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Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace 


In  Two  Volumes 


Volume  II 


ELIZABETH    BL'FKUM    (  HACE    AND    BESSIE 


Save  the  Children.^' — e.  b,  c. 


/Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace 

1806-1899 

Her  Life  and  Its  Environment 

by 

Lillie  Buffum  Chace  Wyman 

and 

Arthur  Crawford  Wyman 


Volume  II 


"  The  progress  of  the  Anti-Slavery  Movement  revealed 
the  great  injustice.,  the  detriment  to  hunuin  ivelfare  of 
the  subordinate,  disfranchised  condition  of  icoman." 
—  E.  B.  c. 


Boston 

W.  B.  Clarke  Co. 

191  t 


/^A 


Copyrighted 

by  W.  B.  Clarke  Co. 

Boston 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS 
Volume  II 

Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace  and  Bessie     .  Frontispiece 

From  a  photograph  taken  when  Mrs.  Chace  was  seventy-three 
years  old. 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higginsox      .         .  Facing  page  10 

Margaret   [Bright]   Lucas     .  .  .  Facing  page  28 

LiLLiE    B.   Chace     .....  Facing  page  48 

From  a  pencil  drawing  by  Edward  Clifford. 

John  Weiss     ......  Facing  page  68 

William  L.  Garrison  the  Second  .  Facing  page  100 

Taken  in  1903.     Printed  by  permission  of  F.  J.  Garrison. 

Mary  C.  Tolman     .....  Facing  page   116 

Chart  of  the  Old  United  States  Sen- 
ate P'loor    ......  Facing  page  132 

Showing  the  seat  occupied  by  Charles  Sumner  when  Preston 
S.  Brooks  assaulted  him.  Printed  by  permission  of  Little, 
Brown  and  Company. 

Lucretia   Mott        .....  Facing  page   140 

The  Homestead       .....  Facing  page   162 

Edward  Clifford,  aged  about  thirty        .  Facing  page   188 

Edward  H.   Magill,  aged  fifty         .  .  Facing  page  200 

Printed  by  permission  of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Robinson. 

Daisy        .......  Facing  page  238 

Baroness  x\le.\andra  Gripenberg   .  .  Facing  page  250 

Arnold  Biffum       .....  Facing  page  270 

In  jihotogravure,  from  a  pencil  drawing  made  by  Edward  A. 
Spring  shortly  before  Arnold   Buffunvs  death  in  1859. 

Abby  Kelley  Foster,  aged  forty      .  .  Facing  page  282 

From  a  daguerreotype.     Printed  by  permission  of  Miss  Foster. 

Frederick   Douglass         ....  Facing  page  299 

From  Miss  Sarali  J.  Eddy's  portrait,  made  in  1881.  Printed  by 
permission  of  Miss  Eddy. 

Arnold  Buffum  Chace.  aged  fifty-five     .  Facing  page  316 


TABLE   OF   CONTENTS 

VOLUME  II 

Broader  Social  Life,  and  the  Fulfillment  of  Duty  as 
A  Rhode  Island  Citizen 

1872—1900 

PACKS 

Chapter  Seventeenth.    A  New  England  Quaker  in 

Old  England  (1872) 1-25 

I^etters  and  papers  in  relation  to  E.  B.  C.'s  European  trip. 
Gives  her  impressions  of  Killarney;  her  visit  to  Dublin.  Her 
reflections  in  Carnarvon  Castle.  Methodist  Chapel.  Visits 
cotton  mill  in  Manchester.  Social  and  other  erxperiences  in 
London.  Attends  the  Prison  Congress  and  reads  a  paper. 
Goes  to  I^eeds  and  sees  George  Thompson.  Proceeds  north- 
ward, passing  through  the  Crinan  Canal  to  Oban.  Returns 
to  Edinburgh  and  meets  Mrs.  Nichol  and  Dr.  John  Brown. 

Chapter     Eighteenth.      Continental     experiences 

(1872-1873) 26-49 

E.  B.  C.  crosses  the  English  Channel.  Visits  Paris.  Calls 
on  J.  Wells  Champney  at  Ecouen  and  meets  M.  Edouard 
Fr5re.  Switzerland.  Ascends  the  Wengern  Alp  in  a  chair 
carried  by  porters.  Goes  up  the  Rigi  on  the  railroad.  Drives 
from  Lucerne  to  Interlaken.  Meets  Fanny  Garrison  Villard 
in  Strasbourg.  Memories  of  the  Jungfrau.  Dresden.  Be- 
comes an  opera-goer.  Sees  the  Emperor  William  and  King 
John  of  Saxony.  Goes  to  Rome  and  sees  the  Carnival.  Visits 
Naples.  Returns  to  Rome,  wliere  she  sees  intimately  a  love 
affair  between  an  ex-Garibaldian  and  a  Protestant  Danish 
Countess.  Meets  William  and  Mary  Howitt  and  Edmonia 
I.,ewis.  On  a  trij)  in  Northern  Italy  and  to  Venice,  she  forms 
what  proves  to  be  a  lasting  friendship  with  Edward  CliflFord. 
Returns  to  London,  meets  William  Bradford.  George 
Thompson  comes  to  Liverpool  to  bid  her  good-by.  Sails  for 
home  on  September  .13th. 

Chapter  Nineteenth.    Return  home  and  renewed 

activity  (1873-1876) 50-73 

E.  B.  C.  one  of  tiie  first  members  of  the  National  Free  Re- 
ligious Association,  and  one  of  the  leaders  in  forming  the 
Free  Religious  Society  in  Providence.    Pleased  with  engage- 


ment  and  marriage  of  her  daughter  Mary.  Confronted  with 
the  caste  feeling  in  relation  to  servants.  Attends  funeral  of 
Marcus  Spring.  I^etter  from  Mrs.  Howe.  E.  B.  C.'s  name 
heads  the  list  of  signers  of  a  Memorial  presented  to  the  Leg- 
islature in  behalf  of  Woman  Suffrage.  Spends  a  month  on 
the  Island  of  Appledore.  Letters  from  Col.  Higginson  in 
reference  to  an  imprisoned  soldier.  Miscellaneous  matters 
and  a  bit  of  self-revelation.  Failure  in  E.  B.  C.'s  health  and 
serious  crisis.  Resigns  from  the  Woman's  Board  of  Lady 
Visitors  to  the  Penal  and  Correctional  Institutions  of  the 
State.  Correspondence  with  John  Weiss  about  temperance. 
Becomes  one  of  the  earliest  workers  to  obtain  the  appoint- 
ment of  matrons  in  police  stations.  Accepts  reappointment 
to  the  Board  of  Lady  Visitors.  letter  from  Mrs.  Howe  ex- 
pressing great  dissatisfaction  with  a  recent  Peace  Conven- 
tion held  in  Philadelphia,  and  appealing  to  E.  B.  C.  to  help 
get  up  an  "independent  Convention  and  organize  a  sounder 
and  better  Peace  Association,  a  really  international  one." 

Chapter  Twentieth.     Old  issues  and  new  (1876— 

1877) 74-97 

E.  B.  C.  visits  the  Centennial  Exposition.  Horace  Cheney's 
illness  and  death.  letter  from  Wendell  Phillips.  Gov.  Lip- 
pitt  asks  her  opinion  of  the  usefulness  of  giving  Lady 
Visitors  an  equal  vote  with  Commissioners  in  charge.  She 
replies  urging  the  appointment  of  women  with  the  same 
power  as  men  on  the  Boards  of  State  Charities  and  Correc- 
tions, Inspectors  of  the  State  Prisons  and  Trustees  of  the 
Reform  School.  L^rges  the  establishment  of  a  State  Home 
and  School  for  pauper  children.  Establishes  a  kinderjrarten. 
Opposes  the  policy  of  the  Providence  Woman's  Club  in 
drawing  a  color  line  in  membership  and  resigns  from  the 
Club.  letter  from  William  C.  Gannett  in  answer  to  her 
criticism  of  Moody.  Family  events.  I^etters  to  the  Provi- 
dence Journal,  one  condemning  pigeon  shooting  for  sport 
and  another  outlining  her  plan  for  the  building  of  the  State 
Home  and  School,  and  explaining  the  purjioses  which  the 
school  should  fulfill.  Her  dissatisfaction  with  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Reform  School.  Visit  of  William  Lloyd  Garri- 
son, his  son  Frank  and  Captain  Wyman  to  the  Homestead. 
E.  B.  C.  advocates  Sunday  recreation  in  Roger  Williams 
Park.  Takes  her  daughter  to  Philadelphia  for  medical 
treatment.  Letters  from  Jojin  C.  Wyman.  Attends  Woman 
Suffrage  Convention  in  Washington.  Writes  to  the  Provi- 
dence Journal  about  the  want  of  comjirehension  of  the  in- 
tents and  purposes  of  the  earliest  and  best  friends  of  the 
State  Home  and  School  shown  by  the  discussion  about  its 
establishment  in  the  Legislature. 

Chapter  Twenty— first.    Last  visit  of  William  Lloyd 

Garrison  and  his  death  (1878-1879)      .  .  .  98-116 

E.  B.  C.  renews  her  protest  against  color  prejudice.  Is  in- 
vited to  become  Vice-President  for  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Chisolm    Monument    Association.     Spends    the    summer    of 


1878  at  Wianno.  William  Llovd  Garrison  visits  the  Home- 
stead for  the  last  time  on  October  29,  1878.  E.  B.  C.  con- 
tinues her  efforts  to  obtain  a  State  Home  and  School.  Visits 
I^.  B.  C.  W.  in  New  York  and  writes  to  the  Providence 
Journal  about  Felix  Adler's  sermons  and  the  work  of  his 
society.  Meets  Sojourner  Truth  again,  and  attends  a  meet- 
ing of  the  committee  to  prevent  state  regulation  of  vice. 
Some  New  York  charities,  a  visit  to  the  Tombs  and  the 
Court  of  Special  Sessions.  Anna  Dickinson's  lecture  on  the 
Platform  and  Stage.  The  Kindergartens.  Letter  from 
Dr.  William  F.  Channing  urging  her  to  answer  an  editorial 
in  the  Providence  Journal  entitled  "Woman  Suffrage  in 
England  and  the  United  States."  She  writes  two  articles  on 
Woman  Suffrage.  She  spends  Anniversary  Week  in  Boston, 
during  which  she  attends  the  funeral  of  William  Lloyd 
Garrison.  In  June  she  makes  a  "journey  of  enquiry  into  the 
possibility  of  making  darkened  lives  brighter."  Miscellane- 
ous incidents,  private  and  public. 

Chapter  Twenty— SECOND.    A  year  of  work  (1880)  .        117-141 

E.  B.  C.  memorializes  the  State  legislature  on  behalf  of  the 
dependent  children  of  the  State,  January,  1880.  Her  interest 
in  Mary  Dyer,  about  whom  she  prepared  an  historical  sketch. 
Is  opposed  to  working  for  the  bestowal  of  school  suffrage  on 
women.  Writes  a  paper  on  Soul  Liberty.  Removal  of  the 
Reform  School.  Iler  opinion  of  it  endorsed  by  leading 
authorities.  Disapproves  of  the  custom  of  counseling  prison- 
ers to  plead  "not  guilty"  to  crimes  they  are  known  to  have 
committed.  Her  annual  address  to  the  Rhode  Island  Woman 
Suffrage  Association  in  November.  Attends  a  Woman  Suf- 
frage Convention  in  Washington,  D.  C.  Gives  especial  study  . 
to  the  color  question  while  there.  Letters  from  Samuel  May 
and  Frederick  Douglass. 

Chapter  Twenty— third.    Factory  Women  and  Girls 

in  New  England  and  other  notable  papers  (1881— 

1882) 142-171 

E.  B.  C.  reviews  the  reports  of  several  different  boards. 
Her  paper  on  Factory  Women,  etc.,  read  before  the  conven- 
tion of  the  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Women. 
Some  letters  in  response.  Address  at  a  Woman  Suffrage 
Convention  in  Woonsocket.  Writes  for  the  Providence 
Journal  about  the  fate  of  an  ill-treated  pauper  child.  Cor- 
respondence with  persons  and  periodicals  on  public  topics. 

Chapter    Twenty— fourth.    Two    main    efforts    ac- 
complished   (1882-1884)        172-192 

General  correspondence.  I^etter  from  Lucy  Stone  asking 
E.  B.  C.  to  write  a  paper  setting  forth  the  reasons  why  it 
became  necessary  to  form  the  American  Woman  Suffrage 
Association.  E.  B.  C.  discovers  that  the  Rhode  Island 
statute  is  so  phrased  that  men  could  be  arrested  in  cases 
where  it  is  the  custom  to  arrest  only  women.    She  addresses 


the  Free  Religious  Society  in  Providence  on  the  Teaching 
of  Morality  in  Schools.  She  appears  before  the  Senate  Com- 
mittee of  the  Judiciary  in  behalf  of  the  State  Home  and 
School.  She  writes  to  the  Providence  Journal,  thoughtfully 
considering  all  the  serious  objections  to  the  passage  of  the 
act  establishing  this  school.  The  bill  is  passed.  Years  later 
she  acknowledged  that  the  friends  of  this  bill  yielded  too 
easily  to  the  pressure  exerted  upon  them  to  allow  the  State 
School  to  be  given  in  charge  of  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion. The  Memorial  Meeting  for  Wendell  Phillips.  She 
tells  what  she  has  done  in  one  single  day.  In  May  she  at- 
tends the  anniversary  meeting  in  Boston  and  writes  of 
Wendell  Phillips.  She  advocates  the  adoption  of  the  kin- 
dergarten. She  attends  Whittier  Day  at  the  Friends'  School. 
Letters  from  Abby  Kelley  Foster,  Edward  Clifford,  Alfred 
M.  Williams,  Lucy  Stone,  Frederick  Douglass,  Margaret 
Lucas,  R.  G.  Hazard,  Susan  B.  Anthony,  and  Parker  Pills- 
bury.  E.  B.  C.  presides  at  the  Annual  Convention  of  the 
Woman  Suffrage  Association  held  in  Representatives'  Hall 
of  the  State  House. 

Chapter  Tvv'enty— fifth.    Wianno  summers  (1877— 

1893) 193-211 

E.  B.  C.  visited  Wianno  for  two  successive  summers  and 
then  built  a  house  for  herself  there  called  Sabbatia  Cottage, 
which  continued  to  be  her  summer  home  as  long  as  she  was 
able  to  travel  thence  from  Valley  Falls.  The  life  in  Wianno 
was  at  first  simple  and  lacking  in  ceremony,  but  as  the  com- 
munity grew  larger  its  customs  necessarily  changed  to  be 
more  like  those  of  fashionable  society.  There  was  much 
entertainment  in  all  the  cottages,  but  that  in  Sabbatia  Cot- 
tage was  differentiated  from  the  others  by  E.  B.  C.'s  reign- 
ing characteristics,  which  imparted  a  special  flavor  both  to 
meetings  for  serious  discussions  and  to  gatherings  for  the 
purpose  of  playing  the  lightest  and  most  mirth-provoking 
games.  Her  greatest  social  achievement  there  was  the  estab- 
lishment of  Sunday  evening  receptions  in  her  own  parlor  to 
listen  to  papers  and  discussions  upon  moral,  religious  and 
literary  topics.  Extracts  from  her  summer  letters  to  the 
Providence  papers. 

Chapter  Twenty-sixth  (1885-1886)       .  .  .        212-226 

Letter  from  Susan  B.  Anthony  telling  of  her  efforts  to  get 
the  U.  S.  senators  to  pledge  themselves  to  vote  for  the 
16th  Amendment.  E.  B.  C.  addresses  the  special  commit- 
tee of  the  R.  1.  House  of  Representatives  on  Woman  Suf- 
frage. Letter  from  William  C.  Gannett.  Edward  Clifford  is 
troubled  about  her  religious  theories.  She  issues  an  appeal 
in  behalf  of  Calvin  Fairbank.  In  February,  1886,  she  pleads 
again  before  the  State  Legislature  for  Woman  Suffrage,  and 
in  March  the  Senate  passed  a  resolution  that  an  amendment 
to  the  Constitution  should  be  submitted  to  the  voters  of 
Rhode  Island,  which,  if  carried,  would  confer  the  right  of 
suffrage  on  the  women  of  that  State.    The  State  Home  and 


School  is  fairly  started  and  E.  B.  C.  feels  quite  satisfied  with 
its  situation.  Miscellaneous  letters  and  papers.  Reunion  of 
old  Abolitionists  at  Lucy  Stone's.  E.  B.  C.'s  illness  inter- 
feres with  plans  for  celebrating  her  eightieth  birthday. 
Letters  in  reference  to  it,  and  William  C.  Gannett's  poem. 

Chapter  Twenty— seventh.     Climax  of  E.  B.  C.'s 

work  for  the  w^ards  of  the  State  (1887-1891)  .  .        227-258 

Letters  from  Samuel  May  and  Luc}^  Stone  about  the  death 
of  Abby  Kelley  Foster.  Campaign  work  for  tlie  Woman 
Suffrage  Amendment.  Letter  to  Edward  Clifford.  Human- 
itarian work.  Family  incidents.  Deaths  of  Oliver  Johnson 
and  Mrs.  Doyle.  Investigation  of  the  management  of  the 
State  Home  and  School  and  its  reform.  Acquaintance  with 
Baroness  Gripenberg.    Birthday  letters. 

Chapter    Twenty— eighth.     Anti-Slavery    reminis- 
cences (1891)         259-283 

Extracts  from  E.  B.  C.'s  Anti-Slavery  Reminiscences.  Let- 
ters to  her  in  relation  to  the  book.  A  portion  of  her  tribute 
to  Abby  Kelley  Foster. 

Chapter    Twenty— ninth.     Approaching    the    end 

(1892-1895) 284--308 

E.  B.  C.  addresses  the  Legislature  once  more  in  an  effort  to 
obtain  suffrage  for  women.  Letter  about  the  Arnolds.  She 
offers  a  prize  for  the  best  essay  against  the  use  of  tobacco. 
Letter  to  the  Danvers  Historical  Society.  Miscellaneous 
correspondence.  In  the  valley  of  the  shadow  of  death  and 
partial  recovery.  Friendly  letters.  Last  memorial  to  the 
Rhode  Island  Legislature.  Letter  of  resignation  of  the 
presidency  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Associa- 
tion which  was  not  accepted.  Verses  printed  in  Ye  Odde 
Number. 

Chapter    Thirtieth.    Last    years    of    life    (1895- 

1900)  309-332 

Continued  interest  in  public  affairs.  Evidences  of  friend- 
ship, sympathy  and  affection  wliich  surrounded  her  to  the 
last. 


3d 


TABLE  OF  CORRESPONDENCE  IN  VOLUME  II 
Letters  from 

Adler,  Felix,  to  E.  B.  C,  248. 

Ames,  Charles  G.,  to  E.  B.  C,  293. 

Andrews,  E.  Benjamin,  to  E.  B.  C,  251,  287,  325. 

Anthony,  Susan  B.,  to  E.  B.  C,  185,  190,  212,  213,  235,  319; 
to  L.  B.  C.  W.,  318. 

Baker,  L.  E.,  to  E.  B.  C,  288. 

Baker,  M.  E.,  to  E.  B.  C,  87. 

Barker,  Catherine  J.,  to  E.  B.  C,  273. 

Blackwell,  Alice  Stone,  to  E.  B.  C,  295,  320. 

Blackwell,  Henry  B.,  to  E.  B.  C,  295. 

Blaisdell,  F.  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  71. 

Bright,  Jacob,  to  E.  B.  C,  276. 

Brown,  Rebecca  Bartlett,  to  E.  B.  C,  278. 

Buffum,  William  Arnold,  to  E.  B.  C.  213. 

Burrage,  Julia  Severance,  to  E.  B.  C,  277. 

Capron,  Adin  B.,  to  E.  B.  C,  324. 

Carnegie,  Andrew,  to  E.  B.  C,  1,  288. 

Chace,  Elizabeth  B..  to  Augustus  O.  Bourne,  174;  to  C.  S. 
Bradley,  166;  to  Caroline  B.  Brown,  28;  to  Arnold  B. 
Chace,  5-9,  9,  11,  12,  14-18,  18,  19,  20,  21-23,  24,  26.  27, 
29-31,  32,  33,  34-36,  37,  38-40,  41-44,  45,  46,  47;  to 
Mary  C.  Cheney,  57,  58;  to  Elizabeth  K.  Churchill,  79; 
to  Edward  Clifford,  230;  to  S.  E.  Doyle,  99;  to  Clara  M. 
Holmes,  316;  to  Henry  Lippitt,  65,  76;  to  A.  H.  Little- 
field,  166;  to  A.  D.  Lockwood,  64;  to  William  McKinley, 
323;  to  Seth  Padelford.  10;  to  Mary  C.  Tolman.  140.  181. 
219,  245,  311,  330;  to  Royal  C.  Taft,  183;  to  John  Weiss, 
67;    to  L.  B.  C.  W..  140;    to .  285. 

Chace,  George  I.,  to  E.  B.  C.  172. 

Chace,  L.  B.,  to  Mrs.  A.  B.  Chace.  3;  to  E.  B.  C.  53.  See 
Wyman,  L.  B.  C. 

Champney,  James  Wells,  to  E.  B.  C,  256. 

Channing.  William  F..  to  E.  B.  C.  51.  110,  143.  174. 


Chase,  Charles  A.,  to  E.  B.  C,  278. 

Chase,  Thomas,  to  E.  B.  C,  272. 

Cheney,  Ednah  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  122,  173. 

Clifford,  Edward,  to  E.  B.   C,  187,  215,  216,  233,  240,  280, 

322,  325. 
Clifford,  Margaret,  to  E.  B.  C,  46.     See  Williams,  M.  C. 
Clough,  Mrs.  S.,  to  E.  B.  C,  70. 
Collyer,  Robert,  to  E.  B.  C,  237,  255. 
Colt,  Samuel  P.,  to  E.  B.  C,  78. 
Conway,  Moncure  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  222,  257,  297. 
Correll,  Erasmus  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  173. 
Curtis,  George  William,  to  E.  B.  C,  279. 
Douglass,  Frederick,  to  E.  B.  C,  139,   189,  251,  253,  280;    to 

L.  B.  C.  W.,  189,  298. 
Downing,  George  T.,  to  E.  B.  C,  254. 
Doyle,  Sarah  E.,  to  E.  B.  C,  98. 

Doyle,  Sarah  E.  H.  (Mrs.  Louis  J.),  to  E.  B.  C,  92. 
Doyle,  Thomas  A.,  to  E.  B.  C,  128. 
Eaton,  Amasa  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  52,  53. 
Eldredge,  W.  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  102. 
Fairbank,  Calvin,  to  E.  B.  C,  325. 
Farnum,  R.  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  272. 
Fletcher,  Alice,  to  E.  B.  C,  56. 
Foster,  Abby  Kelley,  to  E.  B.  C,  185. 
Freeman,  Edward  L.,  to  E.  B.  C,  184. 
Gannett,  William  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  81,  215,  318. 
Garrison,   Frank   J.,   to   E.    B.    C,   2,   279,    290,   312,   326;     to 

L.  B.  C.  W.,  331. 
Garrison,  George  Thompson,  to  E.  B.  C,  275. 
Garrison,  Wendell  P.,  to  E.  B.  C,  223. 
Garrison,  William  Lloyd,  to  Arthur  Albright,   2;    to   E.   B.  C, 

60,  63. 
Garrison,  William  Lloyd,  the  Second,  to  E.  B.  C,  294,  304. 
Garrison,  William  and  Ellie,  to  E.  B.  C.  223. 
Grij^enberg,   Baroness  Alexandra,  to  E.   B.   C,   249,   326,  327, 

328. 
Hall,  Martha  Lovell,  to  L.  B.  C.  W.  and  Mrs.  Tolman,  252. 
Hazard,  Rowland  G.,  to  E.  B.  C,  190. 
Higginson,  Thomas  Wentworth,  to  E.   B.   C,  61,  62,  90,   114; 

to  L.  B.  C.  W.,  331. 


Hinckley,  Frederic  A.,  to  Ellen  K.  BoUes,  305. 

Holmes,  Clara  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  275. 

Howe,  Julia  Ward,  to  E.  B.  C,  56,  62,  72,  115,  220,  294;    to 

L.  B.  C.  W.,  332. 
Hughes,  Thomas,  to  E.  B.  C,  11. 
Ingersoll,  C.  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  100. 
Janes,  Sophia  L.,  to  E.  B.  C,  272. 
Lawton,  James,  to  E.  B.  C,  109. 
Lippitt,  Henry,  to  E.  B.  C,  71,  72,  76,  78. 
Little,  Sophia  L.,  to  E.  B.  C,  217,  275. 
Littlefield,  Alfred  H.,  to  E.  B.  C,  168. 

Livermore,  Mary  A.,  to  E.  B.  C,  221,  296;   to  L.  B.  C.  W.,  253. 
Long,  John  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  169. 
Lucas,  Margaret,  to  E.  B.  C,  29,  189. 

Magill,  Edward  H.,  to  E.  B.  C,  318;   to  M.  C.  Tolman,  331. 
May,  Samuel,  to   E.   B.   C,   137,   222,  273,   274,   300,  309;    to 

L.  B.  C.  W.,  227,  296. 
Morse,  Lucy  G.,  to  E.  B.  C,  284,  289,  303,  323,  328,  329,  330; 

to  M.  C.  Tolman,  331. 
Mowry,  Eliza  A.,  to  E.  B.  C,  272. 
Nichoi,  Elizabeth  Pease,  to  E.  B.  C,  276. 
Palmer,  Fanny  P.,  to  E.  B.  C,  125. 
Phillips,  Wendell,  to  L.  B.  C,  1,  75. 

Pillsbury,  Parker,  to  E.  B.  C,  192,  224,  240.  277.  281. 
Pillsbury,  Mr.  and  !Mrs.,  to  J.  C.  Wyman,  254. 
Porter,  Delia  W.,  to  L.  B.  C.  W.,  255. 
Potter,  William  J.,  to  E.  B.  C,  256. 
Powell,  Anna  Rice,  to  E.  B.  C,  328. 
Purvis,  Robert  (Mr.  and  Mrs.),  to  E.  B.  C,  254. 
Richardson,  Erastus,  to  E.  B.  C,  252. 
Snow,  Edwin  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  129. 
Spencer,  Anna  Garlin,  to  E.  B.  C,  177. 

Stanton,  Elizabeth  Cady,  to  E.  B.  C,  115,  234,  253,  318,  330. 
Stone,  Lucy,  to  E.  B.  C,  130,  169,  170,  173,  180,  188,  218,  219, 

229;    to  Arnold  B.  Chace,  256. 
Taft,  Royal  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  275. 
Tolman,  Elizabeth  M.  S.,  to  E.  B.  C,  114,  123. 
Tolman,  Harriet  S.,  to  E.  B.  C,  221. 
Tolman,  Mary  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  312. 
Trueblood,  E.  Hicks,  to  E.  B.  C,  280. 


Van  Zandt,  Charles  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  88. 
Villard.  raiiny  Garrison,  to  E.  B.  C,  223. 
Webb,  Richard  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  3,  5. 
Weiss,  John,  to  E.  B.  C,  69. 
Weld,  Theodore  D.,  to  E.  B.  C,  223. 
Wells,  Kate  Gannett,  to  E.  B.  C,  159,  175. 
Wetmore,  George  Peabody,  to  E.  B.  C  218. 
Whitney,  Edwin  H.,  to  E.  B.  C,  217. 
Whittier,  John  G.,  to  E.  B.  C,  221,  279. 
Wilkins,  Mary  E.,  to  E.  B.  C,  286. 
Williams,  Alfred  M.,  to  E.  B.  C,  188. 
Williams,  Margaret  Clifford,  to  E.  B.  C,  281. 
Winch,  William  J.  (Mrs.),  to  M.  C.  Tolman,  234. 

Woodbury,  Augustus,  to  E.  B.  C,  2,  51 ;   to ,  304. 

Worthington,  Edgar,  to  E.  B.  C,  176. 
Wyman,  John  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  91,  100,  103,  239. 
Wyman,  L.  B.  C,  to  E.  B.  C,  123,  239,  324. 
Young,  Joshua,  to  L.  B.  C.  W.,  256. 
to  E.  B.  C,  160,  161,  286. 


MANUSCRIPTS  AND  PRINTED  MATTER,  EXTRACTS 
OR  FULL  REPRODUCTIONS,  IN  VOLUME  II 

By  Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace 

Undated  manuscript,  63. 

Extracts  from  Letters  and  Articles  Printed  in  the 
Providence  Journal  and  Other  Rhode  Island  Papers 

Matrons  in  Police  Stations,  70 ;  Pigeon  shooting,  84 ;  Prevention 
of  Pauperism  and  Crime,  84—86 ;  Sunday  Recreation,  89 ; 
State  Home  and  School,  92-97;  Appeal  for  Vagrant  Boys, 
102,  109;  Purification  of  the  Drama,  104;  Letters  from 
New  York,  104-109;  Woman  Suffrage,  111;  Funeral  of 
William  Lloyd  Garrison,  112;  Soul  Liberty,  125;  Woman's 
Exchange,  126;  State  Home  and  School,  127;  Custom 
of  Pleading  Not  Guilty,  129;  Letters  from  Washington, 
132—137;  Treatment  of  Women  in  Reformatories,  142; 
Color  Question,  145;  Protest  against  Gambling,  Plea  for 
Friendless  Children,  163;  Golden  Rule  in  the  Legisla- 
ture, Sad  Fate  of  Jennie  D.  Nevin,  165;  Partial  Enforce- 
ment of  Law,  175;  One  Objection  to  a  State  Home,  178; 
Use  of  Liquor  in  Cooking,  180;  Grave  of  Wendell  Phillips, 
Save  the  Children,  184;  Visit  to  Friends'  School,  186; 
Letters  from  Wianno,  205-210;  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suf- 
frage Amendment,  219;  Dr.  Morgan's  Address,  235;  About 
Mrs.  Gorman,  292;   Woman  Suffrage,  About  Apples,  313. 

State  Home  and  School,  65,  84,  86,  92,  101,  109,  113,  117,  126, 
127,  128,  129,  163,  177,  178,  181,  184,  210,  218,  233,  234, 
242-248. 

Memorials  to  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  117, 
300. 

Factory  Women  and  Girls  in  New  England,  146-159. 

Woman  Suffrage  Activity,  57,  111,  113,  124,  140,  165,  214, 
217,  234,  313,  314,  317. 


Addresses  as  President  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage 
Association,  124,  131,  162,  191,  236,  237,  238,  242,  250. 

Tribute  to  Abby  Kelley  Foster,  236,  282. 

Memorial  of  Sarah  E.  H.  Doyle,  241. 

Anti-Slavery  Reminiscences,  259-271. 

Letter  to  Danvers  Historical  Society,  287. 

Letter  to  Executive  Committee  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suf- 
frage Association,  302. 

Verses,  306,  307,  315. 

Reminiscences  of  Old  Smithfield,  320. 

In  Quaker  Days,  321. 

Miscellaneous 

Representative's  ticket  to  the  International  Congress,  2. 
Extract  from  Julia  Ward  Howe's  Reminiscences,  14. 
Extracts  from  Moncure  D.  Conwaj-'s  Autobiography,  19,  201. 
Editorials  in  Providence  Journal,  97,  177. 
Editorial  in  Springfield  Republican,  244. 

Woman  Suffrage  circular  letter  sent  to  Rhode  Island  Postmas- 
ters, 217. 
Verses  by  William  C.  Gannett,  224. 


xviil 


CHAPTER   SEVENTEENTH 

Trip  Abroad;  Experiences  in  Ireland  and  England; 

Prison  Congress;  Mrs.  Chace's  Letters  to 

Arnold  Buffum  Chace 

THE   journeys   and   changes  during  the   two  preceding 
years  prepared  Mrs.  Chace's  mind  for  a  purpose  suffi- 
ciently indicated  in  the  following  documents. 

Wendell  Phillips  to  L.  B.  C. 

"Hurrah  and  ten  thousand  cheers  for  Europe!  Sink  back 
into  history  in  England.  Sun  yourself  in  France.  Bathe  in 
beautiful  Italy, — make  me  crazy  when  I  think  you'll  see  the 
Pyramids  and  laugh  in  Damascus.  Ah,  if  you  do,  can  I  do 
anything  but  hate  you  in  my  envy.''  Congratulate  Mother 
and  go  and  enjoy  yourself,  remembering  sometimes,  yours, 
W.  P." 

Andrew  Carnegie  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"March  2,  187'2.  Mother  bids  me  say  that  she  counts  her- 
self your  superior  as  a  'strong-minded'  woman,  whenever 
action  is  required,  especially  in  travelling,  and  she  will  be 
delighted  to  bring  her  talents  into  active  play  in  getting  you 
and  your  daughters  nicely  off  for  your  foreign  tour." 

Andrew  Carnegie  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"New  York,  March  8th,  1872.  I  found  your  letter  on  my 
return  from  the  West.    We  have  secured  the  adjoining  rooms 

[1] 


on  the  Cuba,  May  1st.  You  are  to  have  Md'lle  Nilsson  as  a 
fellow  passenger.  There  is  no  better  ship  afloat  than  the 
Cuba,  and  the  Captain  is  a  first  class  seaman." 

Rev.  Augustus  Woodbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"I  send  you  herewith  the  necessary  credentials  for  the 
London  Meeting  just  received  from  Dr.  Wines." 

"Representatives  Ticket. 

International  Congress  on  the  Prevention  and  Repression  of 
Crime,  Including  Penal  Reformatory  Treatment,  in  the 
Hall  of  the  Middle  Temple,  London,  July  3rd,  1872. 
Admit  Mrs.  Chace.    No.  74. 

Edwin  Pears,  Secretary." 

Frank  J.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

" Roxburi/,  April  21,  1872.  I  send  herewith  my  small  con- 
tribution to  your  letters  of  introduction,  and  trust  it  will  be 
followed  by  a  package  of  a  dozen  or  more  from  Father. 

"I  was  sorr}-^  I  could  not  go  to  the  depot  last  Monday, 
when  (I  suppose)  you  returned  home  from  the  Radical  Club. 
Other  things  being  equal,  I  should  make  my  contemplated  trip 
to  New  York  next  week,  in  season  to  see  you  off,  but  I  cannot. 
Mother  desires  me  to  convey  her  love  to  you  and  to  express 
her  disappointment  in  not  having  you  here  for  a  night  before 
your  departure." 

William  Lloyd  Garrison  to  Arthur  Albright 

^^ Boston,  April  30,  1872.  Allow  me  to  introduce  to  you 
the  bearer  of  this,  my  esteemed  friend  Mrs.  Elizabeth  B. 
Chace,  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  efficient  of  my  co-workers 
in  the  Anti-Slavery  cause,  and  interested  in  all  movements  to 

[2] 


promote  temperance,  peace  and  human  brotherhood.  She  is 
acquainted  with  all  the  leading  American  Abolitionists,  and 
greatly  respected  by  them  all." 

Richard  D.  Webb,  the  old  Irish  Abolitionist,  wrote  from 
Dublin  to  Mrs.  Chace,  giving  minute  directions  as  to  what  she 
and  her  party  were  to  do  when  they  should  land  at  Queens- 
town,  and  how  they  should  go  thence  to  Cork,  "of  which,"  he 
wrote,  "the  natives  are  proud,  though  you  will  be  sorely 
puzzled  to  guess  why.  I  am  sure  I  don't  know  unless  it  be  that 
they,  generally  speaking,  know  of  no  other  cities." 

Mr.  Webb  went  on : 

"Wise  people  here  travel  2nd  class  and  economize,  but 
Brother  Jonathan  and  his  wife  generally  prefer  to  pay  for 
first  class. 

"You  must  all  come  and  cheer  me  up.  I  am  very  fond  of 
society,  particularly  American  society." 

Mrs.  Chace's  party  consisted  of  her  daughters,  of  whom 
Clara  M.  Holmes  had  long  been  considered  one,  and  also  of 
her  cousin,  Anne  Vernon  Buffum. 

L.  B.  C.  TO  Mrs.  Arnold  B.  Chace 

"Steamer  Cuba.  Ugh  !  Here  I  am  on  the  floor  of  the  deck 
wrapped  up  in  Mr.  Wyman's  blanket,  and  otherwise  propped 
at  the  side  by  a  pile  of  shawls  and  wraps  of  various  kinds, 
and  at  the  back  by  a  ventilator,  or  some  other  iron  machine, 
that  comes  up  out  of  the  deck,  and  conveys  to  our  staterooms 
below  their  scanty  modicum  of  air.  On  the  whole  I  have 
known  in  my  short  life  moments  of  greater  hilarity  and  vigor. 

"Mr.  Wyman,  whose  new,  light  grey  blanket  is  at  this 
moment  subjected  to  the  defilement  of  the  cinders  from  the 
smoke  pipe  for  my  sake,  is  a  middle-aged,  stout,  beaming 
benefactor  on  this  ship,  always  on  hand  when  anybody  is 
needed,  and  he  has  an  inexhaustible  fund  of  humor  and  plenty 

[3] 


of  thoughtful  tenderness.  An  old  friend  of  John  Weiss, 
Theo.  Brown  and  the  like,  he  tells  some  capital  stories  about 
them.  He  is  almost  the  only  acquaintance  we  have  made. 
Col.  Higginson's  brother  is  a  fine  looking,  pleasant  gentleman, 
but  seems  shy,  and  we  don't  progress  much  in  our  acquaint- 
ance. I  think  I  prefer  the  Colonel.  Miss  Nilsson  is  rather 
retired,  or,  I  believe,  is  rather  sea-sick.  Parepa  also  is  seldom 
visible.  Little  Carl  Rosa  trots  round  with  his  hands  in  his 
pockets  pretty  constantly. 

"We  expect  to  get  to  Queenstown  sometime  tomorrow. 
We  hope  to  pass  Sunday  at  the  lakes  of  Killarney. 

"There  is  a  horrid  looking  set  of  men  on  board.  Mary  fell 
very  much  in  love  with  one  nice  looking  fellow,  because  he  was 
so  attentive  to  his  wife,  but  her  idol  was  broken  when  she 
learned  that  he  had  been  losing  money  at  euchre.  She  thinks 
that  worse  than  playing  simple  cards  on  Sunday." 

Though  in  some  directions  Mrs.  Chace's  powers  did  not 
further  mature  after  middle  life,  in  many  ways  her  ideas  and 
tastes  changed,  broadened  and  improved  until  the  end.  Even 
where  development  ceased,  it  seemed  to  be  merely  because 
there  was  no  impelling  reason  for  its  continuance.  Where 
such  reason  existed  progress  was  maintained  successfully, 
aided  by  her  wonderful  elasticity  of  mind  which  continued 
through  all  her  long  life,  and  her  European  experience  was 
evidence  of  this  progressive  possibility  in  her  endowment. 

She  did  her  part  as  a  tourist  collector.  Not  a  scholar  in 
any  branch  of  learning,  not  a  connoisseur  in  any  art,  she  had 
the  courage  of  her  preferences,  and  she  did  not  avoid  the 
gratification  of  her  more  luxurious  tastes. 

Much  that  she  did  and  said  during  this  1870  decade 
showed  that  she  was  influenced  by  the  belief  that  she  was 
establishing  a  home  for  her  descendants,  and  making  a  collec- 
tion that  was  to  carry  on  a  family  tradition,  and  the  character 

[4] 


of  her  European  purchases  proved  that  while  abroad  she  was 
especially  moved  by  such  thought  and  purpose. 

In  later  years,  her  daughter  Mary  said  that  the  Homestead 
furnishings  so  thoroughly  represented,  in  their  medley,  the 
seventy-five  years  during  which  they  were  gathered  together, 
that  a  careful  observer  could  trace  through  them  the  intellec- 
tual and  artistic  evolution  "of  a  family  of  that  era." 

Except  where  otherwise  designated,  the  letters  relating  to 
her  European  experience  were  all  written  by  Mrs.  Chace  to  her 
son  Arnold.  Dates  have  sometimes  been  omitted  because  the 
letter  date  was  so  much  later  than  that  of  the  incident  related, 
that  to  give  it  would  tend  to  confuse  the  reader  as  to  the  true 
order  of  events. 

Richard  D.  Webb  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dublin,  May  9th,  187'2.  I  hope  you  have  landed  by  this 
time.  As  to  Dublin,  if  you  wish  for  economy  (which  it  is  no 
shame  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic)  you  can  save  considerable 
by  going  to  Mrs.  Douglas',  though  you  will  not  have  the 
magnificence  of  the  Shelbourne  which  the  Americans,  of 
course,  throng  to.  Glorious  weather  for  Killarney.  Don't 
stay  fewer  than  three  days.  Perhaps  you  will  visit  the 
Blarney  Stone  and  Castle." 

Writing  from  Killarney,  May  14th,  Mrs.  Chace  tells  of  a 
drive  and  describes  the  cottages  of  Lord  Kenmare's  tenants : 

"As  we  drive  by  them  and  look  in  upon  their  mud  floors, 
and  see  the  bare  feet  of  the  women  and  their  scanty  clothing, 
everything  tells  us  of  large  rents  for  small  privileges,  which 
added  to  the  poor-rates,  of  which  they  complain  and  the 
church  rates,  which  they  submit  to  for  the  salvation  of  their 
souls,  leaves  little  to  feed  and  cover  them.  I  find  that  the 
National  schools  are  so  far  apart  that  really  many  of 
the  children  must  be  denied  their  benefits." 

[5] 


Richard  D.  Webb  looked  like  a  benignant  human  lion, 
when  Mrs.  Chace  met  him  in  Dublin.  He  spoke  with  a  strong 
accent  that  made  his  speech  sound  almost  unintelligible  to 
American  ears.  He  seemed  proud  of  his  work  as  biographer 
of  John  Brown  of  Ossawatomie,  and  he  gave  to  Lillie  a  small 
engraved  portrait  of  the  hero.  He  explained  to  the  party  the 
Irish  voting  system,  which  sometimes  gave  to  a  man  the  right 
at  the  same  election  to  cast  a  ballot  in  each  one  of  several 
voting  districts.  He  did  not  appear  to  be  an  ardent  Home 
Ruler.  Being  in  feeble  health,  he  only  drove  with  Mrs.  Chace's 
party,  received  their  calls  and  entertained  them  at  supper  in 
his  oAvn  house,  but  left  to  his  brother  Thomas  the  duty  of 
conducting  them  on  their  sight-seeing  expeditions.  Gallantly 
and  well  did  Thomas  Webb  perform  his  task. 

Mrs.  Chace  saw  an  academic  ceremony  in  Dublin,  and  wrote 
home  to  her  son,  that  the  actors  in  it  all  wore  "those  abom- 
inable looking  caps  and  gowns ! "  Imagination  faints  in  the 
effort  to  conceive  how  she  would  have  felt,  if,  twoscore  years 
later,  she  could  have  seen  the  Chancellor  of  Brown  University 
wearing  the  costume  of  his  office.  Still,  we,  the  writers  of  this 
chronicle,  are  inclined  to  believe  that  had  Mrs.  Chace  been 
permitted  to  gaze  with  earthly  eyes  upon  the  Chancellor's 
gold-tasseled  cap  and  hooded  gown  she  would  have  decided 
that  such  apparel  and  ornament  must  be  wholly  appropriate 
since  her  son  Arnold  wore  it. 

"6th  mo.,  25th,  1872.  Carnarvon  Castle  is  an  immense 
structure,  built  in  the  13th  century.  How  people  ever  lived 
and  *kept  house'  in  these  places,  I  don't  see.  I  like  to  sit 
down  and  gaze  silently  at  these  remains  of  the  life  that  was, 
of  our  British  ancestors.  How  do  I  know  but  some  drop  of 
blood  is  now  flowing  in  my  veins  that  once  throbbed  within 
these  castle  walls?  How  do  I  know  but  some  traits  in  my 
character  came  down  to  mc  from  the  life  that  centered  here.'* 

[6] 


Well,  if  they  did  not,  they  came  from  some  other  old  spot 
over  here,  and  this  makes  this  island  of  Britain  sacred  to  me. 
"We  drove  sixteen  miles  through  the  pass  of  Llanberis. 
Our  ride  was  on  an  excellent  road,  cut  round  among  the  moun- 
tains, which  are  very  steep  and  so  rocky  that  for  miles  we 
would  not  see  the  smallest  sign  of  vegetation,  while  constantly 
pounding  down  their  rugged  sides  were  little  cataracts,  some- 
times so  steep  that  it  seemed  strange  the  water  did  not  all 
drop  at  once,  in  one  great  dash." 

"Chepstow,  6th  mo.,  6th.  We  came  upon  a  small  Metho- 
dist Chapel  and  hearing  the  singing,  we  concluded  to  enter 
and  found  the  little  congregation  just  finishing  partaking 
from  a  plate  of  small  crackers.  The  man  who  carried  the 
plate  showed  us  into  a  pew  and  telling  us  it  was  a  'love  feast' 
offered  us  the  crackers  which  we  declined.  Then  the  minister, 
who  was  a  young  man,  made  a  sort  of  confession  of  his  faith 
and  exhorted  the  congregation  to  express  their  feelings. 
Many  of  them  followed,  both  men  and  women.  They  all  be- 
lieved their  sins  were  washed  'haway'  by  the  'blood  of  Christ' 
and  they  were  bound  for  "eaven';  but  they  seemed  so  simple 
hearted  and  there  was  so  much  freedom  for  the  women  and  so 
little  form  and  ceremony,  that,  disgusted  as  I  am  with  the 
flummery  of  the  English  Church,  I  was  glad  of  this  meeting 
and  very  cordially  dropped  my  shilling  into  their  collection." 

"In  Manchester,  I  enquired  where  we  could  find  some  large 
cotton  factories.  They  advised  us  to  go  to  McConnell's.  So 
we  took  a  hansom  cab  for  the  first  time,  just  for  the  fun  of 
it.  The  driver  went  out  of  sight ;  the  horse  started  up  and 
gave  us  a  tip  back  which  made  us  start  too  and  off  we  went. 

"I  was  sorry  to  find  that  they  did  not  weave,  but  only  made 
fine  yarns.  Their  mules  have  1,304<  spindles  each.  But  oh! 
those  mule  rooms  were  so  low  and  so  hot.  The  mercury  was 
at  90  degrees.    Do  we  keep  ours  as  hot.f* 

[7] 


"They  have  one  machine  which  I  believe  we  do  not  have; 
the  combing  machine,  somewhere  after  the  carding,  and  I 
think  after  two  or  three  drawings,  which  leaves  the  cotton 
looking  so  silky  as  it  is  gathered  up  into  a  narrow  strip  to 
pour  again  into  a  can. 

"There  were  some  small  children  whom  I  asked  about  and 
was  told  that  the  firm  was  obliged  to  send  them  to  school  half 
the  day  and  that  it  furnished  the  school." 

"London,  6th  mo,,  l^-th.  Day  before  yesterday  we  went 
to  Notting  Hill,  and  called  at  the  Conways'.  They  were  out, 
but  yesterday  morning  came  a  note  inviting  us  to  come  last 
evening  to  a  reception;  so  Mary,  Lillie  and  I  went.  Clara 
had  been  all  day  at  the  Ascot  Races  with  the  Carnegies 
[Andrew  Carnegie  and  his  mother],  where  she  saw  the  Prince 
and  Princess  of  Wales  and  swarms  of  the  nobility  and  gentry. 

"At  the  Conways'  we  had  a  delightful  evening. 

"Tomorrow  we  are  to  drive,  at  the  fashionable  hour,  in 
Hyde  Park.  Mr.  Wyman  has  just  called  and  will  manage  that 
for  us.    Clara  will  go  with  the  Carnegies. 

"Mr.  Smalley  told  us  that,  according  to  his  latest  des- 
patches, it  looks  as  though  Horace  Greeley  would  go  with  a 
rush  into  the  White  House,  that  there  is  no  doubt  he  will 
receive  the  nomination  of  the  Baltimore  Convention.  He  says 
Greeley  is  infinitely  more  fit  for  President  than  Grant.  He 
says  he  was  not  surprised  at  Phillips'  letter.  That  Phillips 
has  long  personally  disliked  Greeley,  etc.  But  then  Smalley 
is  the  correspondent  of  the  Tribune. 

"Do  write  me  about  my  garden  and  about  the  grass  and 
the  strawberries,  and  do  keep  my  bank  green  and  don't  let 
people  run  up  and  down  on  it,  but  make  steps  between  mine 
and  thine,  partly  on  mine  and  partly  on  thine. 

"I  long  for  home  food,  and  do  not  believe  I  shall  ever  get 
fond  of  such  breakfasts  as  we  get  everywhere.    If  I  could  have 

[8] 


some  Indian-cake  now  and  then,  it  would  be  delicious.  But  all 
that  is  denied  us.  It  is  meat  and  eggs, — meat  and  eggs,  till 
I  am  quite  disgusted." 

"6th  mo.,  18th.  Well,  what  does  thee  think  we  did  last 
night?  About  half  past  nine,  Mr.  Carnegie  and  an  English 
gentleman  came  with  a  lady  who  is  staying  with  the  Carnegies, 
and  invited  our  whole  party  to  go  with  them  to  *  Evans'  supper 
and  music  rooms,'  a  sort  of  club  and  concert  hall,  established 
a  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago.  It  has  been  the  place  of  resort 
for  poets  and  literary  men,  such  as  Thackeray,  etc.  They  go 
and  eat  supper  and  drink  ale,  and  talk  and  read,  and  all  the 
time  some  sort  of  entertainment,  mostly  musical,  is  going  on. 
At  quarter  after  ten,  we  started,  eight  of  us,  taking  two  cabs. 

"Spectators  at  the  supper-room  sit  in  boxes  and  look  down 
through  wire  grating  on  the  scene  below,  where  respectable 
looking  gentlemen  sit  till  one  o'clock  around  little  tables, 
while  athletes  perform  wonderful  gymnastic  feats,  and  a  band 
of  little  boys  sing  old  English  songs  accompanied  by  a  piano. 
That  part  of  it  was  very  sweet.  Everything  was  very  orderly. 
We  stayed  till  midnight,  and  then  rode  home  through  streets 
almost  as  thronged  as  in  the  daj^time." 

Mrs.  Chace,  escorted  by  Mr.  Conway,  made  as  thorough  a 
trip  through  the  worst  portions  of  London  and  inspected 
them  as  carefully  as  she  could ;  but  she  did  not  take  either  of 
her  daughters  with  her. 

"6th  mo.,  19th.  Yesterday  afternoon  we  all  went  to  the 
Century  Club  room,  to  a  meeting  of  the  Anglo  American 
Society,  called  to  receive  and  welcome  T.  W.  Higginson. 
Before  the  meeting,  Mrs.  Howe,  Mr.  Higginson,  Mr.  Conway 
and  we  were  introduced  to  the  Hon.  Thomas  Hughes,  who  sat 
right  down  and  chatted  with  us  in  the  most  delightful  manner. 
He  made  an  appointment  with  Mrs.  Howe  and  us  to  show  us 

[9] 


over  both  Houses  of  Parliament.  He  presided  at  the  meeting, 
making  a  lovely  speech  about  Col.  Higginson  and  America^ 
and  introducing  Lord  Houghton,  who  offered  a  very  flatter- 
ing resolution  of  high  consideration  and  admiration  for 
Col.  Higginson  as  a  scholar,  writer  and  reformer,  which  he 
supported  in  a  neat  speech  of  commendation.  He  was  fol- 
lowed by  Mr.  Pollock,  son  of  Sir  Francis  Pollock,  who  seconded 
the  resolution  and  also  made  a  speech.  Then  the  Hon.  Dudley 
Campbell  spoke  very  beautifully  of  his  visit  to  America  and 
Col.  Higginson's  kindness  and  attention  to  him  there.  The 
Chairman  followed  with  some  of  his  pleasant  reminiscences. 
During  all  this  time,  Wentworth's  head  kept  falling  lower  and 
lower,  till  it  seemed  almost  as  if  it  would  go  out  of  sight ;  but 
when  Mr.  Hughes  had  put  the  motion  and  the  resolution  was 
carried,  he  rose  up  so  grandly  and  spoke  so  well  and  yet  so 
modestly  and  at  the  same  time  so  much  more  fluently  than  the 
Englishmen,  that  we  Americans  held  up  our  heads  with  pride 
and  gratification. 

"Mr.  Smalley  told  us  that  Mr.  Phillips  had  written  to  him 
and  consigned  us  to  his  care." 

[From  a  draft] 

"London,  6th  mo.,  24th,  1872.  Hon.  Seth  Padelfordy 
Governor  of  Rhode  Island.  Respected  Sir:  I  learn,  with  re- 
gret, that  3^ou  have  given  me,  for  this  year,  an  appointment 
on  the  Board  of  Lady  Visitors  to  the  Penal  and  Correctional 
Institutions  of  the  State.  I  hasten  to  say  that,  while  thank- 
ing you  for  the  confidence  in  me  thus  expressed,  I  must  re- 
spectfully decline  the  appointment,  because,  being  absent 
from  the  country,  I  cannot  perform  its  duties. 

"I  have  visited  prisons  in  Ireland.  I  expect  to  do  so  in 
England,  and  hope  to  in  France  and  Germany. 

"When  I  return  home,  if  the  State  desires  my  services  in. 
any  way  in  which  I  can  be  useful,  they  are  at  its  disposal." 

[10] 


THOMAS    WENTWORTH     HIO(JINSON 


This  resignation  was  not  accepted  and  Mrs.  Chace  was 
continued  as  a  member  of  the  board. 

Thomas  Hughes  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"June  2Ji-.  I  find  I  shall  not  be  able  to  be  at  the  House 
tomorrow,  so  trust  that  you  may  find  Thursday  as  convenient 
a  day. 

"I  can  meet  you  on  that  day  at  any  time  you  like  to  name, 
at  the  door  of  Westminster  Hall.  Will  you  let  me  have  a  line 
to  say  whether  this  change  will  suit  you,  or  if  not,  what  other 
day  and  hour  (naming  several,)  will.  I  hope  you  and  the 
young  ladies  enjoyed  the  Temple  Church." 

"Mr.  Allingham  we  knew  was  a  poet  and  that  was  all. 
He  questioned  us,  especially  the  girls,  about  literary  matters 
on  which  we  were  particularly  ignorant ;  and  we  were  mortified 
to  be  obliged  to  confess.  But  afterwards  he  proved  very 
genial  and  gave  us  much  valuable  information.  Mr.  Conway 
has  since  told  us  that  he  is  a  friend  of  Tennyson's  and  one  of 
Carlyle's  companions." 

"6th  mo.,  27th.  Mr.  Allingham  came  to  see  us.  After 
dinner,  we  had  a  feast  of  strawberries,  of  our  own  providing. 
He  is  a  bachelor  of  about  thirty-five.  He  told  us  a  great  deal 
about  Carlyle,  Browning,  Dickens  and  Tennyson,  and  invited 
us  all  to  be  his  guests  for  tea  at  the  Kensington  Museum  next 
7th  day  evening.  Isn't  that  English.?  They  can't  go  any- 
where or  do  anything  but  they  must  eat  and  drink. 

"In  the  afternoon  Clara,  Mary  and  I  went  to  the  House 
of  Commons,  where  the  talisman  of  Tom  Hughes'  name 
(everybody  calls  him  *Tom')  opened  to  us  the  door  of  a  dark 
cubby-hole  at  the  top  of  the  House,  where  is  room  for  forty 
or  fifty  women  to  look  down  on  the  Legislators,  through  a 
heavy  grating,  and  hear  as  much  of  the  speaking  as  they  can. 
We  heard  them  on  the  land  question. 

[11] 


"Thursday  afternoon,  Mr.  Hughes  himself  was  kind  enough 
to  escort  us  over  the  Parliament  House.  He  gave  us  a  peep 
into  the  House  of  Lords  where  the  Royal  High  Commission 
was  sitting  to  give  the  Royal  assent  to  bills  which  had  passed 
the  Houses.  The  Lord  High  Chancellor  sat  in  front  of  the 
throne,  and  opposite  him  stood  the  speaker  of  the  House  of 
Commons.  A  clerk  would  announce  the  bill,  the  Chancellor 
would  give  the  Royal  assent  and  another  clerk  would  say, 
■'La  reine  le  veut.'  Lillie  asked  Mr.  Hughes,  'Why  do  they 
announce  the  assent  in  French?'  and  he  said,  'Why  they  did 
so  in  the  days  of  the  Plantagenets  and  we  never  change  any- 
thing.' We  were  at  the  entrance  to  the  Hall  which  the  Lords 
pass  through  on  the  way  to  their  House,  and  Lillie  asked,  '  Is 
that  a  real,  live  Lord.?'  Mr.  H.  replied,  'I  think  so,  he  looks 
foolish  enough.' 

"Then  we  went  to  the  door  of  the  House  of  Commons  and 
heard  Gladstone  speak.  He  is  older  looking  than  I  thought 
and  did  not  come  up  to  my  imagination,  which  had  pictured 
him  as  very  noble  looking." 

Mrs.  Chace  was  a  delegate  to  the  Prison  Congress  held  that 
summer  in  London.  Much  allusion  to  her  official  connection 
with  this  Congress  can  be  found  in  both  print  and  manuscript, 
yet,  oddly  enough,  neither  written  word  nor  the  recollection 
of  any  person  who  has  been  consulted  furnishes  positive  evi- 
dence what  body  she  there  represented  as  delegate.  Probably, 
however,  she  was  chosen  in  virtue,  not  only  of  her  character, 
but  of  her  membership  in  the  Rhode  Island  Board  of  Lady 
Visitors. 

"7th  mo.,  7th.  Fourth-day  morning  the  Prison  Congress 
commenced  with  the  Earl  of  Carnarvon  as  chairman  and  Lord 
this  and  Sir  that  and  the  other  as  speakers,  and  having  started 
with  eclat,  it  went  to  work  the  next  morning  in  earnest,  with 

[12] 


Dr.  Wines  of  New  York  as  temporary  chairman,  and  with  a 
program  all  laid  out  b}'  the  executive  committee.  Russia, 
Germany,  Austria,  Holland,  Belgium  and  France  have  their 
representatives,  as  well  as  most  of  the  northern  and  middle 
states  of  our  Union,  and  various  societies  in  England.  All 
men  from  the  continent;  a  few  women  from  the  societies  in 
England  and  nine  women  delegates  from  America. 

"Only  delegates  can  take  any  part  in  the  proceedings  and 
no  others  can  get  in  at  all  except  by  tickets  obtained  either 
by  favor  to  the  delegates  for  their  friends,  or  by  the  payment 
of  one  guinea,  except  correspondents  of  newspapers.  Most 
of  the  continental  delegates  speak  in  French  and  then  it  is 
translated  into  English;  one  or  two  in  German,  and  then  it 
is  translated  into  French  and  English.  The  European  dele- 
gates are  thoughtful,  earnest,  enlightened  men,  far  in  advance 
of  the  Englishmen  intellectually  and  in  their  ideas  of  the 
treatment  of  prisoners.  We  have  had  two  very  exciting  de- 
bates on  the  use  of  corporal  punishment  in  prisons ;  in  which 
the  Englishmen  with  one  exception  defended  it  and  claimed 
that  it  was  indispensable ;  the  Europeans  with  one  exception, 
declared  against  it  and  the  few  Americans  who  spoke  were  also 
against.  Some  of  us  women  were  terribly  stirred  by  the  in- 
human assertions  of  the  English ;  Mrs.  Lucas,  Mrs.  Howe, 
myself  and  some  others.  I  said  a  few  words,  Mrs.  Howe  spoke 
better  than  I  ever  heard  her,  equal  to  Mrs.  Livermore,  in  her 
handling  of  a  flogging  English  prison  governor  of  thirty 
years'  standing.  We  were  cheered  by  the  foreigners  tremen- 
dously and  by  all  good  Englishmen  and  women  and  our  folks. 
And  we  made  many  friends  among  the  foreigners.  One  gentle- 
man from  Belgium,  whose  speeches  particularly  please  us, 
shakes  hands  with  me  and  talks  to  me  in  the  most  enthusiastic 
manner,  in  French;  to  which  I  can  only  smile  in  reply,  and 
when  I  said,  'Can  you  speak  English.'"  he  replied,  'Ver  poor! 


ver  poor!'  " 


[13] 


In  her  Reminiscences  Julia  Ward  Howe  says  : 

"As  well  as  I  can  remember,  each  day  of  the  Congress  had 
its  own  president,  and  not  the  least  interesting  of  these  days 
was  that  on  which  Cardinal  Manning  presided.  I  remember 
well  his  domed  forehead  and  pale,  transparent  complexion, 
telling  unmistakably  of  his  ascetic  life.  He  was  obviously 
much  interested  in  Prison  Reform,  and  well  cognizant  of  its 
progress.  .  . .  At  this  meeting,  the  question  of  flogging  prison- 
ers came  up,  and  a  rather  brutal  jailor  of  the  old  school  told 
an  anecdote  of  a  refractor}^  prisoner  who  had  been  easily 
reduced  to  obedience  by  this  summary  method.  His  rough 
words  stirred  my  heart  within  me.  I  felt  that  I  must  speak ; 
and  Mrs.  Chace  kindly  arose,  and  said  to  the  presiding  officer, 
*I  beg  that  Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe,  of  Boston,  may  be  heard 
before  this  debate  is  closed.'  Leave  being  given,  I  stood  up 
and  said  my  say,  arguing  earnestly  that  no  man  could  be  made 
better  by  being  degraded." 

"7th  mo.,  7th.  Yesterday  morning,  the  chairman  (an 
Englishman)  announced  that  Mr.  Thomas  Bruce,  Home  Sec- 
retary of  Her  Majesty's  Government,  would  come  in  and 
address  the  Congress ;  which  announcement  was  received  with 
applause.  After  a  while,  he  announced  that  he  [the  Home 
Secretary]  was  now  in  the  Ante-room  and  would  soon  come 
in.  After  another  while,  he  entered  amid  more  applause,  and 
then  he  spoke,  assuring  us  that  Her  Majesty's  Government, 
although  it  decided  to  take  no  direct  part  in  this  affair, 
because  it  was  not  the  custom,  still  was  not  indifferent  to  its 
proceedings  but  watched  them  with  interest,  and  was  ready 
to  afford  every  facility  to  give  us  information,  etc.,  etc.  The 
chairman  followed  in  great  thankfulness,  for  this  condescen- 
sion on  the  part  of  Her  Majesty's  Government,  and  soon 
announced  that  the  Home  Secretary  would  now  retire,  the 
people  mostly  rising  and  standing  as  he  did  so.     I  did  not ; 

[14] 


some  other  Americans  did  not  but  I  think  some  did.  Yester- 
day at  the  close  of  the  afternoon  session,  Dr.  Wines  requested 
the  American  delegates  to  withdraw  to  a  corner,  so  we  did, 
only  two  women,  Mrs.  Howe  and  myself,  being  then  present. 
Then  he  stated  that  on  Tuesday  evening  next,  all  the  foreign 
delegates  are  invited  to  a  soiree  in  the  Hall,  where  in  addition 
to  the  usual  social  enjoj'ment,  the  Prince  of  Wales  is  to  come 
to  receive  the  introductions  of  the  foreign  delegates.  'Of 
course,'  said  Dr.  Wines,  'all  the  American  delegates  cannot 
be  introduced  to  His  Royal  Highness,  and  what  I  have  to 
propose  is,  that  the  delegates  should  select  ten  of  their  num- 
ber to  be  presented  to  His  Royal  Highness,'  A  man  who 
stood  behind  me,  with  a  frank,  honest  face,  said  bluntly,  'You 
may  strike  my  name  off,  to  begin  with,'  and  something  like 
'I  don't  want  anything  of  Princes.' 

"Then  Aaron  Powell  said  he  should  like  to  be  left  off.  It 
was  decided  that  Dr.  W^ines  and  two  others  should  pick  out 
the  ten.  We  were  all  previously  engaged  for  that  evening, 
so  I  said  nothing." 

"I  went  all  day  to  the  [Prison]  Congress,  and  then  went 
home  to  dress  for  the  party  at  Mrs.  McLaren's.  I  wore  my 
brown  silk,  (of  which  I  had  fortunately  brought  the  two  or 
three  yards  I  had  left,  with  which,  and  some  fringe,  a  London 
dressmaker  made  it  from  a  plain,  to  a  handsomely  trimmed, 
gown,)  and  the  head-dress  I  wore  at  your  wedding. 

"We  were  met  by  a  gentleman  waiter  who  delivered  us  over 
to  two  handmaidens.  As  soon  as  we  had  put  off  our  shawls, 
we  were  asked  would  we  take  tea  or  coffee. 

"A  waiter  preceded  us  to  the  drawing-room  and  announced 
'Mrs.  Chace  and  daughters.'  Mrs.  Lucas  then  introduced 
me  to  her  sister  Mrs.  McLaren.  The  rooms  were  soon  quite 
filled.  It  is  not  customary  to  introduce  people  much,  but 
Mrs.  Lucas  and  her  sister  took  great  pains  to  introduce  us. 

"I  had  most  conversation  with  a  Mr.  Shane,  a  lawyer,  who 

[15] 


told  me  he  had  been  a  teetotaller  for  thirty  years.  He  is  a 
republican  and  sick  of  all  this  homage  to  Royalty. 

"After  supper,  Mrs.  McLaren  called  the  company  to  order 
and  introduced  Mrs.  Howe,  who  spoke  very  nicely  on  'Peace.* 
The  girls  had  a  deal  of  fun  at  not  always  being  able  to  dis- 
tinguish the  elegantly  dressed  young  men  who  were  waiters 
from  the  equally  elegantly  dressed  young  men  who  were 
guests. 

"Lillie  got  acquainted  with  Mrs.  Justin  McCarthy,  who 
invited  us  to  tea  the  next  evening. 

"The  young  gentlemen  (not  waiters)  attended  us  to  cabs 
and  we  went  home. 

"That  was  the  evening  when  the  Prison  Congress  had  a 
soiree,  at  Middle  Temple  Hall,  where  was  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  we  had  thought  some  of  leaving  Mrs.  McLaren's  early, 
and  looking  in  on  it,  but  there  were  some  things  about  it 
which  disgusted  us  and  we  wouldn't  go.  The  truth  is,  the 
Prison  Congress  is  a  grand  affair  and  will  do  a  world  of  good, 
but  there  has  been  an  awful  sight  of  toadying  in  connection 
with  it.  Most  of  the  European  delegates  are  Counts  and 
Barons  and  altogether  a  good  many  folks  have  made  fools 
of  themselves  one  way  or  another." 

"Everybody  seems  to  like  the  girls,  and  I  have  not  been 
ashamed  of  them  anywhere.  For  my  part,  I  am  content  to 
be  known  always,  as  what  I  am,  a  plain  American  woman." 

"The  next  morning  I  got  up  early.  I  had  been  promised 
that  the  question  of  women's  work  in  prisons  should  come  up 
on  Friday,  and  I  should  have  a  chance  to  present  the  ques- 
tion of  appointing  women  on  the  Boards  of  Inspectors,  so  I 
had  a  paper  to  finish  and  thought  I'd  better  do  it  that  morn- 
ing and  get  it  off  my  mind.  So  I  wrote  it  all  to  my  satisfac- 
tion and  went,  rather  late,  to  the  morning  meeting  where  they 
were  discussing  Juvenile   Reformatories.     Just  before   the 

[16] 


recess,  the  Chairman  announced  that  the  afternoon  would  be 
spent  in  reading  reports  from  the  Committees,  on  the  discus- 
sions of  the  last  two  days ;  that  on  Thursday  and  Friday  the 
Congress  would  divide  into  three  sections,  one  to  be  held  at 
one  place  for  the  German  and  French  members,  who  would 
speak  in  their  own  languages,  one  in  another  place  for  English 
and  Americans  to  discuss  comparative  merits  of  different 
penitentiary  and  jail  systems,  and  one  in  another  place  under 
the  direction  of  Miss  Carpenter  to  discuss  Woman's  work. 
I  was  in  despair;  because  this  would  shut  out  my  paper  which 
was  especially  for  men  to  hear.  So,  at  the  recess,  I  told  a 
Liverpool  magistrate  what  I  wanted  to  do ;  and  he  said  he 
would  help  me.  So  he  went  and  talked  with  Mr.  Hastings, 
who  is  a  great  man  here;  then  brought  him  and  introduced 
him  to  me  and  told  him  how  I  had  crossed  the  ocean  with  this 
burden  on  my  conscience  and  that  I  could  not  go  away  satis- 
fied, unless  I  had  an  opportunity  to  lay  it  before  the  Congress ; 
that  I  did  not  wish  to  go  to  a  Women's  meeting  with  it.  What 
I  had  to  say  was  to  be  said  to  the  men.  He  (Mr.  Hastings) 
said  that  he  would  see  that  I  had  a  chance  that  afternoon, 
and  the  Liverpool  gentleman  said  he  would  look  out  for  it. 
So  when  the  meeting  opened  with  the  Baron  something  in  the 
chair,  they  both  went  to  him  and  he  promised  that  as  soon  as 
the  reports  were  all  read,  he  would  call  for  me.  Mrs.  Howe 
and  two  or  three  other  women  and  I  sat  together  and  waited. 
Mrs.  Lucas,  expecting  it  on  Friday,  had  stayed  away.  The 
trouble  about  doing  any  such  thing  is,  that  the  work  is  all  laid 
out  beforehand  for  every  hour  of  each  day  and  there  are  a 
great  many  speakers  and  they  are  very  unwilling  to  change 
anything.  But,  when  the  time  came,  the  Baron  called  for  my 
paper  very  handsomely,  and  I  went  up  on  the  platform  and 
read  it  as  well  as  I  could.  They  had  made  it  a  rule  that 
there  should  be  no  speaking  that  afternoon,  only  reading, 
so    Mrs.    Howe,    who    would    have    spoken    after    me,    and 

[17] 


Aaron  Powell  could  not  say  a  word;  but  when  the  Congress 
adjourned  a  great  many  came  and  spoke  to  me,  in  approval 
of  the  idea,  among  them  a  big  English  judge,  a  foreign  count, 
and  most  all  the  women  present.  My  mind  was  freed  and  I 
went  home,  changed  my  dress,  and  Lillie,  Mary  and  I  went 
to  Justin  McCarthy's  tea." 

Justin  McCarthy  and  his  wife  had  recently  been  in  America, 
where  they  knew  Marcus  and  Rebecca  Spring,  and  it  was  in 
consequence  of  this  acquaintance  that  they  entertained  the 
Chace  party.  Mr.  McCarthy  was  a  blond,  handsome  and 
very  agreeable  man.  He  was  interested  to  know  what  impres- 
sion had  been  made  on  the  travelers  by  their  journey  through 
Ireland.  They  told  him  of  their  talks  with  the  peasantry, 
and  that  it  seemed  to  them  that  there  was  great  poverty  and 
discontent  among  them.  Though  an  Irishman,  he  had  not 
himself  been  in  Ireland  for  many  years.  His  politics  were 
rather  revolutionary  and  he  listened  eagerly  to  the  account 
given  by  the  Americans,  who  were  all  sympathizers  with 
the  movement  to  obtain  Home  Rule.  An  Englishman  who 
was  present  at  the  table  confirmed  the  statements  made  by 
Mrs.  Chace  and  her  daughter;  he  said,  "I  was  in  Ireland  last 
year,  and  it  seemed  to  me  the  most  profoundly  disaffected 
country  that  I  was  ever  in." 

The  question  of  the  English  policy  towards  Ireland  never 
after  this  season  came  very  close  to  Mrs.  Chace's  considera- 
tion, but  she  retained  the  ideas  which  she  then  received,  and 
in  later  time,  she  rejoiced  enthusiastically  when  Gladstone 
joined  the  Home  Rulers.  She  always  admired  Gladstone, 
never  appearing  to  be  much  influenced  against  him  by  the 
recollection  of  his  antagonistic  attitude  towards  the  United 
States  during  our  Civil  War. 

"Miss  Carpenter  came  in  the  afternoon  and  told  me  that 
in  their  woman's  meeting,  they  took  up  my  subject  and  passed 

[18] 


a  resolution  of  endorsement  and  recommended  the  official 
appointment  of  women." 

In  his  Autobiography,  Moncure  Daniel  Conway  says : 

''In  that  same  month  [July,  1872]  Elizabeth  Chace  of 
Rhode  Island  and  Julia  Ward  Howe,  delegates  from  America 
to  a  Prison  Congress  in  London,  summoned  a  peace  congress." 

I  can  give  little  data  additional  to  that  in  the  foregoing 
paragraph,  and  am  inclined  to  think  that  although  Mrs.  Chace 
was  deeply  sj'^mpathetic  and  somewhat  cooperative  with 
Mrs.  Howe's  Peace  Mission,  Mr.  Conway  has  amiably  over- 
stated her  direct  agency  in  summoning  a  Peace  Congress  to 
meet  in  London. 

"In  the  evening  we  went  b}'^  special  request  to  spend  an 
hour  or  two  at  P.  A.  Taylor's,  at  Notting  Hill.  There  we 
met  Mr.  Shane  again.  They  are  all  republicans.  When 
we  were  talking  of  the  soiree,  where  the  delegates  were  intro- 
duced to  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Mr.  Taylor  said:  'We  wouldn't 
condescend  to  be  introduced  to  him.  He's  a  very  ordinary 
young  man.  I  am  surprised  how  the  Americans  run  after 
royalty.'  " 

"Yesterday,  as  my  mind  was  freed  of  the  Congress,  and 
as  I  didn't  mean  to  go  to  the  great  dinner  to  be  given  to  the 
foreign  delegates,  which,  I  had  no  doubt,  would  be  a  ver}' 
wine-drinking,  snobbish  affair,  we  left  London  on  the  twelve 
o'clock  train  and  came  to  York.  After  we  took  our  seats  in 
the  car,  who  should  appear  at  the  door  but  dear  Mrs.  Lucas, 
who  had  come  all  the  way  to  the  King's  Cross  Station  to  see 
us  off,  and  to  bring  us  two  baskets  of  fruit  to  eat  with  our 
luncheon.    She  and  I  have  had  very  good  times  together." 

Soon  after  leaving  London,  Mrs.  Chace's  party  went  to 
Leeds.     Everywhere    in    all    Great    Britain    the    letters    of 

[19] 


Mr.  Garrison  and  his  son  Frank  prepared  the  path  and  made 
it  charming  to  the  travelers.  They  took  to  Leeds,  letters  to 
the  family  of  Mr.  Barran,  the  Mayor  of  the  city,  and  to 
Joseph  Lupton,  one  of  the  English  Abolitionists  who  had  long 
helped  to  support  the  Liberator. 

Robert  Collyer,  shortly  before  Mrs.  Chace  left  America, 
had  insisted  to  LilHe  that  the  party  should  see  his  mother  in 
Leeds.  Mr.  Lupton  drove  with  them  to  call  on  the  fine  old 
woman,  who  said  contentedly,  "Robert  is  a  son  no  mother 
need  be  ashamed  of." 

Mrs.  Chace  called  on  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  Thompson,  but 
found  that  he  was  away  from  home.  It  was  with  stronger 
desire  to  see  him  than  anybody  else  that  Mrs.  Chace  had  come 
to  Leeds.  Mr.  Lupton  was  a  man  ready  to  act !  He  tele- 
graphed to  Mr.  Thompson,  who  responded  in  a  few  hours  by 
bringing  his  beloved  and  beautiful  presence  into  the  companj' 
of  the  Americans ;  and  they  gladly  met  the  old  man  who  had 
served  two  nations  with  perfect  loyalty  to  the  best  interests 
of  each. 

He  went  with  Mr.  Lupton  and  Mrs.  Chace's  party  to  the 
Barrans'.  At  the  supper  table,  he  said,  "When  I  was  in 
Boston  in  the  winter  of  1850—51,  we  used  to  pass  evenings 
together  at  Mrs.  Chapman's, — Garrison,  Phillips,  Mrs.  Chap- 
man and  I,  each  of  us  trying  to  say  something  wittier  and  to 
tell  a  better  story  than  the  others  did.  I  can  imagine  no  social 
enjoyment  in  Heaven  that  would  be  more  perfect  than  were 
those  evenings." 

"Edinburgh,  7th  mo.,  26,  1872.  We  explored  Holy-rood 
and  all  the  time  we  were  in  Queen  Mary's  rooms,  an  uncon- 
trollable spirit  of  sadness  overpowered  me,  so  I  wanted  to 
cry. 

"We  went  into  the  Chapel,  and  the  keeper  let  a  boy  climb 
up  and  get  me  some  ivy  leaves  from  the  window  under  which 

[20] 


poor  Mary  pledged  her  troth  to  Darnley.  When  he  brought 
them  to  me,  and  I  thanked  him  heartily,  he  said,  'Now  you 
won't  send  soldiers  over  here  to  thrash  us,  will  you?'  I  said, 
'No,  and  I  never  wanted  to.  I  d^n't  approve  of  the  "indirect 
claims."  '  " 

Mrs.  Nichols  was  the  Elizabeth  Pease  who  had  been  the 
friend  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wendell  Phillips  and  William  Lloj'd 
Garrison  since  the  World's  Anti-Slavery  Convention  in  1840. 
She  called  on  Mrs.  Chace,  who  described  her  as  a  pleasant, 
fair-faced  woman  about  her  own  age. 

"I  really  think  there  is  among  cultivated  English  people 
who  are  content  with  their  sj'^stem,  and  have  not  been  in 
America,  a  good  deal  of  contempt  for  Americans.  I  believe 
they  regard  us  very  much  as  we  used  to  the  'down  Easters' 
frorn  Maine.  In  the  Prison  Congress  the  American  gentle- 
men who  were  delegates  did  not  receive  a  quarter  of  the 
courtesy  shown  to  English  and  Continental  delegates ;  except 
Mr.  Chandler,  ex-member  of  Congress  from  Pennsylvania, 
and  Dr.  Wines,  who  was  the  originator  of  the  Congress  itself. 
Mrs.  Howe  and  I  were  only  permitted  to  speak  because  we 
were  women,  and  our  speaking  was  a  sort  of  curiosity.  Mrs. 
Lucas  seemed  to  me,  while  I  was  in  London,  the  most  thor- 
oughly American  of  any  woman  I  saw  there.  But  the  thou- 
sands of  weak-minded,  unprincipled  Americans,  who  come  over 
here  to  make  a  show,  will  carry  home  a  deal  of  rubbish,  where- 
with to  belittle  our  American  life." 

Mrs.  Chace's  enjoyment  in  Scotland  was  especially  keen 
and  sweet.  Everything  recalled  to  her  the  poetry  and  romance 
which  she  had  read  in  her  youth,  before  she  became  a  reformer, 
and  when  her  spirit  had  felt  Quakerism  to  be  a  hindrance  to 
its  free  movement,  only  in  such  an  hour  as  that  in  which  she 
watched  her  father  read  the  novel,  the  further  perusal  of 

[  21  ] 


which  she  feared  he  might  forbid  to  her.    There  was  no  one 
now,  in  the  world,  to  forbid  anything  to  her  fancy  or  desire. 

"Oban,  8th  mo.,  1.  We  sailed  up  the  river  Clyde,  amid 
most  lovely  scenery.  The  steamer  stopped  often  and  took 
on  many  people.  It  seems  as  though  nobody  stays  at  home 
in  this  country  except  the  poor.  The  rich  nobility  have  so 
many  estates  they  do  not  seem  to  have  real  homes  anywhere; 
and  they  just  move  about  all  the  time  from  one  place  to 
another. 

"We  left  the  Clyde  river  and  entered  the  Crinan  Canal  on 
a  little  steamer;  sailing  nine  miles  and  passing  fifteen  locks. 
Little  girls  ran  from  lock  to  lock  with  cans  of  milk  which  they 
sold  us,  at  a  penny  a  glassful. 

"Every  spot  along  the  banks  is  so  rich  with  the  associations 
of  song  and  story  that  we  were  constantly  enraptured.  After 
leaving  the  canal  we  took  steamer  and  sailed  along  the  coast 
between  islands  to  Oban.  We  are  now  in  a  hotel  on  the  top 
of  a  rocky  clifF  overlooking  the  sea. 

"We  intended  to  go  to  Staifa  and  lona  today,  but  I  was 
lame  and  Lillie  tired,  and  so  I  decided  that  /  and  Lillie 
couldn't  go,  and  if  we  didn't  that  I  could  not  have  Mary  go. 
Anne  Vernon  and  Clara  went  this  morning.  Mary  is  disap- 
pointed; Lillie  is  calm,  as  she  is  used  to  sacrifice,  and  I  am 
sorry  all  round.  So  here,  in  'the  heart  of  the  Highlands,' 
we  rest  and  wait. 

"We  took  the  boat  Chevalier  for  the  head  of  the  Caledonian 
Canal.  We  had  the  Marquis  and  Marchioness  of  Anglesey 
for  fellow  passengers  ;  she  is  a  soft-eyed  woman  with  the  lovely 
yellow  hair  so  common  in  this  country  and  so  uncommon  in 
ours.  She  appeared  like  a  sweet,  sensible  person.  We  had 
on  board  also  the  Bishop  of  Edinburgh  and  his  wife,  and  a 
company  of  volunteer  soldiers.  The  Captain  told  us  they 
were  quarry  men  from  Glencoe,  and  were  the  descendants  of 
the  men  who  fell  there  in  the  great  massacre.    They  were  in 

[  22  ] 


Highland  costume  and  several  of  them  were  quite  drunk. 
People  here  do  not  seem  to  think  any  the  worse  of  a  man  for 
being  drunk,  if  he  onW  keeps  pretty  quiet. 

"Our  sail  through  the  Caledonian  Canal  I  can  do  no  justice 
to !  Ben  Cruachan  towered  up  with  its  two  peaks  in  the  dis- 
tance where  it  has  not  fallen  'to  crush  Kilchurn.'  The  lovely 
heather  charms  me  beyond  any  flower  I  ever  saw  in  wildness. 
All  along  are  dropped  the  cottages  of  the  peasantry,  not  on 
roads  or  in  neighborhoods,  but  separate,  one  in  a  place,  some 
of  them  very  near  the  tops  of  the  mountains.  How  the  people 
living  in  them  get  what  we  call '  comforts ' ;  how  they  live  with 
no  more  intercourse  with  their  kind  than  this  life  affords,  and 
where  the  children  go  to  school  were  questions  which  disturbed 
my  meditations. 

"I  made  acquaintance  with  the  Bishop  and  his  lady  wife. 
They  told  me  much  of  the  life  among  the  natives  of  the  Cape 
of  Good  Hope  where  he  was  Bishop  once. 

"We  took  train  the  next  morning  from  Inverness  and  rode 
through  the  district  of  the  'Grampian  hills,'  where  Nerval's 
'father  fed  his  flocks.' 

"Lillie,  Mary  and  I  went  to  see  Mrs.  Nichols  after  dinner 
and  spent  two  hours.  Met  there  Miss  Estlin  of  Bristol  and 
Dr.  John  Brown,  author  of  'Rab  and  His  Friends.'  " 

Dr.  Brown  was  an  attractive  man,  but  he  acted  as  though 
he  could  not  think  of  much  to  say,  until  at  last,  reflecting 
upon  the  fact  that  Mrs.  Nichols'  visitors  were  Rhode  Island- 
ers, a  conversational  idea  seemed  to  come  to  him,  and  he  said: 
"A  Rhode  Island  man  once  sent  me  a  book  which  he  had 
written.  I  can't  think  of  his  name ;  it  was  a  queer  name,  and 
was  part  of  the  book's  title.  Let  me  see,  what  was  it? — Oh 
yes,  I  have  it.    Chance, —  that  Avas  it ;  'Chance  on  the  Will.'  " 

The  Americans  cried  out,  "Hazard!  Rowland  Hazard; — 
'Hazard  on  the  Will!'" 

[23] 


"London,  Sth  mo.,  10th.  William  Bradford  spent  last 
evening  with  us.  He  is  riding  on  a  high  wave  here  and  I  think 
he  bears  himself  well.  The  Marquis  of  Lome  and  his  brother 
are  very  friendly  with  him.  The  Marquis  invited  him  to  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  where  the  Royal  family  are  staying.  The 
Marquis  and  Princess  Louise  received  him  and  were  very 
gracious  to  him.  He  was  asked  to  stay  to  lunch,  but  declined. 
When  we  asked  him  why,  he  said  he  'didn't  want  to  go  too 
far.'  He  is  preparing  a  book  of  photographs  [of  Arctic 
scenery]  which  he  is  going  to  publish,  and  the  Queen  has  con- 
descended to  subscribe  for  a  copy.  Into  hers,  he  is  going  to 
insert  a  small  painting.  He  is  invited  to  spend  a  week  at  the 
Castle  of  the  Duke  of  Arg^de,  and  he  is  going. 

"Mr.  Stanley  is  at  the  Langham,  and  very  popular,  since 
the  British  have  concluded  he  is  not  an  impostor,  which  they 
were  very  slow  in  doing.  Bradford  gave  him  a  breakfast  a 
few  days  ago. 

"I  am  getting  quite  interested  in  British  politics.  And 
what  about  politics  at  home.^  We  snatch  at  every  item  of 
intelligence.  What  a  heavy  load  Grant  has  become  for  the 
Republican  party  to  carry !  And  then  Greeley  and  the  Demo- 
cra.ts  !  Does  thee  believe  he  has  pledged  himself  to  carry  out 
their  plans  of  paying  the  Rebel  war  debt  and  pensioning  the 
Rebel  widows  .'* 

"If  I  were  a  man,  I  don't  know  what  I  should  do.  But  I 
have  about  made  up  my  mind  that  I  should  not  vote  for  Grant. 
I  think  that  the  idea  is  a  bad  one  that  military  success  is  a 
qualification  for  the  presidency.  Do  write  me  what  thee 
thinks.  Read  both  sides,  and  come  to  a  rational  and  con- 
scientious judgment.  Clara's  father  writes  strongly  in  favor 
of  Greeley.  Frank  Garrison  says  Greeley's  sale  of  himself 
to  the  Democrats  is  shameful.  Sidney  H.  Morse  looks  on 
from  the  outside  and  calmly  smiles  at  the  whole.  Mr.  Chene}' 
has  not  expressed  himself  to  us  about  it.     But  I'm  a  little 

[24] 


uneasy  about  him,  lest  he  is  carried  away  by  the  popular  voice 
in  Massachusetts,  and  goes  for  Grant  with  all  his  might.  So 
I'm  going  to  write  and  caution  him.  I  don't  want  any  of  my 
boys  to  go  wrong." 

In  other  letters  referring  to  home  politics  Mrs.  Chace  ex- 
pressed much  faith  in  Mr.  Phillips'  "statesmanship."  She 
spoke  of  reading  Mr.  Garrison's  articles  on  the  situation  as 
though  she  gave  a  deferential  consideration  to  everything 
he  thought;  but  as  to  Sumner,  she  felt  that,  no  matter  what 
he  said  or  did,  he,  himself,  should  be  spoken  of  and  treated 
with  "great  tenderness." 

Her  feeling  about  Sumner  was  the  same  as  that  of  many 
persons  in  her  generation,  who  always  remembered  when  they 
thought  of  him,  not  only  his  long  service  to  freedom,  but  the 
fact  that  from  the  time  of  the  assault  upon  him  by  Brooks, 
he  was  in  almost  constant  suffering  and  that  he  was  in  the 
truest  sense  of  the  words  a  living  martyr. 


[25] 


CHAPTER   EIGHTEENTH 

EuRorEAN  ExPERiEXCEs;  Correspondence  with  Arnold 

BuFFUM  Chace  Continued;  Other  Letters;  Sails 

FOR  Home  September,  1873 

MRS.  CHACE  crossed  the  English,  channel  from  Folke- 
stone to  Boulogne  on  August  14th,  and  although  she 
did  not  know  it  till  a  fortnight  later,  on  that  day  her  first 
grandchild  was  born. 

She  proceeded  directly  to  Paris. 

"  8th  mo.,  1872.  Last  Tuesday  morning  we  hired  a  carriage 
for  the  day  for  Ecouen  to  visit  Mr.  Champney  [James  Wells 
Champney].  It  was  a  lovely  day  and  we  drove  out  into  the 
country  through  one  or  two  suburbs.  When  we  approached 
Ecouen  we  found  our  friend  waiting  for  us  just  outside  the 
village.  He  jumped  into  our  carriage,  and  took  us  to  his 
studio.  It  is  a  large,  high  room,  in  an  old  house  which, 
until  this  year,  has  been  the  residence  of  his  master,  the 
distinguished  interpreter  of  peasant  life,  Edouard  Frere. 
Mr.  Champney  has  the  sketches  for  a  good  many  fine  little 
pictures.  He  uses  the  people  of  Ecouen  in  their  funny  cos- 
tumes for  his  models.  He  rode  with  us  round  the  village. 
It  was  the  day  of  conscription  for  the  Army,  so  there  was  a 
good  deal  of  stir,  flying  of  colors  and  much  drinking.  Ten 
poor  boys  had  been  drawn  that  day.  Then  he  took  us  to 
Monsieur  Frere's,  a  lovely  new  house  on  a  hill,  surrounded 
by  a  nice  garden,  and  introduced  us  to  the  great  artist  and 
his  wife.  They  are  about  sixty,  and  seem  like  a  very  happy, 
loving  pair.  She  is  very  proud  of  him.  The  house  is  deco- 
rated with  the  studies  of  the  paintings  he  has  sold.    We  were 

[26] 


admitted  to  the  studio,  and  enjoyed  his  beautiful  pictures 
exceedingly.  They  are  all  scenes  in  peasant  life,  the  figures 
small.  We  were  shown,  what  Mr.  Champney  said  was  a  rare 
treat,  two  volumes  of  pencil  drawings  of  his  paintings.  He 
has  one  of  every  painting  he  has  made.  Then  we  were  per- 
mitted (of  course,  as  a  favor  to  Mr.  Champney,  who  is  evi- 
dently a  great  favorite  with  them,)  to  see  the  cross  of  the 
Legion  of  Honor,  presented  to  M.  Frere  by  Napoleon;  also 
several  gold  medals  from  various  societies.  It  was  a  charm- 
ing visit,  and  one  we  shall  long  remember.  Then  we  went  to 
the  studio  of  Mr.  Schenck,  a  German  animal  painter,  where 
we  were  delighted  with  the  pictures." 

The  party  stayed  only  a  week,  this  time,  in  Paris,  but 
although  it  was  to  all  of  them  a  hitherto  unvisited  city,  it  did 
not  seem  like  an  abode  of  strangers.  Mr.  Champney  had  been 
a  friend  since  the  year  he  came  back  from  service  in  the  Union 
Army.  They  rejoiced  to  see  the  promise  of  his  genius  now 
fulfilling  itself.  "Is  he  going  to  become  an  artist.-"'  asked 
Miss  Buffum,  who  then  met  him  for  the  first  time.  "He  is  an 
artist,"  proudly  replied  his  older  acquaintance. 

Mrs.  Chace's  brother  William  with  his  wife  Marian  were 
in  the  city,  and  the  much  separated  sister  and  brother  re- 
joiced to  be  together  again.  Herbert,  the  younger  son  of 
Marcus  and  Rebecca  Spring,  was  there  too.  And  in  the  great, 
sad  garden  of  Pere  la  Chaise,  was  the  grave  of  him  who  had 
been  "the  baby"  in  Arnold  Buffum's  home.  Mrs.  Chace  and 
her  daughters  made  their  reverential  pilgrimage  to  the  rest- 
ing place  of  their  kinsman,  and  Lillie  left  a  pot  of  forget-me- 
nots  to  bloom  and,  alas,  to  perish  on  the  marble  slab. 

"Basle,  9th  mo.,  2nd,  1872. 
"My  dear  fatherly  boy: — 

"We  arrived  here  yesterday  and  found  thy  letters  announc- 
ing the  arrival  of  the  grandbaby.    Mary  is  quite  displeased 

[27] 


because  he  presumed  to  be  a  boy.  LilHe  is  at  this  moment 
embroidering  his  afghan  blanket  and  I  am  trying  to  realize 
the  wondrous  fact  that  I  am  a  grandmother !  I  hope  he  will 
live  and  grow  finely  until  we  get  home." 

It  is  to  be  presumed  that  Mrs.  Chace  did  not  desire  that 
the  baby  should  cease  to  live  or  even  to  grow  finely  after  her 
return  home ! 

"I  want  to  see  him  amazingly.  Keep  him  warm,  and  carry 
him  out  doors  every  day  when  it  is  pleasant." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Caroline  Bartlett  Brown 

"Lucerne,  9th  mo.,  Jfth.  To  neither  of  my  sisters  have  I 
written  one  word.  Somehow,  when  I  left  home,  it  seemed 
absolutely  necessary  that  I  should  leave  behind  me  as  nearly 
everything  which  had  for  forty  years  claimed  my  attention 
as  possible.  My  body  and  mind  needed  the  rest.  And  it  has 
done  me  good.  Whether  I  shall  ever  again  take  up  the  battle 
of  life  with  as  much  earnestness  as  I  have  done,  is,  in  my 
mind,  somewhat  uncertain.  But,  whether  I  do  or  not,  this 
change  has  already  done  something  for  me." 

"If  I  had  not  been  a  teetotaller  before,  I  think  I  should 
be  now,  so  disgusting  to  me  is  this  everlasting  drinking  of 
wine.  Americans  who  come  over  here  are  assailed  everywhere 
by  the  cry  that  the  water  is  unwholesome.  And  yet,  the  peo- 
ple who  drink  wine  here,  drink  nearly  as  much  [water]  as  we 
do,  for  the  wine  doesn't  quench  thirst.  I  cannot  help  think- 
ing that  drinking,  even  of  this  mild  stimulant,  does  lower  the 
moral  standard  of  the  people  of  these  countries^  does  keep 
the  women  in  their  degraded  condition,  and  does  foster 
licentiousness." 

Mrs.  Chace  very  much  enjoyed  her  sojourn  in  Switzerland ; 
she  ascended  the  Wengern  Alp  In  a  chair  carried  by  four 
porters,  went  up  the  Rigi  on  the  railroad,  which  was  then 

[28] 


MARGARET    BRIGHT    LUCAS 


new,  and  drove  from  Lucerne  to  Interlaken,  making  a  two 
days'  trip. 

She  was  rather  terrified  at  Chamouni  because  there  came 
a  heavy  snowstorm,  but  it  stopped  and  the  party  drove  down 
over  the  Tete  Noir. 

On  the  whole,  considering  her  age,  her  mountain  traveling 
showed  that  she  possessed  both  nerve  and  endurance. 

Margaeet  Lucas  to  Mrs.  Chace 
"Bath,  Sept.  26,  1872.  I  am  spending  a  few  weeks  with 
my  nieces  whom  you  met  in  London  that  memorable  evening. 
I  have  been  to  Plymouth,  the  place  from  whence  the  May- 
flower sailed  for  New  England.  The  Social  Science  Congress 
was  held  there,  and  it  was  a  busy  and  interesting  time. 
Plymouth,  Devonport  and  Stonehouse  are  three  towns  closely 
united  by  buildings  and  it  is  in  these  towns  that  those  dreadful 
Acts  are  established.  In  Devonport  are  large  barracks.  It 
has  been  a  memorable  time  to  us,  to  see  while  there  the  work- 
ing of  these  acts.  A'^ice  made  respectable.  We  held  two  meet- 
ings against  them  and  I  am  glad  to  say  made  some  impression. 
"I  have  an  invitation  from  my  nieces  for  you  to  come  here, 
and  when  I  told  my  brother  Jacob  of  thy  disappointment  in 
not  being  introduced  to  him,  he  hoped  you  might  meet  next 
spring. 

"Mr.  Sumner  is  on  this  side,  poor  man.  His  health  seems 
very  broken.  I  doubt  if  his  bitter  opposition  to  Grant  has 
gained  him  any  good." 

"Strasbourg,  10th  mo.,  27th.  We  left  Basle,  First-day 
morning  at  eleven  (we  don't  prefer  to  travel  on  First-day, 
but,  when  M^e  have  nothing  else  to  do,  we  often  find  it  con- 
venient, and  it  helps  us  forward  just  as  much  as  any  other 
day).  We  reached  Strasbourg  about  one  o'clock.  The  next 
morning  we  drove  to  the  fortifications,  over  which  the 
Prussian  Army  bombarded  this  doomed  city,  making  terrible 

[29] 


destruction..    Some  houses  are  spotted  all  over  with  patches, 
where  the  holes  made  by  cannon  balls  have  been  stopped  up. 

"As  we  were  riding  along  we  saw  some  people  passing.  The 
lady  turned  and  I  recognized  her  at  the  same  moment  that 
she  saw  me,  and  I  exclaimed,  'There's  Fanny  Garrison' 
[Villard].  Of  course  there  was  a  rush  and  great  rejoicing. 
They  are  staying  at  Baden-Baden,  and  had  come  to  Stras- 
bourg, where  Mr.  Villard  has  relatives,  to  spend  the  day. 
They  said  we  must  go  with  them  to  Baden-Baden  and  we 
have  decided  to  go.    Fanny  is  a  very  charming  woman. 

"I  have  had  a  little  talk  with  the  landlord  at  this  hotel, 
who  told  me  what  a  sad  time  it  was  during  the  siege,  which 
lasted  fifty  days.  He  said  there  was  great  suflfcring  among 
the  people.  I  said,  'Well,  you  like  now,  being  under  the 
German  Empire,  don't  you.'"  He  replied,  'No,  we  do  not  like 
it,  at  all.    We  hope  to  get  back  into  France  again.'  " 

"Dresden,  11  mo.,  3rd,  1872.  The  Jungfrau  is  a  beautiful 
sight !  Among  mountain  views,  it  is  with  me,  the  one  which 
by  itself,  stands  out  as  the  most  grand  and  impressive,  the 
one  which  took  deepest  hold  of  me.  The  ride  over  the  Tete 
Noir  has  much  of  solemn  grandeur  and  great  beauty  and 
interest.  But  the  Jungfrau  is  by  itself.  We  did  not  merely 
ride  by  it  and  pass  to  something  else;  but  we  sat  before  it, 
apparently  almost  within  reach  of  it,  and  gazed  in  rapt  aston- 
ishment on  it  alone.  I  want  everybody  to  sec  it.  I  carry  the 
picture  of  it  with  me  all  the  time,  and  frequently  turn  my 
eyes  in  and  gaze  on  it.    I  am  so  glad  to  have  seen  it. 

"I  have  given  up  Greeley,  though  at  first  I  thought  he  was 
the  best  man,  and  I  don't  believe  now  that  he  means  paying 
rebels  or  restoring  slavcholding.  But  I  fear  the  Democrats 
have  deceived  him,  and  did  mean  to  use  him  as  their  tool.  But 
I  can't  swallow  Grant,  and  therefore  I  shall  withhold  my 
influence  till  our  blessed  country  is  ready  for  a  better  man 
than  either,  or  a  woman. 

[30] 


"Mr.  Gushing  proposed  we  should  all  go  to  the  Opera, 
Fourth-day  evening,  and  we  agreed.  Fourth-day  afternoon 
he  and  a  young  English  clergyman  came  and  read  the  opera 
to  us  in  English.  It  was  Ivanhoe.  Then  Mrs.  Gushing,  the 
young  people,  and  I  all  went  and  enjoyed  it  very  much.  The 
scenery  was  gorgeous,  the  acting  very  fine  and  the  music 
(I  suppose)  was  excellent.  What  is  best  of  all,  such  perform- 
ances begin  here  at  half  past  six  and  close  at  half  past  nine. 

"Sixth-day  evening,  where  does  thee  think  we  went.''  Wh}^ 
to  the  circus !  Well,  the  Gushings  were  going  and  proposed 
for  us  to  go.  The  girls  wanted  to ;  I  didn't  like  to  have  them 
go  without  me,  and  I  could  not  bear  to  stay  at  home  alone, 
so,  as  I  never  went  to  a  circus  before,  I  went  too.  It  was 
chiefly  an  American  company.  We  enjoyed  it,  of  course. 
There  are  objectionable  features,  as  there  are  in  the  Opera, 
which  might,  and  ought  to  be,  dispensed  with  and  when  the 
public  taste  is  pure  enough  to  demand  it,  they  will  be." 

"We  have  our  breakfast  and  supper  in  our  rooms,  and  dine 
at  table  d'hote,  a  kind  of  dinner  which  I  especially  detest 
(particularly  a  German  one)  and  trust  I  shall  never  get 
reconciled  to." 

"And  now  about  the  baby's  name ;  have  you  named  it 
Arnold  BufFum.?  I  had  thought  of  William  Arnold.  That 
would  be  after  his  great  grandfather  [Mrs.  Arnold  B.  Ghace's 
grandfather,]  and  also  after  thee.  But  you  must  name  him 
as  you  like,  and  I  shall  be  satisfied.  I  am  glad  you  did  not 
name  him  for  any  one  who  has  gone  to  the  other  world.  It 
is  especially  unpleasant  to  me." 

Mrs.  Ghace's  reference  to  her  feeling  about  naming  her  first 
grandson,  meant  her  objection  to  having  a  new  child  in  the 
family  called  by  the  name  of  one  of  her  five  dead  sons.  She 
had  no  aversion  to  the  use  of  a  remote  ancestor's  name. 

[31] 


Her  letters  after  the  birth  of  the  junior  Arnold  BuflFum 
Chace  are  full  of  the  ordinary  prattle  of  grandmothers, 
and  much  citation  is  unnecessary,  because  it  has  the 
mingled  sweet  inconsequence  and  sweet  wisdom  which  is 
familiar  in  every  properly  constituted  family.  She  was  espe- 
cially anxious  that  the  "baby"  should  not  be  allowed  to  "take 
cold,"  and  she  assured  the  young  father  that  it  injured  the 
constitution  of  an  infant  to  "let  it  get  into  the  habit  of  taking 
cold." 

She  was  a  trifle  Spartan  about  one  disputed  method  of 
juvenile  training,  for  she  hoped  "its"  father  and  mother 
would  not  get  up  and  walk  with  "it"  nights. 

She  was  sure  "it"  was  a  "dear  little  thing."  Indeed  to  the 
end  Mrs.  Chace  always  spoke  of  her  grandchildren  as  though 
she  thought  they  were  well  looking  and  well  behaved, — and 
it  is  probable  that  she  really  did  think  they  were ! 

"Does  the  Division  [Sons  of  Temperance]  go  on.''  I  am 
afraid  the  temperance  cause  suffers  from  our  absence.  I 
am  sure  it  suffers  over  here  in  our  presence.  This  German 
beer-drinking  and  smoking  is  far  worse  than  I  had  ever 
imagined." 

"11  mo.,  10th.  Clara  and  I  went  to  the  gallery,  where, 
leaving  everything  else,  we  just  seated  ourselves  before  the 
Sistine  ^Madonna,  and  wondered  at  its  marvelous  beauty  and 
loveliness. 

"Sixth-day  evening  we  went  to  the  Opera.  It  was  Rienzi. 
And  nothing  did  we  ever  behold  of  artificial  make  so  gorgeous 
and  wonderful.  We  think  the  company  consisted  of  over  two 
hundred  people." 

Mrs.  Chace  and  her  party  had  a  window  looking  on  the 
route  over  which  the  Emperor  William  rode,  escorted  by 
the  King  of  Saxony,  on  the  occasion  of  the  King's  Golden 
Wedding.    She  thus  describes  the  scene : 

[32] 


"Finally  the  Cavalcade  came,  and  such  waving  of  handker- 
chiefs and  throwing  of  bouquets,  and  such  cheering!  First 
came  two  carriages  with  Officers  and  with  coachmen,  and 
footmen,  in  the  King's  livery,  then  a  very  large  and  elegant 
opened  carriage  with  the  Emperor  William  and  the  King. 
The  Emperor,  a  large  man  with  gray  hair,  wearing  a  cap 
with  high  white  plumes,  and  dressed  in  royal  robes ;  the  King 
I  did  not  notice.  The  Emperor  looked  up  at  our  windows 
and  bowed  in  response  to  our  salutations.  He  looks  able  to 
conquer  Napoleon.  Other  carriages  with  the  Crown  Prince 
and  other  men  and  the  ladies  of  the  Imperial  Household 
followed,  all  making  a  grand  display.  They  were  accom- 
panied by  no  music  and  no  military. 

"Tonight  the  King  has  an  Opera  to  which  no  ladies  are 
admitted,  and  strangers  only  through  the  intervention  of 
persons  connected  with  the  court." 

^^  12th  mo.,  1st.  The  girls  have  this  moment  come  in  from 
the  Gallery,  where  they  heard  that  Horace  Greeley  is  dead. 
Well,  I  don't  wonder  at  it.  He  has  had  enough  abuse  and 
ridicule  heaped  upon  him  to  kill  any  ordinary  man.  Peace  to 
his  memory !    We  all  make  mistakes." 

"I'm  glad  Jonathan  [Chace]  is  in  the  town  council.  It 
will  be  good  for  him  and  for  the  town." 

This  notes  the  beginning  of  a  political  career  which  was 
ended  b}'  resignation  from  the  United  States  Senate,  after 
election  to  a  second  term. 

"12th  mo.,  20th.  Last  night  we  went  to  the  theatre  to  see 
the  play  of  Cinderella;  it  depends  much  on  the  wonderful 
scenery  and  the  magical  transformations.  These  operas  and 
plays  are  supported  by  the  king  for  the  people.  Of  course 
a  temperance  lecture  or  a  labor  reform  lecture  thrown  in 

[33] 


occasionally,  would  be  an  improvement,  but  this  is  a  good 
thing." 

Nonny  was  a  small  black  and  tan  dog,  that  had  belonged 
to  Ned. 

"Do  thee  pet  Nonny  a  little.  She  must  miss  us  very  much. 
See  that  she  has  enough  to  eat.  I  wonder  if  she  will  remem- 
ber us  when  we  go  home.  Speak  to  her  about  us.  How  does 
she  like  the  baby.'*  I  have  no  doubt  she  would  learn  to  be  very 
fond  of  him." 

On  her  way  south  Mrs.  Chace  stopped  over  Sunday  in 
Nuremberg,  and  the  whole  party  went  to  hear  one  of  Wagner's 
operas,  largely  to  find  out  how  it  would  seem  to  go  to  the 
theatre  on  Sunday. 

In  Munich  they  stayed  several  days,  where  Mrs.  Chace  was 
particularly  pleased  with  the  statues  and  pictures  she  saw  in 
the  studios.  She  intended  to  visit  Vienna,  but  in  Innsbruck 
she  and  Lillie  were  taken  ill,  and  the  party  was  detained 
there  a  month,  and  afterwards  proceeded  as  rapidly  as  they 
could  to  Rome,  where  they  had  friends  whom  they  were 
anxious  to  meet. 

"Munich,  1st  mo.,  5th,  1873.  Our  courier  proves  to  be 
quite  a  remarkable  man.  He  has  been  several  times  in  America. 
In  1854  he  was  in  Mississippi  with  a  party  of  naturalists  and 
helped  off  into  the  state  of  New  York  twenty-two  ['runaway'] 
slaves.  During  our  war,  he  was  sent,  by  Bismarck,  to  carry 
over  despatches  which  he  delivered  into  the  hands  of  Presi- 
dent Lincoln.    I  should  like  to  know  what  they  were  about." 

"  Rome.  At  last  we  are  in  the  Eternal  City !  Nowhere  have 
I  been  so  overwhelmed  with  emotion.  Yet  Rome,  as  I  have  yet 
seen  it,  is  diflferent  from  what  I  expected.  It  is  much  newer 
and  brighter  than  I  thought.  I  was  prepared  to  see  every- 
thing look  old." 

[34] 


"Now  I  have  something  [to  tell]  which  may  astonish  thee. 
Capt.  Adams  was  very  desirous  the  girls  should  go  to  the 
masked  ball,  which  is  one  of  the  features  of  the  Carnival. 
And  they  wanted  to  go.  But,  if  they  did,  they  thought  I 
must  go  too.  And,  on  the  principle  on  which  I  went  to  the 
Circus,  I  consented.  Capt.  Adams  engaged  a  box  and  he  and 
Mr.  Cushing  and  we  four  occupied  it  from  half  past  eleven 
P.M.  to  half  past  two  A.M.  It  was  interesting,  but  I  cannot 
say  that  I  thoroughly  enjoyed  it.  For  as  to  all  these  things, 
I  cannot  keep  out  the  question  whether  it  is  good  for  the 
people  who  do  it;  and  neither  can  I  avoid  the  responsibility 
of  the  answer.  There  was  very  little  dancing,  for  the  theatre 
became  so  full  there  was  too  little  room.  The  women  were  all 
masked,  the  men  unmasked.  Our  young  folks  put  on  masks 
and  went  down  among  them  a  little  while. 

"I  suppose  as  the  women  are  masked,  such  can  obtain 
entrance  as  would  not  be  received  in  respectable  society  un- 
masked ;  but  since  men,  whatever  their  characters,  may  enter, 
it  is  not  necessary  that  they  should  be  unknown.  That  was 
my  solution  of  the  difference ;  and  as  I  could  obtain  no  other 
from  the  'Society  Man'  in  our  party,  I  concluded  it  is  the 
correct  one.  There  were  a  few  women  there  who  were  so  un- 
dressed that  I  could  not  but  suppose  that  they  were  unfor- 
tunate victims  of  the  state  of  society  that  requires  the  sacrifice 
of  a  proportion  of  the  women.  So  I  could  not  but  feel  that 
there  must  be  a  good  deal  of  what  is  not  good  connected  with 
this  sort  of  performance." 

"In  the  afternoons  we  went  to  our  balcony  on  the  Corso 
and  witnessed  the  frivolities  of  the  Carnival.  The  girls  throw 
confetti  and  receive  bouquets  zealously,  but  there  is  too  much 
of  it  for  me ;  and  I  cannot  but  feel  that  for  a  whole  people  to 
give  themselves  up  for  so  long  a  time  to  sheer  nonsense,  and 
to  be  encouraged  in  it,  is  to  foster  the  habits  of  idleness  and 
improvidence  which  help  to  keep  in  degradation  this  ignorant 

[35] 


and  debased  people.  The  horse  racing,  with  which  each  after- 
noon's revelry  ends,  is  dreadfully  cruel.  Thee  knows,  they 
attach  spurs  to  the  horses'  backs,  and  then  let  them  loose  at 
one  end  of  the  Corso,  and  with  every  step  they  are  goaded, 
and  so  without  riders  they  run  the  length  of  the  street.  They 
also  attach  little  birds  to  bouquets  and  oranges  and  throw 
them  into  the  balconies.  Lillie  received  one  and  brought  it 
home.  But  it  was  so  badly  injured  that  it  died  before  the 
next  morning.  One  afternoon  the  Princess  Marguerite,  wife 
of  the  King's  son,  riding  through  the  Corso,  bought  up  all 
the  imprisoned,  tortured  birds  she  saw  and  released  them. 
An  effort  is  making  to  organize  a  Society  for  the  prevention 
of  cruelty  to  animals.  They  have  lately  established  one  in 
Florence. 

"An  American  lady  who  has  lived  in  Rome  a  long  time  has 
established  two  charity  schools  for  Italian  children  and  is 
said  to  be  doing  an  excellent  work.    I  hope  to  visit  them." 

"Naples.  Capt.  Adams  and  Mr.  Gushing  made  all  arrange- 
ments for  our  departure  and  left  us  in  the  carriage  just 
before  the  train  started.  I  tell  the  girls  I  shall  never  think 
of  traveling  without  young  ladies.  It  ensures  the  most  de- 
voted attention.    And  I  get  the  very  best  of  care." 

"And  the  beggars  !  Oh !  dear,  it  is  so  dreadful  to  turn  our 
faces  away,  but  we  cannot  undertake  to  support  the  paupers 
of  Italy.  I  want  to  get  hold  of  Victor  Emmanuel  and  advise 
him  to  send  a  man  over  to  the  United  States  to  study  our 
poor-house  system." 

Mrs.  Chace  passed  about  two  weeks  in  Naples  and  its 
vicinity;  she  visited  Sorrento  and  Pompeii,  and  ascended 
Mt.  Vesuvius  as  far  as  she  could  go  in  a  carriage;  she  was 
very  much  impressed  by  the  beauty  of  the  Bay  of  Naples, 
by  the  volcanic  grandeur  of  the  scenery  around  it,  and  by 
the  revelation  of  antique  life  at  Pompeii.  Sorrento  was  the 
most  southern  point  of  her  European  journey,  and  it  must 

[36] 


be  admitted  that,  notwithstanding  the  emotions  indicated  In 
preceding  sentences,  her  keenest  one  was  of  delight  when  she 
started  to  return  to  Naples  from  Sorrento,  because  that  was 
the  first  stage  in  her  homeward  j  ourney  towards  Rhode  Island. 

"Rome.  A  Danish  countess  and  her  two  daughters,  the 
youngest  a  very  sweet,  pretty  girl  of  nineteen,  have  been  stay- 
ing at  our  hotel  for  a  few  weeks.  While  we  were  at  Naples, 
Dr.  Gushing  came  here,  and  a  young  Italian  nobleman, 
Barbieri,  who  is  intimate  with  him,  began  to  spend  his  even- 
ings here  in  the  public  parlor.  He  was  a  Garibaldian,  and 
had  suffered  imprisonment,  and  been  severely  wounded.  He 
is  now  an  officer  in  the  King's  Guard.  He  is  very  handsome, 
and  he  would  come  into  the  parlor  in  his  glittering  uniform. 
He  noticed  the  beautiful  young  countess,  and  obtained  an 
introduction  two  weeks  ago  tonight.  He  immediately  fell  in 
love  with  the  fair  girl  and  from  that  time  spent  every  even- 
ing here;  and  usually  dined  and  lunched  here.  He  lavished 
his  Italian  courtesies  on  the  mother  and  elder  sister,  sending 
them  as  well  as  the  young  one  bouquets,  and  doing  everything 
to  please  them. 

"Finally,  last  Third-day,  he  proposed  and  was  accepted 
all  in  the  parlor,  before  folks,  in  the  French  language,  the 
only  one  they  knew  in  common.  At  dinner  he  ordered  cham- 
pagne, in  addition  to  the  stuff  they  furnished.  This  party, 
the  Cushings  and  we,  occupied  one  end  of  the  table.  So  he 
invited  us  all  to  drink  with  him  in  honor  of  the  occasion  and 
we  had  another  of  our  frequent  chances  to  stand  by  our 
temperance  principles." 

Mrs.  Chace  felt  much  satisfaction  in  one  thing  which  she 
did  in  Rome.  Edmonia  Lewis  was  a  young  American  woman 
who  had  done  moderately  good  work  as  a  sculptor.  Her 
marble  copy  of  the  Young  Augustus,  which  Mrs.  Chace 
purchased,  seemed  to  all  of  us  the  best  reproduction  of  the 

[37] 


original  then  offered  by  any  artist  in  Rome.  Miss  Lewis  was 
a  woman  of  mixed  Indian,  negro  and  white  blood.  She  had 
a  childlike  character  and  manifested  eager  pleasure  when 
Mrs.  Chace  took  her  to  drive  in  an  open  carriage  through 
the  main  promenades  of  Rome  and  over  the  Pincian  Hill. 
She  was  especially  delighted  at  being  told  by  Mrs.  Chace  that 
somebody  had  said  it  was  very  fitting  that  she  should  be  an 
artist;  but  as  her  father  had  been  "a  man  of  color"  it  would 
have  seemed  as  though  she  ought  to  have  been  a  painter,  had 
it  not  been  that  her  mother  was  a  "  Chipp-e-way "  Indian, 
and  that  made  it  natural  for  her  to  be  a  sculptor. 

The  old  English  writers,  William  and  Mary  Howitt,  who 
had  been  intimate  friends  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Spring,  were  in 
Rome  this  year,  and  Mrs.  Chace  met  them  several  times. 
They  invited  her  to  a  small  evening  party,  where  there  was 
a  little  interesting  talk  about  George  Eliot,  and  Mrs.  Howitt 
received  some  information  which  was  new  to  her  concerning 
Oliver  Wendell  Holmes'  Romance  of  Elsie  Venner. 

"I  went  with  Mrs.  Cushing  to  the  church  of  St.  Stepheno, 
where  are  forty-three  fresco  paintings  of  Christian  martyr- 
dom. It  was  well  enough,  but  I  didn't  much  enjoy  seeing  the 
representations.  I  comforted  myself  with  thinking  that  as 
soon  as  they  got  the  power,  the  Christians  did  not  think  that 
sort  of  treatment  was  too  bad  for  heretics. 

"We  went  to  the  Vatican  for  the  last  time,  resting  long  in 
the  room  of  the  Apollo.    Isn't  it  a  most  perfect  human  form.'* 

"We  did  a  little  Roman  scarf  business,  as  we  often  have 
done. 

"We  visited  the  Pantheon,  which  I  had  not  before  seen  by 
daylight.  We  went  down  into  the  Roman  Forum,  which  has 
been  much  excavated  since  thee  was  here.  Then  we  went  to 
the  Colosseum.  Standing  inside,  and  looking  through  the 
arches  to  the  fields  beyond,  we  saw  many  lovely  pictures, — 
one  of  Italian  soldiers  in  linen  uniforms  going  through  their 

[38] 


maneuvers,  with  greenness  all  about  them.  We  afterwards 
drove  around  this  most  interesting  of  all  these  wondrous 
ruins,  to  which  I  was  so  sorry  to  bid  adieu. 

"We  drove  back  and  over  Monte  Pincio,  where  we  never 
tire.  Does  thee  remember  the  busts  arranged  along  the  sides 
of  this  winding  road.^*  The  new  Government  has  taken  away 
those  of  Church  dignitaries  and  substituted  busts  of  repub- 
licans and  liberals. 

"We  went  with  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Gushing  to  Story's  Studio, 
and  repeated  our  admiration  of  his  statues. 

"What  I  was  more  sorry  to  leave  than  anything  else  in 
Rome,  was  the  ruins.  Next  to  these,  the  fountains.  Can  thee 
ever  forget  the  two  in  front  of  St.  Peter's.''  I  was  so  sorry 
to  see  them  for  the  last  time, — and  the  grand  one  of  Trevi! 
And  all  the  others." 

"Last  First-day  a  crowd  of  'clericals'  were  issuing  from 
the  Church  of  the  Jesuits,  after  listening  to  exciting  appeals 
against  the  government,  when  seeing  two  or  three  young 
liberals  near,  they  commenced  insulting  them.  The  colonel  of 
the  King's  Guard,  hearing  there  was  a  disturbance  requested 
his  Lieutenant,  our  young  friend  Barbieri,  to  go  and  attend 
to  it.  He  was  out  of  uniform  and  unarmed.  He  went  and 
finding  they  had  come  to  blows,  and  one  of  the  leaders  of  the 
*  clericals'  had  a  'slung  shot,'  he  wrested  the  weapon  from 
him  and  dealt  him  severe  blows  with  it  and  received  in  return 
a  wound  on  the  head  and  a  sword  thrust  in  the  side,  which 
was  only  prevented  from  going  deep  by  a  leather  belt  he  wore. 
He  and  the  other  liberal  leaders  and  also  the  '  clerical '  leaders 
were  arrested  by  the  civil  authorities.  The  one,  however, 
whom  he  had  struck  was  carried  to  the  hospital.  In  the 
morning  Barbieri  was  examined;  his  colonel  testified  to  his 
having  sent  him,  and  was  reprimanded  by  the  judge  for 
sending  him  ununiformed  and  unarmed,  and  he  was  discharged. 
He  came  to  our  table  looking  dilapidated  and  pretty  solemn. 

[39] 


If  the  man  he  had  beaten  died,  he  would  be  quite  melancholy 
but  if  he  lived,  he  should  want  to  kill  him  in  a  duel. 

"All  the  week  before  he  had  been  passing  a  medical  exami- 
nation, and  after  a  severe  trial  with  his  competitors,  he  had 
won  two  of  the  first  prizes.  At  the  same  time  he  was  hoping 
every  day  to  go  to  Naples,  to  join  his  betrothed  who  was 
awaiting  him  there. 

"This  night  he  came  to  dinner  but  ate  almost  nothing  and 
talked  much  in  Italian  with  his  friend  Dr.  Gushing.  After 
dinner,  we  told  him  that  we  were  going  in  the  morning.  He 
refused  to  bid  us  good-bye,  and  said  he  would  give  himself 
the  honor  of  seeing  us  in  the  morning.  When  he  was  gone, 
Dr.  Gushing  told  us  that  the  editor  of  a  'clerical'  paper,  a 
certain  marquis,  had  denounced  Barbieri  as  a  'brigand,' 
for  his  part  in  the  proceedings  of  Sunday.  Whereupon  his 
colonel  told  him  that  he  must  challenge  the  marquis  and  if 
he  didn't  he  would  be  disgraced  before  the  army.  So  this 
young  man,  the  victim  of  this  terrible  system,  had  sent  his 
challenge  and  unless  the  marquis  apologized,  the  duel  must 
come  off  at  half  past  six  the  next  morning.  So  we  were  very 
much  excited. 

"If  it  were  settled  amicably  that  evening  we  were  not  to 
hear  from  him ;  if  not  he  was  to  come  to  Dr.  Gushing's  room 
and  write  a  farewell  letter  to  Julie.  In  the  meantime  we 
talked  of  duelling.  Finally  we  went  to  bed,  but  most  of  us 
could  not  sleep.  We  rose  early,  had  our  breakfast  and  went 
to  the  train.  Lieutenant  Barbieri  suddenly  came  rushing  up 
to  see  us  off;  his  general  having  had  him  arrested  the  night 
before  to  prevent  the  duel,  of  which  he  did  not  approve.  So 
he  was  saved  that  time ;  but  so  rapidly  reads  his  history  that 
he  may  be  in  some  new  trouble  by  now." 

The  simple  truth  is,  that  although  Mrs.  Chace  did  not  in 
the  least  modify  her  principles  to  suit  the  occasion,  she  did 
look  at  the  starry-eyed,  shy  Danish  girl  and  perhaps  even 

[40] 


more  at  the  beautiful  Italian  boy  with  a  maternal  tenderness 
for  their  physical  grace,  and  their  young  romance,  and  she 
realized  a  little  more  than  might  have  been  expected  of  her, 
that  theirs  had  been  a  mental  and  social  training  so  different 
from  that  of  New  England,  that  it  did  not  imply  anything 
very  wrong  in  them  to  have  a  code  which  permitted  much 
that  was  wholly  wrong  to  her.  The  Countess  Julie,  during 
her  fortnight  of  acquaintance  with  Barbieri,  had  asked  him 
to  promise  her  that  he  would  not  fight  duels,  and  he  had 
promised  that  he  would  not  enter  into  a  deadly  quarrel  unless 
his  country's  honor  was  involved.  He  considered  that  that 
honor  was  involved  in  this  political  affair.  Mrs.  Chace  actu- 
ally understood,  although  she  did  not  approve,  and  she 
realized  the  moral  effect  of  such  environment  as  had  made  it 
occur  to  the  little  Countess  to  ask  for  such  a  promise  from 
a  new  acquaintance  like  her  lover.  What  daughter  of  New 
England  would  have  deemed  it  necessary  to  ask  such  a  pledge 
of  a  Bostonian  lover.'*  So,  also,  Mrs.  Chace  merely  listened 
without  unsympathetic  comment  when  Barbieri  said:  "I  am 
not  a  good  Catholic,  but  I  shall  never  be  anything  but  a 
Catholic.  The  man  who  changes  his  religion  is  to  me  like  the 
soldier  who  breaks  his  oath  of  allegiance." 

She  knew  the  difference,  but  still  seemed  to  comprehend 
why  he  did  not.  Moreover,  her  own  objection  to  Romish 
Catholicism  was  undoubtedly  satisfied  by  his  Garibaldian 
aversion  to  the  extreme  papal  claims ;  and  she  was  not  ill 
pleased  by  a  scornful  tone  in  the  young  fellow's  voice,  when 
in  answer  to  her  inquiry  about  Victor  Emmanuel's  religious 
attitude,  he  said:  "Oh  the  king!  When  he  is  well  he  laughs 
at  the  Church  and  cares  nothing  for  its  rules.  When  he  is 
sick,  he  sends  for  a  priest !" 

"Florence,  ith  mo.,  13th,  1873.  We  visited  the  Uffizi 
gallery.    I,  who  admire  Correggio's  Madonnas,  was  pleased 

[41] 


with  the  one  in  the  Tribune;  and  more  still  by  Andrea  Del 
Sarto's  Holy  Family,  just  back  of  the  Venus  di  Medici, 
which  I  don't  admire,  although  the  form  is  beautiful.  After 
lunch,  we  went  to  the  Pitti  Palace.  No  copies  do  any  justice 
to  the  Madonna  of  the  Chair. 

"Marble,  which  is  really  worth  having,  is  very  expensive. 
I  shall  not  order  any  at  present.  Franklin  Simmons,  our 
R.  I.  sculptor,  has  a  beautiful  figure  representing  Milton's 
Abdiel,  when  he  turned  his  back  on  his  comrades  and  was 
'faithful  found  among  the  faithless.'  It  is  well  conceived  and 
it  did  so  take  me  that  I  could  hardly  leave  it." 

"  J^th  mo.,  19th.  Second-day  we  took  a  drive  in  the  suburbs 
and  visited  the  beautiful  English  cemetery,  where  lie  the 
mortal  remains  of  dear  Theodore  Parker,  over  whose  grave 
we  lingered,  loth  to  leave,  feeling  that  we  were  on  consecrated 
ground. 

"Third-day  Mary  and  I  started  for  Pisa.  Arriving  there 
we  took  a  carriage  to  the  tower.  It  didn't  fall  on  me  but  it 
overwhelmed  me !  I  don't  think  the  pictures  of  it  give  one 
any  idea  of  its  size  or  its  inclination.  Why,  I  just  sat  down 
on  the  cathedral  steps  opposite  and  riveted  my  gaze  upon  it. 
I  could  not  avoid  a  sort  of  feeling  that  it  was  actually  falling. 
We  had  entered  the  cathedral  previously  where  a  priest  was 
declaiming  to  a  large  audience  in  such  violent  tones,  that  I 
could  not  help  thinking  he  was  denouncing  the  government. 

"The  next  morning,  I  chose  to  rest.  In  the  afternoon,  we 
all  went,  by  invitation,  to  take  tea  with  Mrs.  Putnam, 
Sarah  Remond  and  Miss  Sargent.  We  had  a  fine  visit. 
Sarah  Remond  is  a  remarkable  woman  and  by  indomitable 
energy  and  perseverance  is  winning  a  fine  position  in  Florence 
as  a  physician,  and  also  socially ;  although  she  says  Americans 
have  used  their  influence  to  prevent  her,  by  bringing  their 
hateful  prejudices  over  here.  If  one  tenth  of  the  American 
women  who  travel  in  Europe  were  as  noble  and  elegant  as  she 

[42] 


is,  we  shouldn't  have  to  blush  for  our  countrywomen  as  often 
as  we  do." 

"Venice,  4th  mo.,  26th.  We  left  Bologna  in  the  rain,  and 
arrived  in  this  fair  spot  about  five  o'clock. 

"Yesterday  morning,  being  the  Feast  of  St.  Mark,  we  all 
went  to  High  Mass  in  the  Cathedral,  and  heard  beautiful 
music,  besides  seeing  the  performance,  and  looking  on  the 
crowd.  Then  we  went  out,  and  returning  home,  found  we 
had  had  callers.  The  night  we  stayed  at  Perugia,  we  met,  at 
our  hotel,  an  English  artist  and  his  sister,  two  very  sensible 
and  agreeable  young  people ;  and  it  so  happened  that  we  got 
a  little  acquainted  with  them.  They  knew  the  Howitts,  and 
one  way  and  another  we  talked  together.  Then  at  Florence, 
we  met  them  in  Galleries  and  on  the  street,  and  finally  got 
to  shaking  hands  with  them. 

"At  Bologna  the  day  we  left,  whom  should  we  see  at  break- 
fast, but  this  same  brother  and  sister?  By  this  time,  they 
seemed  like  old  acquaintances.  We  were  coming  away,  how- 
ever, and  they  did  not  expect  to  reach  Venice  till  after  we 
would  get  away,  but  we  all  hoped  to  meet  some  time  and 
we  exchanged  cards. 

"Well,  yesterday,  we  being  all  out,  but  Clara,  they  called 
here,  having  come  to  Venice  sooner  than  they  anticipated. 
They  invited  us  all  to  go  in  the  evening  with  them.  So  we 
went  and  the  young  man  was  very  entertaining,  having  none 
of  the  disagreeable  English  ways.  We  sailed  about  on  the 
star-lit  water  of  the  Adriatic;  and  our  young  man  sang  to 
us.    When  he  was  tired,  Lillie  and  Mary  repeated  Whittier. 

"I  have  made  up  my  mind  what  thee  better  let  me  get  for 
thee  in  London  instead  of  a  painting  or  a  piece  of  marble. 
And  that  is  a  microscope  which  will  cost  two  hundred  or 
two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars.  Such  an  instrument  is  a  never 
failing  source  of  amusement,  and  if  I  were  thee  I  should  rather 
have  it  than  a  painting." 

[43] 


"5th  mo.,  8th.  In  Milan,  we  visited  the  picture  gallery  in 
company  with  Mr.  Clifford,  the  artist,  and  his  sister.  It  is 
worth  something  to  look  at  pictures  with  an  artist. 

"Last  evening  we  had  a  very  interesting  time,  discussing 
American  literature  with  some  pleasant  English  people, 
among  them  our  friends  the  Cliffords. 

"Young  Clifford,  who  is  very  intelligent  on  all  subjects, 
is  interested  in  republicanism,  and  says  he  should  like  to  go 
to  America  and  study  the  democratic  system,  though  he 
thinks  in  some  respects  it  has  proved  a  failure  in  our  country, 
because  of  the  venality  of  our  elections.  I  told  him  we  could 
manage  our  democratic  system  better,  if  they  did  not  send 
so  many  people  to  help  us,  or,  if  those  they  did  send  were  of 
a  better  class. 

"In  one  of  thy  letters,  thee  speaks  of  the  society  we  are 
enjoying  and  really,  it  is  one  of  the  most  delightful  features 
of  our  European  experience.  I  enjoy  it  exceedingly,  and  it 
is  giving  the  girls  a  culture  and  polish  which  will  enrich  all 
their  future  lives.  At  the  same  time,  it  is  taking  from  them 
none  of  their  naturalness,  and  does  in  no  degree  shake  their 
principles.  While  they  are  improving  in  manners  and  in  con- 
versation, acquiring  an  ease  and  grace  which  is  very  becom- 
ing, they  are,  if  possible,  more  strongly  American  than  ever." 

"I  wonder  if  the  people  in  our  mills  did  strike  on  the  first 
of  May.  It  would  certainly  be  very  ungrateful,  but  that  we 
must  expect  from  ignorant  people,  and  after  all,  if  they  only 
cut  down  to  ten  hours  everywhere,  perhaps  it  will  be  just  as 
well,  and  who  knows  but  ten  hours  is  as  long  as  people  should 
work  continuously.  I  do  believe  that  some  system  of  coopera- 
tion must,  erelong,  be  adopted,  by  which  the  operatives  can 
be  made  to  feel  that  they  are  working  for  themselves,  and 
have  an  interest  in  the  success  of  the  business." 

[44] 


Mrs.  Chace  and  her  party  stopped  at  Nice,  intending  to 
remain  but  a  few  days.  Mary  was  taken  dangerously  ill  there 
and  was  at  one  time  not  expected  to  live  more  than  an  hour 
or  two.    They  were  forced  to  stay  several  weeks. 

"Nice.  The  darling  is  now  very  comfortable.  She  sends 
her  love  and  says,  'tell  him,  I  am  more  than  ever  like  a  potato 
vine  that  grew  in  the  dark.'  Except  for  a  very  few  days 
when  she  was  the  lowest,  she  has  never  ceased  to  say  her  bright 
and  witty  things. 

"While  our  angel  has  been  so  ill,  I  could  not  keep  up  the 
epistolary  diary.  The  girls  go  out  driving  nearly  every  day ; 
and  I  go  when  I  am  not  too  anxious  to  leave  Mary  for  an 
hour.  She  begs  me  to  go.  She  is  just  as  unselfish  as  when 
she  is  well  and  is  all  the  time  caring  for  the  rest  of  us,  lest  we 
get  ill." 

This  illness  of  Mary's  resulted  in  a  change  in  Mrs.  Chace's 
attitude  toward  physicians.  She  wrote  during  the  days  of 
anxiety : 

"I  shall  attribute  her  recovery  to  the  extraordinary  skill- 
fulness  of  these  European  physicians,  and  their  thoroughness 
in  all  their  examinations,  and  their  extreme  watchfulness  of 
every  symptom.    I  never  saw  anything  like  it." 

The  party  came  to  Paris  when  Mary  could  be  moved. 
Mrs.  Chace  took  the  doctor  who  had  been  in  attendance  from 
Nice  to  Paris,  lest  accident  or  renewed  illness  should  occur, 
but  none  did. 

Just  as  Mary  had  become  able  to  go  about  freely,  Horace 
R.  Cheney  arrived  in  Paris,  attached  himself  to  the  party, 
and  joined  it  again  in  London. 

But  the  mother,  all  this  while,  had  her  sorrowful  thought 
mingled  with  her  joy  in  Mary's  springing  life.  She  wrote  to 
Arnold  that  she  believed  "Sam  and  Eddie"  might  have  been 

[45] 


saved  from  their  early  deaths,  could  they  have  had  in  the 
critical  hours  such  medical  care  as  had  been  given  to  Mary. 
Mrs.  Chace  had  hitherto  been  under  the  influence  of  the 
theorist  who  regarded  food  almost  as  the  source  of  disease, 
and  both  Sam  and  Ned  in  their  illnesses  had  been  treated 
according  to  the  starvation  method.  In  her  later  years, 
she  seldom  spoke  of  it,  and  when  she  did  it  was  without  bitter- 
ness, but  she  did  admit  that  she  had  come  to  believe  that  this 
denial  of  adequate  nourishment  had  turned  the  scale  and 
taken  away,  at  least  from  Sam,  any  chance  for  recovery. 

*^  London,  8th  mo.,  20th.  Day  before  yesterday  Mr.  Clif- 
ford took  us  to  the  house  of  the  Hon.  Cowper  Temple  who 
has  about  half  a  dozen  of  his  paintings ;  then  to  two  other 
houses  where  were  also  some  of  his  pictures.  They  are  very 
pretty, — portraits  and  groups  of  figures.  He  came  last 
evening  and  took  us  to  Christy's  Minstrels!  I  was  not  very 
much  pleased,  though  it  was  quite  amusing  and  not  very  bad." 

Margaret  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 
"i  Highherry  Place, 

Kingsdown,  Sept.  2nd,  1873. 
"We  are  all  disappointed  that  you  arc  not  coming  to 
Bristol,  and  I,  of  course,  especially  so.  I  fear  that  I  shall 
never  go  to  America,  but  if  ever  I  do,  I  suppose  that  one  of 
my  chief  pleasures  will  be  to  come  and  see  you  in  your  own 
home. 

"I  think  that  perhaps  the  English  will  give  themselves  the 
chance  to  become  a  Republic  some  day.  I  used  to  dread  it, 
but  I  am  more  reconciled  to  it  now,  and  believe  that  whatever 
comes  it  will  be  good  for  Old  England.  I  cannot  help  think- 
ing that  there  are  too  many  good  and  wise  people  among  us 
for  wickedness  and  folly  to  be  uppermost,  at  least  I  trust 
so,  but  the  English  character  is  different  from  the  American 
and  I  do  not  know  how  far  our  people  are  to  be  trusted  with 

[46] 


power.  I  wonder  if  you  think  us  ripe  for  it  yet?  I  fear  that 
our  Poor  are  inclined  to  be  unreasonable  and  discontented, 
and  our  Rich  unreasonable  and  tyrannical. 

"I  wonder  if  you  have  many  institutions  like  the  one  where 
I  teach.?  It  is  called  a  Preventive  Mission.  It  is  voluntary 
and  intended  for  girls  who  are  little  cared  for  at  home  or 
who  would  be  likely  to  fall  into  temptations,  but  any  poor 
girl  may  come  if  she  is  not  bad  enough  to  hurt  the  others  by 
her  company.  They  are  kept  a  few  months  and  trained  a 
little  and  taught  to  read  and  write,  and  then  situations  are 
found  for  them,  where  they  can  earn  about  1/6  a  week  and 
there  are  free  lodgings  where  they  stay  when  they  leave  their 
situations. 

"I  believe  that  it  is  most  useful  and  helps  on  many  girls 
when  they  are  just  getting  old  enough  to  be  in  mischief." 

"Fifth-day  we  went  to  the  National  Gallery,  and  had  a 
good  time.  I  like  Turner's  paintings  very  much  and  there 
are  some  beautiful  Claude  Lorraine's.  I  begin  to  feel  as 
though  I  shall  miss  picture  galleries  when  I  get  home.  We 
had  Mr.  Clifford  with  us  to  show  us  the  best  and  talk  to  us 
about  them,  and  that  helps  us  to  enjoy  them. 

"Yesterday  Mr.  Clifford  went  with  me  through  'Seven 
Dials'  and  'Church  Lane,'  which  is  as  bad  as  anywhere  that 
a  cab  can  go.  We  stopped  before  a  house  where  lives  a  young 
man,  whom  Mr.  Clifford  has  had  for  a  model  and  in  whom  he 
has  taken  much  interest.  A  crowd  of  fifty  or  more  women 
and  boys  and  children  collected  round  us  as  though  they  had 
never  seen  any  decent  people  before.  Mr.  Clifford  said  we 
should  not  have  been  safe  if  James  (the  model)  had  not  been 
there  to  protect  us.  As  it  was  we  got  away  unmolested. 
But  oh !  the  multitude  of  poor,  miserable  children  was  sick- 
ening to  behold.    And  all  this  right  in  the  heart  of  the  city ! 

"A  cousin  of  Mr.  Clifford's,  at  whose  place  of  business  we 
called  to  inquire  about  streets  too  narrow  for  the  cab,  told 

[47] 


us  by  no  means  to  enter  them  without  two  policemen,  for  we 
would  not  be  safe.  The  people  he  said  'would  tear  every 
article  of  clothing  off  you.' 

"I  went  with  Mr.  Bradford  to  hear  Spurgeon.  I  could  see 
where,  with  those  who  believe  as  he  does,  lies  his  great  power. 
But  to  me  his  sermon  was  a  bundle  of  irrational  inconsisten- 
cies ;  [yet]  I  doubt  not  he  is  doing  some  good. 

"Fifth-day  evening  we  went  to  the  theatre.  The  play  was 
Wilkie  Collins'  'New  Magdalen,' — and  it  was  the  best  sermon 
I  have  heard  in  London. 

"Mr.  Clifford  likes  the  girls  collectively.^^ 

The  party  did  comparatively  little  sightseeing  during  this, 
their  third  and  last  stay  in  London,  but  Mrs.  Chace  visited 
the  Dore  gallery  which  she  had  seen  the  previous  year,  and  she 
wrote  that  she  was  not  now  so  much  impressed  by  the  paint- 
ings as  she  had  then  been.  "I  suppose,"  she  said,  "it  is  be- 
cause I  have  seen  so  many  better  paintings  since."  Once 
before,  from  Munich  she  wrote,  speaking  of  Voltz's  pictures, 
"I  have  learned  the  difference  between  pretty  good  and  very 
good,  and  these  belong  to  the  latter  class." 

Mrs.  Chace  stayed  at  the  Langham  Hotel,  in  these  final 
weeks  in  London.  James  H.  Chace  was  there,  with  his  wife 
and  daughter;  William  Bradford  had  a  large  studio  on  the 
ground  floor,  and  both  the  Chace  parties  used  it  as  their 
sitting  room,  passing  there  enchanting  evenings  among  his 
paintings  of  Labrador  scenery.  To  go  from  London  streets 
thus  in  among  circling,  rose-hued,  yet  unfrozen  icebergs  did 
indeed  seem  to  them  like  entering  into  all  the  wonders  of 
Aladdin's  cave. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Conway,  faithful,  courteous  and  kindly  as 
ever,  sought  Mrs.  Chace  again,  and  invited  her  and  the  others, 
including  Horace  R.  Cheney,  to  a  supper  and  charade  party. 
Mr.  Conway  also  introduced  Mrs.  Chace  one  evening  to  some 
young  Hindus  whom  she  was  very  much  interested  to  meet. 

[48] 


"  o 


LILLIE    BUFKUM    (HACK,    187i^ 

From  Clifford's  portrait 


Mrs.  Chace  sailed  for  home  on  the  Algeria,  leaving  Liver- 
pool September  thirteenth.  Mr.  Joseph  Lupton  came  from 
Leeds  to  see  her  off,  and  introduced  the  party  to  Wilkie  Collins, 
who  was  a  fellow-passenger  who  proved  to  be  a  very  agree- 
able acquaintance.  One  touching  incident  occurred  during 
the  last  hours  in  Liverpool.  George  Thompson  appeared 
there,  quite  unheralded, — he  had  come  from  Leeds  to  bid 
his  friends  good-by, — but  he  seemed  a  little  dazed,  and  they 
feared  some  harm  would  happen  to  him  on  his  return  journey. 
"Oh,  I  will  take  care  of  him,"  Mr.  Lupton  assured  them. 
The  good-bys  were  spoken,  and  then  faded  from  the  vision 
of  his  friends  the  "old  majesty"  of  George  Thompson,  whose 
step  upon  American  soil  forty  years  before  had  shaken  the 
continent. 


[49] 


CHAPTER   NINETEENTH 

Return  Home;  Free  Religious  Association,  and  the 
Society  in  Providence  ;  Marriage  of  Mary  Chace  to 
Horace  R.  Cheney;  Personal  and  Family  Topics; 
Connection  with  Mrs.  Howe  and  the  Association  for 
THE  Advancement  of  Women;  Letters  from  T.  W. 
Higginson;  Winter  in  Boston;  Illness;  Renewed 
Work  for  the  Wards  of  the  State  ;  Temporary  Re- 
tirement FROM  Board  of  Lady  Visitors  ;  Return  to  It  ; 
Correspondence  with  John  Weiss. 

THE  letters  and  extracts  from  letters  by  Mrs.  Chace  to 
periodicals  have  been  taken  from  printed  slips  which 
she  preserved.  Some  of  them  had  appeared  in  various  papers 
of  which  I  have,  now,  no  knowledge,  but  most  of  them  were 
published  in  the  Providence  Journal.  The  dates  were  some- 
times lacking  from  these  slips,  nor  was  the  name  of  the  paper 
in  which  each  had  been  printed  always  there.  Effort  has  been 
made  to  place  these  extracts  with  chronological  accuracy, 
and  to  refer  them  correctly  to  their  periodical  source,  but  it 
has  not  been  deemed  necessary  to  verify  such  effort  by  hunt- 
ing over  newspaper  files. 

The  first'  few  weeks  after  Mrs.  Chace  returned  from  her 
European  trip  were  spent  in  preparing  the  Homestead  for 
renewed  occupancy.  During  this  period  Mary  became  en- 
gaged to  Horace  R.  Cheney,  and  the  mother  was  supremely 
contented  in  the  betrothal. 

The  sojourn  abroad  had  not  taken  from  Mrs.  Chace  any 
of  her  interest  in  reformatory  matters,  and  she  was  soon 
busily  engaged  again. 

[50] 


Rev.  Augustus  Woodbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Jan.  13,  187 Jj..  I  gratefully  acknowledge  the  receipt  of 
ten  dollars,  in  aid  of  the  two  colored  students  in  Brown  Uni- 
versity. Yes,  the  time  will  come  for  women,  by  and  by.  Think 
of  ten  years  ago — and  now,  and  thank  God  for  the  good 
which  has  been  accomplished." 

The  National  Free  Religious  Association  was  formed  in 
Boston  on  May  30th,  1867.  Octavius  Brooks  Frothingham 
was  chosen  president  and  twenty-three  persons  signified  their 
desire  to  become  members.  The  Association  reports  give 
their  names  apparently  in  the  order  of  their  offered  adhesion 
on  that  day.  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson's  name  stands  first  and 
Elizabeth  B.  Chace's  fifth  in  the  list.  She  was  elected  Vice- 
President  of  this  National  Association  in  May,  1881. 

An  effort  to  form  a  local  Free  Religious  Society  in  Provi- 
dence began  while  Mrs.  Chace  was  in  Europe,  Dr.  William 
Francis  Channing,  Dr.  Lucius  F.  C.  Garvin,  Arnold  B.  Chace 
and  others  cooperating  in  the  endeavor.  In  January  and 
February  of  1874  this  movement  took  definite  shape. 
Mrs.  Chace  assisted  and  directed,  several  conferences  were 
held  and  a  Society  was  formed. 

William  F.  Chaxxing  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  January  ^J^th,  ISIJ^..  Dr.  Garvin  called  upon 
me  a  year  ago  and  I  was  quite  interested  by  his  discriminating 
libersglism  and  earnestness.  I  am  engaged  to  take  my  whole 
family  (baby  excepted)  to  the  Philharmonic  concert  on  Mon- 
day evening,  and  cannot,  therefore,  attend  the  proposed 
meeting,  as  I  otherwise  would.  I  will  do  everything  in  my 
power  to  help  the  movement,  but  that  will  not  include  much 
money,  as  all  the  people  who  owe  me  money  can't  pay  this 
winter,  while  all  to  whom  I  owe  money  expect  me  to  pay.    I 

[51] 


am  therefore  living  on  faith  and  credit,  which  is  next  to  the 
celebrated  chameleon  diet. 

"I  heard  yesterday  that  Mr.  Weiss  was  dangerously  ill 
with  pleurisy.  If  so  he  cannot  lecture  on  Shakespeare.  But 
if  otherwise,  I  should  like  to  inform  Mrs.  Hart,  who  is  in  doubt 
about  continuing  to  sell  tickets. 

"I  hope  thee  will  be  able  to  make  an  early  visit  to  Mr. 
Rein's  room,  as  he  has  the  best  pictures  which  have  been  in 
Providence  for  many  years,  and  they  have  begun  to  go  off 
rather  fast." 

Mrs.  Chace  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  appointed  to 
draw  up  the  Constitution  for  the  Providence  Free  Religious 
Society,  and  she  was  for  many  succeeding  years  a  zealous 
member  of  its  congregation,  over  which  Frederic  A.  Hinck- 
ley was  finally  settled  as  minister.  He  became  an  intimate 
friend  of  hers,  cooperating  with  her  especially  in  her  Woman 
Suffrage  work,  and  although  he  went  a  little  farther  than  she 
did  in  Labor  Reform,  she  sympathized  with  him  largely  in 
that,  and  rejoiced  when  he  received  some  official  appointment 
in  relation  to  the  labor  problems  which  concerned  Rhode 
Island  manufacturers  very  closely. 

On  May  5th,  1874,  Mary  Chace  was  married  to  Horace  R. 
Cheney,  who  was  then  practicing  law  in  Boston. 

Amasa  M.  Eaton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  May  29,  1874-.  I  introduced  the  Bill  to 
appoint  six  women  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Charities, 
which  you  sent  me,  and  it  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on 
Education.  We  considered  the  matter  in  Committee,  and 
decided  to  leave  it  until  January,  to  be  fortified,  if  possible, 
by  the  favorable  opinion  of  the  members  of  the  present  Boards 
and  of  the  Board  of  Female  Visitors.  Can  you  get  this  for 
us  by  next  January .'' " 

[52] 


L.  B.  C.  TO  Mrs.  Chace 

**  Newport,  June  11,  187 ^,  How  does  my  own  Mother  do, 
and  why  doesn't  she  write  to  me  and  tell  me  to  keep  warm, 
and  not  to  get  drowned?  I  haven't  been  drowned  at  all  yet, 
nor  Clara  either. 

"Col.  Higginson  has  not  made  himself  visible.  I  think  it  is 
real  shabby  of  him. 

"  Why  don't  thee  let  me  know  who  stays  with  thee  ?  I  should 
have  been  worried  about  thee,  for  fear  Cousin  M.  did  not 
come,  only  I  was  morally  certain  that  nothing  would  induce 
thee  to  stay  over  night  in  the  house  with  only  the  girls. 

"Clara  is  anxious  for  me  to  tell  thee  that  we  have  not  yet 
needed  our  linen  dresses  to  wear  boating  with  Col.  H ! 

"I  want  to  see  the  baby  [A.  B.  C,  Jr.]  ever  so  much.  Little 
darling,  he  seems  somehow  like  a  message  sent  to  me  from 
those  who  are  gone,  and  to  claim  from  me  the  love  due  to 
them  as  well  as  to  himself. 

"Yearly  Meeting  begins  tomorrow.  I  shall  try  to  get  to 
the  hotel  sometime  and  see  who  is  there,  and  perhaps  I'll 
make  Clara  sit  through  a  meeting.  Dr.  Channing  wrote  to 
Mr.  Whittier  and  asked  him  to  come  here  during  Yearly 
Meeting,  but  the  poet  writes  he  is  too  sick  to  come  to  Newport 
at  all.  Would  it  not  have  been  lovely,  if  he  had  been  here 
when  we  were !  Dr.  Channing  told  him  we  were  to  be  here, 
as  if  that  would  be  an  inducement !    Weren't  we  flattered ! 

"Please  give  my  love  to  everybody,  but  take  a  rather  large 
proportion  for  thyself,  and  save  some  asparagus  till  we  get 
home,  and  don't  pull  up  my  flowers  when  the  garden  is 
weeded,  and  don't  harbor  evil  thoughts  about  me." 

Amasa  M.  Eaton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  June  ^6,  187 Jf.  I  agree  with  you  that  INIr. 
Higginson  would  be  an  honor  to  our  State,  and  to  the  Senate, 
but  is  it  possible  to  get  him  there.'' 

[53] 


"Although  I  do  not  think  Burnside  is  a  great  man,  I  think 
he  is  honest,  sincere  and  a  gentleman.  And  he  is  so  universally 
loved  for  his  many  kind  deeds  that  I  think  he  would  have  more 
influence  in  Washington,  even  if  only  silently,  than  many  a 
greater  man. 

"Should  Burnside  withdraw  I  hope  Higginson  or  

may  become  candidates.  But  I  should  prefer  to  have  a  New- 
port man  elected  three  years  hence,  in  place  of  Anthony." 

Sometime  in  the  summer,  Mrs.  Chace  took,  with  me,  a 
carriage  trip  to  visit  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Horace  R.  Cheney,  at 
Winthrop,  Massachusetts.  It  was  during  an  interregnum 
in  Mrs.  Chace's  stable  service,  and  not  a  coachman,  but 
James  Whipple  drove  for  her.  He  was  a  Rhode  Island 
Whipple,  a  sturdy,  high-hearted,  strong-handed,  noble  Yankee 
villager.  He  had  been  teamster  for  H.  &  S.  B.  Chace  or  the 
Valley  Falls  Co.  for  thirty  or  more  years.  Back  and  forth 
over  the  road  between  Valley  Falls  and  Providence,  he  had 
driven  the  great  teams  drawn  by  four  horses  and  loaded  with 
cotton  or  with  cloth.  He  had  reigned  as  monarch  by  divine 
right  in  the  "Company's"  big  barn.  He  was  a  large,  power- 
ful, magnificent-looking  old  man. 

When  Ned  Chace  died,  James  Whipple  spoke  from  his 
tender,  puzzled  heart,  and  said : 

"Why  should  he  die,  a  young  fellow  like  him,  and  I  live.'' 
'Tain't  much,  just  to  drive  a  team  of  horses  through  the 
world." 

It  was  as  a  neighborly  service,  though  probably  a  recom- 
pensed one,  that  he  drove  Mrs.  Chace's  party  on  this  trip 
across  the  rural  lands  of  Massachusetts  to  the  seaside  village 
of  Winthrop.  A  curious  incident  illustrating  the  peculiari- 
ties of  caste  distinction  occurred  on  the  journey.  Mrs.  Chace 
had  her  waiting  maid  with  her,  a  nice,  young  Irish  girl  named 

[54] 


Isabel.  The  carriage  was  a  two-seated  phaeton.  Isabel 
naturally  sat  on  the  front  seat  beside  the  driver.  The  party 
stopped  over  night  at  a  wayside  tavern.  James  Whipple 
attended  to  the  proper  stabling  of  the  horses.  Isabel  accom- 
panied us  to  our  rooms.  Mrs.  Chace  tactfully  managed  the 
matter  concerning  which  "James"  had  probably  never  had 
a  thought.  She  and  I  and  he  met  and  went  together  to  the 
supper  table.  After  we  had  seated  ourselves  the  fine  old 
gentleman  asked  simply,  "Why,  where  is  Isabel.'"'  Some 
response  indefinitely  expressed  was  made,  for  we  were  half 
abashed  by  his  unconscious  and  superior  nobility. 

Mr.  Whipple  once  told  Mrs.  Chace  that  he  had  grown 
tired  of  the  heavy  teaming  work,  and  would  like  to  take  charge, 
instead,  of  her  barn,  and  to  drive  for  her. 

"No,"  she  said  to  me,  "he  does  not  realize  what  such  work 
would  mean  to  him,  in  many  ways.  It  would  put  him  with 
other  coachmen.  He  would  not  like  that  part  of  it,  and  it  is 
not  best  for  him  to  do  it." 

She  never  made  any  marked  effort  to  change  the  social 
status  of  the  servant  class;  she  herself  liked  the  personal 
remoteness  of  acknowledged  superiority  in  station,  but  she 
would  not  let  her  old  village  neighbor  unwittingly  and  in  her 
service  get  into  a  position  which  he  might  grow  to  feel  was 
inferior  to  that  which  he  had  held  among  his  comrades.  She 
detested  livery  and  never  put  upon  her  service  staff  the  least 
approach  to  a  wardrobe  badge.  To  the  Joe  Collet,  of  whom 
mention  has  been  made,  she  said,  "Don't  you  ever  let  anybodj' 
make  you  wear  livery."  Her  maid  servants  did  their  un- 
capped hair  as  they  pleased,  and  wore  black,  brown,  yellow 
or  blue,  or  any  colored  cotton  or  woolen  frocks,  aproned  or 
not  aproned  as  they  liked. 

She  had  an  especially  charming  young  Irish  girl  in  her 
employ  for  several  years,  and  she  felt  great  tenderness  for 
her  uncultured  but  rather  glorious  maidenhood.    She  said: 

[55] 


"I  watched  Jenny  today,  as  she  stood  on  the  bluff,  and  all 
our  young  people  rushed  by.  She  was  as  pretty  and  sweet 
as  any  of  them.  It  seemed  sad  to  me  that  she  could  not  be 
one  of  them.    I  wondered  how  she  felt." 

The  visit  to  Winthrop  ended  sorrowfully.  Horace  Cheney 
brought  to  the  house  a  telegram  announcing  the  death  of 
Marcus  Spring,  and  Mrs.  Chace,  both  her  daughters  and 
Horace  hurried  to  Eagleswood.  It  seemed  very  strange  to 
enter  the  beautiful  house  there  and  receive  no  smiling  welcome 
from  its  master.  Mrs.  Spring  and  her  son  Edward  were  the 
only  members  of  the  family  present,  for  the  death  had  been 
sudden.  Mrs.  Spring  looked  and  demeaned  herself  like  an 
inspired  being  while  the  last  rites  were  performed. 

Of  Marcus  Spring  I  can  say  nothing  more  fitting  than  the 
words  his  daughter  wrote  of  him  thirty-five  years  after  his 
death:  "My  father  was  the  only  perfect  human  creature  I 
ever  saw,  and  the  great  beauty  of  him  was  his  moral  will,  so 
exquisite  that  it  restored  and  kept  the  balance  of  everything, 
apparently  without  effort." 

On  the  sheet  containing  a  printed  call  for  the  meeting  of 
the  Second  Congress  of  Women  in  Chicago,  1874,  Mrs.  Howe 
wrote : 

"  Dear  Mrs.  Chace.  Are  you  intending  to  attend  our  Con- 
gress, and  to  write  something  for  us  on  the  subject  of  Crime 
and  Reform.''  I  will  talk  of  this  with  you  when  we  meet  in 
Providence  on  Oct.  1st." 

Alice  Fletcher  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''New  York,  Oct.  26th,  187 Jf.  At  the  Executive  session  of 
the  Ass.  for  the  Advancement  of  Women,  held  during  the 
Second  Women's  Congress  in  Chicago,  111.,  you  were  elected 
as  Vice-President  for  Rhode  Island." 


[56] 


Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Cheney 

"11th  mo.,  12th,  187 J),.  Last,  evening  we  went  to  the 
Shakespeare  Club  at  the  Benedict  House.  It  was  quite  a 
brilliant  affair.    They  read  Henry  the  Eighth. 

"This  morning  came  Radical  Club  tickets  and  an  invitation 
to  Mrs.  Sargent's  reception,  a  week  from  next  Sunday  even- 
ing. I  got  a  charming  letter  from  Wendell  Phillips  this 
morning.  And  what  does  thee  think  it  was  about.''  Why, 
nothing  more  nor  less  than  all  about  that  colored  man,  and 
his  finding  Horace,  and  how  well  Horace  managed  the  case, 
and  his  gratification,  etc.  I'll  bring  the  letter  when  I  come, 
but  it's  too  good  to  let  you  have.  I'm  afraid  it  might  set  you 
up  too  much  and  too  suddenly.  So,  I'll  keep  it  to  set  my- 
self up  with." 

The  year  of  1874  was  filled  not  only  with  the  matters 
already  noted,  but  with  Woman  Suffrage  work.  Mrs.  Chace 
presided  at  meetings ;  she  wrote  articles  to  the  Providence 
Journal  about  the  Cause;  as  President  of  the  R.  I.  Society, 
her  name  headed  the  list  of  signers  to  a  Memorial  presented 
to  the  Legislature.  When  the  Judiciary  Committee  failed  to 
make  a  response  to  this  Memorial,  her  name  again  headed  the 
list  of  officers  who  publicly  protested  against  this  indifference 
on  the  part  of  the  committee  "to  the  respectful,  conscientious 
appeal  of  a  respectable  body  of  men  and  women,  in  behalf  of 
the  wives,  mothers  and  daughters  of  Rhode  Island." 

When  a  hearing  was  granted,  Mrs.  Chace  appeared  before 
the  committee  to  plead  for  the  Cause,  and  once  added  her 
word  thus ;  when  James  C.  Collins  was  speaking  on  the  Woman 
Suffrage  side,  he  referred  to  the  "decisions  of  the  Supreme 
Court  in  giving  children  to  the  father  in  case  of  divorce." 
Mr.  Sheffield,  of  the  committee,  remarked  that  that  was  dis- 
cretionary with  the  court;  Mrs.  Chace  said,  "The  court  is  all 
men." 

[57] 


Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Cheney 

"1st  mo.,  3rd,  1875.  Now  I  must  tell  thee  about  the  party. 
Alia  Foster  came  at  midday.  The  evening  guests  were  from 
Providence,  Pawtucket  and  Valley  Falls.  The  *  months'  came 
into  the  parlor  in  procession,  and  looked  finely.  Then  they 
played  pantomime  crambo,  and  then  we  had  supper; — 
escalloped  oysters,  chicken  omelet,  biscuits,  ice  cream,  snow 
pudding  and  cake,  oranges  and  grapes.  Then  the  company 
scattered  around.  Some  looked  at  photographs ;  most  played 
'Shouting  proverbs,'  'Drop  the  handkerchief,'  etc.,  and 
finally,  the  crambo  again. 

"At  supper,  we  had  had  those  popping  things  with  caps 
in  them.  They  took  out  the  caps  and  put  them  on,  and  kept 
the  explosiA'es  till  twelve.  Then  all  stood  in  a  circle,  holding 
together  by  the  ends  of  these,  and,  just  at  twelve,  exploded 
them.  Then  after  a  little  while,  all  went  away  who  did  not 
stay  all  night. 

"Alia  went  yesterday  afternoon.  When  everybody  is  gone, 
we  cannot  help  being  lonesome.  I  want  some  change.  This 
house  is  too  large  for  Lillie  and  me. 

"Evening.  Lillie  and  I  have  been  to  Free  Religious  meet- 
ing. It  does  me  good  to  go  there.  Thursday,  we  are  to  have 
a  public  Woman  Suffrage  meeting,  and  the  same  evening  the 
quarterly  meeting  of  the  Free  Religious  Society,  at  the  W.  S. 
rooms." 

Mrs.  Chace  spent  a  month  on  the  Island  of  Appledore  in 
the  summer  of  1875.  Her  pleasure  was  great  in  the  fulfill- 
ment of  chaperone  function  to  three  or  four  maidens  in  her 
immediate  group,  and  she  liked  it  when  the  young  men  flocked 
around  them. 

There  were  yacht  races  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  Island 
that  summer.  General  Butler  was  there,  sailing  his  yacht 
America  and  winning  the  race  against  the  Resolute,  which 

[58] 


was  then  in  the  temporary  possession  of  Rufus  Hatch.  The 
sea  around  Appledore  was  dotted  thick  with  other  yachts. 
Mrs.  Chace  perceived  the  beauty  of  the  white-sailed  boats 
moving  over  the  waters,  but  she  was  not  wholly  decided  in 
opinion  about  the  races.  She  admitted  that  racing  in  itself 
was  innocent,  but  she  feared  that  it  excited  the  gambling 
spirit,  and  she  probably  thought  that  many  persons  were 
betting  on  the  races,  who  really  were  refraining  as  completely 
as  she  was  herself.  I  knew,  by  the  competent  testimony  of 
Captain  Wyman,  who  was  one  of  the  party  on  the  Resolute, 
that  not  a  person  on  that  racing  vessel  had  made  the  smallest 
bet  upon  any  sailing  fortune.  I  doubt  however  if  Mrs.  Chace 
knew  it,  and  I  presume  she  felt  a  little  needless  trouble  about 
that  yachting  party. 

Dr.  Hedge,  John  Weiss,  Mrs.  Ednah  D.  Cheney,  David 
Wasson,  Julius  Eichberg,  Levi  Thaxter  and  Col.  William  B. 
Greene  were  all  at  Appledore  for  shorter  or  longer  periods 
during  that  summer.  It  was  a  brilliant  season  of  successively 
brilliant  days.  One  evening,  on  the  hotel  piazza,  there  was 
grave  discussion  of  the  origin  of  evil.  Mrs.  Cheney  gently 
stated  her  conviction  that  God  was  good,  notwithstanding 
some  circumstantial  evidence  to  the  existence  of  a  malevolent 
force.  She  said  that  the  pain  of  life  was  in  the  nature  of 
kindly  discipline,  the  administration  of  which  did  not  reflect 
upon  the  benign  character  of  the  Creator. 

"Ah,"  replied  Mr.  Wasson,  "you  would  not  put  your  Daisy 
through  such  a  course  of  sprouts.  Just  try,"  he  added,  "to 
imagine  a  God  infinitely  powerful  and  infinitely  good,  sitting 
down  deliberately  to  make  a  mosquito." 

John  Weiss  said:  "It  would  be  easier  to  understand  many 
things,  if  we  accepted  the  theory  that  there  are  two  Creators 
of  existence,  one  good  and  the  other  bad.  But  I  cannot 
accept  that  theory.  My  mind  simply  rejects  it,  because  of 
something  in  its  own  constitution." 

[59] 


Whittier  was  on  the  Island  for  a  week  this  summer.  There 
had  not  been  much  previous  acquaintance  between  him  and 
Mrs.  Chace,  but  they  were  old  Abolitionists  and  Quakers. 
I  remember  once  looking  into  the  hotel  sitting-room  as  I 
stood  outside  on  the  piazza.  It  was  evening,  and  there  in  the 
soft  lamp  light  sat  the  poet  and  Mrs.  Chace.  "They  are 
taking  comfort  together,"  whispered  some  one  who  stood 
gazing  with  me. 

One  day  at  Appledore,  Mr.  Whittier  was  asked  whether 
he  had  agreed  with  Mr.  Garrison  or  Mr.  Phillips  when  thej' 
parted  company. 

"I  agreed  with  Phillips,"  said  Whittier.  "I  had  not 
thought  like  him  on  all  preceding  questions,  but  he  was  clearly 
right  in  that  last  issue  with  Garrison  about  dissolving  the 
Anti-Slavery  Society.  That  Society  had  no  right  to  go  out 
of  existence  at  that  time." 

"  Of  course  he  was  right ! "  said  Frank  P.  Stearns,  who  was 
standing  by. 

William  Lloyd  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Aug.  3,  1875.  Your  letter  to  wife  has  just  been  received. 
This  answer  may  reach  you  too  late  with  reference  to  your 
departure  from  Appledore  tomorrow,  but,  whether  you  and 
Lillie  come  to  us  on  Wednesday  or  Thursday,  it  will  be  equally 
agreeable  and  pleasant  to  us. 

"I  wrote  Mrs.  Thaxter  on  the  Woman  Suffrage  question, 
enclosing  some  copies  of  my  rhyming  effusion. 

"Friday  afternoon,  I  accompanied  William  [L.  Garrison, 
Jr.]  to  Jaffrey,  N.  H.,  and  returned  home  last  evening,  hav- 
ing made  a  very  enjoyable  excursion.  I  made  no  attempt 
to  ascend  Monadnock,  but  the  mountain  presented  a  grand 
appearance." 

In  the  autumn  of  this  year  Mrs.  Chace  solicited  Colonel 
Higginson's  assistance  in  behalf  of  a  boy,  whose  girl  wife 

[60] 


had  appealed  to  her.  The  lad,  to  whom  the  fictitious  name  of 
Roswell  is  here  given,  had  enlisted,  committed  some  offence, 
and  been  sentenced  to  a  long  imprisonment  in  Fort  Adams. 
Colonel  Higginson  thought  at  first  that  he  would  try  to  get 
Roswell  off  on  the  plea  that  his  enlistment  was  itself  null, 
because  it  had  happened  when  he  was  drunk,  but  afterwards 
decided  that  it  would  be  wiser  to  take  another  course  in  the 
matter. 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higginson  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Newport,  R.  I.,  Sept.  27th,  1875.  Various  delays  have 
intervened  about  poor  Roswell.  It  is  rather  a  difficult  matter 
to  know  just  what  wires  to  pull,  though  I  have  no  doubt  of 
the  ultimate  result.  The  trouble  is  that  the  fact  of  intoxica- 
tion, though  really  the  strongest  ground  to  urge,  is  also  by 
far  the  most  risky  ground,  for  this  reason:  that  it  makes 
it  too  serious  an  affair.  There  are  heavy  penalties  for  enlist- 
ing a  man  intoxicated,  and  this  makes  it  almost  essential  for 
the  recruiting  officer  to  resist  the  charge  of  having  done  so, 
by  false  swearing  if  necessary.  If  I  urge  this  man's  release 
on  that  ground,  the  government  may  say,  'Certainly;  prose- 
cute the  recruiting  officer  and  hold  Roswell  as  a  witness.' 
Then  would  come  trial,  a  court  probably  prejudiced  in  favor 
of  the  recruiting  officer.  If  however  he  is  convicted,  all  right 
for  Roswell,  but  if  Roswell  fails  to  prove  it,  (which  is  very 
probable,  his  witnesses  not  very  strong  or  clear  headed, 
perhaps  even  if  truthful)  then  it  would  all  bring  a  reaction 
against  him,  as  having  tried  to  get  up  a  false  charge. 

"On  the  other  hand,  if  I  try  to  get  him  off  on  the  seemingly 
weaker  grounds  that  he  is  rather  feeble  minded,  has  a  wife 
and  children,  that  makes  it  for  nobody's  interest  to  oppose. 
So  I  have  nearly  decided,  under  advice  of  his  officer,  to  let  the 
intoxication  go,  and  try  on  these  minor  grounds.  I  am  now 
trying  to  get  aid  from  the  Surgeon,  a  humane  man.    Roswell 

[61] 


seems  in  fair  health,  but  the  sergeant  of  the  guard  told  me 
he  was  weak  *here*  (tapping  his  forehead),  and  cried  every 
night  about  his  wife  and  children.  I  have  little  doubt  that  he 
can  get  off,  or  his  sentence  very  materially  shortened,  but 
wish  to  make  sure  of  the  best  way  of  doing  it.  He  told  me 
himself  with  satisfaction  that  the  commanding  officer  was 
authorized  to  shorten  every  sentence  by  one  sixth  for  good 
behavior:  and  he  meant  to  get  that  at  any  rate — 2^  for  3 
years — but  I  am  sure  he  will  do  better  than  that. 

"  There  is  no  real  hurry  about  it  for  the  reason  that  every 
day  of  imprisonment  makes  people  in  authority  more  willing 
to  excuse,  and  vindicates  what  is  called  the  'majesty  of  the 
law.'  I  shall  proceed  as  fast  as  I  can  but  don't  be  impatient, 
for  every  day's  delay  really  increases  the  chances  of  success. 

"Tell  Mrs.  Roswell  to  keep  up  a  good  heart  and  I  think 
we  shall  succeed." 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higgixsok  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Newport,  Dec.  17,  1875.  Roswell's  pardon  arrived  to- 
day. I  worked  through  Burnside,  and  S.  through  Anthony; 
but  I  don't  know  which  method  effected  the  result, — nor  do 
I  care.  Burnside  has  never  written  me  a  word  in  answer 
to  my  letters." 

Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  Oct.  7th,  1875.  Your  paper  is  received  with 
many  thanks,  but  I  hope  that  your  sending  it  does  not  mean 
that  you  will  not  attend  the  Congress.  I  want  a  discussion 
of  'ways  and  means  of  prevention'  [of  crime]  at  the  next 
Congress.  Dear  friend,  if  you  cannot  attend,  would  you  be 
willing  to  help  our  friend  Mrs.  Churchill  to  afford  the 
journey.'*  Her  help  was  very  important  to  us  last  year.  I 
am  very  poor  this  year,  but  if  necessary,  I  will  give  $5.00 
rather  than  not  have  her  at  hand.     I  wish  very  much  that 

[62] 


we  might  have  your  presence  at  the  Congress,  particularly 
to  help  us  take  up  this  terrible  subject  of  crime  at  close 
quarters," 

Mrs.  Chace  did  not  attend  this  Congress. 

William  Lloyd  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  Oct.  29,  1875.  Health  and  happiness,  and 
affectionate  greetings,  accompanied  with  congratulations  in 
regard  to  the  success  of  your  Suffrage  anniversary.  I  shall 
be  glad  indeed  if  anything  I  said  at  the  meetings  was  of  any 
service  to  the  Cause;  but  I  do  not  like  to  take  the  platform, 
and  make  the  Suffrage  movement  almost  the  only  occasion 
to  do  so." 

In  an  undated  manuscript  of  Mrs.  Chace's,  which  was 
undoubtedly  written  in  this  18T0  decade,  we  find  this  bit  of 
noble  self-revelation: 

"I  am  not  much  in  the  habit  of  talking  about  myself;  and 
as  a  practice,  have  ordinarily  strong  objections  to  it.  But, 
now,  in  order  to  explain  fully  my  position  in  this  matter,  I 
shall  have  to  make  myself  a  prominent  figure  in  my  statement. 

"Long  ago,  when  I  was  a  young  woman,  I  began  to  try  to 
learn  how  was  the  best  way  to  live  in  this  world,  so  as  to  avoid 
everything  that  was  proved  to  be  injurious  and  therefore 
wrong  in  practice  or  principle.  And  so  it  came  to  pass,  that 
many  practices  common  in  the  world,  I  learned  to  consider 
wrong,  and  therefore  it  became  a  principle  with  me  that  they 
should  be  discarded  and  protested  against.  Leaving  the 
Society  of  Friends  because  I  found  that  they  violated  their 
principles  and  that  I  could  not  remain  with  them  without 
stifling  my  own,  I  became  associated  in  ideas,  and  in  moral 
fellowship  with  reformers  ;  and  through  all  my  middle  life  and 
up  to  this  time,  my  acquaintances,  my  friends,  my  associates 

[63] 


have  been  mainly  among  people  who,  living  in  the  world,  have 
yet,  in  a  certain  sense,  lived  apart  from  it,  bearing  before  it, 
in  their  lives,  a  continual  testimony  against  its  evil  habits. 
And  thus  certain  principles  have  become  so  interwoven  and 
fixed  in  every  fibre  of  my  moral  constitution  that  it  is  im- 
possible for  me  to  look  with  any  favor  upon  any  violations 
of  those  principles.  I  do  not  claim  any  credit  that  it  is  so, 
I  could  not  help  its  being  so.  Probably,  in  all  these  direc- 
tions, the  circumstances  surrounding  me  have  been  favorable 
to  such  results.  My  life  has  been  apart  from  any  tempta- 
tion to  sacrifice  such  principles.  It  has  been  easier  for  me  to 
follow  them,  than  to  violate  them.  I  am  no  more  to  be  praised 
than  blamed  that  it  is  so." 

Mrs.  Chace  and  her  daughter  Lillie  spent  a  large  portion 
of  the  winter  of  1875-76  with  Mrs.  Cheney  in  Boston.  At 
this  time  they  renewed  their  acquaintance  with  Mr.  Conway, 
who  had  returned  to  America  for  a  short  visit  after  an  absence 
of  twelve  3^ears. 

The  primary  object  of  this  sojourn  in  Boston  was  Mrs. 
Chace's  health,  which  had  been  seriously  affected;  and  while 
she  was  there  she  underwent  a  severe  surgical  operation. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  A.  D.  Lockwood 

"Boston,  1st  mo.,  26th,  1876.  I  have  been  absent  from 
home,  and  also  prevented  by  illness  from  attention  to  my 
duties  on  the  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Reform  School,  etc., 
ever  since  the  commencement  of  your  month — Dec. — at  the 
School,  when  you  said  you  would  look  into  the  matters  I 
presented  to  your  consideration  some  months  ago. 

"Have  the  hours  of  instruction  in  the  [Reform]  School 
rooms  been  altered  and  if  so  to  what  other  hours.'' 

"Has  any  change  been  made  in  the  seating  of  the  girls  in 
the  Chapel,  and  if  so,  what  change.'' 

[64] 


"Has  the  superintendent  been  forbidden  to  inflict  corporal 
punishment  upon  the  girls? 

"Have  there  been  any  other  changes  made,  with  a  view  to 
render  the  institution  more  reformatory  in  its  character? 

"Are  parents  still  permitted  to  place  young  children  in  the 
Reform  School  as  boarders? 

"Is  what  is  called  'the  girls'  play  ground'  still  used  for 
laundry  and  other  purposes?" 

It  is  hardly  conceivable  that  it  should  have  been  so,  but 
up  to  this  time  of  Mrs.  Chace's  effort,  parents  had  been  per- 
mitted to  "board"  their  children  at  the  Reform  School. 

The  first  public  suggestion  of  any  plan  for  a  State  Indus- 
trial School  in  Rhode  Island  was  made  in  the  report  of  the 
Board  of  Lady  Visitors  for  this  year;  and  the  treatment 
which  the  whole  report  received  in  the  Legislature  led  to  the 
writing  of  the  following  letter : 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Governor  Henry  Lippitt 

"Vallei/  Falls,  R.  I.,  3rd  mo.,  1876.  My  appointment  on 
the  Women's  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Penal  and  Correctional 
Institutions  of  the  State,  which  I  received  at  your  hands  for 
this  year,  I  am  now  compelled,  respectfully,  to  resign.  My 
experience  on  this  Board,  for  nearly  six  years,  has  convinced 
me,  that  this  Office,  which  confers  on  its  holders  no  power  to 
decide  that  any  improvement  shall  be  made  in  the  govern- 
ment or  workings  of  these  institutions,  is  so  nearly  useless, 
that,  I  am  forced  to  the  conclusion,  that,  for  myself,  the  time 
spent  in  the  performance  of  its  duties,  can  be  more  effectively 
employed  elsewhere. 

"That  the  influence  of  women  is  indispensable  to  the  proper 
management  of  these  institutions,  I  was  never  more  sure  than 
I  am  at  this  moment ;  but,  to  make  it  effectual,  that  influence 
must  be  obtained  by  placing  women  on  the  Boards  of  direct 

[65] 


control,  where  their  judgment  shall  be  expressed  by  argument 
and  by  vote. 

"A  Board  of  women,  whose  only  duties,  as  defined  by  the 
law,  are,  to  visit  the  Penal  and  Correctional  institutions  of 
the  State,  elect  its  own  Officers,  and  report,  annually,  to  the 
Legislature,  bears  within  itself  the  elements  of  weakness  and 
inefficiency.  And,  if  the  annual  reports  contain  any  exposure 
of  abuses,  they  are  sure  to  give  offence  to  the  managers,  to  be 
followed  by  timidity  and  vacillation  in  the  Board  of  Women 
itself. 

"Our  late  Report,  written  with  great  care  and  conscien- 
tious adherence  to  the  truth,  which  called  the  attention  of  the 
Legislature  to  certain  abuses  in  one  of  our  institutions,  and 
to  some  defects  in  the  system  established  in  the  others,  has, 
thus  far,  elicited  no  official  investigation  or  action;  has 
brought  censure  upon  us  from  the  press,  and  great  dissatis- 
faction has  been  created  in  our  own  body  by  the  failure  of  a 
portion  of  its  members  to  sustain  the  allegations,  to  which 
the  entire  Board  with  the  exception  of  one  absentee,  had 
affixed  their  names. 

"  When  the  State  of  Rhode  Island  shall  call  its  best  women 
to  an  equal  participation  with  men  in  the  direction  of  its 
penal  and  reformatory  institutions,  I  have  no  doubt  they  will 
gladly  assume  the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  such  positions ; 
and  I  am  also  sure  that  the  beneficent  results  of  such  coopera- 
tion will  soon  be  manifest,  both  in  benefit  to  individuals  and 
in  safety  to  the  State.  But,  in  the  present  circumstances, 
I  must  most  respectfully  decline  to  serve,  any  longer,  on  the 
Advisory  Board  of  Women." 

Notwithstanding  her  resignation  in  March,  Mrs.  Chace 
was  persuaded  a  few  months  later  to  accept  again  service  on 
the  Board  of  Visitors,  as  certain  concessions  were  made  to  her 
opinion,  and  reforms  started  in  the  management  of  some  of 

[66] 


the  institutions  in  question.     At  a  later  period  she  retired 
finally  from  the  Board. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  John  Weiss 

"Valley  Falls,  6th  mo.,  16th,  '76.  The  other  day,  when 
thee  spoke  to  me  about  my  trouble  at  the  wine-drinking  at 
Appledore,  I  had  no  unpleasant  feeling  over  it  as  a  matter 
personal  to  myself;  and  therefore  I  was  so  excessively  dis- 
concerted by  thy  apology  for  what,  on  reflection,  thee  con- 
sidered a  rudeness  to  me,  that  I  could  say  nothing  in  reply. 

"Indeed,  I  had  not  thought  of  it  in  that  light  at  all,  and 
was  quite  sorry  to  have  thee  troubled  about  it  in  that  way. 
But  there  is  another  way  in  which  I  was  troubled  by  it ;  and 
this  I  think  I  ought  to  explain  to  thee. 

"There  is,  evidently,  a  wide  difference  of  opinion  between 
thee  and  me  on  the  question  of  wine-drinking  itself.  So  wide, 
that  my  judgment  in  regard  to  it  is  so  entirely  foreign  to 
any  thought  of  thine,  that  it  is  impossible  for  thee  to  see  that 
it  can  be  a  vital  question  with  me.  Otherwise,  I  am  sure  thee 
would  never  have  regarded  my  objections  in  the  light  thy 
words  implied.  And  so,  it  has  seemed  to  me,  ever  since  I  met 
thee  in  Boston,  that  I  ought  to  tell  thee  why  I  was  troubled 
by  the  wine-drinking  at  Appledore. 

"I  have  lived  long  enough  in  this  world  to  see  many  men 
of  fair  promise,  acquiring,  by  the  social  custom  of  wine- 
drinking,  an  appetite  for  strong  drink,  which  has  finally 
destroyed  their  manhood,  wrecked  their  lives,  and  buried  them 
in  the  drunkard's  grave.  I  am  acquainted  with  prisons,  with 
almshouses,  with  insane  asylums,  with  houses  where  children 
are  sent  because  they  have  gone  astray,  having  nobody  to  care 
for  them.  I  know  pauperism,  crime  and  wretchedness  in  the 
streets  and  in  homes.  And  careful  inquiry,  searching  investi- 
gation, long  study  have  convinced  me  that  the  one  over- 
shadowing cause  of  all  this,  is  the  use  of  alcoholic  drink. 

[67] 


"There  are  other  causes, —  ignorance,  unfortunate  circum- 
stances, accidents ;  cruel  dispositions,  etc. ;  but  this  one  great 
evil  outweighs  them  all. 

"In  my  judgment,  founded  on  long  experience,  and  con- 
firmed by  the  testimony  of  keepers  of  Penal,  Reformatory 
and  Charitable  institutions,  this  one  habit  sends  more  people 
into  prisons,  almshouses  and  asylums ;  makes  more  unhappy 
homes,  more  imbecile  and  vicious  children,  more  of  everything 
we  all  deplore,  than  all  other  causes  combined.  Could  all  the 
pauperism,  wretchedness,  insanity,  crime,  in  the  civilized 
world,  be  measured  and  counted  and  traced  to  [its]  origin, 
it  would,  I  believe,  be  found  to  be  a  fact  that  the  use  of 
intoxicating  liquor  outweighs  all  else.  If  I  hear  in  answer 
to  this,  that  it  is  the  abuse  and  not  the  use  that  does  this,  I 
reply  that  the  use  leads  to  the  abuse.  Nobody  begins  by 
drinking  excessively.  The  use  creates  an  appetite  which, 
in  most  cases,  gradually  demands  an  increase. 

"I  suppose  there  are  people  who  can  continue  the  habitual 
use  of  wine  or  other  alcoholic  drink  through  their  lives  with- 
out drinking  to  what  is  called  excess.  But  I  have  been  com- 
pelled to  believe  that  the  exceptions  are  very  few,  among 
habitual  drinkers  of  these  beverages,  of  persons  who  do  not 
sometimes  drink  so  much  as  to  be  mentally  and  physically 
so  affected  thereby,  that  I  should  call  them  intoxicated. 

"Does  thee  wonder  that,  with  all  this  staring  me  in  the 
face,  I  am  troubled  when  I  see  men  and  women,  who  have 
great  gifts  and  large  influence  over  others,  indulging  in  this 
dangerous  habit.'' 

"But  there  is  more  even  than  this.  If  we  admit  that  there 
may  be  persons  who,  though  drinking  wine  or  other  strong 
drink  will  never  become  drunkards,  and  will  in  no  wise  be 
morally  debased  thereby,  in  themselves,  then  their  example 
is  all  the  more  dangerous  to  others.  A  young  man  would 
scarcely  wish  to  follow  in  the  path  of  the  loathsome  inebriate, 

[68] 


JOHN     VVKISS 


but,  when  he  sees  the  persons  to  whom  he  listens  for  instruc- 
tion, indulging  in  wine-drinking  and  not  appearing  to  be 
injured  by  it,  he  is  more  likely  to  follow  their  course,  which 
may  be  to  him  the  direct  road  to  ruin. 

"Therefore,  thinking  all  this,  was  it  strange  that  when 
I  heard  Dr.  Hedge  preach  a  sermon  on  our  moral  responsi- 
bility for  the  effect,  however  remote,  of  everything  we  do, 
I  could  not  help  marvelling  that  he  could  sit  in  that  great 
dining  room,  in  the  presence  of  four  hundred  people,  drink- 
ing his  wine,  without  thinking  that  he  might  thereby  be  leading 
some  young  men  into  habits  fatal  to  their  future  welfare.? 

"Now  can  I  be  mistaken  in  all  this?  If  I  am,  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  it.  But  whether  I  am  or  not,  I  am  sure  thee 
will  kindly  admit  that  thinking  as  I  do,  I  could  not  be  other- 
wise than  troubled  at  that  daily  wine-drinking  at  Appledore, 
and  I  know  thee  will  believe  that  I  can  be  no  other  than  most 
sincerely  thy  friend." 

John  Weiss  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"July  5,  1876.  I  don't  think  I  shall  any  longer  regret  my 
little  escapade  at  Horticultural  Hall,  since  it  seems  to  have 
been  the  cause  of  your  excellent  letter.  At  almost  every  point 
you  state  my  own  convictions  upon  the  great  question;  and 
I  am  quite  alive  to  the  evils  mentioned  by  you. 

"Every  man  must  have  a  substantial  reason  for  his  own 
action;  therefore  I  cannot  undertake  to  go  into  the  matter 
of  other  people's  examples,  nor  furnish  them  with  apologies. 
I  must  only  take  care  of  my  own.  And  I  think  that  some  time 
ago  I  explained  to  you  how  my  life  was  saved  and  my  whole 
habit  placed  upon  a  robust  and  effective  basis  by  the  use, 
long  sustained,  of  the  article  which  is  so  frequently  abused. 
And  to  this  day,  I  am  saved  in  that  way  from  many  incon- 
venient and  debilitating  troubles.  Don't  tell  me  that  you 
don't  see  wh}'  it  was  particularly  necessary  for  me  to  live; 

[69] 


I  have  a  prejudice  for  surviving,  and  as  long  as  I  survive 
I  want  to  keep  my  machine  in  the  best  possible  working 
condition. 

"When  I  was  a  young  ascetic,  I  was  an  invalid;  and  for 
long  years ;  so  that  I  now  astonish  the  people  who  used  to 
know  me.  At  the  critical  moment  the  proper  advice  stepped 
in,  and  the  constitutional  repair-way  was  indicated.  I  now 
have  my  choice  to  fall  out  of  line,  or  to  finish  the  series  of 
tasks  which  I  have  set  before  me. 

"My  Shakspeare  Lectures  went  to  press  this  morning." 

Mrs.  Chace  to   the  Providence  Journal 
[Extract] 

"In  behalf  of  our  falling  and  fallen  sisterhood,  I  appeal 
to  the  City  government  for  the  appointment  of  a  Matron  and 
Assistant  Matron  for  every  police  station  in  the  city.  They 
should  be  women  of  good  character  and  wise  judgment,  and 
such  provision  should  be  made  for  their  comfort  that  suitable 
women  would  be  induced  to  accept  such  positions." 

Mrs.  S.  Clough,  Secretary  of  the  Temperance  Union, 
TO  Mrs.   Chace 

*^  Providence,  June  19th,  1876.  I  take  the  liberty  to 
address  you  to  thank  you  for  your  recent  Appeal  to  our  city 
government  for  the  appointment  of  Matrons  in  the  police 
stations. 

"After  reading  your  Appeal,  I  prepared  a  form  of  petition, 
and  presented  it  to  the  Temperance  Union,  asking  that  body 
to  circulate  it  for  signatures.  They  voted  unanimously  to 
do  so,  and  also  to  invite  the  City  Missionary  Society  to  co- 
operate with  us.    The  petition  reads  thus : 

"  'We,  the  undersigned,  women  of  Providence,  heartily 
sympathize  with  Mrs.  Elizabeth  B.  Chace  in  her  recent  appeal 
to  our  City  Government  in  behalf  of  the  fallen  "Sisterhood." 

[70] 


We  have  long  desired  that  some  provision  should  be  made, 
whereby  the  women,  so  often  arrested  on  the  streets,  should 
be  committed  to  the  keeping  of  their  own  sex.  We  therefore 
reiterate  her  request ;  and  earnestly  beseech  your  honorable 
body  to  immediately  "appoint  a  Matron  and  Assistant  Matron 
in  each  police  station  in  the  city,  and  to  make  such  provision 
for  their  comfort,  as  shall  inducewomen  to  accept  the  appoint- 
ment who  are  in  every  way  fit  for  the  position."  ' 
"I  hope  this  meets  your  approval." 

Gov.  Henry  Lippitt  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"State  of  Rhode  Island, 

Executive  Department. 
Providence,  June  26th,  1876. 
"I  have  your  note  of  the  25th  accepting  the  appointment 
on  the  Board  of  Lady  Visitors,  etc.,  and  am  very  much  obliged 
for  your  kindness  in  this  respect. 

"I  have  a  number  of  applications  for  the  position,  and 
doubt  not  shall  be  able  to  fill  the  Board  up  with  acceptable 
persons ;  and  before  doing  so  should  like  to  consult  you." 

F.   D.  Blaisdell  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Office  of  Superintendent,  Rhode  Island  State  Farm, 

July  1st,  1876. 

"Your  kind  letter  came  to  hand  this  morning;  not  having 
jieard  from  you,  and  not  deeming  it  prudent  to  send  Maggie  C. 
out  into  the  world  as  before,  we  have  made  an  arrangement 
to  send  her  to  the  Sisters  of  Mercy,  believing  it  to  be  much 
better  than  to  allow  her  to  go  at  large. 

"I  fully  agree  with  you  as  to  the  unsatisfactory  accom- 
modations for  grading  and  separating  the  females,  (in  the 
State  Farm  institutions,)  although  I  am  satisfied  that  com- 
munication between  the  sexes  has  been  greatly  checked  by 
constant  vigilance. 

[71] 


"The  rhubarb  [a  gift  from  Mrs.  Chace's  garden,]  came 
in  good  time,  and  was  given  to  the  inmates  in  shape  of  sauce, 
which  was  relished.  I  have  not  yet  tried  the  gingerbread, 
and  am  not  fully  decided  about  it.  I  am  glad  to  know  that 
you  have  consented  to  accept  the  position  on  the  Ladies' 
Board." 

It  is  impossible  to  say  now  why  "gingerbread"  presented 
to  Superintendent  Blaisdell  a  problem  in  relation  to  the 
"inmates"  A^^hich  he  found  difficult  of  solution! 

Gov.  Henry  Lippitt  to  Mes.  Chace 

"Providence,  JuUj  13th,  1876.  Your  note  of  the  12th 
reached  me  this  morning,  and  I  regret  not  having  seen  you 
yesterday. 

"Mrs.  Doyle  has  not  positively  declined,  and  It  is  my  in- 
tention to  see  her  in  a  few  days  and  try  to  prevail  upon  her 
to  accept  the  position  for  another  year,  which  I  am  in  hopes 
she  will  do ;  if  not,  I  will  with  pleasure  appoint  Mrs.  Aldrich, 
if  that  meets  j'our  approbation." 

Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"July  27th,  1876.  I  have  had  you  in  mind  ever  since  ray 
return  from  Alfred  Love's  Peace  Convention  in  Philadelphia, 
where  I  suffered  many  discomforts,  the  greatest  of  which 
were  caused  by  the  absurd  mismanagement  of  the  Convention. 
To  begin  with.  Love  is  a  weak  man.  He  allowed  Shakers  to 
describe  their  doctrines, —  Spiritualists  to  deliver  messages 
from  the  other  world, — lunatics  to  rave,  and  so  on.  The  dis- 
order of  the  five  days  of  meeting  was  disgraceful.  No  business 
meetings  were  held.  Mrs.  Mott  was  in  the  chair.  She  is 
in  her  dotage,  and  the  unprincipled  and  designing  use  her 
presence  and  influence  as  a  cover. 

[72] 


"We  had  some  good  things  at  the  meeting,  certainly.  We 
had  addresses  in  French,  German  and  Italian,  which  I  inter- 
preted. We,  also,  proposed  and  carried  an  Address  to  the 
Working  People  of  both  hemispheres,  which  I  wrote  mainly, 
embodying  in  it  two  paragraphs  furnished  by  Mr.  John 
Fretwell. 

"I  write  to  you  because  your  name  is,  with  mine,  as  vice- 
president  of  the  U,  P.  U.,  which  is  only  a  small,  Philadelphia 
affair.  Now  the  foreign  delegates  who  took  part  in  the  Con- 
gress are  much  disgusted  with  Alfred  Love's  management. 
Some  of  us  are  moving  to  try  for  a  better  Peace  Convention 
in  the  Autumn  in  Philadelphia,  probably  on  Oct.  2nd  and  3rd. 
The  subject  is  becoming  too  important  to  be  left  to  crazy 
heads  and  weak  hands.  Will  you  try  and  help  us  to  hold  this 
independent  Convention  and  to  organize  a  sounder  and  better 
Peace  Association,  a  really  international  one? 

"I  will  come  up  to  meet  you  in  Providence,  if  you  do  not 
intend  to  come  down  here.  Pray  write  me  a  line  about  this 
soon,  and  believe  me  always,  yours  affectionately." 


[73] 


CHAPTER   TWENTIETH 

Family  Life;  Correspondence  with  Governor  Lippitt; 
Kindergarten  ;  Resignation  from  the  Providence 
Woman's  Club  upon  its  Refusal  to  Admit  a  Colored 
Woman  to  Its  Membership;  Letter  from  William  C. 
Gannett;  Extracts  from  Mrs.  Chace's  Writings; 
Work  to  Get  the  State  Home  and  School  Estab- 
lished; Dissatisfaction  with  the  Reform  School; 
Family  Events;  Letters 

IN  the  Autumn  of  1876,  Mrs,  Chace  spent  a  month  in 
Philadelphia  for  the  purpose  of  attending  the  Centennial 
Exposition.  She  stayed  with  her  cousins,  Anne  Vernon  and 
Mary  Lee  Buffum,  a  part  of  the  time,  and  during  the  rest  she 
visited  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Enoch  Lewis ;  and  every  one  who  has 
been  a  guest  in  the  Lewis  home  knows  that  that  was  an  experi- 
ence of  pure  enjoyment. 

Returning  to  Valley  Falls,  Mrs.  Chace  began  her  accus- 
tomed life  as  housekeeper,  hostess  and  reformer,  but  calamity 
interrupted.  Andrew  Carnegie's  mother  was  a  guest  in  the 
house  and  a  party  had  been  invited  for  the  evening,  when  a 
telegram  arrived  bringing  word  that  Horace  Cheney  was 
dangerously  ill  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  and  his  wife  had 
been  staying  for  a  few  weeks. 

Arrangements  were  hurriedly  made,  and  Mrs.  Chace  and 
Lillie,  with  two  servants  and  Horace  Cheney's  little  girl, 
started  that  night  for  Philadelphia.  Clara  Holmes  joined  us 
there.  We  found  young  Mrs.  Cheney  exhausted,  and  for  a 
week  we  fought  a  losing  battle  with  death. 

[74] 


We  returned  to  Valley  Falls  and  brought  with  us  a  widowed 
girl-mother. 

Horace  Cheney's  brilliant  life  ended  so  early,  that  it  left 
little  on  earth  but  the  memory  of  its  promise ;  but  because  of 
that  fine  promise,  and  because  he  was  so  dear  to  Mrs.  Chace, 
it  seems  appropriate  to  insert  here  the  following  letter : 

Wendell  Phillips  to  L.  B.  C. 

"Friday.  I  read  in  the  morning  papers  the  notice  of 
Mr.  Cheney's  death,  with  the  sincerest  sympathy  for  you  all, 
and  with  great  regret  for  our  loss.  An  honest,  high  minded 
lawyer,  one  so  ready  to  work  for  the  friendless,  and  one  whose 
standing  gave  so  much  weight  to  his  words, — the  times  will 
miss  such  a  servant.  I  had  heard  that  he  was  working  too 
hard, — beyond  his  strength,  the  sword  wearing  out  the  scab- 
bard. Hard  to  hold  such  souls  back !  But  be  sure  his  few 
years  have  been  crowded  with  labors  that  are  not  and  never 
will  be  forgotten;  this  very  hour  I  listened  to  warm  praise 
and  hearty  appreciation  from  one  of  our  leading  colored  men 
who  seemed  deeply  touched  by  the  news  of  his  death. 

"I  am  very  sorry  I  cannot  be  with  you,  but  am  just  leaving 
for  New  Hampshire, — an  engagement  it  is  too  late  to  post- 
pone, and  that  makes  it  impossible  for  me  to  reach  you  in  time. 
Give  my  warmest,  most  affectionate  sympathy  and  regard  to 
your  sister  and  mother  and  believe  me,  tenderly  yours." 

The  winter  months  moved  heavily  and  sadly.  Mrs.  Chace 
was  often  ill.  She  was  growing  old,  and  was  subject,  at  this 
time,  to  sudden  attacks  of  violent  pain.  But  her  interest  in 
public  beneficence,  and  the  demands  upon  her  for  action  and 
advice,  all  went  on  unceasingly. 

It  was  not  merely  that  she  did  not  want  to  live  a  narrower 
life,  she  was  not  allowed  to  do  so. 

[75] 


Gov.  Henry  Lippitt  to  Mas.  Chace 

"Providence,  Dec.  29th,  1876.  Are  you  still  of  the  opinion 
that  the  Lady  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Penal  Institutions  of 
the  State  should  have  equal  vote  with  the  commissioners  in 
charge  of  those  institutions,  so  far  as  relates  to  the  govern- 
ment of  the  female  inmates?  If  so,  will  you  give  me,  by  return 
mail  if  possible,  your  views  on  that  subject  that  they  may 
appear  in  my  annual  message  to  the  next  session  of  the 
legislature. 

"I  should  also  like  to  know,  if  you  have  the  information, 
the  number  of  females  in  the  different  reformatory  and  penal 
institutions  of  the  State." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Gov.  Henry  Lippitt 

"  Valley  Falls,  12th  mo.,  31st,  1876.  Your  letter  of  inquiry 
is  received,  and  I  thank  you  for  the  interest  it  manifests  in 
an  important  question. 

"]My  conviction  that  women  should  have  an  equal  share 
with  men  in  the  management  of  all  Penal  and  Reformatory 
Institutions  not  only  remains  unchanged,  but  is  continually 
confirmed  and  strengthened  by  actual  experience. 

"In  the  case  of  the  female  inmates,  only  women  can  fully 
understand  their  peculiar  characteristics  and  necessities ;  and 
women  only  can  thoroughly  investigate  their  actual  condition 
and  the  treatment  they  receive  at  the  hands  of  those  employed 
in  their  immediate  control. 

"In  the  treatment  of  male  criminals,  the  influence  of  women 
is  also  of  great  usefulness ;  and  will  often  accomplish  more 
for  their  discipline  and  benefit  than  could  possibly  be  eff'ected 
by  the  efforts  of  men  alone.  The  motherly  voice  of  a  kind, 
judicious  woman  will  sometimes  reach  the  hardened  con- 
science, when  that  of  a  man,  equally  wise  and  kind,  might 
appeal  to  it  in  vain.    My  judgment  therefore  is,  that  the 

[76] 


Boards  of  direction  and  control  of  all  these  institutions 
should  be  composed  of  both  men  and  women,  endowed  alike 
with  power. 

"There  cannot  be  two  bodies,  one  of  men  and  the  other  of 
women,  having  an  equal  voice  in  the  management  of  the  same 
institution.  And  where  one  is  vested  with  power  and  the 
other  is  not,  it  is  vain  to  expect  harmonious  or  useful  coopera- 
tion to  any  very  valuable  extent. 

"In  the  counsels  of  a  Board  of  men  and  women,  the  aid  of 
the  women  would  be  found  to  be  invaluable,  from  their  keen 
insight  into  character,  their  clear  moral  perceptions,  and 
their  large  experience  in  all  household  arrangements. 

"It  is  therefore  my  settled  conviction  and  earnest  wish, 
that  our  Legislature,  at  its  next  session,  should  make  some 
provision  whereby  women  shall  be  appointed  on  each  one  of 
the  following  Boards :  State  Charities  and  Corrections,  In- 
spectors of  the  State  Prison,  and  Trustees  of  the  Reform 
School. 

"I  cannot  immediately  say  what  is  the  number  of  our 
female  prisoners ;  but  it  is  usually  less  than  one-third  that 
of  the  male. 

"Will  you  allow  me  to  suggest  that  you  do  also  recommend 
to  the  Legislature  the  establishment  of  an  industrial  school 
for  the  prevention  of  juvenile  criminality." 

Beginning  in  1876,  Mrs.  Chace  supported  a  kindergarten 
in  Valley  Falls  for  seven  or  eight  years.  It  was  designed 
primarily  for  the  children  of  factory  families,  but  was  open 
to  others,  and  her  own  grandchildren  attended  it.  She  con- 
tinued this  work  at  an  annual  expense  to  herself  of  nearly  a 
thousand  dollars,  until  she  thought  it  had  passed  the  experi- 
mental stage,  after  which  she  believed  it  should  be  maintained 
by  the  public,  and  she  made  some  unsuccessful  effort  to  have 
the  kindergarten  system  adopted  by  the  town  authorities  as 

[77  1 


part  of  the  public  education.  Her  income  was  never  so  large 
that  she  could  easily  devote  several  hundred  dollars  in  a  single 
year  to  a  single  charitable  object,  and  she  finally  gave  up  her 
kindergarten;  partly  because  she  became  less  able  to  furnish 
the  necessary  money,  partly  because  she  felt  that  her  private 
benevolence  in  that  direction  prevented  the  development  of 
the  public  conscience  in  the  matter,  and  largely  because  her 
increasing  age  and  frequent  illnesses  made  the  management 
of  the  kindergarten  too  great  a  tax  upon  her  strength. 

Samuel  P.  Colt  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  Feb.  28th,  1877.  Can  you  give  me  any  case 
where  our  statute  which  allows  a  husband  by  his  will  to 
appoint  a  guardian  for  his  children  has  worked  injustice 
upon  the  mother.'*  At  our  first  hearing  either  Mrs.  Campbell 
or  Miss  Garlin  referred  to  this  law  as  one  'that  should  make 
any  man  blush.'  If  you  should  know  or  can  ascertain  any 
cases  in  which  the  father  has  appointed  by  will  a  guardian 
for  his  children,  and  thus  deprived  the  mother  of  their  cus- 
tody, I  will  be  obliged  if  you  will  let  me  know." 

No  record  has  been  found  of  Mrs.  Chace's  reply  to  the 
foregoing  important  request  for  her  aid. 

Gov.  Henry  Lippitt  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  March  31st,  1877.  I  duly  received  your  note 
of  the  27th  inst.,  and  was  not  unmindful  of  your  suggestion 
in  relation  to  the  proposed  'Industrial  School'  which  met 
with  my  hearty  approval. 

"You  will  notice  by  the  reports  in  the  newspapers,  that 
the  Bill,  which  passed  the  Senate  nearly  unanimously,  was 
killed  by  the  stupidity,  (I  can  call  it  by  no  softer  name)  of 
the  House  of  Representatives.  The  Legislature  voted  yester- 
day  over   $200,000    for   building   Prisons    and   expense    of 

[78] 


state  Farm,  etc. ;  but  do  not  think  it  necessary  to  devote  one 
twentieth  part  of  that  sum  for  the  prevention  of  crime,  and 
to  help  keep  the  coming  generation  out  of  prison. 

"I  am  satisfied  however  it  will  come  at  last,  and  we  must 
keep  trying." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth  K.  Churchill 

"  4^th  mo.,  13th,  1877.  I  cannot  acknowledge  that  I  have 
'cast  off'  any  of  my  friends  'because  they  do  not  view  any 
question  from  my  precise  point.'  I  certainly  have  always 
known  that  thee  and  I  differed  widely  in  our  opinions  con- 
cerning theology,  and  Christianity,  and  all  matters  pertain- 
ing to  religion.    Still,  this  has  not  separated  us. 

"But,  when  thee  says,  'if  you  require  agreement  upon  all 
points  that  you  deem  vital  and  involving  principle,  your 
friends  must  be  few,'  if  thee  means  moral  principle,  it  is  in  a 
measure  true,  so  far  as  close,  intimate  friendship  is  concerned. 

"Of  course,  I  can  be  friendly,  and  often  am,  toward  per- 
sons who  seem  to  me  defective  in,  or  even  destitute  of,  moral 
principle,  but  I  cannot  take  them  to  my  heart,  and  feel  or  act 
towards  them  as  I  do  towards  persons  whom  I  love  because 
their  ideas  of  right  and  wrong  are  true  and  just,  and  their 
actions  are  in  accordance  therewith. 

"In  the  Woman's  Club,  Mrs.  Palmer  declares,  as  I  am  told, 
that  with  her,  it  is  a  principle,  that  people  of  different  races 
should  not  mingle  together.  If  she  is  sincere  in  believing  so, 
and  acts  conscientiously,  although  I  consider  her  mistaken, 
I  respect  her  for  standing  by  her  beliefs,  until  she  learns  that 
it  is  a  prejudice  born  of  the  oppression  of  one  race  by  another, 
which  has  produced  its  legitimate  result  of  hatred  of  the 
oppressed  by  the  oppressor.  If  she  is  honest,  I  have  no  doubt 
but  the  example  and  arguments  of  those  who  see  more  clearly, 
will,  in  time,  lead  her  to  see  the  injustice  of  her  position 
towards   the   colored   people   of  this    country,   now   become 

[79] 


'bone  of  our  bone,  and  flesh  of  our  flesh,'  and  so  established 
among  us  that  they  cannot  be  removed,  and  cannot  be  kept 
separate  even  by  cruel  treatment. 

"But  when  those  women  in  the  Club  who  did  not  hold 
Mrs.  Palmer's  belief,  and  who  claim  that  they  have  been  'life- 
long Abolitionists'  sacrificed  their  principles  to  please  those 
who  shared  with  Mrs.  Palmer  her  prejudices,  and  relentlessly 
trampled  under  their  feet  a  person  of  colored  skin,  I  cannot 
accord  to  them  the  respect  which  I  give  to  her.  When  some 
of  those  women  were  of  the  number,  who  for  years  had  been 
pleading  the  cause  of  disfranchised  womanhood,  and  now,  for 
the  sake  of  drawing  into  their  circle  women  of  the  conserva- 
tive, prejudiced  classes,  were  Avilling  to  reject  and  to  crush 
a  woman  more  than  disfranchised,  worse  than  ill-paid,  more 
outraged  than  themselves,  I,  certainly,  with  my  lifelong 
principle,  that  we  should  reach  out  our  hand  farthest  toward 
those  whom  others  repel,  could  not  regard  them  as  I  did, 
when  I  supposed  them  to  be  governed  by  the  principles  of 
justice  and  equality." 

Mrs.  Chace  goes  on  to  describe  the  manner  in  which  the 
controlling  members  of  the  Providence  Woman's  Club  had 
met  the  protest  which  she  and  a  few  others  had  made  against 
the  action  of  the  Directors  of  the  Club,  in  refusing  admission 
to  a  colored  woman,  and  adds : 

"What  shocked  me  more  than  anything  else,  more  even 
than  the  rejection  of  the  colored  woman,  far  more  than  any 
personal  ill  treatment  of  the  protesters,  was  the  inability  of 
the  Directors  to  see  that  there  was  any  principle  involved 
in  the  matter,  and  their  utter  disregard  of  what  we  claimed 
to  be  with  us  an  inviolable  one.  .  .  .  This  melancholy  affair,  of 
the  Woman's  Club,  has  given  me  more  pain  than  I  would  ever 
voluntarily  incur  again." 

[80] 


As  Mrs.  Chace  has  stated  in  her  Reminiscences,  she  and 
her  daughters  resigned  their  membership  in  the  Providence 
Woman's  Club,  when  it  became  evident  that  its  majority 
would  not  adopt  a  policy  which  made  no  discrimination 
among  applicants  for  membership  "on  account  of  race  or 
color,"  It  was  a  disappointment  to  ^Nlrs.  Chace  and  her 
daughters  to  withdraw  from  the  Club,  as  they  had  anticipated 
much  enjoyment  in  the  social  opportunities  it  would  afford 
them.  Living  as  they  did  at  a  distance  from  the  city,  more 
or  less  ostracized,  or  ignored,  as  they  had  always  been  by 
city  society,  it  was  with  much  regret  that  they  found  them- 
selves unable  to  take  with  clear  consciences  the  happiness 
wliich  they  had  felt  would  be  theirs  in  the  Club  companionship. 

William  C.   Gaxxett  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"St.  Paul,  Minn.,  May  1st,  1877.  It  was  good  to  get  thy 
letter  and  see  thee  as  I  read  it.  I  could  hear  thee  say  some 
parts  of  it, — just  so.  No,  I  shall  not  be  back  before  you 
close  your  meetings,  or  I  should  enjoy  coming  again  to  Provi- 
dence, and  to  Valley  Falls,  where  is  really,  among  the  kindly 
opened  homes,  the  one  I  most  enjoyed  coming  to.  Thee  won't 
tell  that.  But  don't  think  I  don't  appreciate  my  good  times 
at  thy  home. 

"Thee  don't  need  this  explanation, — but  I  think  thee  does 
need  to  see  the  Moody  matter  in  a  different  light; — though 
thee  sees  it  as  almost  all  my  friends  do,  and  I  may  live  to  see 
with  them.  /  think  the  trouble  is  they  are  too  much  like 
Mr.  Moody  himself,  too  literal! 

"When  thee  has  lived  as  long  as  I  have  [he  was  more  than 
thirty  years  younger  than  Mrs.  Chace]  thee  will  see  that  with 
most  people  words  don't  express  the  wholeness  of  their  mean- 
ing, and  that  this  is  especially  true  as  to  'religious'  thinkings. 
Talk  with  men  fairly  and  freely,  or  sometimes  even  listen  to 

[81] 


them  all  round  their  talk,  and  you  find  they  bring  out  sides 
of  meaning  that  show  but  little  on  the  outside  statement. 

"To  me  you  seem  to  greatly  misrepresent  Moody  and  his 
friends  by  summing  him  up  as  you  do; — 'fear  of  hell,  and 
escape  depending  not  at  all  on  character  and  conduct.'  Even 
though  a  part  of  Moody's  talk  is  just  this,  to  take  this  for 
Moody  and  Moody's  effect  would  be — for  me — a  shallow 
listening.  Part  of  what  I  tried  to  show  was  that  even  his 
spoken  testimony  was  more  'love  of  Christ'  than  'fear  of 
Hell';  and  another  part  was  that  so  far  from  his  'conversion' 
not  depending  at  all  on  character  and  conduct,  it  did  involve 
a  moral  consecration,  and  that  his  hearers  understood  that. 
And  this  in  spite  of  the  'vicariousness'  that  was  so  much 
emphasized. 

"As  to  thy  other  point,  about  'truth  being  good  for  every- 
body,'— I  fear  I  am  just  that  sinner  that  thee  hopes  I  am 
not, — one  who  believes  that  my  truth  may  not  be  nearly  as 
good  for  a  great  many  people  as  somebody's  else  truth.  But 
then  to  talk  this  way  about  'truth'  at  all  is  really  to  miss 
the  whole  point  of  my  distinction  between  the  substance 
and  the  forms  of  truth,  between  the  essential  meaning  that 
the  mind  is  trying  to  grasp,  and  the  symbols  of  doctrine 
through  which  it  grasps  it. 

"Think  a  little  over  that  word  'imag-ination'  and  the  part 
it  plays  as  a  function  of  our  minds,  and  tell  me,  don't  you 
see  why  the  Evangelical,  with  his  'incarnate'  God,  can  make 
God  real  to  many  a  mind  who  would  hardly  realize  God  at 
all,  as  presented  under  your  or  my  vague  abstractions .''  Don't 
you  see  that  'love  of  God,'  under  the  form  of  a  God  dying 
on  the  cross  for  men,  makes  the  thing  more  real  to  many  than 
'goodness  of  the  Universe'  can  do.'' 

"In  this  sense  I  fully  believe  that  'truth  which  is  not  good 
for  us  may  be  good  for  others,'  the  idea  you  disallow.  I 
believe  in  the  'law  of  relativity'  as  applied  to  conceptions. 

[82] 


"What  follows?  1st,  Let  none  be  dishonest  and  use  other 
people's  symbols  in  order  to  teach ;  but  let  him  be  glad  there 
are  others  to  whom  those  symbols  are  genuine,  who  can  there- 
fore teach  by  them,  and  so  help  thousands  that  he  can't  help 
himself.  2nd,  Let  him  try  to  solve  the  problem  how  these 
inferior  symbols  can  help  at  all.  And  that  I  tried  to  do, — 
my  solution  being  that  there  is  essential  truth  common  to  a 
great  many  varying  symbols.  You  see  the  whole  thing  lies 
in  that  distinction  between  the  substance — largely  moral 
substance,  but  partly,  intellectual  substance  also — and  the 
forms. 

"Think  it  over  and  tell  me — is  all  this  foolishness.'"' 

In  the  early  summer  Mrs.  Chace  took  her  grandchild, 
Bessie,  her  daughters  and  her  carriage  to  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  for  a  few  days  of  driving  through  the  beloved  island. 
Later,  in  consequence  of  friendship  with  James  P.  Tolman 
and  his  sister  Harriet,  Mrs.  Chace  and  her  immediate  family 
spent  some  days  at  Wianno — then  called  Ostervillc,  on  Cape 
Cod.  Because  of  Lillie's  illness  they  all  came  back  to  the 
Homestead  in  July. 

Gov.   Charles  C.  Van  Zaxdt  to  Mrs.   Chace 
"State  of  Rhode  Island,  Executive  Department,  Newport, 

July  3rd,  1877.    I  am  of  the  opinion  that  its  powers  [those 

of   the   Board   of  Lady   Visitors]    might   be   enlarged   with 

benefit  to  the  State. 

"Before  the  receipt  of  your  letter,  I  had  informed  the 

Committee  that  I  desired  there  should  be  no  intoxicating 

spirits  at  the  Presidential  entertainment,  and  that  has  been 

scrupulously  assured. 

"I  am  gratified  at  this  expression  of  your  views,  and  am 

full  of  sympathy  with  them." 

[83] 


Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"I  have  waited  from  day  to  day,  hoping  that  some  one 
would  express,  through  the  Journal,  the  moral  sentiment  of 
Rhode  Island  concerning  the  pigeon  shooting  at  Newport, 
of  which  such  a  detailed  report  appeared  in  a  late  number  of 
your  paper. 

"When  factory  boys  are  arrested  for  cock-fighting,  and 
subjected  to  fine  and  imprisonment,  through  the  agency  of 
the  'Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Animals,'  how 
will  the  difference  be  explained  to  them  between  their  cruel 
crime  and  the  fine  affair  at  Newport,  which  results  in  the 
torture  of  pigeons  by  the  fashionable  and  wealthy  actors? 
Do  not  both  the  cock-fighting  and  the  pigeon-shooting  have 
their  origin  in  the  same  brutal  instincts  as  the  bull-fights  of 
Spain  and  the  gladiatorial  combats  of  ancient  Rome?  And 
shall  Rhode  Island  civilization  do  honor  to  such  scenes?" 

Extracts  from  ax  Article  ox  The  Prevention  of 

Pauperism  and  Crime,  by  Mrs.  Chace,  printed 

IN  THE  Providence  Jourxal,  August  27 

1877 

"The  tendency  to  pauperism  and  crime  has  so  alarmingly 
increased  in  this  country,  that  it  is  become  a  positive  neces- 
sity for  the  safety  of  the  State  that  some  improved  methods 
should  be  adopted  for  its  prevention  and  cure. 

"I  propose  to  discuss  only  the  best  means  of  saving 
the  children  who  have  lately  come  into  existence  under 
circumstances  most  unfavorable  to  the  development  of  good 
character. 

"Of  course,  there  is  no  place  in  the  world  so  excellent  for 
training  as  a  good  home,  but  when  parents  become  a  burden 
or  a  danger  to  the  State,  then  the  Commonwealth  owes  to 
its  own  safety,  and  to  the  children,  such  provision  as  shall 

[84] 


preserve  them,  if  possible,  from  following  in  the  parental 
footsteps. 

"Our  State  has  never  yet  made  any  special  provision  for 
the  children  of  drunkards  and  criminals  when  the  parents 
are  condemned  to  imprisonment. 

"Let  us  build  a  home  for  such  children,  and  let  this  home 
fce  so  situated  and  so  managed  that  it  shall  entirely  remove 
its  inmates  from  all  degrading  and  disreputable  circum- 
stances ;  and  let  us  adopt  therein  every  possible  method  to 
train  them  into  good  citizenship. 

"That  the  life  in  it  may  be  as  much  as  possible  like  family 
life,  I  would  have  it  built  in  this  wise.  There  should  be  a  large, 
plain,  central  building,  in  which  should  be  kitchen,  laundry, 
dining-room,  school-rooms,  workshop,  hall  and  sleeping  rooms 
for  adult  persons  emploj'ed  therein.  Then  the  plan  should 
be  to  build  a  circle  of  cottages  around  the  central  house,  all 
facing  toward  it,  with  plenty  of  space  between  them  for  free 
circulation  of  air,  and  also  between  them  and  the  central 
building  for  a  large  playground  and  avenues.  It  would  be 
necessary  to  begin  with  only  one  or  two  cottages.  In  each 
cottage  I  would  place  a  good  woman  and  a  certain  number 
of  children ;  and  this  should  be  their  home.  The  whole  estab- 
lishment should  be  under  the  general  care  of  a  superintend- 
ent and  head  matron,  who  should  also  live  in  a  cottage  in  the 
circle  in  order  to  have  the  whole  institution  under  their  eyes." 

Mrs.  Chace  goes  on  to  explain  that  she  would  have  gardens 
and  workshops,  where  the  children  could  prepare  to  enter 
the  industrial,  self-supporting  world;  and  she  would  have 
school  facilities  provided,  so  that  they  could  acquire  the 
elements  of  a  sound  academic  education.    She  continues : 

"I  would  have  earnest  endeavor  exerted  throughout  the 
whole  of  the  daily  life  of  these  children  to  give  them  a 
thorough  moral  training. 

[85  1 


"I  would  have  the  boys  and  girls  in  this  institution  so 
guarded  and  trained  that  they  should  learn  to  behave  properly 
in  the  presence  of  each  other,  as  children  do  in  families ; 
always  being  taught  that  what  is  wrong  in  one  sex  is  equally 
wrong  in  the  other. 

"I  would  have  the  State  searched  for  the  best  and  wisest 
men  and  women  to  constitute  a  Board  of  Control  for  this 
institution.  They  should  be  persons  of  large  experience  and 
yet  of  such  leisure  as  to  be  able  to  devote  much  time  to  this 
work. 

"These  persons  should  have  no  connection  with  penal  or 
pauper  institutions  because  every  effort  should  be  made  to 
keep  this  school  distinct  from  such  places. 

"Indeed  the  education  should  be  such  as  to  make  it  a 
recommendation  for  any  person  seeking  a  situation,  in  any 
business  for  which  he  is  qualified,  that  he  is  a  graduate  of  this 
school." 

This,  she  said,  should  not  be  a  permanent  home,  but  when- 
ever possible  children  should  be  transferred  from  it  to  proper 
places,  and  the  thoroughly  vicious,  who,  by  no  process  at 
present  known,  could  have  their  evil  propensities  eradicated, 
should  not  be  suffered  to  remain  in  the  institution  beyond 
a  certain  age.  For  such  cases  some  other  place  would  be 
found  necessary. 

She  concludes : 

"I  am  fully  aware  that  an  institution  such  as  I  advocate 
would  involve  great  expense.  But  I  have  much  faith  that  a 
few  years  would  prove  it  a  great  economy.  Indeed,  I  foresee 
that  the  additions  and  extensions  of  our  prisons  and  alms- 
houses which  we  are  constantly  taxed  to  supply,  might  soon 
cease  altogether  and  in  time,  perhaps,  these  places  themselves 
be  nearly  superceded  by  'this  wisest  of  our  State  charities.*  " 

[86] 


The  following  letter  must  refer  to  the  article  which  we 
have  quoted  above.  But  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the 
writer  of  it  seems  to  be  more  impressed  in  behalf  of  the  possi- 
ble matrons  than  of  the  children  in  such  an  institution.  She 
seems  to  see  in  Mrs.  Chace's  plan,  if  it  were  carried  out,  the 
means  whereby  many  conscientious  but  overworked  women, 
then  toiling  in  defective  institutions,  might  labor  to  such 
advantage  that  they  would  feel  that  they  were  not  wasting 
their  lives  so  far  as  improvement  of  the  dependent  class  was 
concerned.  The  writer  was  evidently  a  woman  who  wished  to 
feel  that  she  was  not  merely  earning  her  living,  but  doing 
some  positive  good  to  somebody  when  she  was  giving  service 
to  the  State  as  a  matron. 

Miss  M.  E.  Baker  to  Mrs.  Chace 
^^  Providence,  Aug.  27,  1877.  I  cannot  refrain  from  ex- 
pressing to  you  the  great  pleasure  and  satisfaction  I  felt 
upon  reading  your  article  in  this  morning's  Journal  upon 
Homes.  It  is  the  first  really  practical  thing  I  have  ever  read 
during  my  seven  years'  life  as  a  matron  of  an  Orphans'  Home. 
It  is  teeming  with  good,  sound  ideas  which  ought  to  be  acted 
upon,  and  I  hope  will  be.  I  love  the  work,  and  would  be  very 
glad  to  spend  and  be  spent  in  the  service,  and  finally  die  in 
the  harness.  I  am  however  slowly  coming  to  the  conclusion 
that,  unless  some  improvement  such  as  you  speak  of  can  be 
made,  it  is  an  almost  hopeless  work, —  one  in  which,  I  do 
believe,  many  women  are  sacrificing  their  lives. 

"Will  you  accept  my  warmest  thanks  for  your  noble  plea.'* 
In  the  name  of  scores  of  overworked  matrons,  and  in  the 
name  of  thousands  of  children  neglected,  forgotten  and  starv- 
ing for  a  mother's  love,  I  thank  you." 

Mrs.  Chace  was  thoroughly  dissatisfied  with  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Reform  School,  with  which  she  became  very 
familiar  during  her  service  on  the  Board  of  Visitors.      She 

[87] 


visited  it  constantly  and  brought  home  graphic  accounts  of 
the  way  of  life  there,  and  of  especial  inmates.  It  was  thus 
that  Lillie  obtained  the  close  knowledge  of  the  School  which 
she  combined  with  the  knowledge  of  girl-life  in  factory  tene- 
ments acquired  by  her  own  observation. 

Mrs.  Chace  was  greatly  interested  when  from  this  double 
experience  was  produced  a  story  called  The  Child  of  the 
State. 

Mrs.  George  I.  Chace,  one  of  the  other  members  of  the 
Board,  furnished  some  details  in  a  written  statement  which 
Lillie  did  not  hesitate  to  use,  and  to  represent  the  discipline 
in  her  Reform  School  as  being  almost  as  brutal  as  that  of  the 
real  School. 

Mr.  Frank  J.  Garrison  asked  Mr.  William  D.  Howells  to 
read  the  manuscript.  Mr.  Howells  was  then  editor  of  The 
Atlantic  Monthly.  He  accepted  it,  but  delayed  publication 
for  a  year,  when,  as  a  crisis  was  approaching  in  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Providence  Reform  School,  Mrs.  Chace  wrote 
to  him  urging  him  to  print  it  for  the  sake  of  what  she  hoped 
would  be  the  effect  of  its  appearance. 

He  published  it  in  the  September  number  of  the  Monthly 
in  this  year.  Its  unusual  subject  caused  it  to  attract  much 
attention  throughout  the  country.  Its  Reform  School  was 
recognized  in  Providence,  and  Mrs.  Chace  had  the  gratifica- 
tion of  believing  that  this  work  helped  to  reform  the  original 
School.  Change  had  however  been  fairly  inaugurated  there 
before  the  story  was  printed ;  Mr.  Talcott  had  been  dismissed 
and  new  officers  appointed, —  one  of  whom,  after  the  story 
appeared,  said  to  a  visitor,  "We  do  not  mean  to  turn  out 
from  here  any  more  'Children  of  the  State.'  " 

In  the  early  fall  of  1877,  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  with 
his  son  Frank,  made  a  visit  to  the  Homestead,  spending  a 
Sunday  there.  Another  guest  was  Capt.  John  C.  Wyinan, 
to  whom  Lillie  was  engaged. 

[88] 


At  this  time  Mrs.  Chace  published  in  the  Providence  Jour- 
nal a  letter  entitled  Sunday  Recreations  in  Roger  Williams' 
Park.  There  was  then  much  discussion  about  the  use  to 
which  the  park  should  be  put  on  Sunday.  She  gave  in  this 
article  an  historical  review  of  the  Sunday  question  in  the 
Christian  church ;  and  naturally  made  a  special  statement  of 
the  attitude  which  the  Quakers  had  always  taken  toward  the 
observance  of  the  first  day  of  the  week.  She  told  this  story 
of  her  own  experience : 

"I  remember,  when  I  was  a  child,  making,  in  a  private 
carriage,  a  j  ourney  with  my  father,  which  left  us  on  Saturday 
night  in  a  town  in  Connecticut.  Rising  early  in  the  morning, 
we  commenced  our  travel,  when,  as  we  were  riding  quietly 
along,  my  father,  I  dare  say,  repeating  texts  of  Scripture, 
or  reciting  religious  poetry,  as  was  much  his  wont,  a  solemn- 
visaged  man  came  rushing  bare-headed  out  of  his  house,  and 
called  us  to  halt.  As  we  did  so,  he  said,  'By  the  virtue  of  my 
office  as  a  magistrate  of  this  town,  I  am  obliged  to  order  you 
to  stop  driving  on  the  Sabbath  day.'  My  father,  who  was  a 
Rhode  Island  Quaker  of  the  straightest  sort,  good-naturedly 
explained  our  situation  and  wishes,  and  the  inconvenience  that 
would  result  from  our  being  compelled  to  spend  the  day  in  a 
Connecticut  tavern  (for  I  think  the  man  did  not  offer  us  the 
hospitality  of  his  house),  and  he  finally  permitted  us  to  go 
on.  Passing  the  whipping-post,  which  stood  in  front  of 
the  meeting-house,  we  had  reason  to  be  thankful  that  even 
Connecticut  had  made  some  progress,  since  the  days  when 
Sabbath-breakers  were  subjected  to  its  inflictions." 

Her  conclusion  of  the  whole  matter  is  thus  expressed:  "I 
pray  you,  open  more  green  fields,  plant  more  trees,  invite 
more  singing  birds,  put  up  more  swings,  launch  more  boats, 
run  more  horse-cars,  encourage  everything  that  is  not  wrong 
in  itself,  that  will  lure  away  from  the  haunts  of  vice  the  boys 

[89] 


and  the  girls,  the  men  and  the  women  of  your  city.  Let  these 
healthful  resorts  be  kept  morally  as  well  as  physically  pure, 
by  all  necessary  and  proper  guardianship.  Let  no  saloon  or 
other  place  of  temptation  be  near.  Encourage  the  resort 
thither  of  the  best  and  the  noblest  of  our  people,  that  the 
good  may  outweigh  the  evil.  Let  the  rich  and  the  poor, 
the  cultured  and  the  ignorant,  meet  here  on  common  ground, 
that,  in  the  interchange  of  courtesy  and  good  will,  the  hard- 
worked  and  the  weary,  the  ignorant  and  even  the  vicious  may 
learn  the  gentle  graces,  and  the  sweet  manners  of  refined  and 
cultivated  life;  and  the  proud  and  the  arrogant  may  learn 
sympathy  and  humility,  while  all  may  find  kinship  running 
through  every  strata  of  our  human  life." 

The  following  letter  was  the  result  of  a  jesting  promise 
which  its  writer  had  made  to  Lillie  that  he  would  give  as  much 
that  year  as  she  did  to  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage 
Association.  Mrs.  Chace's  delicate  scruple  was  aroused  lest, 
as  a  consequence,  too  large  a  drain  had  been  made  on  her 
friend's  resources,  and  she  wrote  to  him  that  she  would  get 
him  honorably  released  from  the  fulfillment  of  his  pledge. 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higginson  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Newport,  Oct.  25th,  1877.  It  was  very  kind  of  you,  and 
thoughtful,  to  write  thus  about  my  subscription ;  but  it  makes 
me  think  I  carried  my  little  joke  too  far.  Really  I  can  afford 
the  money  now,  and  though  I  had  not  thought  of  giving  so 
much,  am  not  at  all  sorry  to  have  done  it,  and  shall  send  it 
on  Nov.  1st.  It  only  amused  me  a  little  to  think  how  in  the 
effort  to  exact  a  liberal  subscription  from  Lillie,  I  had  done 
the  same  for  myself.  If  I  could  not  really  have  afforded  it, 
I  should  feel  free  enough  with  you  all  to  say  so;  I  have  no 
false  pride  about  money  matters,  I  think." 

[90] 


Lillie's  health  continued  to  be  such,  that  in  November, 
accompanied  by  her  mother  and  Captain  Wyman,  she  went 
to  Philadelphia  to  receive  special  medical  attention. 

John  C.  Wyman  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"Dec.  W.  I  do  hope  the  doctor  will  be  generous  enough 
to  let  me  see  L.  once  a  week.  I  do  not  believe  it  will  retard 
her  progress  and  it  will  so  greatly  help  mine.  Try  and  per- 
suade him,  her  heart  has  something  to  do  in  securing  her 
restoration,  and  neither  sour  milk  nor  malt  can  reach  it. 
Only  let  me  come  in  once  a  week  as  consulting  physician  and 
his  patient  shall  recover,  for  which  he  shall  receive  all  the 
credit  and  cash  and  I  will  solemnly  promise  not  to  ask  the 
same  liberty  in  regard  to  any  other  patient  of  his." 

John  C.  Wyman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Jan.  5,  1878.  This  excitement  about  the  Whittier  dinner 
recalls  to  my  mind  a  dinner  given  many  years  ago  to  Mrs. 
Stowe,  at  the  time  when  I  was  connected  with  the  publication 
of  the  Atlantic  Monthly.  She  made  it  a  condition  before 
accepting  her  invitation,  that  no  wine  should  be  furnished  at 
the  table,  and  there  was  none,  while  she  was  there.  I  am  really 
sorry  for  Mr.  W.,  for  I  think  I  can  understand  how  he  was 
over  persuaded,  as  also,  that  he  might  have  disliked  to  dictate 
any  conditions,  even  if  he  thought  of  the  matter,  which  very 
likely  he  did  not. 

"I  am  truly  rejoiced  at  the  rigid  enforcement  of  the  Excise 
law  here  in  New  York,  and  while  I  do  not  hope  to  see  N.  Y.  a 
temperance  city,  I  am  glad  to  see  they  are  removing  much 
temptation  by  greatly  reducing  the  number  of  dram  shops. 
If  we  can  only  get  a  chance  to  show  that  pauperism  and  crime 
diminish  in  the  same  ratio  that  we  prevent  the  sale  of  alcoholic 
drinks,  I  believe  we  shall  have  large  numbers  join  us,  who  now 
give  the  matter  no  thought. 

[91] 


"I  think  the  letter  you  sent  me  is  admirable,  and  while  I 
have  been  trying  to  think  our  President  was  trying  to  do  right, 
I  may  be  obliged  to  change  my  mind.  I  don't  like  to  lose  my 
faith  in  his  sincerity  and  genuine  patriotism." 

Mrs.  Chacc,  escorted  by  Captain  Wyman,  went  that  winter 
to  a  Woman  Suffrage  Convention  in  Washington,  District  of 
Columbia,  and  continued  correspondence  on  the  subject  with 
friends  at  home.  , 

Mrs.  Doyle  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Jan.  2nd,  1878.  In  regard  to  our  winter's  work,  I  find 
it  almost  impossible  to  get  interested  in  it,  without  the  in- 
spiration of  your  presence — I  have  so  little  leisure,  that  I 
do  not  seem  to  have  the  interest  for  any  reform  that  I  ought. 
If  it  were  not  for  you,  I  think  I  should  drop  everything  out- 
side of  my  home  for  a  season. 

"I  think  your  suggestions,  in  regard  to  the  Clergy  of  the 
city  being  invited  to  speak  in  our  room,  are  good." 

Sitting  in  the  next  room  to  her  daughter's  sick  chamber, 
Mrs.  Chacc  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Providence  Journal,  of  which 
we  give  nearly  the  whole : 

"Phila.,  Feb.  10,  1878.  Obliged  to  be  absent  from  Rhode 
Island  through  this  winter,  I  have  not  been  unmindful  of  its 
interests ;  and,  when  the  morning  mails  bring  to  my  door  the 
letters  from  home,  and  with  them  comes  the  Providence  Jour- 
nal, I  cannot  but  greet  this  as  a  letter  from  that  larger  family 
scattered  all  over  our  State ;  to  so  many  individuals  of  which 
I  am  bound  by  the  ties  of  Rhode  Island  blood,  through  a 
common  ancestry  of  more  than  two  hundred  years  of  citizen- 
ship. Nothing  relating  to  the  welfare  of  this  family  is  un- 
important to  me,  but  my  feelings  have  been  most  thoroughly 
aroused  by  the  agitation  of  the  question  of  the  establishment 

[92] 


of  a  State  school  for  dependent  children,  which  is  from  day 
to  day  occupying  the  attention  of  Rhode  Island  senators. 
The  discussion  sjiows  such  a  want  of  comprehension,  in  some 
minds,  of  the  real  intents  and  purposes  of  the  earliest  and 
best  friends  of  such  a  school,  and  of  the  importance  of  its 
speedy  establishment,  that  I  feel  called  upon  to  explain  how 
it  came  to  present  itself  to  our  Woman's  Board  of  Visitors, 
and  what  we  meant  by  urging  the  matter  as  we  did  from  year 
to  year,  upon  our  legislators. 

"I  think  the  discovery  of  the  facts  that  all  children  sent 
to  the  Reform  School  must  first  become  offenders  against  the 
law;  must  have  been  arrested,  tried  and  sentenced  as  such; 
the  name  of  the  school  and  their  treatment  therein  as  crim- 
inals, thus  fixing  upon  them  an  ineffaceable  stain,  which  must 
darken  their  whole  lives,  first  suggested  the  idea  that  we  might 
find  a  way  to  save  many  such  children  by  commencing  our 
care  over  them  when  they  were  innocent,  and  making  their 
life  such  as  should  bring  upon  them  no  reproach.  We  found 
that  many  of  the  children  sent  almost  in  infancy  to  the 
Reform  School,  were  consigned  there  for  such  trifling  offences 
as  would  never  have  been  thus  noticed  had  they  not  belonged 
to  the  neglected  class ;  and  yet  here  they  were  forced  into  the 
companionship  of  older,  hardened  criminals. 

"After  the  opening  of  our  State  almshouse  the  number 
of  children  born  there,  and  those  brought  there  with  their 
mothers,  again  demanded  of  us  some  arrangement  which 
should  remove  them  from  the  evil  influences  by  which  they 
were  surrounded.  Believing,  as  I  do,  that  God  sends  into  this 
world  no  human  soul  which  has  not  in  it  the  possibilities  of 
a  pure  and  virtuous  character,  it  was  natural  that  I  should 
see  that  a  grave  responsibility  rested  somewhere  for  the  proper 
education  of  these  children  thus  thrown  upon  the  guardian- 
ship of  the  State. 

"And  although  disfranchised  on  account  of  sex,  and  thus 

[93] 


prohibited  from  the  exercise  of  the  rights  and  duties  of  citi- 
zenship in  this  matter,  I  determined  that  no  word  of  mine 
should  be  wanting  until  some  place  of  safety  was  provided 
for  these  children,  in  whom  lies  the  prophecy  of  great  evil  or 
of  great  good,  according  as  the  duties  thus  devolving  upon 
our  State  are  neglected  or  performed.  As  our  investigations 
progressed,  the  establishment  of  an  institution  gradually 
unfolded  itself,  which  should  be  both  a  school  and  a  home, 
entirely  free  and  separate  from  all  penal  or  pauper  influences, 
wholly  educational  in  its  character,  and  therefore  wholly 
respectable;  that  it  should  be  under  the  control  of  a  choice 
selection  of  men  and  women,  who  had  no  connection  with 
prisons  or  reformatories,  but  who  would  make  it  such  a  place 
as  would  best  develop  the  tendencies  to  good  common  to  chil- 
dren of  human  parentage.  In  all  our  discussions  of  this 
matter,  it  was  never  suggested  that  there  should  be  anything 
about  this  school  to  make  it  less  respectable  than  any  other 
puBlic  school.  Of  course,  it  was  never  our  design  that  this 
should  entirely  supersede,  for  the  present,  at  least,  the  neces- 
sity of  the  Reform  School,  for  such  cases  as  required  penal 
treatment. 

"And,  notwithstanding  much  that  has  been  said  both  inside 
and  outside  of  the  Legislature  of  the  character  of  the  children 
contemplated  by  this  plan,  I  claim  the  benefit  of  large  experi- 
ence and  observation  when  I  say  that,  taken  into  such  an 
institution  as  I  desire  when  they  are  very  young,  they  will 
compare  favorably  with  the  same  number  of  children  taken 
promiscuously  from  all  classes  of  people  in  any  one  neighbor- 
hood in  the  State.  In  regard  to  'truant  children,'  I  suppose 
that  simply  means  all  who  from  any  cause  stay  away  from 
school.  It  does  not  necessarily  follow  that  such  children  are 
inately  bad.  Here  again  my  acquaintance  with  the  homes  of 
our  working  people  gives  me  authority  to  say  there  are  many 
causes  besides  viciousness,  why  children  are  not  always  found 

[94] 


in  school.  Want  of  suitable  clothing,  the  frequent  necessity 
for  the  mother  to  be  at  work  in  the  factory  or  the  shop  at  the 
hour  for  sending  the  children  to  school,  the  natural  love  of 
most  children  for  play,  and  the  irksomeness  of  the  bodily 
restraint  at  school,  are  among  the  innocent  causes  of  this 
absenteeism,  which  no  one  can  deny  is  full  of  danger  to  the 
children.  But  I  have  known  children  in  wealthy  families  to 
require  a  great  deal  of  urging  and  some  coercion  to  get  them 
regularly  to  school  in  good  order.  In  some  large  families, 
where  the  labor  of  the  father  is  insufficient  for  their  support, 
the  labor  of  the  older  children  becomes  needful  to  help  pro- 
vide the  absolute  necessities  of  life,  and  the  temptation  to 
over-state  their  ages  is  too  strong  for  the  parents  to  resist, 
in  order  to  get  these  children  received  into  the  factory  or 
the  shop.  Thus  these  helpful  little  ones  fall  into  the  'truant' 
class. 

"I  cannot  understand  how  there  can  be  a  diversity  of 
opinion  in  regard  to  locating  this  school  at  the  State  Farm. 
But,  as  there  is,  I  feel  obliged  to  state  the  objections,  at  the 
risk  of  repeating  what  I  have  said  in  some  former  communi- 
cation. In  the  first  place,  it  would  make  it  too  far  from  the 
city.  It  is  absolutely  necessary  for  its  success  that  it  should 
be  where  some  of  its  managers  could  visit  it  daily.  In  the  next 
place,  many  and  probably  a  majority  of  the  children  having 
parents  in  some  one  of  the  other  institutions  there,  the  prox- 
imity of  the  school  would  excite  in  these  parents  a  constant 
desire  to  communicate  with  the  children,  which  would  not  be 
for  the  interest  of  the  children,  except  under  circumstances 
more  easily  managed  if  the  school  were  farther  away.  But, 
worse  than  this,  I  am  very  sure  that  the  children,  thus  only 
taken  into  another  house  adjacent  to  the  others,  would  be 
impressed  with  the  idea,  which  would  be  a  true  one,  that  their 
place  was  a  part  of  the  State  Farm  institutions,  and  that  as 
such  its  inmates  belong  to  a  degraded  class.    Such  an  impres- 

[95] 


sion  would,  of  itself,  be  fatal  to  the  success  of  the  school,  if 
its  purpose  were  to  save  its  inmates  from  becoming  paupers 
and  criminals.  If  its  design  were  to  make  such,  no  better  plan 
could  be  devised  to  make  this  a  primary  school  to  prepare 
candidates  for  the  other  institutions.  In  the  public  mind  the 
school  would  be  inseparably  connected  with  the  other  places. 
Visitors  would  go  the  rounds :  the  State  School,  the  Work- 
house, the  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  the  Almshouse,  and  the 
State  Prison — one  series — a  beginning  and  an  ending,  and 
an  unbroken  chain  running  through  the  whole.  The  Board 
of  State  Charities  and  Corrections,  having  this  series  of  places 
under  their  care,  could  not  keep  them  entircl}'  separated  in 
their  minds.  The  spirit  which  governed  one  would  govern  the 
whole,  in  spite  of  the  best  intentions,  and  thus  in  every  way 
would  these  wards  of  the  State  have  their  lives  blighted  by 
the  contamination,  and  a  stigma  would  attach  itself  to  every 
child  brought  up  at  the  State  Farm.  If  Mayor  Doyle  de- 
clared that  no  stigma  attached  to  the  children  of  the  Reform 
School,  he  probably  thought  so.  But  it  shows  that  he  has 
not  followed  out  the  system  in  all  its  workings,  in  the  after- 
life of  those  children.  I  know  that  it  is  not  true.  And  I  could 
tell  instances  of  the  fact,  such  as  cases  of  ladies  adopting  into 
their  households  girls  from  the  Reform  School,  and  carefully 
concealing  from  their  neighbors  the  place  they  came  from 
because  they  knew  that  no  social  courtesy  would  be  extended 
to  them,  from  anybody,  if  the  facts  were  known.  I  was  told 
by  a  lady  who  claimed  to  know  that  the  keeper  of  a  factor^'' 
boarding  house,  in  one  of  our  Rhode  Island  villages,  had 
decided  to  take  into  her  service  a  girl  from  the  Reform  School,, 
having  satisfied  herself  that  she  would  be  a  desirable  help 
to  her.  She  informed  the  young  women  who  boarded  with 
her  of  her  intention.  They,  fearing  it  would  jeopardize  their 
own  reputation  to  be  in  the  same  house  with  a  girl  from  that 
institution,  held  a  consultation,  and  unanimously  agreed  to 

[96] 


leave  the  house  if  its  mistress  carried  out  her  intention;  and 
she  was  compelled  to  yield. 

"A '  bright  and  apparently  pretty  decent  girl  from  the 
Reform  School  told  me  that  if  it  was  known  on  the  street  in 
Providence  that  a  girl  had  been  an  inmate  of  the  Reform 
School,  she  was  sure  to  be  followed  by  vile  men  and  boys, 
with  insult  and  temptation. 

"It  is  better  to  build  up  than  to  hold  down.  There  is  one 
reflection  which  may  be  good  for  us  all,  in  considering  this 
question.  The  whirligig  of  time  and  the  revolutions  of  human 
events  bring  great  changes.  We  have  none  of  us  arrived  at 
that  elevation  in  human  life,  from  which  there  is  no  possibility 
of  descent,  either  for  ourselves  or  our  posterity.  So,  in  pro- 
viding for  an  establishment  of  this  kind,  it  is  well  for  us  to 
consider  what  sort  of  a  place  we  would  choose  for  our  own 
or  our  children's  children,  should  they  ever  come  to  need  its 
protection  and  its  fostering  care,  remembering  also  that  the 
Founder  of  the  religion  which  our  State  so  loudly  professes 
declared,  'Inasmuch  as  ye  have  done  it  unto  one  of  the  least 
of  these,  ye  have  done  it  unto  me.'  " 

In  reference  to  this  letter  of  Mrs.  Chace's  and  the  legisla- 
tive discussion,  the  Providence  Journal  said  editorially : 

"The  debate  has  turned  more  upon  the  location  than  the 
thing  to  be  located ;  and  herein  Mrs.  Chace  has  the  advantage 
of  the  Senators,  that  she  not  only  knows  what  she  is  talking 
about,  but  is  ready  to  say  exactly  and  fully  what  she  means, 
wishes  and  thinks  ought  to  be  doile." 


[97] 


CHAPTER  TWENTY-FIRST 

Renewed  Protest  against  Discrimination  on  Account 
OF  Color;  Last  Visit  of  William  Lloyd  Garrison; 
Letters  from  John  C.  Wyman  ;  Continued  Effort  on 
Behalf  of  the  Children  of  the  State  ;  Mrs.  Chace's 
Letters  from  New  York;  Plea  for  Narragansett 
Indians  ;  William  Lloyd  Garrison's  Funeral  ;  Miscel- 
laneous Correspondence;  Visit  to  Massachusetts 
Prisons  ;  Family  Events  and  Correspondence 

ALL  the  winter  of  1877-78  Captain  Wyman  and  Mrs. 
Chace,  cooperating  in  every  way,  fought  together  the 
battle  that  saved  Lillie's  life,  and  together  they  brought  her 
back  to  Valley  Falls,  in  March.  Some  business  necessity 
called  him  immediately  to  Europe,  and  when  he  returned  in 
June,  it  was  decided  to  postpone  the  marriage  till  autumn, 
in  order  to  give  a  little  business  opportunity  time  to  develop, 
and  to  secure  to  Lillie  a  few  summer  weeks  of  complete  rest, 
before  she  began  any  wedding  preparation.  It  may  be  ques- 
tioned whether  any  mother  and  daughter  were  ever  more 
closely  and  happily  united  in  confidential  relation,  as  to  the 
daughter's  betrothal  experience,  than  were  Mrs.  Chace  and 
Lillie  during  these  months  of  hope,  yet  fear,  lest  the  thread 
of  life  had  been  strained  beyond  its  elastic  capacity. 

Miss  Sarah  E.  Doyle  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Rhode  Island  Woman's  Club,  Providence,  May  3rd,  1878. 
The  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Women  having 
accepted  the  invitation  of  the  R.  I.  W.  Club  to  meet  in  this 

[98] 


city  next  October,  the  club  will  have  a  meeting  at  its  room, 
Atlantic  Building,  Wednesday  evening,  June  5,  at  8  o'clock, 
to  consider  plans  for  the  entertainment  of  the  A.  A.  W. 

"Knowing  your  interest  in  all  subjects  relating  to  women, 
you  are  cordially  invited  to  be  present.  For  the  sake  of  the 
A.  A.  W.,  the  committee  of  arrangements  of  the  club  desire 
to  awaken  a  general  interest  in  the  meeting  in  October." 

This  invitation  to  be  a  guest  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman's 
Club  roused  in  Mrs.  Chace  the  spirit  which,  almost  from  the 
beginning  of  her  Anti-Slavery  life,  had  made  her  determined 
never  to  countenance  anything  like  color  prejudice. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Miss  Saeah  E.  Doyle 

"  Valley  Falls,  6th  mo.,  4,th,  1878.  I  thank  you  for  the 
courtesy  of  your  note.  I  shall  be  very  happy  to  do  anything 
I  can,  when  the  time  comes,  for  the  entertainment  of  the 
A.  A.  W.,  and  I  know  nothing  now  to  prevent  me  from  invit- 
ing some  of  its  members  from  abroad  to  the  hospitality  of  my 
house.  But  I  cannot  accept  your  invitation  for  tomorrow 
evening.  The  attitude  of  the  R.  I.  Woman's  Club  toward  the 
colored  women  of  Rhode  Island  and  its  treatment  of  its  dis- 
senting members  preclude  all  possibility  of  my  cooperation 
or  fellowship  with  it. 

"My  'interest  in  all  subjects  relating  to  women'  is  not 
limited  by  the  color  of  their  skin,  but  includes  all  women, 
and  is  given  most  to  those  who  need  it  most. 

"The  reading  of  an  Essay,  by  a  colored  woman,  on  the 
Colored  Women  of  America,  before  the  Woman's  Congress 
in  1876,  has  deepened  my  interest  in  the  A.  A.  W.,  and,  as  T 
said  before,  I  will  do  all  I  can  to  give  it  welcome  and  support 
in  Providence." 


[99] 


C.  M.  Ingersoll  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Washington,  D.  C,  July  H,  1878.  It  becomes  my  duty, 
as  Secretary  of  the  Chisolm  Monument  Association,  to  con- 
vey to  you  an  invitation  to  give  your  name,  as  Vice  President 
for  Rhode  Island  of  the  C.  M.  A.  Lloyd  Garrison  suggested 
your  name  as  the  suitable  one  for  Rhode  Island.  To  me  it 
seems  the  most  momentous  issue  of  this  time,  that  the  North 
shall  understand  the  true  state  of  our  country,  and  arouse 
itself  to  make  and  execute  laws  that  shall  make  immunity  for 
Chisolm  massacres  no  longer  possible." 

A  large  portion  of  the  summer  of  1878  was  passed  at 
Wianno,  and  in  this  season  began  the  special  friendship  which 
endured  unto  the  end  between  Mrs.  Chace  and  William,  the 
son  of  William  Lloyd  Garrison. 

On  October  29th  of  this  autumn  Lillie  was  married  to 
Captain  Wyman,  William  Lloyd  Garrison  came  again  and 
for  the  last  time  under  Mrs.  Chace's  roof  on  the  evening  when 
his  former  Anti-Slavery  disciple  married  Arnold  Buffum's 
granddaughter. 

That  evening  Mrs.  Chace  gained  the  son-in-law  who  was 
thenceforth  to  do  more  for  her  and  to  live  closer  to  her  need 
than  any  others,  save  two,  of  all  her  kin.  During  the  succeed- 
ing years,  Captain  Wyman  literally  devoted  many  thousand 
hours  to  her  entertainment ;  he  was  unremitting  in  attention 
to  her  minor  desires ;  he  bestowed  large  and  small  service 
constantly  upon  her;  and  she  enjoyed  his  gracious  gayety  as 
she  enjoyed  few  other  elements  in  her  older  life. 

John  C.  Wyman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"A^  Y.,  Thursday.  Do  you  know  how  really  glad  you 
made  my  heart  by  saying  in  your  letter  to  Lillie,  you  did  not 
see  why  I  should  not  call  you  Mother,  and  in  addressing  you 
say  'thee  and  thou'.''    If  love  for  Lillie  warrants  my  free  use 

[  100  ] 


■■ 

^^^1 

^H 

H 

SI 

^^B 

t^BH^^^Bi^^H^^'^'  * 

!yvfl 

Hi 

^hI3 

~> 


<. 


^/I 


Jet.  df 
.Son  o/"  Willinm  Lloyd  Gnrrlsnn 


of  sacred  terms,  I  feel  that  you  simply  accord  to  me  my  right ; 
as  our  love  for  one  and  the  same  person  must  bring  us  very 
near  to  each  other.  To  find  a  wife  and  a  mother,  at  one  and 
the  same  time,  is  such  a  prodigality  of  good  fortune  as  to  make 
one  almost  apprehensive  something  untoward  must  soon 
happen;  but  my  disposition  is  to  look  on  the  bright  side  of 
things ;  and  with  a  loving  and  loved  wife, — a  kindly  and 
generous  Mother,  I  am  going  to  rejoice,  sing  anthems,  and 
believe  my  day  of  Jubilee  has  really  come, — taking  no  thought, 
nay,  more  than  this,  not  permitting  myself  to  think  anything 
can  come  to  darken  or  chill  the  light  and  warmth  of  my 
present  life. 

"Dearly  as  you  love  your  child,  and  near  as  her  happiness 
lies  to  your  heart,  I  do  believe  you  would  be  very  nearly  con- 
tent could  you  see  her.  I  think  I  have  never  seen  her  in  such 
apparent  good  health,  and  I  feel  confident  she  is  going  from 
'strength  to  strength,'  until  firmly  established  in  health. 

"I  must  stop  here  and  catch  my  breath!  This  moment, 
Lillie,  Clara,  Miss  G.  and  Mr.  H.  have  been  in  my  office,  and 
really  L.  looked  as  full  of  fun,  and  seemed  to  be  enjoying 
the  frolic  quite  as  much  as  any  of  them.  They  all  seemed  to 
be  having  a  very  happy  time.  I  was  sorry  not  to  join  them 
in  their  search  for  china-ware  and  other  curiosities,  but  my 
business  compels  me  to  ignore  pleasure  during  the  day.  I  was 
obliged  to  let  them  all  leave  in  charge  of  Mr.  H.,  a  satisfac- 
tory person — no  doubt.  Mr.  H.  is  a  great  comfort  to  me,  for 
I  find  he  has  age,  and  while  I  don't  care  for  any  more  of  it, 
than  I  have,  I  do  like  to  meet  friends  of  Lillie's  who  are  en- 
dowed with  a  liberal  supply  of  years.  With  much  love,  your 
new  son." 

Mrs.  Chace's  efforts  to  obtain  a  State  Home  and  School 
were  incessant.  She  bombarded  the  daily  journals  with 
articles  on  the  subject.      She  appeared  at  a  hearing  of  the 

[101] 


Joint  Special  Committee  of  the  General  Assembly,  and  in 
her  address  referred  to  a  child,  whom  she  did  not  then  name, 
but  who  was  Elisha  Peck,  a  Valley  Falls  boy  with  whom, 
before  he  was  ten  years  old,  her  own  children  had  played.  She 
said,  "One  of  the  worst  criminals  now  in  our  State  prison, 
perhaps  the  one  whom  the  officers  there  would  pronounce  the 
most  hardened  and  incorrigible,  said  to  me,  'I  never  wanted 
to  be  a  bad  man,  but  I  never  had  a  fair  chance.'  " 

The  question  where  the  State  School,  if  established,  should 
be  situated  was  very  seriously  considered  by  her.  A  proposal 
was  made  to  take  the  Chapin  Farm  for  that  purpose,  and  of 
this  plan  she  entirely  approved. 

In  this  autumn,  Mrs.  Chace  published  an  article  in  the 
Providence  Journal,  which  she  entitled  Two  More  Unfor- 
tunates. She  told  therein,  with  comment,  the  story  of  two 
boys  who  had  been  sentenced  to  the  Reform  School,  for 
"vagrancy,"  but  who  were  absolutely  innocent  of  any  offence 
except  homelessness.  "This,"  she  said,  "was  in  the  beautiful 
city  of  Newport,  in  October,  1878,  a  city  that  spends  thou- 
sands of  dollars  on  one  night's  entertainment  of  distinguished 
strangers,  but  could  not  furnish  the  sawing  of  a  pile  of  wood 
to  save  two  poor,  honest  boys  from  starvation  and  misery. 
Are  there  no  women  there  to  make  a  stir  that  shall  undo  this 
terrible  wrong.'"' 

Her  publislied  appeal  had  beneficent  effect  so  far  as  one 
of  the  boys  was  concerned. 

W.  D.  Eldredge  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Prov.  Reform  School,  Nov.  0th,  1878.  Dear  Madam: 
An  application  for  the  'unfortunate'  Jno.  Williams  has 
reached  our  Board  of  Trustees,  and  they  have  decided  to 
place  him  with  Mrs.  Griswold  who  lives  near  the  Stone  Mill 
in  Newport.    Congratulating  you  upon  the  great  good  your 

[102] 


newspaper  article  has  so  speedily  accomplished,  I  remain, 
Very  truly  Yours." 

John  C.  Wyman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"N.  Y.,  Dec.  20.  I  found  your  letter  last  evening  upon 
my  return  to  about  as  comfortable  and  happy  a  home  as  you 
can  find  in  all  New  York.  I  confess  I  smiled  as  I  read  your 
instructions  or  requests  in  regard  to  Mary.  Everything 
shall  be  done  as  you  wish.  I  will  consult  the  weather  report 
in  the  Tribune,  and  be  as  sure  as  one  can  be  about  meteorolog- 
ical conditions,  before  I  assist  or  even  consent  to  her  start- 
ing,— then  go  with  her  to  the  station, — put  her  in  charge  of 
the  conductor, — put  her  in  the  chair  she  is  to  occupy,  and, 
with  my  sternest  tone,  direct  her  not  to  leave  it  till  she  reaches 
Pawtucket.  Nay,  more,  if  she  will  consent,  I  will  have  a  large 
label  printed  with  her  name  and  destination  on  it,  and  attach 
it  to  her.  When  the  train  has  actually  started,  I  will  tele- 
graph you,  and  do,  I  beg  you,  then  go  about  your  usual 
avocations  and  wait  without  worry  or  anxiety  for  her  arrival." 

The  sweet,  gay  spirit  conquered ;  the  saucy  yet  tender 
ridicule  of  her  curious  fears  did  not  indeed  dissipate  her 
nervous  tremors,  but  it  did  really  soothe  and  divert  Mrs. 
Chace,  and  she  grew  to  love  the  chivalry  of  his  homage.  She 
was  fearless  with  him,  and  often  as  the  years  passed,  confided 
to  him  desires  she  would  have  hesitated  to  make  known  to  her 
own  children,  lest  with  filial  freedom,  they  should  inform 
her  that  her  wishes  were  now  going  a  little  "too  far"  in  some 
Quixotic  path.  I  believe  he  executed  every  commission, 
granted  every  request,  and  with  delicate  comprehension, 
sympathized  with  every  feeling  which  she  confided  to  him. 

She  did  not  know  it  herself,  but  she  was  better  fitted  by 
nature  to  get  on  with  men  than  with  women.  She  loved  her 
daughters,  her  daughter  by  adoption  and  her  daughter-in- 
law;  but  in  all  her  dealings  with  feminine  life,  which  was  close 

[  103] 


to  her  own,  she  used  a  touch  that  was  too  constraining, 
exerted  an  authority  that  was  too  confining.  With  men,  on 
the  contrary,  who  bore  similar  relation  to  her,  she  became  a 
little  oddly  passive,  even  in  her  most  strenuous  effort  to  con- 
trol them. 

Mrs.  Chac£  to  the  Providence  Journal 

"It  seems  to  me  to  be  the  imperative  duty  of  all  lovers  of 
the  drama,  who  desire  the  purification  and  improvement 
of  the  modern  stage,  to  patronize,  in  our  best  theatres,  only 
such  representations  as  make  clear  the  distinctions  between 
virtue  and  vice." 

Mrs.Chace  made  a  short  visit  to  her  daughter,  Mrs.Wyman, 
in  New  York. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"Jan.  20,  1879.  The  friends  with  whom  I  am  visiting  and 
myself  haA  e  been  twice  to  hear  Prof.  Felix  Adler,  who  lectures 
every  Sunday  morning  in  Standard  Hall,  before  the  'Society 
for  Ethical  Culture.'  He  is,  as  is  well  known,  the  son  of  a 
Jewish  Rabbi  in  this  city,  has  been  a  Professor  in  Cornell 
University,  but  is  now  living  here,  and  devoting  himself  to 
humanitarian  work.  This  winter,  he  is  delivering  a  series  of 
lectures  on  'the  duties  of  life,'  in  which  he  advocates,  as  the 
essence  of  true  religion,  the  highest  morality,  truthfulness, 
integrity,  absolute  purity  of  heart  and  life,  holding  men 
amenable  to  the  same  law  that  governs  women. 

"Mr.  Adler  does  not  condemn  the  individual  accumulation 
of  property,  but  [he  says]  the  motive  should  be,  not  that  the 
possessor  may  be  enriched  for  his  own  aggrandizement,  but 
that  his  power  of  doing  good  to  those  less  endowed  may  be 
enlarged.  When  we  give  money  to  those  who  render  us  service, 
as  the  physician,  the  lawyer,  the  minister,  etc.,  the  motive 

[104] 


should  be,  not  to  pay  them  for  their  work,  which  should  be 
unselfishly  performed,  but  to  sustain  them  in  the  performance 
of  still  greater  service  to  mankind. 

"The  following  evening,  we  attended  a  reception  given  in 
private  parlors  to  Sojourner  Truth,  the  distinguished  woman, 
once  a  slave  in  New  York,  emancipated  by  the  act  which,  in 
the  year  1817,  set  free  all  the  slaves  in  this  State  over  forty 
years  of  age.  She  is  therefore  at  least  one  hundred  and  five 
years  old.  She  received  the  guests  sitting,  having  been  par- 
tially paralyzed,  but  she  looked  in  good  health,  and  her  re- 
membrance of  friends  whom  she  had  not  met  for  years  is 
remarkable.  Clad  in  a  neat,  plain  garb,  her  bright,  intelligent 
face  beaming  out  from  beneath  a  Quaker-like  cap,  she  looked 
the  prophetess  and  seer  she  has  many  years  been,  in  the  ranks 
of  reform.  When,  after  many  congratulations  followed  by 
music  and  singing,  she  stood  up  and  addressed  the  audience 
for  nearly  an  hour,  though  the  originality  and  brilliancy, 
in  her  utterances  of  many  years  ago,  were  quite  diminished, 
yet  her  spirit,  if  less  fiery,  was  lofty  and  uplifting,  and  her 
repetition  of  some  of  her  old  sayings  was  strikingly  effective. 
One  which  I  remember  having  heard  long  ago  from  her  lips 
was  especially  inspiring  to  me  at  this  time.  In  answer  to  some 
one  who  questioned  whether  she  believed  in  the  everlasting 
existence  of  evil  and  its  punishment,  she  replied:  'Of  course 
not.  Everything  that  had  a  beginning  must  come  to  an  end. 
Goodness  existed  always,  and  therefore  will  be  eternal.  But 
evil  began  with  sin  and  sin  must  come  to  an  end.'  At  a  late 
hour  we  left  her,  still  standing,  her  tall  form  erect  and  steady, 
her  voice  clear  and  strong,  declaring  her  undying  and  un- 
faltering faith  in  the  power  and  the  eternity  of  goodness. 

"Another  evening  we  attended  a  meeting  of  the  'committee 
to  prevent  the  State  regulation  of  vice,'  a  measure  which  has 
been  recommended  in  New  York  by  one,  at  least,  of  its  emi- 

[105] 


nent  physicians ;  and,  what  is  stranger  still,  by  the  Board  of 
Charities  and  Corrections." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"Feb.  10,  1879.  'The  Isaac  T.  Hopper  Home'  had  a 
special  interest  for  me,  because  I  have  long  desired  that  we 
might  have,  in  our  own  city,  a  place  of  refuge  and  reform 
for  the  homeless,  friendless,  sorely  tempted  women,  who  are 
discharged,  unreformed,  from  our  penal  institutions.  I  there- 
fore gladly  accepted  the  invitation  of  one  of  its  managers, 
to  accompany  her  on  a  morning  visit.  This  Home  was  estab- 
lished many  j^ears  ago,  through  the  efforts  of  the  philanthro- 
pist whose  name  it  bears,  and  is  under  the  management  of  the 
Woman's  Prison  Association,  of  which  Abby  Hopper  Gibbons, 
daughter  of  its  founder,  is  the  President. 

"Women  discharged  from  prison  are  invited  to  enter  it 
[this  home]  on  condition  that  they  will  work  for  its  interest 
for  one  month,  and  they  are  there  fed,  clothed  and  furnished 
with  employment.  At  the  expiration  of  that  time  they  are 
permitted  to  go  out  to  service,  making  a  home  elsewhere,  or 
they  go  out  to  work  by  the  day  and  return  for  lodging  at 
night,  paying  a  small  fee  for  whatever  they  require.  If,  on 
going  out,  a  woman  returns  drunk,  she  is  not  received,  but 
sent  to  the  station  house,  although  Mrs.  Gibbons  told  me  they 
overlook,  as  much  as  possible,  slight  offences  of  this  kind,  and 
try  to  keep  a  hold  upon  the  woman  as  long  as  they  can. 

"I  was  very  glad  of  my  visit  to  the  Tombs,  because  its 
name  and  all  I  had  ever  heard  had  given  me  a  gloomy  picture 
of  this  place  of  detention ;  but  I  found  it  better  than  I  ex- 
pected. It  is  dark  and  dismal  and  damp,  but  it  is  kept  very 
clean  and  as  dry  as  good  fires  can  make  it.  Lime  is  used  very 
freely,  even  the  floors  being  whitewashed.  As  we  passed  the 
doors  of  the  cells  in  the  men's  department  and  looked  in  on 

[106] 


their  anxious  faces,  I  was  shocked,  as  I  always  am  in  prisons, 
by  the  large  proportion  of  very  young  men,  some  of  them 
almost  boys,  awaiting  trial  for  murder,  burglary,  robbery 
and  other  heinous  crimes.  I  spoke  of  this  to  two  officers  in 
attendance,  and  one  of  them  replied:  'Yes,  but  they  are  often 
not  very  bad,  if  they  were  handled  rightly.  It  is  the  hard 
times  compels  them  often.  Going  by  a  shop  window,  they  are 
tempted  to  break  a  pane  of  glass  and  take  something.  They 
don't  know  the  law,  but  it  is  burglary,  and  so  they  get  sent 
up  for  five  years.' 

"When  we  know  that  a  lonely  imprisonment  means  in  most 
cases  a  hardening  of  the  heart  and  a  deadening  of  the  con- 
science, so  that  the  man  will  be  a  more  dangerous  person 
when  he  comes  out,  than  he  was  when  he  went  in,  this  being 
'sent  up  for  five  years'  has  an  ominous  sound,  which,  in  the 
case  of  such  boys,  it  is  not  pleasant  to  hear. 

"In  the  woman's  department  the  scene  was  sad  enough. 
The  bloated  faces,  the  bleared  and  bloodshot  eyes,  the  vacant 
stare  of  the  confirmed  victims  of  the  system  which  makes 
drunkards  by  law,  the  young  girls  brought  there  alone,  for 
suspicious  conduct  on  the  street,  the  pale,  worn  faces  of  the 
sorely  tempted  women  whose  self-control  was  insufficient  to 
prevent  the  unlawful  appropriation  of  their  neighbors'  goods  ; 
their  tears  and  wails  over  little  children  left  at  home  with  no 
one  to  care  for  them,  were  heartrending.  The  matron  of  the 
institution  is  a  woman  who  has  occupied  the  position  for 
thirty  years ;  and  she  still  has  a  cheerful  spirit  and  a  kind, 
sympathizing  heart ;  at  the  same  time  she  has  a  strong  will 
and  great  controlling  power.  Her  plain  common  sense  and 
her  sound  judgment  struck  me  forcibly.  I  should  like  to 
see  her  on  the  judicial  bench. 

"From  the  Tombs  we  went  into  the  Court  of  Special  Ses- 
sions, which  sits  close  by,  with  three  judges  on  the  bench. 
Here  two  features  impressed  me  with  sorrow  and  indignation. 

[107] 


The  first  was,  the  presence  of  a  large  number  of  boys,  who 
filled  one-fourth  of  the  seats  for  spectators,  and  they  sat  there 
learning  lessons  which  in  a  few  years  will  bring  many  of  them 
before  the  bar.  The  other  was  the  fact  that,  in  a  trial  for 
assault  upon  a  woman  by  a  man,  in  which  the  testimony  of 
both  was  heard,  the  treatment  of  the  woman  by  a  lawyer  and 
the  judges  was  far  more  harsh  and  offensive  than  that  of  the 
man.  But  my  days  were  not  all  spent  in  these  sorrowful 
scenes. 

"Dr.  John  Lord  is  delivering  a  course  of  lectures  in  Chick- 
ering  Hall,  and  thither,  one  morning,  I  accompanied  a  friend 
to  listen  to  one  on  St.  Augustine. 

"I  heard  Anna  Dickinson's  lecture  on  the  Platform  and 
the  Stage;  and  while  I  assented  to  much  of  her  criticism  of 
the  platform,  the  pulpit  and  the  press,  I  could  not  agree  that, 
as  a  moral  influence,  the  stage  is,  as  she  claims,  superior  to 
them  all.  While  the  manager  of  one  of  the  best  theatres  in 
New  York,  in  putting  upon  the  stage  the  charming  little 
drama  of  'The  Cricket  on  the  Hearth,'  feels  obliged  to  precede 
it  by  a  display  upon  which  no  man  or  woman  ought  to  be 
able  to  look  without  shame,  and  a  sense  of  insult,  I  cannot 
believe  the  moral  effect,  as  a  whole,  of  the  modern  stage  is 
yet  of  a  very  elevating  character.  I  think  it  ought  to  be  what 
Miss  Dickinson  claims  that  it  is. 

"There  is  much  work  for  humanity  in  progress  in  the  great 
world  of  New  York,  a  little  of  which  I  saw  and  much  of  which 
I  heard.  But  nothing  which  I  saw  or  heard  gave  me  so  much 
hope  and  courage  as  the  Kindergartens.  And,  coming  home 
to  Rhode  Island,  I  could  not  but  bring  with  me  a  strong 
desire  that,  in  our  own  city  and  State,  we  should  devise  more 
thorough  measures  than  we  have  yet  tried  for  the  saving  of 
the  children.  The  institution  of  the  State  School  for  depend- 
ent, homeless  children,  which  some  of  us  have  so  sought  for, 
and  the  establishment  of  public  Kindergartens,  seem  to  me 

[108] 


the  two  instrumentalities  most  needed  and  best  fitted  for  this 
purpose." 

In  this  same  month  of  February,  as  soon  as  she  had  returned 
home  from  New  York,  she  wrote  a  long  article  to  the  Provi- 
dence Journal  in  behalf  of  the  Narragansett  Indians.  She 
told  of  a  visit  made  in  the  previous  summer  to  the  village  on 
Cape  Cod,  where  the  ^larshpee  Indians  lived,  and  concluded 
with  an  appeal  that  all  the  ordinary  rights  of  citizenship 
should  be  given  to  the  Rhode  Island  Indians, 

Mrs.   Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"Only  a  few  days  ago,  George  Schofield,  'a  bright,  intelli- 
gent lad  of  twelve  years,'  who  'besought  lodging  at  the  Central 
Station,  and  told  a  pitiful  story  of  desertion  and  cruel  treat- 
ment, which  was  ascertained  to  be  true,  was  taken  before  the 
Court  and  sentenced  to  the  Reform  School  as  a  vagrant. 
Mr.  Eldrcdge  urges  larger  accommodations  [at  the  Reform 
School,]  that  the  boys  may  be  classified  and  separated.  I  say 
that  the  innocent  boys  should  not  be  sent  to  the  same  institu- 
tion [as  the  guilty  ones]." 

James  Lawton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Barlow,  Washington  County,  Ohio. 

Feb.  13th,  1879. 

"I  often  think  of  the  darkness  which  overshadowed  our 
country,  when  a  few  of  us  had  the  temerity  to  oppose  what 
seemed  to  be  the  irresistible  power  of  slavery.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war,  I  was  told  that  there  was  a  combination  of 
ruffians  on  the  other  side  of  the  Ohio  River  who  had  pledged 
themselves  to  kill  a  number  of  persons  on  this  side,  whose 
names  they  had  enrolled,  and  my  name  was  on  the  list.    At 

[109] 


any  time  previous  to  that,  such  information  might  have 
alarmed  me,  but  at  that  time  I  well  knew  that  such  characters 
would  have  other  work  to  do  than  crossing  the  Ohio  for  the 
purpose  of  murder.  But  it  is  probable  such  a  compact  did 
exist,  and  it  is  not  strange  that  my  name  should  be  included, 
for  I  had  often  spoken  against  slavery,  declaring  that  if  there 
was  but  one  abolitionist  in  the  world,  I  wished  to  be  the  man. 
"But  I  have  ceased  to  trouble  myself  much  about  politics. 
Indeed  I  never  did  unless  there  was  a  moral  side  to  the 
question." 

Frederick  Douglass  resumed  his  long-discontinued  habit 
of  making  occasional  visits  to  Mrs.  Chace  when  he  came  into 
New  England,  but  I  cannot  date  exactly  these  various  visits. 
I  remember  that  once  Mrs.  Chace  asked  him  why  he  still  kept 
his  residence  in  Washington,  where,  I  believe,  just  then, 
he  had  no  governmental  business.  He  made  characteristic 
repl3\  "  I  should  rather  live  in  the  North,"  he  said ;  "  all  the 
friends  I  care  most  for,  the  old  Anti-slavery  friends,  are  in 
the  North;  but  there  are  forty  thousand  colored  people  in 
Washington ;  my  wife  is  in  her  element  there." 

William  F.  Chaxxikg  to  Mas.  Chace 

"Providence,  R.  I.,  March  10,  1879.  Are  you  not  moved 
to  reply  to  the  quasi  editorial  in  the  Journal  this  morning, 
entitled,  'Woman  Suffrage  in  England  and  the  U.  S.'.'* 

"I  should  answer  it  if  I  had  not  already  in  this  morning's 
paper  a  short  article  on  the  same  subject.  I  should  possibly 
have  the  advantage  over  you  in  answering  it,  in  that  I  believe 
in  the  freest  and  largest  and  most  universal  suffrage,  and 
utterly  disbelieve  in  limiting  humanity's  right  of  self  govern- 
ment by  the  accident  of  more  or  less  education.  I  am  not 
sure  that  you  are  on  the  aristocratic  side  of  this  question, 
but  believe  you  are.    If  you  are  not,  I  apologize ! 

[  110  ] 


"The  editorial  can  be  answered  however  from  its  own 
ground  of  privileged  and  restricted  suffrage.  The  editorial 
is  spurious  and  cynical  and  suited  to  the  calibre  of  brain  of 
the  average  legislator.  Therefore  it  may  do  us  harm  just 
at  this  time  if  not  answered." 

Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  reply  to  the  article  in  the  Journal 
referred  to  by  Dr.  Channing,  but  she  did  not  enter  into  the 
question  whether  suffrage  should  be  granted  irrespective  of 
education,  and  simply  based  her  claim  on  the  natural  equality 
of  rights  in  men  and  women. 

She  also  wrote  a  paper  upon  Woman  Suffrage  for  the 
Providence  Journal  on  March  18,  1879,  in  which  she  said: 
"If  the  time  ever  comes  when  the  discussion  and  the  decision 
of  practical  questions  affecting  human  welfare  are  based 
solely  on  their  merits,  as  questions  of  pure  ethics,  when  the 
principle  involved  is  the  one  thing  to  be  considered,  then 
indeed  will  the  pathway  of  human  progress  be  a  plain  and 
straightforward  one.  Then,  the  right  or  the  wrong  of  any 
new  theory  or  practice  or  movement  having  been  determined, 
our  acceptance  or  rejection  will  be  in  accordance  therewith; 
and  we  shall  have  no  fear  that  the  result  of  a  decision  so 
arrived  at  will  not  be  satisfactory.  But,  now,  in  our  efforts 
to  secure  justice,  we  are  obliged  to  prove  that  it  works  well 
to  be  just;  in  order  to  remove  wrong  we  have  to  show  that 
it  is  safe  to  do  right ;  to  secure  obedience  to  the  Golden  Rule, 
we  are  compelled  to  prove  that,  if  we  do  unto  others  as  we 
would  have  them  do  unto  us,  we  shall  be  secure  from  harm 
to  ourselves  in  consequence." 

Mrs.  Chace  spent  Anniversary  Week  in  Boston  and  at- 
tended meetings  of  The  Woman's  Suffrage,  Free  Religious 
and  Moral  Education  Societies. 

School  suffrage  had  recently  been  granted  to  women  in 
Massachusetts  and  New  Hampshire ;  she  was  then  very  much 

[111] 


pleased  by  this  concession  of  rights  to  women  and  wrote 
enthusiastically  about  it  to  a  Providence  paper,  but,  as  will 
be  seen,  at  a  later  period  she  felt  very  differently  as  to  the 
desirability  of  obtaining,  or  trying  to  obtain,  partial  suffrage 
for  women.  There  was  one  event,  however,  that  week  which 
transcended  all  others  in  solemn  significance;  William  Lloyd 
Garrison  had  died  in  New  York  on  May  24th,  and  his  funeral 
was  held  in  the  afternoon  of  May  28th  in  the  church  of  the 
First  Religious  Society  on  Eliot  Square,  in  Roxbury. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"  No  other  man  in  this  country,  if  in  the  world,  could  have 
so  stirred  the  heart  of  a  whole  people — indeed  of  a  whole  race, 
on  both  sides  of  the  ocean — as  did  this  man  in  his  dying 
hours.  No  other  man  has  so  stamped  upon  the  age  in  which 
he  lived  the  impression  of  a  life  so  unselfish,  so  heroic,  so  true 
to  principle,  and  so  unsullied  by  a  single  stain,  as  did  he, 
whose  mortal  remains  were  that  day  laid  away  for  their  final 
rest.  It  was  fitting,  as  it  was  beautiful,  that,  in  the  vast  con- 
gregation of  loving  friends,  the  race  should  be  largely  repre- 
sented which  owed,  primarily,  its  deliverance  from  slavery  to 
the  self-sacrificing  labors  of  this  one  man;  that,  among  the 
pall-bearers  of  gray-haired  men  who  had  stood  side  by  side 
with  the  great  reformer  for  many  years,  should  be  one  who 
was  a  fugitive  slave,  and  that  a  colored  choir  should  sing  in 
the  church  and  at  the  grave  the  hymns  he  loved.  No  other 
man  than  Wendell  Phillips  could  so  appreciatingly,  and  so 
magnanimously,  have  given  utterance  to  the  eulogy,  which, 
in  coming  time,  will  go  far  to  mark  this  event  as  one  of  sur- 
passing interest,  such  as  has  closed  the  career  of  no  other 
mortal  man. 

"Not  a  word,  not  a  syllable,  did  the  great  orator  utter  of 
his  own  following  of  the  heroic  leader,  of  his  own  participa- 

[112] 


tion  in  the  grand  life-work  of  Mr.  Garrison ;  but  we,  who  had 
known  them  both  from  their  youth  upward,  as,  side  by  side, 
they  had  laid  their  all  on  the  altar  of  suffering  humanity ;  the 
one  his  'statesmanlike  intellect,'  his  'unerring  sagacity,'  his 
'unequalled  courage,'  his  personal  safety;  the  other  his 
exalted  talents,  his  high  culture,  his  masterly  eloquence, 
his  prospects  of  place  and  renown;  and  both  an  unswerving 
fidelity.  We  were  filled  with  devout  thankfulness  that  when 
one  was  taken,  the  other  was  left  to  tell  the  story  of  the  great 
soul  with  which  his  own  had  been  so  closely  identified ;  and 
when  he  bent  his  majestic  form  over  the  lifeless  body,  we  felt 
he  was  the  one  to  say : 

"'Serene,  brave,  all-accomplished,  marvellous  man!  I  sit 
down  to  contemplate  the  make-up  of  his  qualities.  I  remem- 
ber that  he  was  mortal,  and  yet,  where  shall  we  find  one  among 
those  waging  earnest,  unceasing  effort  to  quell  sin,  to  reform 
error,  to  enlighten  darkness,  to  bind  up  broken  hearts,  his 
equal.?'" 

In  June  Mrs.  Chace  called  the  Providence  Journal  to  ac- 
count for  belittling  the  interest  felt  by  Massachusetts  women 
in  their  newly  conferred  right  of  school  suffrage. 

Sometime  during  this  summer,  she  made  a  pilgrimage, 
accompanied  by  Captain  Wyman,  which  she  called  "a  journey 
of  enquiry  into  the  possibility  of  making  darkened  lives 
brighter."  She  visited  the  Massachusetts  State  Prison  for 
Women  at  Sherburne,  and  the  Reform  School  for  Girls  at 
Lancaster.  She  wrote  an  account  of  her  inspection  of  both 
institutions  in  two  long  articles  which  were  published  in  the 
Providence  Journal,  and  in  M'hich  after  careful  description 
of  what  she  had  seen,  she  reiterated  what  was  her  constant 
thought  in  these  years,  that  the  Children  of  the  State  must 
be  provided  for  in  such  manner  that  they  would  not  naturally 
grow  up  to  be  inmates  of  Reform  Schools  and  Prisons. 

[113] 


In  September,  1879,  Mrs.  Chace's  daughter  Mary  became 
engaged  to  James  P.  Tolman,  whose  deceased  father  had  been 
the  associate  of  Boston  reformers  and  Transcendentalists 
and  who  was  one  of  the  original  members  of  Ralph  Waldo 
Emerson's  Town  and  Country  Club,  of  which  John  C.  Wyman 
was  also  a  member. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  M.  S.  Tolman  to  Mrs,  Chace 

"Green  Lodge,  Osterville, 

Sept.  11,  1879. 
"I  am  informed,  by  a  letter  from  my  dear  James,  that 
your  family  were  'all  cordial'  to  him. 

"Therefore  it  now  onl}^  remains  for  me  to  say  that  I  hope 
his  own  family  will,  as  he  says,  'continue  to  love  and  bless 
him.'  And  this  I  know  will  be  the  case,  if  while  you  gain  a 
son,  I  do  not  lose  one ;  but  rather  gain  a  daughter ;  and  from 
what  I  have  seen  and  known  of  Mary,  I  am  ready  to  welcome 
her  as  such.  I  am  sure  you  will  receive  a  reciprocation,  as 
my  son,  who  is  worthy  of  a  happy  home,  has  been  invaluable 
in  the  one  which  has  thus  far  claimed  liis  entire  love  and  care." 

Captain  Wyman's  only  child  was  born  in  the  Homestead 
in  September. 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higginsox  to  Mrs.  Chace 
"Cambridge,  Oct.  9,  1879.    I  can  come  to  Providence  in 

the  afternoon  of  the  15th  but  can't  yet  promise  the  evening. 
"I  had  heard  about  Mary's  prospects.    My  wife's  family 

at  W.  Newton  know  Mr.  Tolman.    But  I  had  not  heard  about 

Lillie's  happiness,  and  am  greatly  pleased  to  hear  it. 

"I  am  sorry  that  I  did  not  bring  you  and  my  wife  together 

at  the  Festival.    Pray  come  and  see  us." 

Thus  the  interests  all  flowed  on  together  to  make  up  the 
currents  of  Mrs.  Chace's  life, — new  and  old  friendships,  new 
and  old  loves,  births  and  betrothals,  and  always  reforms. 

[114] 


Mrs,  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Oak  Glen,  Newport, 

Oct.  12th,  1879. 

"I  must  pray  you  to  be  patient  and  charitable,  even  beyond 
what  'Friends'  principles'  demand,  in  view  of  my  neglect  of 
your  kind  letter,  received,  I  am  afraid  to  say  how  long  ago. 
Private  business  and  public  undertakings  have  kept  me  very 
busy  for  more  than  a  month  past. 

"I  have  really  had  to  work  up  to  the  extent  of  my  abil- 
ity, having  had  a  very  important  paper  to  furnish  for  the 
A^.  American  Retnew,  and  a  paper  promised  to  the  Woman's 
Congress.  Imagine,  besides  all  this,  a  house  full  of  guests, 
and  a  fashionable  daughter  to  keep  and  conduct,  and  you  will 
think  that  my  wits  may  have  failed  me  now  and  then,  as  they 
certainly  did  when  I  failed  to  answer  thy  letter."  .  .  . 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Staxtox  to  Mrs,  Chace 

"Nov.  12,  1879.  I  owe  you  an  apology  for  not  keeping 
my  engagement  with  you.  I  wanted  to  talk  to  you  about  the 
History  of  Woman  Suffrage  which  we  have  been  publishing 
in  the  National  Citizen.  A  rich  lady  in  New  York,  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Thompson,  promises  to  publish  it  for  us  as  soon  as  we 
are  ready.  ]My  idea  is  to  have  some  capable  person  in  each 
State  write  a  chapter  on  what  has  been  done  there.  Would 
you  or  your  daughters  over  your  name  write  up  Rhode  Island, 
in  as  brief  a  manner  as  possible  to  do  the  work  justice,  giv- 
ing Mrs.  Davis  due  praise  for  what  she  did  and  keeping  all 
personal  antagonisms  in  abeyance  to  the  grand  results 
achieved.'*  We  do  not  desire  to  give  the  world  unimportant 
bickerings,  and  thus  mar  our  grand  movement  in  the  eyes  of 
future  generations,  but  [to]  make  a  fair  history  of  all  that 
has  been  well  done,  and  throw  the  veil  of  charity  over  the 
remainder. 

[115] 


"Of  course  it  is  a  task  of  love,  as  we  can  make  no  money 
on  such  a  History. 

"If  the  American  Association  would  cooperate  with  us 
in  writing  a  great  History,  we  will  agree  that  Mrs.  Gage 
[Matilda  Joslyn]  and  myself  on  one  side,  and  you  and 
Mrs.  Howe  on  the  other,  shall  decide  on  all  that  shall  go  into 
the  published  volumes.  We  might  add  Mr.  Higginson  and 
Dr.  Channing  if  you  think  best.  Let  me  know  what  you 
and  your  daughters  think  of  the  proposition." 

Neither  Mrs.  Chace  nor  her  daughters  joined  in  the  work 
of  preparing  this  History  of  Woman  Suffrage.  Mrs.  Wyman 
was  then  an  invalid ;  Mrs.  Cheney  was  arranging  for  her  second 
marriage.  Mrs.  Chace  and  Mrs.  Wyman  moreover  felt  that 
the  original  differences  with  the  Stantonites  were  not  suffi- 
ciently removed  by  time  to  make  them  desire  public  connec- 
tion with  Mrs.  Stanton's  work. 


[116] 


MARV    f  HASE    TOI.MAN 


CHAPTER  TWENTY-SECOND 

Mrs.  Chace  Memorializes  the  State  Legislature  on 
Behalf  of  the  Dependent  Children  of  the  State; 
Mrs.  Chace  Writes  Governor  Van  Zandt  ;  Letter 
FROM  Mrs.  Ednah  D.  Cheney  ;  Mrs.  Chace's  Daughter 
Mary  Marries  James  P.  Tolman  ;  Family  Life  and 
Letters;  Mrs.  Chace  Writes  about  Mary  Dyer; 
Begins  to  Doubt  the  Wisdom  of  Asking  for  Partial 
Suffrage  for  Women  ;  Writes  an  Historical  Paper 
ABOUT  Soul  Liberty  in  Rhode  Island  ;  Removal  of  the 
Reform  School;  Indignant  Letters  from  Thomas  A. 
Doyle  and  Edwin  M.  Snow;  Mrs.  Chace  on  Legal 
Custom  of  Requiring  Prisoners  to  Plead  Not  Guilty; 
Letter  from  Lucy  Stone  ;  Mrs.  Chace's  Woman  Suf- 
frage Address  in  November;  Goes  to  Washington, 
Attends  Woman  Suffrage  Convention,  Visits  Colored 
Schools,  the  White  House,  and  Frederick  Douglass; 
Studies  the  Color  Question  ;  Writes  Letters  to 
Providence  Journal;  Mrs.  Chace  Addresses  a  Com- 
mittee of  the  State  Senate  on  Woman  Suffrage; 
Letters  from  Samuel  May  and  Frederick  Douglass; 
Mrs.  Chace's  Letter  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

'^It/TEMORIAL  of  Elizabeth  B.  Chace  to  the  Senate  and 
±  y M  House  of  Representatives  of  the  General  Assembly 
of  Rhode  Island. 

"January   Session  1880. 
"I,  the  undersigned,  a  native-born  inhabitant  of  Rhode 
Island,  do  respectfully  represent,  that,  by  careful  enquiry, 

[117] 


I  have  aiscertaincd,  that  there  have  been  since  the  beginning 
of  this  year,  in  the  several  town  poor-houses  of  this  State, 
thirty-one  children  under  the  age  of  twelve  years.  That  there 
were  admitted  to  the  State  Almshouse,  in  Cranston,  during 
the  year  ending  Dec.  31st,  1879,  thirty  boys  and  nineteen 
girls;  and  that  there  remained  on  Jan.  1st,  1880,  fourteen 
boys  and  eight  girls.  Thus  there  are,  throughout  the  State, 
fifty-three  children  consigned  to  such  life  as  the  Almshouse 
affords.  Now  the  Almshouse,  under  the  most  favorable  con- 
ditions, is,  of  course,  inhabited  by  persons  who,  with  few 
exceptions,  have  proved  incapable  of  supporting  themselves, 
or  of  providing  for  their  own  maintenance  in  old  age;  and 
this  incapacity  is  often  the  result  of  their  vicious  lives. 

"Although  in  rare  instances,  respectable  and  worthy  per- 
sons are,  by  unavoidable  misfortunes,  compelled  to  seek  refuge 
in  the  poor-house,  yet,  as  a  class,  the  paupers  are  ignorant, 
idle,  low,  and  often  vicious.  Consequently  they  are,  as  a  rule, 
wholly  unfit  to  have  the  care  of  children,  or  to  be  associated 
with  them.  And  children,  living  under  such  care,  and  exposed 
to  such  companionship,  are  not  likely  to  acquire  the  habits 
and  character  requisite  to  good  citizenship ;  but  are  almost 
inevitably  doomed  to  the  acquisition  of  such  character  and 
such  habits  as  will  render  them,  in  the  future,  a  burden,  and 
a  source  of  expenditure,  as  well  as  danger,  to  the  State. 
There  is  also  a  stigma  that  rests  heavily  upon  persons  who 
have  been  inmates  of  the  Almshouse,  which  must  have  a  de- 
pressing influence  upon  all  children  who  have  been  sent 
thither;  and  this,  added  to  the  direct  debasement  of  poor- 
house  life,  goes  far  to  render  such  training  the  sure  pathway 
to  confirmed  pauperism,  or  to  a  career  of  vice  and  crime. 

"A  few  years  ago,  I  visited  one  of  the  two  Almshouses  in 
the  city  of  Dublin,  where  I  found  six  hundred  inmates.  In  the 
children's  ward,  I  saw  eighty-four  infants  under  three  months 
old,  in  the  arms  of  their  mothers.    Most  of  these  mothers  were 

[118] 


young,  unmarried  girls,  from  fourteen  to  twenty  years  of  age, 
I  enquired  into  the  history  of  these  girls,  and  learned  that 
most  of  them  grew  up  in  the  Almshouse  until  they  were  old 
enough  to  go  to  service,  when  places  were  found  for  them, 
whence  they  soon  returned,  to  add  to  the  inmates  another  set 
of  children,  born  to  the  same  inheritance,  and  doomed  to  the 
same  training;  and  so,  from  generation  to  generation,  this 
type  of  humanity  and  this  sort  of  education  are  repeated. 

"During  the  last  two  years,  a  number  of  boys,  not  over 
fourteen  years  of  age,  have  been  sent  to  our  Reform  School 
as  vagrants,  charged  with  no  crime,  not  even  with  a  fault, 
but  simply  because  they  had  no  homes ;  and  this  institution 
is  the  only  refuge,  outside  of  the  Almshouse,  which  our  State 
has  provided  for  such  children.  Here  they  are  associated 
with  older  boys,  who  are  familiar  with  vice  and  crime,  and 
no  amount  of  care  on  the  part  of  the  managers  can  prevent 
their  initiation  into  all  sorts  of  viciousness.  If,  in  the  future, 
we  are  obliged  to  consign  them  to  the  felon's  cell,  whose  will 
be  the  responsibility.'*  We  cannot  then  deny  that  we  have 
done  all  in  our  power  to  make  them  what  they  are;  not  simply 
by  neglect,  but  by  our  direct  instrumentality.  It  will  not 
suffice  for  our  excuse,  when  some  pitying  looker-on  is  sadly 
gazing  at  them  through  the  prison  bars,  that  we  piously 
ejaculate,  that  'the  way  of  the  transgressor  is  necessarily 
hard.'  For  who  have  been,  in  these  cases,  the  actual  trans- 
gressors.'' 

"In  addition  to  these  classes  are  other  children,  still  living 
in  places  they  call  'homes'  where  drunken  fathers  and  mothers 
abuse,  and  starve,  and  train  to  vice,  the  little  ones  they  have 
brought  into  the  world;  sending  them  into  the  streets  to 
Lecome  idlers  and  beggars,  and  to  learn  whatever  of  evil  our 
streets  afford. 

"In  the  last  report  of  Mr.  Wightman,  Overseer  of  the  Poor 
in  Providence,  occurs  this  passage  on  pauperism:  'One  im- 

[119] 


portant  factor  of  evil  is  the  permitting  of  children  to  grow 
up  into  the  pauper  ranks  or  the  criminal ;  which  is  the  worst, 
one  can  hardly  tell.  There  are  scores  of  children  in  our  city 
today,  whose  doom  is  sealed;  inevitably  they  will  become 
paupers  or  criminals,  and  where  will  be  the  blame?  It  must 
primarily,  and  mainly,  rest  upon  the  community,  because  it 
neglects,  or  refuses  to  use,  the  ounce  of  prevention ;  eventually 
to  resort  to  pounds  of  cure,  through  charity  rolls,  almshouses, 
reformatories,  jails  and  State  prisons.'  In  view  of  all  these 
threatening  conditions,  is  it  prudent,  as  a  matter  of  safety 
and  economy  to  the  State,  to  continue  our  present  system, 
which  involves,  as  we  have  already  experienced  in  Rhode 
Island,  a  constant  increase  of  expenditure  in  the  line  of  our 
pauper  and  penal  institutions  ?  At  the  same  time,  the  increas- 
ing corruption  and  debasement  of  our  people  present  aspects 
so  alarming,  that  no  tongue  or  pen  can  depict  them  in  lan- 
guage sufficiently  strong  or  denunciatory. 

"The  story  of  'Margaret,  the  mother  of  criminals,'  is 
familiar  to  most  readers  of  newspapers.  It  is  that  of  one 
neglected  girl,  who  lived  in  one  of  the  lake  and  forest  districts 
of  New  York,  a  little  more  than  a  hundred  years  ago,  whose 
posterity,  distributed  over  the  State,  a  recent  investigation 
has  shown  to  consist  mainly  of  an  army  of  paupers,  insane 
persons,  prostitutes,  criminals  and  vicious  persons  of  all 
grades. 

"The  State  of  Michigan,  in  1871,  established  by  Legisla- 
tive enactment,  a  '  State  School  for  Dependent  Children,' 
which  is  now  a  flourishing  institution,  that  seems  to  approach 
nearer  to  perfection  than  any  other,  and  has  proved,  from 
year  to  year,  to  be  a  great  blessing  to  the  State.  In  closing 
the  report  for  the  year  1878,  the  Board  of  Control  of  this 
institution  use  the  following  language:  'It  is  a  source  of 
gratification  that  the  success  of  this  institution  still  continues 
to  attract  the  attention  of  social  scientists  and  legislators  in 

[120] 


the  several  States  in  this  country,  and  also  in  Europe.  The 
Michigan  system  of  State  support  for  dependent  children  in 
a  school,  no  taint  of  crime  attaching  to  any  inmate  by  reason 
of  the  manner  of  his  admission,  is  so  original  in  its  plan,  that 
its  career  has  been  watched  with  unusual  interest.  And,  now 
that  it  has  been  demonstrated  that  all  the  most  desirable  re- 
sults are  reached  here  at  less  expense  than  bare  support  is 
had  in  the  average  country  poor-house,  the  interest  has  be- 
come greater  among  legislators.  With  experience,  with  a 
better  knowledge  of  the  School  among  the  people,  and  with 
facilities  still  to  be  furnished  by  the  Legislature,  it  is  believed 
that  the  best  attainable  results  are  yet  to  be  secured  for  these 
children  of  the  poor.' 

"It  seems  to  your  petitioner  to  have  become  a  pressing 
necessity  in  this  State,  that  an  institution  of  this  character 
should  be  established  here.  These  children  in  our  Almshouses, 
the  abused,  neglected  children  in  our  streets,  the  homeless 
vagrants,  all  appeal  to  our  fears  as  well  as  to  our  benevolence. 
That  a  few  of  the  children  of  the  State  Almshouse  have  been 
taken  into  the  house  of  the  Chaplain,  and  are  sent  to  the  dis- 
trict school,  is  good  as  a  temporary  expedient,  but  is  wholly 
inadequate  to  meet  the  demand  in  behalf  of  the  dependent 
children  throughout  the  State.  To  the  suggestion  that  this 
experiment  is  'forming  the  nucleus  of  a  home  for  children, 
which  should  be  made  one  of  the  best  of  the  State  institutions,' 
there  remains,  and  must  ever  remain,  the  strong  and  insur- 
mountable objection — that  it  must  inevitably  be  subject  to 
the  unwholesome  mental  and  moral  influences  of  the  situation. 
The  children  there  must  be  State  Farm  children,  and  no  effort 
could  save  them  from  the  degrading  effect  of  such  association. 
In  view,  therefore,  of  all  these  facts,  circumstances  and 
considerations,  I,  a  tax-paying  woman  of  Rhode  Island,  do 
respectfully,  earnestly  and  solemnly  implore,  that  you,  the 
elected  guardians  of  the  welfare  of  our  State,  will  refer  this 

[m] 


memorial  to  a  joint  special  committee  of  both  houses  of  the 
Assembly,  requiring  them  to  report,  during  this  session,  a 
bill  with  plans  for  the  establishment  of  an  institution  for  the 
protection  and  support  of  such  children  as  should  come  under 
the  care  of  the  State ;  and  also,  for  tiieir  education,  mentally, 
morally  and  industrially,  to  the  end  that,  as  fast  as  they  are 
prepared,  suitable  places  and  occupations  may  be  found  for 
them,  where  they  shall  have  a  fair  and  equal  chance  to  become 
useful,  worthy  and  self-supporting  men  and  women;  a  bless- 
ing, not  a  burden,  to  tiie  State. 

Elizabeth  B.  Chace." 

In  this  first  month  of  the  year  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  letter 
to  the  Journal,  thanking  Governor  Van  Zandt  for  having 
recommended  to  the  favorable  consideration  of  the  Legisla- 
ture the  question  of  taking  the  necessary  steps  to  secure  to 
the  women  of  the  State  the  right  to  vote  upon  all  school  ques- 
tions under  the  same  conditions  as  men  did. 

Mrs.  Ebxah  D.  Cheney  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Jan.  10,  1880.  I  have  consented,  at  the  request  of  the 
Women's  Protective  Union,  to  serve  on  the  Committee  for 
the  Sunday  meetings.  I  want  if  possible  to  give  the  women 
who  come  there  the  most  earnest  speech  from  the  deepest 
experience.  M3'  thoughts  have  turned  to  you,  as  knowing  so 
much  of  the  struggles  of  life,  and  I  have  been  tempted  to  ask 
if  you  would  give  us  a  leaf  out  of  your  book,  and  tell  us  what 
has  helped  you  in  your  work,  or  what  you  think  others  need 
to  help  them." 

Mrs.  Chace's  daughter  Mary  Cheney  married  James  P. 
Tolman  in  February.  Acquaintance  with  Mr.  Tolman  and 
his  family  had  begun  more  than  a  dozen  years  before  when 
his  sisters  were  school  girls   at  Lexington,  Massachusetts. 

[  122  ] 


That  acquaintance  had  deepened  later  into  a  family  intimacy, 
and  the  marriage  was  completely  satisfactory  to  Mrs.  Chace. 

Mrs.  E.  M.  S.  Tolman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Feb.  ^^,  1880. 

"Dear  'Sister  Chace':  I  am  heartily  disposed  to  write  you 
a  little  letter  at  this  time  of  so  much  interest  to  you  and  me ; 
—  to  thank  you  for  the  pleasant  time  we  had  at  your  house, 
just  one  week  ago, —  for  all  that  your  abundant  hospitality 
did  to  alleviate  the  sadness  which  might  have  been  connected 
with  so  pleasant  an  event  as  that  for  which  we  sought  your 
home. 

"Harriet  speaks  in  admiration  of  the  skill  which  prevented 
all  appearance  of  what  must  be  under  ordinary  circumstances 
the  trouble  of  preparing  for  so  many  guests.  Everything 
went  off  admirably. 

"The  wedding,  too,  was  altogether  pretty  and  sociable. 
Our  children  looked  well  and  behaved  well.  They  seemed 
earnest  and  reverent  and  dignified. 

"I  am  getting  proud  of  my  granddaughter  Bessie.  The 
children  all  behaved  well  that  night  and  honored  their 
parents." 

Captain  and  Mrs.  Wyman  were  living  in  Boston  at  this 
time. 

L.  B.  C.  W.  TO  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  March  31.  I  am  glad  thee  does  not  let  thyself 
get  unhappy,  for  it  would  be  very  hard  to  think  of  thee  as 
lonely.    Thee  is  very  good  about  it. 

"John  and  Anna  and  I  went  to  see  Vedder's  pictures  at 
Williams  and  Everett's.  I  wanted  to  own  them !  There  is  a 
picture  of  Pan  piping  to  rabbits  squatting  around  him. 
Snow  covers  the  ground,  yet  the  loveliest  light  makes  the 
scene  as  glad  and  bright  as  summer. 

[  123] 


"We  had  a  very  pleasant  time  at  the  receptions,  Saturday. 
Fanny  Villard  looked  like  a  duchess  in  black  velvet  and  wear- 
ing a  diamond  pin.  Wendell  Phillips  was  there,  and  day 
before  yesterday,  Anna  and  I  met  him  on  the  street. 

"Mrs.  Wells'  reception  was  less  gorgeous  than  the  Garri- 
sons', but  very  nice.  She  is  always  lovely,  and  a  glimpse  of 
her  would  have  been  enough  to  repay  me  for  going  if  there 
had  been  nothing  else,  but  I  was  also  glad  to  see  Mrs.  Diaz 
and  Mrs.  Churchill  there. 

"Tomorrow  night,  John  is  to  take  Anna  to  the  Woman's 
Club  entertainment.  He  thought  I'd  better  not  go,  as  I  have 
planned  a  theatre  party  for  tonight,  and  two  evenings  out 
in  succession  would  be  too  hard. 

"I  don't  believe  thee  quite  knows  how  much  I  love  thee." 

Mrs.  Chace  was  always  very  much  interested  in  the  char- 
acter and  the  history  of  the  Quaker  martyr,  Mary  Dyer. 
It  was  therefore  natural  that  this  heroine  of  the  old  struggle 
to  obtain  religious  liberty  in  New  England  should  be  a  promi- 
nent figure  in  an  historical  study,  which  she  prepared  and 
read  at  the  Monthly  Meeting  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman 
Suffrage  Association  in  April,  1880. 

This  paper  was  entitled,  Quakerism  and  Woman  Suffrage, 
and  in  it  she  traced  the  growth  of  an  idea  through  Quakerism 
and  Anti-Slavery,  to  the  Woman  Suffrage  movement,  with 
something  of  the  ability  of  a  real  historian. 

Mrs.  Chace,  by  this  time,  had  become  opposed  to  the  policy 
of  advocating  the  bestowal  of  School  suffrage  on  Women. 
She  thought  that  all  effort  should  be  concentrated  on  the 
attempt  to  secure  full  suffrage;  and  that  the  acceptance  of 
partial  suffrage,  as  an  object  for  endeavor,  distracted  atten- 
tion from  the  principles  of  equal  justice,  and  it  seemed  to 
her  that  legislators,  who  had  granted  such  limited  voting- 
right  to  women,  would  be  self-satisfied  by  their  own  action 

[124] 


and  all  the  less  ready  to  respond  to  the  demand  for  complete 
equality. 

Mrs.  Fanny  P.  Palmer  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Prov.,  R.  I.,  April  10th.  I  am  very  much  pleased  to  see 
an  editorial  notice  of  your  paper  on  Quakerism  and  Woman 
Suffrage,  in  this  morning's  Journal.  I  have  wished  to  ex- 
press my  own  appreciation  of  the  paper  in  warmer  terms  than 
I  have  ventured  to  speak, — lest  they  should  seem  like  flattery. 
To  my  mind  no  more  profound  or  able  argument  has  been 
uttered  from  the  Woman  Suffrage  platform. 

"I  want  to  say  in  this  connection,  that  I  advocate  pressing 
partial  Suffrage  only  on  account  of  its  offering  a  greater 
chance — as  it  seems  to  me — for  success.  We  all  know  that 
defeat  is  demoralizing.  Any  sort  of  success  would  help  the 
cause  of  women  vastly,  in  Rhode  Island. 

"I  desire  to  urge  School-Suffrage  because  of  its  larger 
popularity ;  because  it  appeals  to  an  influential  class  whom 
we  cannot  reach  [in  presenting]  any  other  phase  of  this 
question. 

"I  feel  deeply  that  what  the  cause  of  woman  needs  in  Rhode 
Island  just  now  is  some  immediate  success.  I  don't  want  to 
stand  for  compromise — only  for  expediency." 

Mrs.  Chace  wrote  in  April  a  long  historical  and  argumenta- 
tive paper,  entitled  Soul  Liberty,  in  which  she  rehearsed  the 
course  of  legal  action  in  Rhode  Island,  since  1637,  towards 
differing  religious  sects  and  practices,  and  drew  the  conclu- 
sion that  the  Free  Religious  Society  of  Providence  was  an 
organization  whose  minister,  Frederic  A.  Hinckley,  should 
be  recognized  as  competent  to  perform  the  marriage  cere- 
mony.   This  paper  was  printed  in  the  Providence  Journal. 

In  May,  1880,  Mrs.  Chace  published  an  article  in  which 
she  said  that  she  was  very  much  interested  in  the  plan  for 

[  125  ] 


starting  a  Woman's  Exchange  in  Providence,  such  an  ex- 
change being  then  a  new  method  of  helping  indigent  women. 

Not  long  after  Mrs.  Chace  had  memorialized  the  Legisla- 
ture on  behalf  of  dependent  children,  some  action  was  taken  by 
the  State  authorities  which  tended  to  fuse  all  child  offenders 
into  the  solid  mass  of  adult  and  confirmed  criminality  which 
existed  in  the  body  politic.  The  Reform  School  had  in  recent 
years  passed  under  better  management  than  that  which  had 
served  as  a  model  for  the  Child  of  the  State.  It  was  situated 
in  the  city  of  Providence  and  had  outgrown  its  buildings  and 
yards,  and  therefore  a  change  was  necessary.  Instead  of 
making  such  change  as  would  have  separated  the  children, 
even  in  their  own  thoughts,  from  the  vicious  classes,  a  reso- 
lution was  passed  at  the  May  session  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Legislature,  adopting  the  report  of  the  State  Board  of 
Charities,  and  this  adoption  permitted  the  removal  of  the 
Reform  School  from  Providence  to  a  site  adjoining  the  State 
Almshouse  and  Penal  institutions  in  Cranston.  iMrs.  Chace 
vigorously  opposed  this  change.  She  felt  that  the  unfortu- 
nate boys  and  girls  in  the  school  would  inevitably  be  asso- 
ciated in  the  public  mind  with  the  pauper  and  criminal  inmates 
of  the  State  Farm  and  Prison  to  whom  the  change  would  make 
them  near  neighbors. 

At  this  time  the  Rhode  Island  State  Farm  was  not  greatly 
unlike  institutions  in  other  States  which  had  been  established 
for  similar  purposes.  A  tract  of  land  in  the  town  of  Cranston 
was  owned  by  the  State.  Here  were  sent  paupers  and  va- 
grants, who  were  not  eligible  as  inmates  of  the  town  poor- 
houses,  which  required  that  the  recipients  of  their  doubtful 
benefits  should  have  been,  at  some  time,  taxpayers.  On  the 
farm  were  located  other  state  and  county  penal  and  correc- 
tional institutions. 

Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  paper  dated  June  1st,  in  which  she 
approved  of  that  part  of  the  Legislative  plan  which  proposed 

[  126  ] 


to  accommodate  the  boys  and  girls  of  the  Reform  School  in 
cottages  rather  than  in  one  or  two  large  buildings,  but  she 
concluded  with  the  following  paragraphs : 

"There  is  a  little  mistiness  in  the  propositions  regarding 
the  Reform  School  for  girls.  In  one  part  of  the  report,  it  is 
proposed  that  it  should  be  under  the  immediate  supervision 
and  control  of  a  board  of  women.  In  another  place,  two  sites 
on  the  State  land  are  offered,  one  for  the  boys'  and  the  other 
for  the  girls'  school;  and  then  the  report  goes  on  to  say, 
*  Should  the  two  schools  be  built  on  these  sites  and  placed 
under  the  same  management  as  the  other  State  institutions,' 
etc.  So  it  looks  as  though  the  design  is  that  the  board  of 
women,  under  whose  'immediate  supervision  and  control'  the 
^irls  are  to  be  placed,  shall  be  subordinate  to  the  board  of 
men.  I  trust  we  shall  have  no  more  subordinate  and  power- 
less boards  of  women. 

"Finally,  and  to  my  mind,  astonishingly,  the  Board  of 
State  Charities  suggests  to  the  Legislature :  '  Should  your 
honorable  body  decide  to  establish  a  home  for  the  children 
in  the  almshouses  of  the  State,  which  the  public  welfare  de- 
mands, it  might  very  properly  be  built  in  the  neighborhood 
of  the  girls'  school,  and  placed  under  the  same  management.' 
I  can  imagine  no  surer  scheme  for  the  manufacture  of  crim- 
inals on  a  large  scale,  than  this  whole  plan  of  congregation. 
The  strong  point  presented  by  the  report  in  its  favor  is,  its 
financial  economy.  If  it  would  indeed  be  a  saving  of  money, 
what  is  that  to  be  compared  with  wasted  human  lives !  But 
I  am  sure  that  the  experience  of  a  few  years  would  prove  its 
results  to  be  a  vast  increase  of  expense  to  the  State. 

"I  certainly  consider  that  the  consignment  of  children  to 
such  an  arrangement  would  be  a  crime.  Our  Legislature  has 
adopted  this  report  of  the  Board  of  State  Charities,  and 
has  placed  the  whole  matter  in  their  hands,  with  a  large 
•appropriation  wherewith  to  carry  out  the  plan.    But  it  was 

[127] 


done  very  hastily,  and  without  due  consideration.  It  is  not 
too  late  to  retrace  a  step  which,  I  am  sure,  all  true  friends 
of  our  dependent  and  delinquent  children  must,  on  reflection, 
see  to  be  a  mistaken  one.  To  decide,  let  every  intelligent  man 
and  woman  in  the  State  ask  himself  or  herself,  'Would  I  be 
willing  that  any  child  of  mine  should,  under  any  circum- 
stances, be  placed  in  an  institution  so  situated?'  There  can 
be  no  question  about  the  answer.  In  regard  to  the  temporary 
transfer  of  the  inmates  of  the  Reform  School  to  the  old  State 
Prison,  I  need  say  nothing.  The  strong  feeling  against  it  in 
the  community,  the  manly  and  humane  protest  of  the  Trustees 
and  the  action  of  the  city  government  will,  of  course,  prevent 
this  outrage." 

In  less  than  a  week  she  followed  up  this  letter  with  another 
in  which  she  said : 

"I  am  a  disfranchised,  powerless  woman.  But  I  do  entreat 
our  legislators  to  reconsider  or  postpone  the  carrying  out 
of  their  late  too  hasty  action." 

Thomas  A.  Doyle  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Executive  Department,  Providence,  June  4i  1S80.  I  have 
your  favor  of  3rd  inst.  and  fully  agree  with  you  in  regard 
to  the  reform  school  matter.  I  do  not  see  how  we  can  prevent 
the  school  from  being  located  at  the  farm,  the  time  being  so 
limited,  in  which  to  act. 

"The  friends  of  the  removal  have  worked  shrewdly  and  I 
am  sorry  to  say,  in  a  most  improper  way,  to  accomplish  their 
work,  which  I  fear  will  be  the  destruction  of  the  school  as 
a  means  of  good. 

"If  petitions  could  have  been  circulated  throughout  the 
State  during  the  present  week  they  might  have  accomplished 
a  stay  of  proceedings.  As  it  is,  I  shall  do  all  in  my  power 
to  prevent  the  removal  and  if  possible  get  a  suspension  of 

[  128  ] 


the  law  until  the  January  session,  hoping  thereby  to  pre- 
vent the  consummation  of  this  blot  upon  the  good  name  of 
the  State. 

"One  thing  is  secure,  I  think,  and  that  is  the  children  will 
not  go  into  the  old  Prison." 

Edwin  M.  Snow  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  Office  Superintendent  of  Health,  City  Hall,  Providence, 
June  5,  1880.  I  am  not  on  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the 
Providence  Reform  School.  Declined  a  re-election  last  Janu- 
ary ;  and  am  extremely  thankful  that  I  am  not  on  the  Board, 
to  be  insulted  and  abused  as  it  is  by  the  recent  action  of  the 
General  Assembly. 

"I  consider  this  action  most  outrageous,  and  full  of  evil 
for  the  present  and  the  future;  both  to  the  State,  and  to  all 
the  children  who  will  need  the  care  of  a  Reform  or  Industrial 
School. 

"The  whole  scheme  is  an  outrage,  unwise,  and  in  many 
respects  impracticable. 

"I  feel  all  that  you  do  upon  the  subject,  and  would  be  glad, 
as  an  individual,  to  do  anything  to  prevent  it." 

The  school  was  transferred  and  then  divided  into  the  Oak- 
lawn  School  for  girls  and  the  Sockanosett  School  for  boys. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 

''Valley  Falls,  June  "21st,  1880.  I  heartily  endorse  the 
protest  of  Thomas  R.  Hazard,  in  this  morning's  Journal, 
against  the  custom  of  counselling  prisoners  to  plead  'not 
guilty'  to  crimes  they  are  known  to  have  committed.  And, 
certainly,  there  never  was  a  case  where  the  absurdity  as  well 
as  the  wickedness  of  such  counsel  was  more  apparent  than 
in  this  case  of  Walter  Winsor. 

"It  has  long  been  a  source  of  astonishment  to  me  that,  in 
order  to  secure  fair  treatment  to  a  criminal,  it  is  considered 

[129] 


necessary  that  he  should  further  criminate  himself  by  telling 
a  falsehood.  Much  as  our  whole  system  of  dealing  with  crim- 
inals needs  revision,  there  is  no  feature  of  it  more  objection- 
able than  this.  And  I  am  glad  that  so  conscientious  and  able 
a  writer  has  taken  it  up. 

"When  this  poor,  badly-organized  and  misguided  youth 
had  confessed  his  guilt,  even  to  the  giving  of  details  of  the 
manner  in  which  he  perpetrated  the  appalling  crime,  and 
himself  exhibiting  the  proofs,  what  greater  harm  could  be 
done  him  than  to  counsel  him  to  add  to  the  atrocity  by  a  lie.'* 
Perhaps,  in  the  horror  of  the  spectacle  of  what  he  had  done, 
a  spark  of  conscientiousness  may  have  been  awakened  in  his 
soul,  which  led  him  to  tell  his  story,  although  in  a  most  brutal 
way.  At  that  time  had  he  fallen  into  wise,  judicious  and 
friendly  hands  and  been  urged  to  speak  only  what  was  true, 
and  submit  patiently  and  penitently  to  the  consequences ; 
who  knows  but  that  even  in  him,  a  flame  might  have  been 
kindled,  which,  in  time,  would  have  done  something  toward 
softening  and  purifying  his  brutal  nature?  But  instead  of 
that,  his  counsel  advised  him  to  lie,  and  thus,  perhaps,  was 
extinguished  the  last  ray  of  light  in  this  darkened  soul, 
leaving  him  more  demoniac  than  he  was  before." 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  Oct.  25.  Will  you  not  read  my  editorial  this 
week,  entitled  'Armed  Neutrality,'  and  if  you  agree  with  it, 
will  you  not  next  week  send  an  article  to  say  so.''  I  feel  sure 
that  I  am  right.  No  one  would  expect  colored  men  to  take 
up  with  a  party  that  despised  all  their  prayers  for  equal 
rights.  It  ought  not  to  be  expected  that  women  should. 
But  you  sec  what  Col.  Higginson  said  in  his  article  last  week. 
Now,  I  should  like  the  moral  support  which  ijour  express 
agreement  would  give.  Ever3'body  respects  your  level  head 
and  the  good  solid  sense  they  all  know  you  have. 

[130] 


"I  have  been  trying  to  show  that  the  loud  shouts  about 
the  disgrace  Butler  is  bringing  upon  the  State  stand  for  very 
little  to  me,  so  long  as  the  great  shame  and  sin  exist  which 
come  by  the  disfranchisement  of  women." 

Mrs.  Chace's  address  as  President  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Woman  Suffrage  Association,  in  November,  dealt  with  the 
moral  topics  which,  in  her  mind,  were  always  associated  with 
the  idea  of  woman's  enfranchisement.  She  reiterated  her 
belief,  often  expressed  b^ore  and  often  to  be  expressed  in 
the  future,  that  public  virtue  and  private  morality  would  be 
greater  if  women  were  allowed  to  vote.  But  in  this  address 
she  began  to  express  her  doubt  of  the  wisdom  of  asking  for 
school  suffrage:  "If  women  are  taxed  for  privilege  of  voting 
on  one  question,  as  largely  as  men  are  for  voting  on  all,  the 
former  not  being  permitted  a  voice  on  the  appropriation  of 
funds  so  obtained,  it  does  not  surprise  me  that  hard-working, 
or  that  high-minded  women  should  refuse  to  furnish  such 
funds  for  such  vote.  And,  if  the  State  of  Rhode  Island  shall 
give  to  her  daughters  so  small  a  modicum  of  right,  instead 
of  the  fullness  which  is  their  due,  and  then  make  the  condi- 
tions of  accepting  it  so  hard,  I  shall  not  blame  them  if  they 
turn  their  backs  upon  it  as  do  so  many  of  the  women  of 
Massachusetts." 

Because  of  recent  events  in  the  country,  she  went  on  thus 
to  connect  the  two  principles  which  had  been  dominant  in  her 
whole  life:  that  of  justice  to  the  negro  race,  and  to  woman. 
"In  the  political  campaign  just  ended,  a  great  emergency, 
that  of  justice  and  safety  to  the  long  oppressed  black  man, 
as  well  as  of  security  to  the  nation  against  the  spirit  of  arro- 
gance existing  in  the  Southern  States,  made  it  a  necessity  and 
a  duty  that  wc  should  give  our  sanction  to  the  triumph  of 
Republican  principles,  so  far  as  we  were  permitted  to  do  so, 
and  so  far  as  they  are  republican.    At  the  same  time,  I,  as  a 

[131] 


woman,  could  not  but  be  continually  impressed  with  the- 
absurdity  of  the  fact,  that,  in  a  crisis  like  this,  in  a  State 
and  a  Nation  calling  itself  republican,  one-half  the  people 
were  excluded  from  all  active  participation." 

She  introduced  into  this  address  a  reminiscence  with  a 
moral  attached:  "When  I  sat  in  a  hole  in  the  wall,  where,, 
through  a  grating,  women  were  permitted  to  look  down  on 
the  British  House  of  Commons,  and  strained  my  eyes  and 
my  ears  to  get  an  idea  of  the  assembled  wisdom  of  England, 
I  said  to  my  friends  there  that,  were  I  an  English  woman,. 
I  would  never  rest  until  this  dark  and  miserable  place  was 
exchanged  for  seats  in  the  House,  for  the  women  of  a  land 
ruled  over  by  a  Queen." 

At  a  later  session  of  this  Association  the  question  came  up 
whether  to  make  a  special  effort  to  obtain  the  ballot  for  tax- 
paying  women,  which  it  was  thought  would  be  easier  to  get 
than  universal  suffrage;  Mrs.  Chace  explained  her  position 
on  the  question,  saying  substantially,  if  the  Legislature  should 
give  that  privilege  they  would  gladly  accept  it,  yet  as  a  tax- 
paying  woman  she  could  not  ask  a  privilege  for  herself  which, 
at  the  same  time,  her  poorer  sisters  could  not  have. 

In  the  early  winter,  Mrs.  Chace  went  to  Washington  and 
attended  the  eleventh  annual  convention  of  the  American^ 
Woman  Suffrage  Association.  She  called  with  several  of  the 
Woman  Suffragists  on  Mrs.  Hayes  at  the  White  House,  and 
wrote  afterwards  to  the  Providence  Journal: 

"However  we  may  differ  in  opinion,  concerning  the  policy 
of  this  administration  toward  the  Reconstructed  States,  we 
are  of  one  heart  and  mind  concerning  this  lovely  woman,  and 
we  shall  always  retain  the  pleasantest  memories  of  our  delight- 
ful visit  to  bright,  sweet,  womanly  Lucy  Webb  Hayes." 

She  went  one  evening  to  a  Methodist  class-meeting  of 
colored  people  where  she  had  been  assured  that  she  would  find 

[132] 


^0=:^ 


9^ 


Co   2! 


"2.     r- 


o    ts 


IS    2 

a 


SI.    «5 


t^  tE\  ca  CiJ 


C^  lU  11]   CU 


aO^ 


the  old  plantation  variety  of  religion.  Apparently  she  did 
find  it  and  was  not  edified,  but  the  deep  vein  of  humanity 
within  her  led  her  to  make  this  comment :  "I  could  not  see  how 
such  demonstrations  could  have  any  good  effect  upon  their 
lives,  except  as  any  recreation  and  social  enjoyment  must  be 
an  alleviation  of  the  hardships  of  a  life  of  heavy  burdens,  and 
as  giving  them  something  to  look  forward  to  in  a  happier  lot." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"On  Sunday  morning  we  went  to  'All  Souls'  '  Church  to 
listen  to  Edward  Everett  Hale, — a  church  called  Unitarian, 
but  which,  from  its  name  up  through  its  decorations,  its 
mottoes,  its  tablets,  its  robes,  its  ceremonies,  its  prayers  and 
its  sermon,  I  could  not  have  distinguished  from  the  most 
orthodox  of  the  orthodox. 

"The  Supreme  Court  room  interests  me  only  as  the  old 
Senate  Chamber,  and  when  an  intelligent  colored  porter 
pointed  reverently  to  the  spot  where  stood  the  seat  of 
Charles  Sumner,  and  showed  us  the  door  by  which  the  assassin 
Brooks  entered  behind  him,  with  the  weapon  in  his  hand  with 
which  he  struck  down  the  colored  man's  friend,  we  whispered 
to  each  other  of  the  martyred  hero  as  though  we  were  in  a 
holy  place. 

"On  Tuesday  evening  we  called  on  Mrs.  Chisholm,  the 
widow  of  the  martyred  Judge  Chisholm,  and  the  mother  of 
Cornelia  and  John  Chisholm,  who  were  also  fatally  wounded 
when  they  rushed  between  their  father  and  his  blood-thirsty 
assailants,  in  Kemper  County,  Mississippi,  in  the  year  1877. 
She  is  living  in  two  small  upper  chambers,  where  she  and  her 
youngest  boy  are  supported  by  her  labor  as  a  clerk  in  the 
Treasury  Department.  She  seemed  to  me  a  remarkable 
woman,  brave  and  strong;  but  the  iron  which  has  entered  her 
soul  was  of  crushing  weight,  and  it  is  not  strange  that  it  has 

[133] 


left  a  bitterness  which  time  can  never  assuage,  toward  a  land 
where  such  atrocities  are  not  only  perpetrated,  but  approved 
and  sanctioned  by  the  administrators  of  the  law. 

"On  Wednesday  morning  a  lady,  resident  in  Washington, 
accompanied  me  to  a  free  kindergarten,  where  twenty  happy 
little  children,  coming  from  poor  homes,  were  enjoying  the 
blessings  of  this  beneficent  system  of  development.  Knowing 
that  there  were  all  around  it,  colored  children  who  equally 
needed  these  benign  influences,  I  asked  the  principal  if  there 
were  none  such  admitted.  She  said:  'No;  they  sometimes 
come  in,  and  I  let  them  sit  over  there,'  (pointing  to  some 
empty  seats)  'and  when  they  ask  if  they  may  come  here,  I  tell 
them  this  is  for  these  children,  but  by  and  by,  we  will  have 
one  for  them.'  And  so  she  tried,  kindly,  to  reconcile  them  in 
their  infancy  to  their  pariah  lot,  which  is  cruel  and  unchris- 
tian, whatever  of  charity  and  kindliness  may  be  poured  over 
it." 

"Mr.  Douglass  lives  in  a  handsome  house  standing  on  the 
top  of  a  hill  and  commanding  a  fine  view  of  the  city  and 
the  adjacent  country,  through  which  winds  a  branch  of  the 
Potomac  River.  Stately  trees  adorn  the  slopes  of  the  hill  on 
all  sides  of  the  house.  This  was  built  for  his  own  residence 
by  the  former  owner  of  a  large  tract  of  land,  who  sold  house- 
lots  only  on  condition  that  no  spot  should  ever  be  sold  to  a 
negro  or  an  Irishman.  Having  become  poor,  he  now  lives  in 
humbler  quarters,  and  United  States  Marshal  Douglass  has 
become  the  owner  of  the  house,  with  fifteen  acres  of  the  land 
around  it.  We  found  Mr.  Douglass  in  the  midst  of  his  family, 
a  patriarch  indeed.  His  wife  is  infirm  from  rheumatism ;  his 
sister,  who  remained  a  slave  until  released  by  the  Proclama- 
tion, lives  in  a  small  house  on  the  premises  with  her  son,  who 
works  for  his  uncle ;  his  daughter,  a  fine,  energetic  looking 
woman,  with  her  daughter,  a  bright,  intelligent  girl  of  sixteen, 

[134] 


was  spending  the  day  with  her  parents ;  a  little  motherless 
granddaughter,  pleased  and  happy,  clung  to  her  grand- 
mother ;  an  adopted  daughter  was  busy  about  the  house,  and 
an  orphan  boy  of  ten  years,  full  of  intelligence,  was  there, 
who,  a  few  months  ago,  wrote  to  Mr.  Douglass  from  Mary- 
land, claiming  to  be  his  grand-nephew,  and,  proving  himself 
to  be  so,  was  sent  for  to  come  and  share  his  hospitable  home. 
The  three  sons  live  about  Washington,  one  being  employed 
in  his  father's  office.  In  the  well-furnished  study  where  he  has 
a  large  library,  Mr.  Douglass  showed  us  several  pieces  of 
furniture  which  he  purchased  at  the  sale  of  the  effects  of 
Charles  Sumner,  among  which  were  his  desk  and  a  table. 
He  gave  us  a  very  interesting  account  of  his  recovery  of  a 
long-lost  brother,  much  older  than  himself,  who  had  been  sold, 
many  years  ago,  into  Texas,  where  he  had  been  cruelly  treated 
and  had  suffered  much  hardship,  until  he  was  broken  down 
with  age  and  infirmity.  Like  many  others,  it  was  long  after 
the  Proclamation  that  he  first  learned  that  he  was  free. 
Mr.  Douglass,  becoming  acquainted  with  the  facts,  brought 
him  to  his  home,  and  supported  and  cared  for  him  until  death 
came  to  his  relief.  He  also  related  to  us  his  visit,  after  the 
war,  to  his  old  master  on  his  death-bed;  his  friendly  meeting 
with  his  master's  daughter,  who,  when  a  child,  had  shown 
him  sympathy  and  kindness,  and  whom,  in  return,  he  had  be- 
friended, as  a  slave  might,  when  her  stepmother  had  ill-treated 
her ;  and  of  his  receipt  from  the  daughter  of  this  cruel  step- 
mother, and  mistress,  of  a  letter  imploring  his  pecuniary  aid 
in  her  poverty  and  distress. 

"Thus  we  spent  two  hours  with  him  and  his  family,  in  the 
most  delightful  manner,  as  much  honored  and  as  happy  as  we 
had  been  in  the  Presidential  mansion.  And  when  he  took  us 
back  to  the  city,  in  his  own  carriage,  it  was  as  though  a  king 
had  attended  us.  For,  as  a  kingly  man,  as  a  high-bred  gentle- 
man, no  man  in  this  broad  land  stands  before  Frederick  Doug- 

[135] 


I 


lass.  And  when  we  consider  that  his  youth  was  spent  in 
slavery,  in  his  early  manhood  he  was  a  hunted  fugitive,  that 
he  had  no  education  save  what  he  gained  by  observation,  and 
wiiat  by  extra  toil  he  ground  into  and  out  of  his  massive  head, 
and,  withal,  that  he  is  now  allied  to  a  despised  and  hated  race ; 
looking  at  him  as  he  stands,  scholarly,  broad  in  every  sense, 
a  man  of  property  and  a  man  of  mind,  large-hearted,  philan- 
thropic, with  loft}'  aims  and  unselfish  ambitions,  crowned 
with  the  honors  he  has  fairly  won,  in  spite  of  all  these  draw- 
backs, and  modestly  ignoring  all  greater  honors,  that,  but  for 
the  one  dishonor  of  race,  might  now  be  his,  what  other  man, 
in  this  or  any  other  land,  has  a  right  to  call  himself  his  peer? 
********* 

"I  also  visited,  besides  the  lower  schools,  a  high  school 
and  a  normal  school,  the  latter  instructed  by  a  midclle-aged 
black  lady,  who  presided  like  a  queen,  and  was  said  to  be 
highly  educated.  The  principal  in  this  building  was  a  very 
interesting,  pleasant,  white  lady.  After  my  experience  in  the 
other  school-house,  I  could  not  feel  sure,  and  so,  with  an 
apology  on  account  of  my  deep  interest  in  the  color  question, 
I  asked  her  if  she  belonged  to  the  colored  race.  She  replied 
pleasantly,  and  yet  there  was  a  pathetic  tone  in  her  voice. 
'Well,  I  suppose  I  am  nearer  related  to  your  race  than  to  the 
other,  yet  I  am  a  colored  woman.'  I  could  but  reply,  'So  long 
as  there  is  anything  degrading  in  it,  it  is  a  shame  that  it  is  so ; 
for,  of  course,  it  excludes  you  from  any  but  the  society  of 
colored  people.'  She  said :  'Yes,  but  we  have  excellent  society. 
I  could  go  out  today  and  bring  together  in  a  short  time 
twenty-five  of  our  people  as  well  educated,  as  intellectual 
and  refined  as  you  could  find  anywhere.'  Then  I  said :  '  Now 
you  are  a  white  woman.  Here  in  these  schools  are  children 
all  the  way  from  white  to  black.  Is  there  any  difference  in 
your  feeling  toward  them.'  Have  you  any  feeling  of  repulsion 
toward  the  dark  ones  on  account  of  their  color.'"        She  re- 

[136] 


plied  emphatically:  'None  at  all,'  and  further  said,  with 
tears  gathering  in  her  sweet  brown  eyes,  that  black  children 
and  black  people  seemed  just  as  near  to  her  as  white.  By  her 
few  drops  of  African  blood  she  is  excluded  from  alliance  with 
the  race  of  the  oppressors,  and  so  she  does  not  share  the 
hatred  which  comes  from  wrong-doing  toward  our  fellow- 
creatures.  Soon  after  my  interview  with  this  interesting 
woman,  I  left  her,  and,  in  a  few  hours,  I  left  Washington, 
with  no  result  of  my  experience  there  more  strongly  impressed 
on  my  mind  than  this  reflection:  that,  if  these  United  States 
remain  one  nation,  under  one  central  government,  the  time  will 
surely  come  when  the  people  will  be  one  people,  with  the  same 
political,  civil,  educational,  industrial  and  social  rights  and 
privileges,  regardless  of  race  or  previous  condition.  Intel- 
lectual ability  and  moral  and  social  characteristics  will  deter- 
mine the  position  of  a  man  or  woman,  and  not  the  color  of  the 
skin,  or  heredity  of  the  blood.  The  complexion  will  be  what 
the  climate  and  other  influences  shall  produce.  By  our  mean 
prejudices,  by  our  cruel  selfishness,  by  our  unjust  and  pro- 
scriptive  laws,  we  may  retard  this  movement  in  human  prog- 
ress ;  but,  in  so  doing,  we  hinder  our  own  advancement,  and 
we  leave  for  our  children  and  our  children's  children  that 
portion  of  the  work  that  belonged  to  us  to  do,  in  harmony 
with  the  divine  law  that  governs  the  universe." 

Samuel  ]\Iay  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''Leicester,  Jan.  ^3,  1881.  Will  you  suffer  an  old  corre- 
spondent to  take  up  a  little  of  your  time.''  I  have  read  two  of 
your  communications  to  the  Providence  Journal,  as  reprinted 
in  the  Wo7nan's  Journal. 

"Your  account  of  F.  Douglass,  as  to  his  present  manner 
of  living,  his  bearing,  and  his  present  standing  is  the  only 
reliable  one  I  have  seen.    It  is  delightfully  satisfactory. 

"When  Chief  Justice  Chase  had  presided,  in  1865,  in  a 

[  137  ] 


meeting  at  Washington,  to  introduce  F.  Douglass,  who,  as 
a  comparatively  unknown  man,  had  given  a  public  lecture  in 
that  city,  I  met  the  Judge  shortly  after  and  thanked  him, 
who  had  set  so  grand  an  example  to  the  land,  and  had  not 
deemed  the  Chief  Justice's  dignity  was  impaired  by  his  asso- 
ciation with  one  who  had  been  a  slave,  for  I  could  not  help 
contrasting  his  course  with  that  of  Chief  Justice  Taney, — 
and  I  rememter  I  shed  some  tears  then,  as  I  have  now  at 
the  concluding  part  of  your  letter, — he  checked  me,  with  the 
words,  'Mr.  May,  Frederick  Douglass  is  a  great  man.'  I  said 
the  Abolitionists  had  known  it  long,  but  it  was  a  new  thing 
for  one  in  his  position  to  recognize  it. 

"That  is  not  what  I  set  out  to  say;  but  this, — isn't  it 
worth  while  to  have  your  Washington  letters  put  in  a  tract 
form?  I  would  like  a  hundred  copies.  There  are  dark  places 
yet  where  they  should  go. 

"Your  account  of  the  Schools  in  the  D.  C.  for  the  colored 
children, —  of  those  teachers,  especially  of  her  with  whom  you 
talked  so  much  and  in  a  way  so  surely  helpful,  is  the  most 
valuable  portion  of  your  letter.  Why  haven't  you  written 
more,  and  much.''  These  letters  ought  not  to  go  the  way  of 
the  daily  newspaper  only. 

"How  well  I  remember  the  hearty,  cordial,  immediate  yes 
you  sent  me  back  in  answer  to  the  very  first  letter  I  wrote, 
to  go  out  of  Mass.  for  a  series  of  A.  S.  Conventions!  The 
encouraging  tone  gave  me  a  courage  and  faith  which  lasted 
all  through,  and  is  not  gone  yet. 

"Greed,  selfishness,  and  great  wrong  abound  now;  but  the 
sure  work  of  undermining  them  goes  on.  Your  vision  of 
the  coming  Nation  shall  be  fulfilled. 

"I  felt  I  must  write  you  these  thanks.    Pray  write  on." 

Mr.  May  had  by  this  time  ceased  to  be  a  "Junior,"  hence 
the  change  in  heading. 

[138] 


Captain  and  Mrs.  Wyman  spent  three  months  of  this 
season  in  Washington,  remaining  there  until  after  the  inaugu- 
ration of  Mr.  Garfield. 

Frederick  Douglass  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Washington,  Jan.  28,  1881.  I  should  be  the  most  un- 
grateful of  men  if  I  did  not  feel  pleased  and  grateful  for  the 
part  you  give  me  in  your  Washington  letter.  I  was  fully  as 
much  pleased  by  your  visit  to  'Cedar  Hill'  [the  writer's  resi- 
dence] as  you  were.  In  yourself  I  saw  one  connected  with 
the  most  precious  of  all  my  anti-slavery  recollections.  New 
England  was  the  birthplace  of  my  freedom.  Mrs.  Borden 
and  yourself  were  among  the  first  of  the  dear  Anti-slavery 
people  of  New  England  to  make  me  feel  at  home,  and  at  ease 
in  your  homes.  I  am  bound  to  those  early  workers  in  the 
cause  of  the  slaves,  by  bonds  stronger  than  links  of  steel,, 
and  I  never  see  one  of  them,  without  a  joy  which  is  perhaps- 
a  little  too  noisy.  I  felt  that  I  had  taken  up  entirely  too 
much  time  in  talking  when  \'ou  were  here,  and  that  I  ought 
to  have  heard  more  from  Mr.  Wyman  and  yourself. 

"I  am  ashamed  to  say,  that  I  have  not  yet  found  time  to 
call  on  'Miss  Lillie.'  I  like  the  old  name,  though  I  am  not 
averse  to  the  new.  She  has  kindly  invited  me  to  see  her  dear 
little  boy  and  I  mean  to  go  soon.  Mr.  Wyman  is  doing  all 
he  can  to  have  me  retained  in  the  office  of  U.  S.  ^Marshal  of 
the  D.  C,  and  he  is  in  a  position  to  be  able  to  do  mucli. 

"I  read  your  article  aloud  to  Mrs.  Douglass  and  the  family. 
Like  myself  they  were  surprised  that  you  could  remember 
everything  about  your  visit  so  accurately. 

"I  attended  the  morning  and  the  afternoon  session  of  the 
National  Woman  Suffrage  Association  here  last  week.  The 
morning  session  was  very  impressive.  It  was  a  kind  of  memo- 
rial service  of  Lucretia  Mott.  You  would  have  assented,  I 
think,  to  all  the  good  things  said  of  that  noble  woman,  though 

[139] 


"with  your  own  plain  Quaker  views  and  education,  you  might 
have  objected  to  the  profusion  of  flowers  and  music  on  the 
occasion.  I  am  quite  sure  that  Lucretia  would  have  objected 
herself. — But  I  only  took  up  my  pen  to  thank  you  for  your 
Tcind  and  spirited  notice  in  the  Journal." 

Mrs.  Chace  would  not  in  this  period  of  her  life  have  objected 
to  "flowers  and  music"  on  any  occasion. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

"The  kindergarten  is  full  all  the  time;  so  that  some  of  the 
-children  have  to  sit  on  boxes.  I  am  sorry  to  have  it  stop  for 
the  summer. 

"I've  got  Rosanna here.    Her  mother  abused  her  so, 

1  took  her  in  to  protect  her  till  she  could  do  some  other  way." 

In  the  early  winter  of  1881  Mrs.  Chace  addressed  a  com- 
mittee of  the  State  Senate  on  woman  suffrage.  She  began  by 
raying:  "As  the  advocates  of  Woman  Suffrage  in  Rhode 
Island  have  seldom  been  heard  before  a  committee  of  this 
House,  it  seems  fitting  that  we  should,  at  the  outset,  make 
A  clear  statement  of  our  grievances." 

She  then  proceeded  to  state  these  grievances ;  first,  and 
foremost,  that  women  were  disfranchised  because  of  their 
sex ;  second,  that  they  were  not  endowed  with  equal  right  to 
property  with  men;  and  third,  married  women  had  not  the 
^ame  right  to  their  children  that  the  fathers  had. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"West  Newton,  2nd  mo.,  1881.  I  hope  thee  will  return 
Mrs.  [Robert]  IngersoU's  call.  I  want  to  know  what  sort  of 
woman  she  is.  Go  to  Mrs.  Hayes'  receptions  and  other  nice 
things ;  and  I  hope  some  pleasant  Sunday,  you  will  go  out  to 
see  Frederick  Douglass. 

[140] 


■m 


UTCRETIA    MOTT 


"They  had  an  entertainment  at  the  Christian  Union  [here J 
last  night  of  private  theatricals  in  which  Arnold,  James,  Leila 
and  Anna  Turner  took  part.  Preceding  it,  Wendell  Phillips, 
spoke  nearly  an  hour,  giving  Anti-Slavery  reminiscences, 
illustrated  by  a  Slave  scene.  /  did  not  go  there,  but  I  went,, 
with  Mrs.  Moore  and  her  younger  boy,  to  a  very  large  and 
elegant  party  at  Mrs.  Fenno  Tudor's,  where  legislators,  the 
Governor  and  others  were  invited  to  meet  the  Woman  Suf- 
fragists. It  was  very  fine.  Col.  Higginson  seemed  to  be  in. 
a  most  enchanting  and  enchanted  state  of  mind.  Was  very 
lovely  to  me!  Wished  me  to  visit  him  and  his  wife  in  their 
new  house,  which  is  said  to  be  very  unique. 

"Mrs.  [John  T.]  Sargent  was  there.  She  inquired  after 
thee  and  said  she  had  sent  a  note  to  Hotel  Waterston  inviting 
thee  and  John  to  a  reception  next  week.  Maud  Howe  was 
there  [wearing]  a  white  silk  dress  with  red  trimmings.  A 
cousin  was  with  her  dressed  in  white  satin.  She  is  a  daughter 
of  Mrs.  Howe's  sister  who  was  once  the  wife  of  the  sculptor 
Crawford.  This  girl  is  a  Roman  by  birth,  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Crawford's  second  husband. 

"Today  is  Mary  and  James  [Tolman's]  anniversary. 
Mary  gave  James  a  water  color  painting  of  wild  roses  by 
Connie  Nowell." 


[141] 


CHAPTER   TWENTYTHIRD 

Mrs.  Chace  Reviews  Official  Reports;  Letter  from 
William  F.  Channixg  on  Woman  Suffrage  Topics; 
Mrs.  Chace  Opposes  Color  Prejudice  in  Relation  to 
THE  Providence  Shelter  for  Colored  Orphans;  Her 
Article  on  Factory  Women  in  New  England  ;  Letters 
FROM  Mrs.  Kate  G.  Wells  and  from  Factory  Opera- 
tives; Mrs.  Chace  Addresses  a  Woman  Suffrage 
Meeting  in  Woonsocket  ;  Letter  to  Governor  Little- 
field;  Correspondence  to  Persons  and  Journals; 
History  of  Wills  of  Frances  Jackson  and  Mrs.  Eddy  ; 
Letters  from  Mrs.  Lucy  Stone 

IX  March,  1881,  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  long  paper,  which  was 
published  in  the  Providence  Journal,  reviewing  the  annual 
reports  of  the  Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections  and 
of  the  Woman's  Board  of  Visitors,  which  had  been  recently 
presented  to  the  Legislature.  We  give  the  following  extracts : 
*'In  the  report  of  the  Woman's  Board  of  Visitors  for  1879 
occurs  the  following  passage:  *We  are  pained  to  find  so  many 
bright  young  girls  the  victims  of  intemperance.  .  .  .  We  have 
endeavored  the  past  year  to  convince  them  of  their  ruin  if 
the  habit  is  continued,  but  fear  with  little  effect,  from  the 
numbers  that  have  been  returned  from  time  to  time.'  Then 
the  report  goes  on  to  say:  'The  practice  of  reading  aloud  to 
them  while  at  work,  we  consider  important,  that  their  atten- 
tion may  be  profitably  engaged.'  This  year,  this  Board  of 
Women  again  mildly  suggest:  'We  would  again  recommend 
reading  aloud  to  them  while  they  are  engaged  with  their  work 
In  the  sewing  room,  that  their  minds  may  be  profitably 
occupied.' 

[142] 


"Now,  here  is  an  institution  professedly  'correctional,' 
which  I  suppose  means  'reformatory,'  where  women  and 
'bright  young  girls'  are  confined,  because  their  evil  habits 
and  associations  have  led  them  into  excesses  that  have  made 
them  disturbers  of  the  public  peace.  They  are  accustomed 
to  constant  excitement,  to  indulgence  in  whatever  their 
diseased  appetites  demand,  and  to  a  large  liberty  of  locomo- 
tion in  the  open  air.  Here  they  are  shut  up  and  set  down  to 
sewing  in  a  room  where,  through  the  lofty  windows,  they  can 
only  see  the  sky,  and  but  little  of  that.  They  are  necessarily 
prohibited  from  conversation,  beyond  what  is  required  for 
their  work.  Their  food  is  often  distasteful  from  its  sameness, 
and  they  thirst  for  the  stimulus  of  intoxicating  drink.  They 
crave  the  excitement  of  their  outside  life,  and  the  demon 
of  sensuality  rages  within  them.  Who  could  doubt,  that,  to 
effect  any  good  result,  it  is  all  important  that  some  useful, 
acceptable  nourishment  should  be  furnished  to  these  hunger- 
ing, sin-sick,  disordered  minds.''  That  some  innocent  pleas- 
ures, the  supply  of  some  happy  thoughts,  should  be  offered 
them,  which  might  win  them  away  from  their  fierce  longings 
for  sinful  gratifications.''  Too  many  well-meaning,  but  un- 
thinking, people  are  apt  to  fear  that  persons  so  situated  may 
be  made  too  happy,  and  that  punishment  is  all  they  need. 
They  should  have  recreation,  social  enjoyment,  sympathy 
and  companionship  from  the  matrons.  .  .  . 

"These  women  should  have  reading  aloud  while  they  are 
working,  although  I  remember  it  was  forbidden  several  years 
ago  by  the  Superintendent,  because  it  interfered  with  the 
work  by  taking  the  time  of  one  person :  as  though  the  amount 
of  the  work  done  was  the  main  thing." 

William  F.  Chanjcixg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  R.  I.,  June  9,  1881.  I  received  your  letter 
of  the  31st  ult.  from  West  Newton. 

[  143  ] 


"I  believe  all  of  our  friends  interested  in  Woman  Suffrage 
participated  in  the  National  Convention  here,  and  were 
strengthened  and  broadened  by  it.  The  reports  also  in  the 
newspapers  helped  forward  our  work  in  the  State, — discount- 
ing duly  the  equivocal  advocacy  of  the  Journal.  As  to  the 
Suffrage  movement  in  the  Country,  I  think  it  is  gaining 
rapidly  in  the  true  America, —  the  West.  Our  civilization  on 
the  sea-board  partakes  of  the  feebleness  of  Europe  in  all 
matters  requiring  vigorous  organizing  and  reorganizing 
power. 

"There  is  much  discouragement  and  fatigue  in  every 
'forlorn  hope.'  Not  the  least  of  it  comes  from  the  imperfec- 
tions, want  of  character  and  of  culture,  want  of  manners 
sometimes  of  our  associates.  People  are  not  as  perfect  as 
we  are!  It  is  necessary  to  work  often  with  persons  whom  we 
like  only  in  the  precise  matter  in  hand.  I  don't  know  that 
our  Puritanism  is  put  to  any  great  strain  in  Rhode  Island 
either  in  the  Suffrage  or  Free  Religious  movement.  But  I 
suppose  we  all  find  things  that  offend  our  taste  and  good 
sense. 

"I  notice  that  you  refer  in  3'our  letter  to  the  Critic  and 
Ballot  Box  as  representing  the  National  Association.  It  is 
a  paper  owned  and  edited  by  Mrs.  Gage,  representing  only 
her  in  any  authoritative  sense.  The  Association  use  the  paper 
as  their  mouthpiece  from  time  to  time.  The  rather  vague 
proposition  of  Mrs.  Gage,  or  someone  else,  for  women  to  use 
money,  as  men  do,  to  influence  elections  was  an  individual 
escapade,  easily  caught  up  by  those  wishing  to  criticise  the 
National  Association.  Not  but  that  the  National  Association 
has  all  the  faults  incident  to  a  vigorous,  healthy  human  life. 
I  hope  it  has  not  the  painful  faultlessness  of  inanition.  It  is 
earnest,  resolute,  hopeful,  womanly  and  alive." 

On  June  11th  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  an  article  on  the  color 

question  for  one  of  the  Providence  papers. 

[144] 


In  this  paper  she  traces  the  gradual  removal  of  the  legal 
restrictions  based  upon  racial  prejudice,  and  concludes  as 
follows:  "I  have  been  led  to  these  reflections  by  reading  the 
Forty-second  annual  report  of  the  'Providence  Association 
for  the  Benefit  of  Colored  Children,'  the  second  article  of 
whose  constitution  declares  that  its  'object  shall  be  to  place 
in  the  Shelter  orphan  children  of  color,  and  to  have  them 
suitably  educated  for  their  sphere  in  life.'  The  establishment 
of  this  institution  was  doubtless  a  beneficent  one,  and  it  has, 
of  course,  been  the  instrument  of  much  good.  But  it  is  too 
late  now,  if  it  was  necessary  forty-two  years  ago,  to  keep  up 
institutions  especiall}^  for  colored  people,  or  for  colored  chil- 
dren, without  doing  more  harm  than  good.  It  is  an  unwise 
and  injurious  attempt  to  preserve  from  utter  decay  the  rotten 
assumption  that  persons  with  any  taint  of  African  blood  are 
to  be  always  considered  degraded  as  a  class,  and  that  their 
education  must  be  such  as  to  fit  them  specially  for  a  'sphere 
in  life'  suited  to  such  degradation.  All  children  should  be 
trained  industrially,  and  thus  such  training  would  be  made 
honorable  as  well  as  useful.  But  no  children  should  be  taught, 
even  by  implication,  much  less  by  all  surrounding  circum- 
stances, that  there  is  something  in  inheritance,  or  in  their 
present  condition,  that  will  forever  forbid  them  to  aspire  to 
any  'sphere  in  life'  which  they  may  prove  themselves  capable 
of  filling  worthily. 

"Lest  any  reader  should  enquire,  would  I  have  this  benefi- 
cent institution  abandoned,  I  reply  by  no  means.  We  have 
now  far  too  little  provision  for  the  support  and  care  of  desti- 
tute, homeless  children.  But  I  would  have  the  color  line 
removed.  I  would  open  the  doors  of  the  'Shelter'  to  any 
children  who  need  its  protecting,  fostering  care;  and  then  I 
should  hope  tiiat  the  Children's  Friend  Society  and  all  other 
benevolent  and  educational  institutions  would  do  the  same; 
that  henceforth  it  might  not  be  only  the  almshouse  and  the 

[145] 


penal  institutions  in  which  the  all-embracing  1-sson  of  human- 
ity should  be  taught,  that  'God  hath  made  of  one  blood  all 
nations  of  men  that  dwell  on  the  face  of  the  earth,'  or  the  only 
abodes  where  the  doctrines  of  brotherly  and  sisterly  love  and 
regard  for  the  rights  of  man  are  inculcated  and  practised." 
X  Mrs.  Chace,  in  the  article  above,  has  addressed  herself 
directly  to  the  "reader"  of  her  day;  the  writers  of  this 
chronicle  would  directly  address  the  "reader"  of  their  day, 
and  call  his  attention  to  the  keen  satire  of  the  old  Abolitionist 
upon  the  civilization  in  which  the  doctrine  that  God  hath 
made  of  one  blood  all  the  nations  on  the  earth  was  exemplified 
only  in  its  jails  and  poorhouses. 

The  following  article  was  written  to  be  read  before  the 
Women's  Congress  at  Buffalo  in  October,  1881.  It  was  again 
read  before  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Association 
by  Mrs.  Chace  herself.  In  presenting  it  here,  it  has  been 
necessar}^,  because  of  space  limits,  to  omit  the  first  portion, 
which  was  a  valuable  historical  statement  of  the  growth  of 
cotton  manufacture  and  the  change  in  the  character  of  the 
employees.  But  the  portion  of  the  article  given  is  as  she 
wrote  it,  except  for  the  omission  of  some  sentences  which 
merely  repeat  ideas  already  expressed. 


"Factory  Women  and  Girls  of  New  England 

******** 

Thus,  it  is  a  fact,  that  a  very  large  number  of  women  and 
girls,  from  ten  years  old  to  forty  or  fifty,  are  employed  in  the 
cottcn  and  woolen  mills  of  the  northern  and  middle  states  of 
this  country,  mostly  in  New  England.  It  is,  therefore,  a  sub- 
ject of  grave  concern  as  to  what  is  their  actual  condition,  and, 
what  are  the  duties  of  other  women  toward  them.  Many  of 
those   born    in   England,   Ireland   and   Canada   cannot   read 

[146] 


or  write;  and  of  those  who  have  had  a  chance  in  our  public 
schools,  most  of  them  have  gone  to  work  so  early,  that  their 
schooling  has  been  of  the  most  rudimentary  character,  and  is 
easily  forgotten.  They  are  excluded  from  the  society  of  their 
own  sex  outside  of  the  factory,  by  a  variety  of  barriers  — 
chief  of  which  are  their  foreign  birth  or  extraction,  their 
poverty,  their  want  of  education,  and  the  necessity  that  they 
should  be  always  at  work.  Two  other  causes  also  contribute 
largely  to  this  exclusion.  These  people  are  mostly  Catholic 
in  their  religion,  and  this  excludes  them  from  Protestant  com- 
panionship, as  well  as  excludes  Protestant  companionship 
from  them ;  and  the  other  cause  is,  the  growing  tendency  in 
our  civilization,  toward  class  distinctions. 

"Many  of  these  operatives  live  a  floating  life.  Trifling 
circumstances,  and  the  hope  of  improving  their  condition, 
lead  them  to  move  about,  and  thus  they  continue  unthrifty 
and  poor;  and,  whatever  unfortunate  results  follow,  they  all 
bear  with  most  hardship  upon  the  women.  On  the  contrary, 
those  who  remain  in  one  place,  if  they  cultivate  habits  of 
industry  and  sobriety,  do  constantly  improve  their  circum- 
stances, and  become  more  and  more  assimilated  to  the  native 
inhabitants.  But,  with  rare  exceptions,  they  have  brought 
with  them  the  inherited  improvidence,  which  comes  from  many 
generations  in  hopeless  poverty,  under  old  world  oppressions. 
Their  grandmothers  were  not  of  the  kind  who  never  suffered 
a  crumb  that  a  chicken  would  eat,  to  be  swept  into  the  fire, 
or  a  piece  of  bread  that  a  child  could  hold  in  his  hand,  to  be 
cast  into  the  swill-pail,  or  a  shred  of  cloth  that  would  serve 
for  a  patch,  to  go  into  the  rag-bag.  The  vice  of  intemperance 
is  a  terrible  curse  to  these  people;  and,  though  drunkenness 
is  far  less  common  among  women  than  among  men,  still,  it  is 
they  who  suffer  most  severely  from  its  effects.  The  opera- 
tives are  mostly  women  and  young  persons  of  both  sexes ; 
the  men  are  not  always  able  to  find  employment  at  anything 

[  147  ] 


they  can  do,  and  so,  they  often  get  into  the  habit  of  depend- 
ing on  their  children  for  support,  and,  in  their  idleness,  they 
indulge  in  drinking,  which  renders  them  a  torment  as  well  as 
a  burden  in  their  homes. 

"These  homes  have  too  often  little  to  make  them  either 
comfortable  or  attractive  to  their  inmates.  The  tenement 
SA'stem  in  the  villages  necessitates  the  crowding  of  several 
families  in  too  close  proximity;  two  and  sometimes  four 
families  using  the  same  stairs,  entries  and  doors,  making  neat- 
ness and  privacy  impossible.  In  some  of  these  tenements, 
the  room  where  all  the  cooking,  eating,  washing,  etc.,  are 
done,  is  the  only  sitting  room,  thus  giving  little  chance  for 
comfort,  to  say  nothing  of  recreation. 

"Much  of  the  poverty  which  we  find  in  families  who  have 
been  long  employed  in  the  factory  is  due  to  the  constant 
employment  of  young  girls  therein,  because  they  are  thus 
left  ignorant  of  all  proper  management  of  household  affairs. 
Many  of  these  girls  cannot  sew  decently;  they  know  nothing 
of  the  cutting  or  fitting  of  garments,  that  great  source  of 
economy  in  poor  households.  They  understand  little  of  cook- 
ing, they  are  wholly  ignorant  of  hygiene,  and  have  no  idea 
what  foods  are  nutritious,  and,  consequently,  economical. 
They  have  had  no  time  to  learn,  and  nobody  to  teach  them, 
for  their  mothers  were  ignorant  before  them.  The  need  is 
imperative,  of  finding  some  way  to  teach  these  growing  girls, 
who  are  to  be  the  wives  and  mothers  of  future  workers  of  both 
sexes,  the  needful  art  of  right  home-making  and  home-living. 
Where  there  are  no  sufficient  accommodations  for  bathing  in- 
doors, the  health  of  the  women  suffers  more  from  the  want 
than  the  men,  because  men  and  boys  have  the  use  of  the  ponds 
and  rivers.  The  introduction  of  bath-houses  for  the  opera- 
tives, by  some  manufacturers,  is  a  blessing  that  should  be 
made  universal,  and  where  it  has  been  bestowed,  it  is  appre- 
ciated by  the  recipients  beyond  all  expectation. 

[  148  ] 


"Ventilation  in  tenement  houses  is  seldom  sufficiently  pro- 
vided for,  and,  as  a  rule,  this  class  of  people  are  excessively 
afraid  of  open  windows  at  night.  The  pale  faces,  the  languid 
steps,  noticeable  in  factory  girls,  are  as  much  due  to  unhealth- 
ful  conditions  at  home,  as  to  overwork  and  confinement  in  the 
mills.  And,  I  repeat,  the  important  necessity  is,  the  securing 
of  time  and  opportunity  to  the  girls  for  learning  the  arts  of 
healthful,  frugal  housekeeping. 

"A  girl  who  goes  into  the  mill  at  twelve  years  of  age,  and 
I  am  sorry  to  have  to  say  they  often  do  when  younger, 
and  works  there  till  she  marries  ;  and,  as  is  frequently  the  case, 
continues  to  work  there  until  she  has  children,  and  often  after- 
ward leaves  some  old  woman  to  care  for  the  little  ones  while 
she  goes  to  the  factory  for  ten  or  eleven  hours  a  day,  cannot, 
in  the  nature  of  things,  become  a  wise  and  prudent  house- 
wife. 

"The  question  of  the  employment  of  young  children  in  the 
factories  is  of  so  difficult  solution  that  one  meets  with  great 
discouragement  at  the  outset  in  any  undertaking  to  prevent 
it.  The  first  obstacle  which  strikes  the  humane  student  of 
factory  life,  after  the  conviction  that  young  children  should 
not  work  there,  is  the  apparent  necessity  that  they  must  do 
so  or  be  worse  off  than  they  are.  They  often  belong  to  large 
families,  in  which  there  are  several  children  younger  than 
themselves ;  the  mother  has  her  hands  full,  with  the  nursing 
and  the  housework ;  the  wages  of  the  father  will  not  support 
the  family,  even  if  he  dispenses  with  the  expense  of  tobacco 
and  rum.  Thus,  it  often  happens,  that  the  labor  of  such  chil- 
dren is  so  important  an  item  in  the  maintenance  of  the  house- 
hold, that  one  is  unable  to  see  how  it  can  be  dispensed  with. 
I  Iiave,  myself,  with  the  best  intention  of  preventing  young 
children  from  being  permitted  to  work,  lacked  the  courage 
to  interfere,  when  it  seemed  quite  certain  that  such  interfer- 
A'nce  must  ensure  their  actual  suffering  and  that  of  the  other 

[149] 


members  of  their  families,  or  compel  them  to  depend  on 
charity.  In  all  the  Now  England  States,  laws  have  been 
enacted  and  amended,  from  time  to  time,  to  limit  and  regulate 
the  employment  of  children  in  manufacturing  establishments. 
In  Massachusetts  the  law  forbids  such  employment  of  any 
child  under  ten  years  of  age,  with  heavy  penalty  upon  any^ 
parent  or  guardian  who  violates  it.  Also,  the  employment  of 
any  child  under  fourteen,  unless  such  child  shall  attend  school 
twenty  weeks  in  each  year.  Truant  officers  are  appointed  in 
every  manufacturing  town,  to  see  that  the  law  is  enforced; 
and  I  believe  it  is  more  fully  attended  to  in  Massachusetts* 
than  in  any  other  state.  Still,  violations  are  frequently  re- 
ported at  Fall  River,  while  at  Lowell,  it  is  claimed  that  the 
law  is  strictly  obeyed,  as  far  as  is  possible ;  and  that  the  super- 
intendents of  the  corporations  and  the  school  teachers  coop- 
erate with  the  authorities  in  the  matter.  And  yet,  the  super- 
intendent of  the  Merrimack  Mills  says,  that  he  has  no  doubt 
they  have  many  children  at  work  below  the  age  of  ten  years, 
because  mother  and  child  will  swear  to  the  requisite  age, 
and  so,  with  all  their  vigilance,  the  authorities  are  foiled.  In 
Maine,  the  law  is  scarcely  less  stringent,  and  yet,  ex-Governor 
Dingley  declares,  that  'it  is  not  enforced,  except  in  special 
cases — as  when  the  School  Committee'  (who  are  the  only 
persons  appointed  to  attend  to  it)  'make  a  special  request 
to  the  agents' — and  from  the  tone  of  the  answer  of  Gov- 
ernor Dingley,  I  judge  this  is  but  seldom.  Connecticut,  New 
Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island  statutes  differ  only  slightly 
from  the  preceding;  but  I  fear  they  are  not  very  rigidly 
enforced  or  obeyed,  except  as  the  manufacturers  choose  to 
observe  them.  I  am  sure  this  is  the  case  in  Rhode  Island; 
although  there  is  a  movement  here  in  the  direction  of  more 
stringent  measures,  which  is  not  yet  put  into  law.  For  reasons 
heretofore  stated,  there  is  not,  as  a  general  rule,  in  most 
manufacturing    places,    any    hearty    cooperation    with    the 

[150] 


authorities,  on  the  part  of  the  parents  or  the  employers. 
There  is  much  excuse  for  the  parents,  in  the  fact  that  they 
do  not  know  the  physical  deterioration  which  must  result  to 
their  offspring  from  too  early  continual  labor;  and  they 
do  not  appreciate  the  value  of  the  education  which  their  chil- 
dren are  thus  deprived  of.  Also,  these  parents  are,  in  many 
cases,  miserably  poor.  The  father  is  often  intemperate,  and 
the  mother,  dragged  about  from  one  factory  village  to  another, 
too  frequently  adding  more  children  to  the  burden  she  already 
carries,  learns  to  calculate  upon  their  earnings,  as  fast  as  they 
get  old  enough  to  use  their  hands.  For  all  this,  the  employer 
is  not  wholly  responsible.  Partly  in  charity  and  kindness, 
partly  because  such  labor  is  cheaper,  partly  because  some 
work  in  factories  can  best  be  done  by  children,  and  partly 
from  indifference  and  inattention,  it  is  seldom  that  the  em- 
ployers themselves  take  any  decisive  measures  to  secure  obedi- 
ence to  these  laws.  The  laws  themselves,  although  intended 
for  the  protection  of  the  children,  do  not  sufficiently  protect 
them,  because  continuous  labor  of  this  character,  from  ten 
to  eleven  hours  a  day,  is  too  much  for  any  children  under  six- 
teen years  of  age,  even  for  nine  months  in  the  year ;  and  many 
of  those  so  employed  are  not  over  ten  or  twelve.  The  moral, 
economical,  physical  and  mental  effect  is  injurious,  and,  there- 
fore, although  temporarily  beneficial  in  the  support  of  the 
families,  it  is,  in  the  end,  unprofitable  to  all  concerned.  Also, 
in  many  cases,  the  effect  upon  parents  of  depending  upon 
tiicir  young  children  for  support  is  bad.  Drunken,  idle 
fathers,  drunken,  negligent  mothers  are  to  be  found  in  this 
class  of  our  population,  who  learn  to  depend  easily  on  the 
labor  of  young  boys  and  girls  for  bread,  as  well  as  for  rum 
and  tobacco. 

"I  shall,  of  course,  in  this  paper  especially  consider  only 
the  effect  of  this  juvenile  labor  upon  girls,  leaving  the  question 

[  151  ] 


of  its  results  upon  the  growing  manhood  to  be  discussed  on 
other  occasions. 

"Most  of  the  work  performed  by  girls  in  factories  requires 
almost  constant  standing;  and  of  course  some  of  it  is  more 
difficult  than  others,  A  superintendent  of  many  years'  experi- 
ence told  me  that  the  Avork  on  one  kind  of  machine,  performed 
entirely  by  girls  of  thirteen  and  fourteen  years,  is,  with  one 
exception,  considering  the  nature  of  the  labor  and  the  strength 
of  the  laborers,  the  most  difficult  and  the  most  straining  of 
any  work  done  in  a  cotton  mill.  And  the  exception  is  some 
work  performed  by  men.  When  I  asked  him  why  boys  were 
not  set  to  do  this  work,  he  replied,  that  it  required  a  nimble- 
ness  and  dexterity  of  the  fingers,  of  which  only  young  girls 
are  capable.  And  yet  it  is  absolutely  legal  to  employ  these 
girls  in  this  standing,  straining  work,  which  requires  this  con- 
stant and  swift  motion  of  the  hands  either  ten  or  eleven  hours 
a  day,  for  nine  months  in  the  year.  Fortunately,  in  each 
cotton  mill,  there  are  but  few  required  on  this  particular 
machine,  and  most  of  the  girls  can  gain  time  to  take  some 
rest  during  every  day.  But  many  girls,  at  that  critical  age, 
are  employed  in  other  tasks,  which,  though  less  arduous,  do 
keep  them  on  their  feet  the  greater  part  of  the  time ;  although 
at  this  day,  seats  are  pretty  generally  provided  for  them  to 
use  in  spare  moments. 

"Many  physicians,  of  late  years,  have  sounded  the  alarm 
concerning  overstudy,  school-houses  built  in  such  a  manner 
as  to  necessitate  the  climbing  of  many  stairs  by  young  girls, 
and  other  causes  of  ill-health  among  them.  These  evils  affect 
the  more  carefully  guarded  classes  of  children,  belonging  to 
families,  where,  in  other  respects,  hygiene  is  more  or  less  con- 
sidered, and  youth  receives  some  protection,  in  the  effort  to 
■establish  a  vigorous  womanhood.  The  girls  for  whom  I  speak 
come  from  another  class,  who,  in  other  respects,  have  little 
chance  for  health,  who  sleep  in  ill-ventilated  rooms,  who  eat 

[152] 


unwholesome  food,  who  are  often  poorly  clad,  and  upon  whose 
dawning  womanhood  is  laid  this  fearful  strain. 

"It  seems  to  me  a  vain  excuse  to  say  that  such  is  an  un- 
avoidable result  of  financial  laws,  which  require  that  the 
working  classes  shall  be  worked  to  the  utmost  extent  of  their 
strength.  If  the  controlling  classes,  in  their  struggle  to  re- 
tain and  increase  their  wealth,  are  justified  in  availing  them- 
selves of  all  the  power  given  them  by  the  possession  of  capital, 
of  all  the  forces  created  by  what  are  called  the  laws  of  trade, 
to  the  detriment  of  their  weaker  fellow-creatures,  I  see  no 
reason  why  they  would  not  also  be  justified  in  using  physical 
force  to  attain  the  same  end,  thus  converting  their  employees 
into  chattel  slaves.  Neither  can  the  urgency  of  competition 
justify  us  in  'laying  heavy  burdens  grievous  to  be  borne' 
upon  shoulders  too  weak  to  carry  them  healthfully. 

"If  manufacturers  would  make  their  superintendents  and 
overseers  understand  that  they  desire  the  welfare  of  the  help 
more  than  the  greatest  amount  of  labor,  much  good  would 
result.  A  superintendent  said  to  me,  'A  man  in  my  position 
is  between  two  duties ;  he  doesn't  want  to  crowd  work  on  an 
operative  that  he  knows  will  nearly  kill  him,  and  yet  he  feels 
under  an  obligation  to  the  manufacturer  to  get  all  the  work 
done  possible.' 

"Studying  this  question  of  juvenile  labor  in  all  its  aspects, 
the  only  just  solution  which  seems  to  me  possible  is  the 
general  establishment  by  law  of  half-time  schools,  to  be  main- 
tained at  the  public  expense,  and  made  a  branch  of  the  public 
school  system.  Thus,  there  could  be  two  sets  of  children  to 
attend  the  same  machinery,  one  in  the  forenoon  and  the  other 
in  the  afternoon,  alternating  the  attendance  at  school  in  the 
same  way;  and  this,  of  course,  should  be  made  compulsory. 
By  this  means  the  children  would  be  receiving  a  double  educa- 
tion—  one  in  the  very  important  art  of  being  useful  and  of 
earning  a  living;  the  other  in  the  knowledge  and  wisdom  of  the 

[153] 


school,  so  necessary  to  the  proper  development  of  character 
and  the  making  of  worthy  citizens.  This  system,  as  adopted 
and  tried  in  England,  is  pronounced  entirely  satisfactory. 
These  families  of  factory  workers  must  have  the  help  of  their 
children,  and  our  present  system,  even  where  the  restraining 
laws  are  best  enforced,  as  they  are,  I  believe,  in  Massachusetts, 
do  not  overcome  all  the  objectionable  features  in  the  employ- 
ment of  these  children.  And  where  they  are  not  thoroughly 
enforced,  as  I  know  to  be  the  case  in  Rhode  Island,  we  are 
allowing  to  grow  up,  a  large  class  of  dwarfed  and  ignorant 
people,  which  gives  anything  but  promise  for  the  future  wel- 
fare of  our  country,  to  say  nothing  of  the  cruel  injustice  of 
such  a  system  to  the  people  themselves.  It  is  asserted,  as  the 
result  of  experience  with  half-time  schools,  that  children  so 
taught  learn  more  rapidly  and  have  more  liking  for  the  school 
than  do  those  who  are  confined  there  the  whole  of  the 
school  day ;  and  also  that  they  have  more  interest  and  more 
activity  and  faithfulness  in  their  work  when  their  working 
time  is  so  shortened  that  it  does  not  weary  them.  All  which 
seems  rational.  Evening  schools  for  children  employed 
throughout  the  day,  though  better  than  none,  must  always 
be  a  partial  failure,  because  preceded  by  a  full  day's  work, 
which  unfits  the  mind  for  much  mental  activity. 

"An  important  subject  to  be  considered  in  this  connection 
is  the  virtue  of  factory  girls.  In  this,  perhaps,  more  than  in 
any  other  class  of  society,  it  is  impossible  to  be  sure  of  pre- 
serving the  purity  of  the  maidens,  while  no  effort  is  made  to 
inculcate  an  equal  morality  into  the  minds  of  the  boys  who 
grow  up  beside  them.  These  young  men  have  no  lower  class 
of  women  upon  whom  to  prey,  and,  if  their  passions  are  un- 
controlled by  moral  principle,  their  influence  upon  the  girls 
with  whom  they  are  in  daily  and  hourly  association  is  of  the 
most  dangerous  character. 

"Both   tenement  and   factory  life   tend  to  break   reserve 

[154] 


betvPeen  the  sexes,  and,  when  the  girls  are  only  slightly  guarded 
and  imperfectly  taught,  and  the  boys  are  neither  guarded 
nor  taught  at  all,  the  result  is  natural.  There  is,  of  course^ 
a  large  class  of  factory  families  in  which  virtue  is  taught  and 
respected,  and  where  the  daughters  are  as  carefully  trained 
and  watched  over,  as  the  circumstances  will  permit;  but,  in 
the  more  ignorant  and  wretched  families,  where  the  parents 
are  frequently  intemperate,  and  the  children  rush  gladly, 
when  the  day's  work  is  done,  into  the  streets,  away  from  their 
crowded  and  unclean  homes,  it  is  not  strange  that  the  sensual 
instincts  assume  control.  The  discomforts  of  many  of  the 
homes,  sometimes  extending  to  actual  cruelty  by  drunken 
parents  toward  their  children,  not  unfrequently  sends  the 
daughters  out  to  become  an  easy  prey  to  any  solicitations 
which  wear  the  garb  of  tenderness  and  gentleness,  and  which 
come  from  the  sex,  who,  in  the  eyes  of  the  world,  suffer  little- 
disrepute  thereby. 

"Another  source  of  temptation  is  the  fact,  that  girls  who 
live  at  home,  whether  they  are  of  age  or  not,  rarely  have  the 
control  of  their  own  wages.  Instead  of  paying  their  board 
to  their  parents,  and  reserving  the  rest  to  use  at  their  own 
discretion,  it  is  the  almost  invariable  custom  for  the  mother 
to  take  all  that  the  daughters  earn,  and  then  provide  them 
such  clothing  as  she  thinks  she  can  spare  from  the  family 
necessities.  I  have  known  girls  long  past  their  majority,  who 
had  worked  .-.  the  mill  from  their  childhood,  but  had  never 
had  a  cent  they  could  call  their  own.  Notwithstanding  all 
these  untoward  circumstances,  I  believe  it  is  rare  that  a 
factory  girl  becomes  an  actual  prostitute;  and  though  less 
mercenary  lapses  from  virtue,  often  followed  by  wretched 
marriages,  do  occur,  there  is  still  much  to  be  said  in  praise 
and  commendation  of  the  lives  of  many  of  these  girls.  Better 
homes,  wiser  teaching,  for  the  youth  of  both  sexes,  would  do 
much  to  prevent  the  currents  of  their  young  lives  from  setting; 

[155] 


in  wrong  directions,  into  which  too  many  of  them  naturally 
enter,  when  it  is  almost  the  only  relief  from  toil,  and  the  sole 
change  from  dreary  conditions  of  existence.  With  experi- 
enced, conscientious  teachers,  I  should  hope  much  from  the 
half-time  schools,  for  the  moral  training  of  this,  to  me,  deeply 
interesting  class  of  people, 

"In  depicting  the  condition  of  women  and  girls,  both  in  the 
factory  and  the  home,  I  wish  it  to  be  understood,  that  much 
of  what  I  say  is  the  result  of  my  own  personal  observation. 
Also,  I  do  not  mean  to  give  the  impression,  that  the  employ- 
ment of  large  numbers  of  women  and  men,  in  establishments 
for  the  manufacture  of  useful  fabrics,  is,  in  itself,  an  evil. 
Neither  do  I  mean  that  the  wrong  conditions  of  which  I  speak 
are  equally  in  force  in  all  manufactories,  although  I  do  believe 
they  exist  in  all  to  some  extent.  There  are  many  cases,  where 
constant  attempts  are  made  by  manufacturers  to  correct 
abuses,  and  to  improve  the  condition  and  elevate  the  character 
of  the  operatives. 

"In  factory  homes  a  frequent  visitor  will  often  meet  with 
incidents  and  circumstances  that  reveal  conditions  from  which 
there  is  much  to  hope.  I  have,  myself,  witnessed  instances  of 
rare  cleanliness  and  tastefulness,  under  very  unfavorable 
circumstances,  and  evidences  of  unselfishness  and  kindness, 
such  as  is  seldom  to  be  found  elsewhere.  Living  as  these 
people  generally  do,  in  tenements  so  connected,  that  the  differ- 
ent families  are  constantly  coming  in  contact  in  all  their 
domestic  affairs,  the  numerous  children  being  much  together, 
from  all  parts  of  the  house,  there  have  been  times  when  I  have 
bowed  my  head  in  humiliation  and  reverence,  before  the  for- 
bearance, the  self-denial  and  the  patient  endurance  of  some 
of  these  women.  Unless  incited  by  intoxicating  drinks,  a 
quarrel  between  diff'erent  families  is  a  rare  occurrence. 

"There  is  another  class  of  factory  women,  to  whom  I  have 
hitherto  made  no  allusion,  but  to  whom  I  should  be  very  un- 

[156] 


just,  if  I  failed  to  include  them  in  the  considerations  of  this 
paper;  and  that  is,  the  wives  and  daughters  of  the  manufac- 
turers. In  this  day  of  larger  establishments,  of  greater 
wealth  and  higher  opportunities,  they  are  not  required  to 
take  part  in  the  running  of  the  machinery;  but,  in  the  light 
of  a  searching  analysis  of  duty,  they  cannot  be  excused  from 
a  grave  responsibility  in  the  process  of  dealing  with  the  con- 
cerns of  those  from  the  results  of  whose  labor,  they  largely 
derive  the  means  of  their  own  comfort  and  enjoyment. 

"The  ascent  from  ignorance,  poverty,  coarseness  and  hard- 
ship, to  culture,  wealth,  refinement  and  ease,  is  by  slow  steps 
of  progress,  and  those  at  the  highest  point  are  fortunate  in 
having  had  the  way  opened  for  them  by  others  who  have  pre- 
ceded them.  And  surely  it  is  their  duty  to  hold  out  to  those 
behind  them  a  helping  hand,  in  order  to  lift  them  as  far  as 
possible  to  a  level  with  themselves.  I  know  plenty  of  people, 
who  are  now  in  the  enjoyment  of  all  the  advantages  which 
wealth  bestows,  whose  grand-parents  were,  within  my  own 
memory,  among  the  hand-workers  of  the  day ;  some  of  them 
as  uneducated  and  as  poor  as  are  many  of  those  now  employed 
by  their  grand-children.  There  is  much  these  more  fortunate 
women  can  do  to  improve  the  conditions  in  the  lives  of  their 
humbler  sisters:  and,  as  the  recipients  of  tl.e  fruits  of  thcr 
labor,  there  is  no  excuse  for  them  if  they  pass  them  by  on  the 
other  side.  These  factory  women  of  the  higher  class  should 
make  themselves  personally  acquainted  with  the  actual  con- 
dition of  the  feminine  workers  in  the  mills.  It  is  their  duty 
to  see  that  too  heavy  work  is  not  required  of  them ;  that  they 
have  seats  on  which  to  rest  in  spare  moments ;  and,  above  all, 
that  the  superintendents  and  overseers  are  men  who,  while 
they  arc  qualified  to  manage  the  work  well,  are  also  morally 
fit  to  preside  over  women  and  girls.  If  this  better  class  of 
factory  women  would  combine  in  any  one  state,  to  secure  the 
establishment  of  half-time  schools,  I  believe  they  would  be 

[157] 


successful.  When  this  is  accomplished,  the  time  thus  gained 
Vill  afford  opportunity  to  institute  cooking  schools,  sewing 
schools  and  kitchen  gardens,  where  the  young  girls  can  be 
trained  for  house-keeping.  These  upper  class  factory  women 
should  visit  the  homes  and  take  a  personal  interest  in  their 
concerns.  Many  suggestions  they  might  make  there  would 
he  invaluable  to  these  households.  Their  very  presence  and 
their  kindly  words  would  give  comfort  and  hope  to  the  hearts 
of  the  women  they  would  meet  there.  The  little  children  in 
the  families  of  the  factory  workers  should  be  the  especial  care 
of  these  ladies,  who  should  establish  nurseries  and  kinder- 
gartens, to  saA'e  from  neglect  in  the  homes  and  contamination 
in  the  streets,  these  future  men  and  women,  whose  lives  are 
often  turned  in  wrong  directions  before  they  are  old  enough 
to  be  admitted  to  the  schools.  To  my  sisters  of  this  fortunate 
class  of  factory  women,  I  would  urge  an  appeal,  if  I  could, 
that  should  banish  sleep  from  their  eyes  and  slumber  from 
their  eyelids,  until  they  were  so  awakened  to  a  sense  of  their 
duties,  as  to  lead  them  to  go  forth  to  the  investigation  of  the 
condition  of  every  family,  and  of  every  woman,  and  of  every 
girl,  whose  labor  in  the  mill,  while  it  produces  the  means  of 
their  own  support,  helps  also  to  furnish  the  supply  of  purple 
and  fine  linen  which  these  ladies  wear.  What  better  supple- 
ment to  the  education  of  a  young  lady  could  there  be,  than 
the  round  of  visiting  by  her  mother's  side,  which  this  service 
■would  require.'  To  what  better  purpose  could  she  devote  a 
share  of  her  leisure  time,  than  to  devising  and  carrying  out 
methods  for  the  amusement,  instruction  and  benefit,  in  a 
variety  of  ways,  of  the  young  girls,  whose  lives  could  be 
sweetened  and  enriched  by  her  sisterly  ministrations;  while, 
from  some  of  them,  she  could  learn  lessons  of  self-sacrifice 
and  faithfulness  in  the  performance  of  duty,  such  as  her  life 
has  hitherto  given  her  no  opportunity  to  conceive.'' 

"I  would  not  exclude  from  such  beneficence  other  women 

[  158  ] 


living  in  factory  neighborhoods,  who  are  not  directly  inter- 
ested in  the  financial  interests  of  the  mills,  but  who,  with  their 
children,  cannot  escape  the  effect  of  the  moral,  intellectual 
and  physical  atmosphere  around  them.  I  maintain  that, 
wherever  we  live,  it  is  our  duty  to  interest  ourselves  in  the 
welfare  of  the  people  among  whom  our  lives  are  cast,  espe- 
cially if  in  the  race  of  progress,  they  are  behind  us ;  and  this 
for  our  own  sake  as  well  as  theirs.  We  cannot  flee  from  our 
responsibilities  of  this  character,  and  woe  be  unto  us  if  we 
ignore  them.  The  plea  that  the  people  around  us  are  not 
in  our  employ,  and  therefore  we  have  no  duties  toward  them, 
M'ill  not  save  us  from  the  consequences  to  ourselves  of  our 
neglect  of  them.  The  unfortunate  Jew  who  fell  among  thieves 
was  not  only  an  alien  but  he  was  an  enemy  of  the  good 
Samaritan  who  ministered  to  his  necessities." 
October,  1881. 

Mrs.   Kate  G.  Wells  to  ]Mrs.   Chace 

"Oct.  20th.  The  Congress  itself  was  the  best  we  have  had 
for  a  long  time. 

"Your  paper  attracted  marked  attention.  It  came  first 
in  order  to  secure  a  future  good  opinion  for  us.  Of  course 
Miss  Eastman  read  it  well.  ]Mrs.  Cheney  spoke  to  it  first, 
and  spoke  of  you.  Miss  May  followed  in  an  admonition  to 
simple  dressing  as  an  example  to  Factor}'  Girls.  The  gentle- 
men spoke  of  it  with  special  regard  as  a  most  able  and  valu- 
able contribution  to  the  subject.  Let  me  offer  you  their 
congratulations." 

Mrs.  Kate  G.  Wells  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"At  a  Board  meeting  of  the  A.  A.  W.  Oct.  22nd,  you 
were  appointed  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Reforms  and 
Statistics.  .  .  . 

"You  were  also  elected  Vice-President  for  R.  I." 

[159] 


The  spelling  and  punctuation  of  the  following  letter  are 
much  corrected,  but  the  original  wording  is  given  absolutely. 

TO  Mrs.  Chace 


"Nov.  28th,  1881.  I  had  the  pleasure  on  Friday  eve  of 
last  week  of  reading  your  paper  on  Factory  Women  and  Girls 
of  New  England.  I  was  well  pleased,  it  was  so  true  to  life, 
and  that  there  was  one  woman  that  would  interest  herself  in 
that  class  of  girls,  having  been  one  myself.  I  had  indeed  come 
to  think  that  they  were  truly  forsaken. 

"I  was  left  fatherless  when  very  young.  My  mother  went 
to  Lonsdale,  R.  I.  with  8  little  ones  to  provide  for.  I  went 
to  work  in  the  factory  before  I  was  8  years  old,  and  not  to 
school  but  very  little  afterwards,  a  few  weeks  at  any  one  time. 
In  those  days,  or  40  years  ago,  I  worked  14  hours  daily.  So 
with  poor  health  and  hard  work,  with  little  or  no  encourage- 
ment, I  find  myself  today,  an  ignorant  woman  on  the  shady 
side  of  fifty,  trying  to  get  an  education, — God  willing,  I  will 
yet  accomplish  it. 

"After  my  brothers  and  sisters  were  grown  up,  my  mother 
was  an  invalid  eleven  years.  Then  I  married,  and  my  child 
is  gone  up.  I  have  but  one  living.  I  find  myself  with  a  com- 
fortable home,  a  kind  Husband,  and  a  desire  for  an  education. 
This  desire  I  have  had  through  life,  but  I  have  never  seen  the 
time  before  when  I  could  devote  time  and  money  for  that 
purpose.  Should  I  not  gratify  this  desire.''  Hoping  you  will 
excuse  me  for  addressing  you,  a  stranger,  although  you  do 
not  seem  like  one,  I  have  known  you  so  long  through  the 
press. 

"I  have  ever  been  interested  in  your  writing.  What  more 
can  I  say  to  encourage  you  to  go  on  in  those  good  works  .'* 
My  heart  is  with  you.  If  I  held  the  pen  of  a  ready  writer, 
I  would  use  it  for  the  poor  women  and  children  of  America." 

[160] 


TO  Mrs.  Chace 


"Nov.  30th,  1881.  I  am  only  a  working  man,  but  I  feel 
I  cannot  rest  till  I  write  to  thank  you  for  your  able  paper, 
that  was  published  in  the  Evening  Bulletin,  on  the  factory 
system.  I  have  only  been  here  a  short  time,  and  I  have  seen 
the  hardships  in  your  cotton  and  worsted  mills  at  Olneyville 
and  Pawtucket, —  little  children  going  to  work  at  i  past 
6  A.M.,  and  having  to  get  their  breakfast  before  starting  from 
home; — and  some  I  asked,  had  to  walk  over  two  miles,  so 
you  can  guess  what  time  they  had  to  rise  out  of  bed.  They 
[have]  f  of  an  hour  for  dinner,  and  give  up  work  at  \  past 
6  at  night,  and  on  Saturdays  at  5  o'clock. 

"I  find  your  strong  able  bodied  men  work  10  hours  per  day, 
starting  at  7  o'clock,  and  some  less.  You  see  there  are  many 
months  in  the  year  that  the  children  never  see  their  homes 
by  daylight, —  only  on  Sundays, —  and  thank  God  for  that. 
I  am  sure  it  hurts  me  to  see  their  poor,  pale  faces  coming 
out  of  the  mills. 

"I  had  thought  before  I  saw  your  paper,  'What  a  grand 
chance  for  some  large  hearted  man  to  make  himself  a  noble 
name.'  I  am  sorry  to  say  the  Factory  Workers  themselves 
seem  indifferent  about  it.  They  are  like  the  children  of  Israel 
in  Egypt  when  they  told  Moses  to  let  them  alone.  I  am  afraid 
you  will  not  get  your  reward  here  [from]  the  people  you  are 
working  for,  unless  they  wake  up  to  see  their  own  folly.  But 
I  hope  you  will  get  one  of  the  brightest  crowns  in  Heaven. 

"I  might  say  I  have  been  brought  up  in  the  Mill,  just  as 
you  describe  in  your  paper.  There  was  seven  of  us  left,  so 
we  had  to  work  for  our  living  in  the  Mill,  and  mills  are  a  great 
blessing  if  rightly  used. 

"I  am  not  working  in  a  Mill  at  present,  but  being  new  to 
your  country,  I  take  more  notice  than  some  people. 

"I  have  had  no  schooling  to  mention,  so  I  hope  you  will 
excuse  all  errors,  I  mean  in  grammar  and  putting  together." 

[161] 


The  preceding  letter  is  signed  only  "A  Man,"  but  omitted 
passages  show  that  it  was  written  by  some  one  who  was 
familiar  with  factory  life  in  England. 

Just  before  her  seventy-fifth  birthday,  Mrs.  Chace  made 
an  address  at  a  Woman  Suffrage  Convention  in  Woonsocket. 
Here  she  sounded  her  peculiar  personal  note;  she  spoke  of 
the  Quaker  meeting-house  in  that  immediate  vicinity,  she 
referred  to  incidents  in  her  own  childhood,  she  told  how 
she  used  to  read  the  Congressional  debates  to  her  grand- 
mother, she  described  the  character  of  the  Smithfield  women 
of  the  generation  preceding  her  own;  and  drew,  what  was 
for  her,  the  inevitable  conclusion,  that  women  should  receive 
the  legal  right  of  suffrage. 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  Arnold  B.  Chace  lived  in  Valley  Falls  for 
several  years  after  their  marriage;  they  occupied  a  house 
almost  opposite  the  Homestead,  and  Arnold  went  in  to  see 
his  mother  usually  once  or  twice  in  the  daytime,  and  always 
between  eight  and  nine  o'clock  in  the  evening,  to  bid  her  good- 
night. In  the  autumn  of  1881,  he  took  his  family  to  Europe ; 
and  Captain  and  Mrs.  Wyman  came  from  Boston,  hired  his 
house  and  lived  in  it  in  order  to  be  near  Mrs.  Chace  in  his 
absence.  When  he  returned,  it  seemed  better,  for  various 
reasons,  for  him  to  make  a  home  in  Providence.  Captain 
and  Mrs.  Wyman  felt  that  it  would  not  be  right  to  leave 
Mrs.  Chace  alone  in  Valley  Falls ;  they  bought  Mr.  Chace's 
house  and  lived  there  until  about  six  years  before  her  death; 
when  her  increasing  age  and  illness  seemed  to  make  it  necessary 
that  they  should  live  in  the  Homestead  with  her,  and  Mr.  Chace 
returned  to  the  house  he  had  formerly  owned. 

These  facts  are  stated  to  make  clear  to  the  reader  the 
allusions  which  follow. 


[  162  ] 


Mrs.  Chace  began  the  year  1882  by  sending  to  the  Presa 
a  protest  against  Gambling  in  All  Its  Forms;  she  included 
in  these  forms,  playing  games  for  prizes,  and  raffling  for 
charitable  purposes ;  and  this  sentence  occurs  in  the  letter : 
"I  do  believe  that  the  example  of  respectable  and  so-called 
good  women  engaged  in  such  practices,  and  encouraging 
others  to  participate,  is  far  more  demoralizing  to  the  com- 
munity than  the  occupation  of  the  professional  gambler." 

On  February  5th  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  an  article  about  some 
terrible  incidents  which  had  recently  come  to  her  knowledge. 
This  article  was  published  and  we  give  an  extract : 

"The  recent  death  of  little  Ella  Jones,  from  cruel  treatment 

at  the  hands  of  Francis  and  Mary  D ,  is  one  more,  among 

many,  instances  that  show  the  necessity  of  some  humane  and 
adequate  provision  for  the  protection,  support  and  training 
of  the  destitute,  friendless  children  of  our  State.  Let  us  look 
at  this  case  in  detail  (and  here,  let  me  say  that  I  have  no 
sympathy  with  that  sentimental  sensitiveness  which  refuses 
to  read  or  hear  of  such  shocking  cruelties,  occurring  in  our 
midst ;  for,  if  we  can  bear  their  existence,  we  ought  to  bear 
to  know  about  them).  This  child,  probably  an  orphan,  as 
no  mention  is  made  of  any  parents,  was  an  inmate  of  the 
Warwick  poor-house.  And  to  any  one  familiar  with  the  con- 
ditions and  the  associations  in  this  class  of  our  institutions, 
it  is  unnecessary  for  me  to  say  that  such  houses  are  poor 
indeed  as  homes  for  orphan  children.  No  person  was  officially 
responsible  for  this  child's  welfare,  except  the  Overseer  of 
the  Poor  of  that  town,  and  it  is  not  always  that  this  officer 
is  chosen  because  he  is  especially  wise  or  exceptionally  humane. 
This  man  (for  I  never  heard  of  a  woman  being  selected  for 
that  office,)  gave  the  child  to  a  man  and  woman,  whose  brutal 
treatment  of  her  is  now  partially  accounted  for  by  their  gross 
ignorance.  They  brought  her  to  the  city — this  child  of 
eleven  years — to  do  most  of  the  work  of  their  house.    They 

[163] 


beat  her,  they  starved  her,  and  finally  killed  her  by  their 
excessive  cruelty ;  nobody  looking  after  her,  nobody  enquiring 
how  she  fared,  nobody  responsible. 

"Can  any  mother,  or  grandmother,  of  little  children  read 
this  sad  stor}' — and  they  should  read  it — and  then  go  to 
sleep  at  night  without  dwelling  with  horror  on  the  condition 
of  that  child;  day  after  day,  week  after  week,  month  after 
month,  hungry,  cold,  sore  from  bruises  inflicted  on  her  tender 
flesh,  always  afraid  of  her  tormentors ;  with  no  friend  to  whom 
to  appeal,  no  eye  to  pity,  no  hand  to  save;  with  no  hope — 
only  despair  and  death? 

"And  this  was  in  the  midst  of  what  we  call  our  Christian 
civilization.  Had  this  story  been  told  us  by  a  returned  mis- 
sionary, from  the  interior  of  some  barbarous,  heathen  land, 
how  our  ears  would  have  tingled,  and  our  hearts  burned  within 
us,  with  an  enthusiasm  to  go  forth  to  rescue  the  perishing. 
And  above  all,  if  we  were  told  that  the  perpetrators  of  these 
atrocities  were  supporters  of  the  religion  of  that  land,  how 
important  it  would  seem  to  us  that  we  should  carry  to  those 
savage  people  the  blessings  of  our  better  faith.  And  yet  none 
of  us  can  say  that  we  are  not  guilty,  or  at  least  partially  re- 
sponsible for  this  sorrowful  case,  while  we  sustain  a  system 
throughout  our  State  that  makes  such  cases,  at  all  times 
possible.  Two  years  ago  a  careful  inquiry  elicited  the  fact 
that  there  were  on  the  first  of  January,  fifty-two  [poor-housej 
children.  A  few  years  earlier  a  strong  effort  was  made  to 
procure  a  legislative  enactment,  with  appropriation,  for  the 
establishment  of  a  State  Home  and  School  for  children  of  this 
class ;  and  the  plan  only  failed  on  the  ground  of  insufficient 
funds  in  our  State  Treasury.  Since  that  time  large  sums  of 
money  have  been  expended  by  the  State  for  military  equip- 
ment and  parade,  for  the  celebration  of  battles,  for  the 
banqueting  of  foreign  guests,  and  for  various  other  demon- 
strations  equally   distasteful   to   persons   whose   hearts   are 

[164] 


aching  for  the  neglected,  suffering  children,  whom  misfortune 
and  dire  necessity  have  made  the  wards  of  our  State." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Journal 
[Extracts] 

"March  15.  When  I  read,  some  weeks  ago,  in  the  report 
of  the  day's  proceedings  in  the  General  Assembly,  that  'an 
amused  smile  passed  over  the  countenances  of  the  Senators 
as  Senator  Baker  presented  the  Memorial  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Woman  Suffrage  Association,'  I  wondered  if  the  consciences 
of  the  legislators  of  Rhode  Island  could  ever  be  awakened  to 
a  sense  of  their  continual  violation  of  the  principles  of  our 
government  as  well  as  of  the  Golden  Rule." 

To  some  representation  that  the  methods  employed  by  the 
Indiana  Woman  Suffragists  to  influence  their  legislators 
savored  of  lobbying  and  social  fascination,  Mrs.  Chace  replied 
earnestly  on  March  18th,  in  a  letter  to  the  Journal,  giving 
sketches  of  the  lives  and  characters  of  some  of  the  Indiana 
women,  who,  it  seemed,  had  "held  receptions"  and  invited  the 
legislators  to  come  and  talk  over  suffrage  questions  with  them. 
She  did  not  see  any  reason  why  such  "receptions"  might 
not  be  occasions  of  profit  to  all  persons  concerned. 

During  the  next  six  months  she  published  four  additional 
articles  on  Woman  Suffrage  in  the  Providence  papers ;  but 
she  sent,  in  between  these  messages  to  the  Rhode  Island  public, 
her  grave  word  from  her  seaside  home,  concerning  The  Sad 
Fate  of  Jennie  D.  Nevin.  The  title  itself  of  this  letter  tells 
the  story,  and  Mrs.  Chace's  comment  may  be  easily  divined. 
The  erring  man  should  not  go  unknown  and  uncondemned, 
and  the  physicians  whose  malpractice  is  often,  as  in  this  girl's 
case,  a  murder  which  "is  doubled"  should  not  be  "recognized 
as  members  of  that  profession  which,  above  all  others,  should 
be  pure  and  stainless."    Her  final  word  is  that  the  facts  of 

[165] 


such  cases  should  not  be  hidden  either  by  newspaper  reporters, 
medical  examiners,  or  the  coroner's  jury ;  but  that  they  should 
be  told,  not  "in  a  manner  to  gratify  or  excite  a  morbid  curi- 
osity," but  so  as  to  denounce  the  evil  and  to  warn  all  tempted 
persons. 

Mes.  Chace  to  Judge  C,  S.  Bradley 

"  Valley  Falls,  6th  mo.,  20th,  1882.  Your  note  in  behalf 
of  the  Committee  of  Brown  University  is  received  and  read 
with  interest.  Its  full  consideration  I  must  defer  until  the 
arrival  of  my  son,  Arnold  B.  Chace,  who  is  supposed  to  sail 
from  Europe  today,  I  am,  however,  prepared  to  say  now, 
that  if  I  live  to  see  the  doors  of  Brown  University  opened  to 
women,  on  equal  terms  with  men,  I  trust  I  shall  be  able,  as  I 
am  sure  I  shall  be  willing,  to  contribute  to  its  preparation 
for  so  desirable  an  event,  and  one  which  is  so  important  to 
the  future  welfare  of  our  State  and  its  institutions." 

Mrs.  Chace  made  up  her  mind  that  the  State  should  give 
some  official  recognition  to  herself  as  well  as  to  the  fact  that 
the  Woman  Suffrage  advocates  constituted  a  definite  political 
body. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Gov.  A.  H.  liiTTLEFiELD 

"  Osterville,  Mass.,  July  2Jfth,  1882.  The  annual  meeting, 
of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Association,  is  to  be 
held  early  in  October,  with  some  of  the  best  speakers  in  the 
country  on  its  platform.  This  Association  will,  at  that  time, 
have  existed  fourteen  years ;  and  it  has,  throughout,  sustained 
a  character  and  exerted  an  influence,  such  as,  in  the  future, 
the  people  of  the  State  will  learn  to  appreciate  and  to  be 
proud  of.  Many  of  the  improvements  in  our  State  are  largely 
due  to  the  efforts  of  this  Society.  The  [establishment  of  the] 
Board  of  Women  Visitors,  the  employment  of  matrons  in 

[166] 


Police  stations,  the  election  of  women  on  School  Committees, 
what  small  advance  we  have  made  in  equalizing  the  standard 
of  morality  between  men  and  women,  owe  their  origin  to  the 
sentiments  constantly  set  forth  in  the  appeals  from  this 
Society. 

"Some  of  the  women,  among  its  members,  have  served  the 
State  in  the  few  ways  which  arc  open  to  women.  ^lany  of 
them  contribute  financially  to  the  support  of  its  institutions, 
and  all  of  them  are  deeply  interested  in  its  welfare. 

"For  myself,  I  may  be  permitted  to  say,  that  both  my 
paternal  and  maternal  ancestors  have  been  land-holders  in 
Rhode  Island  since  the  days  of  its  earliest  Colonial  life; — 
one  of  them  having  been  the  first  President  of  the  Aquidneck 
Colony; — and,  through  all  their  succeeding  generations,  they 
have  contributed  to  the  prosperity  of  the  State  by  their 
active  participation  in  its  agricultural  and  manufacturing 
industries. 

"More  than  this;  most  of  those  of  the  early  time  came  i\s 
exiles  for  conscience'  sake  to  Rhode  Island,  and  aided  largely 
in  the  establishment  of  that  'Soul  liberty,'  for  which  our 
State  organization  has  been  so  justly  distinguished. 

"In  my  own  person,  I  have  obeyed  the  laws,  never  refusing, 
or  in  any  way  evading,  the  payment  of  the  taxes  imposed 
upon  me  by  the  State. 

"Now,  I  have  a  small  favor  to  ask  of  the  State  of  Rhode 
Island,  and  I  appeal  first  to  you,  because,  at  this  time,  you 
are  its  highest  representative,  and  I  want  to  enlist  your 
approval  to  the  granting  of  my  request. 

"I  am  very  desirous  that  this  Annual  Convention  should 
be  held  in  the  Hall  of  our  House  of  Representatives ;  and  as 
soon  as  I  can  learn  to  what  body  of  persons  a  request  of  this 
kind  should  be  submitted,  I  intend  to  make  such  application. 
Both  political  parties  hold  their  Annual  Conventions  there; 
and  it  seems  to  me  remarkably  fitting,  that  the  women  of  the 

[167] 


State  should  have  some  representation  in  the  house  they  have 
helped  to  build, — to  the  support  of  which  they  have  largely 
contributed.  Especially  should  it  be  considered  that  this 
meeting  will  occur  at  a  time  when  it  can  be  no  interruption 
to  legislative  proceedings,  and  consequently  such  occupation 
would  be  comparatively  inexpensive. 

"It  is  true  the  State  has  not  endorsed  Woman  Suffrage. 
Neither  does  it  endorse  the  principles  of  the  Democratic 
Party ;  but  it  acknowledges  the  citizenship  of  the  members  of 
that  party,  and  their  equal  right  to  such  use  of  the  property 
of  the  State. 

"Trusting  that  you  will  see  the  justice  of  compliance  with 
this  request,  and  so  give  to  it  the  weight  of  your  approval 
and  influence,  I  am,  respectfully,  your  friend  and  neighbor." 

Gov.    A.    H.    LiTTLEFIELD    TO    ]\IrS.    ChACE 

"August  Jf.th,  1S82,  Your  very  interesting  letter  of 
July  25th  came  duly  to  hand.  I  fully  agree  with  all  you  say 
in  regard  to  the  good  work  done  by  the  women  of  this  and 
other  States,  and  the  association  over  which  you  preside  with 
so  much  ability.  I  should  be  glad  to  have  you  use  the  State 
House  for  your  Annual  ^Meeting  in  October  next,  but  I  find 
in  Section  1  of  ChapterSS  of  the  Public  Statutes  the  following : 

"  'The  Senate  Chamber  and  the  Representatives'  Hall  of 
the  State  House  in  Providence  shall  not  be  used  for  any  other 
purpose  than  for  meetings  of  the  two  houses  of  the  General 
Assembly  and  of  committees  thereof.' 

"I  am  sure  you  are  in  favor  of  ^law  and  order,^  and  will 
therefore  be  obliged  to  look  for  another  place  for  your 
meeting." 

If  Mrs.  Chace  made  a  formal  application  after  Governor 
Littlefield's  letter,  it  was  refused,  and  the  annual  Convention 
over  which  she  presided,  as  usual,  was  held  this  year  in  the 
Amateur  Dramatic  Hall. 

[168] 


John  D.  Long  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Sept.  28,  1882.  I  have  already  so  fully  declared  myself 
in  favor  of  Woman  Suffrage,  that  whatever  my  opinion  is 
worth,  it  goes  for  that  cause." 

The  following  letter  relates  to  a  story  in  connection  with 
Woman's  Rights,  in  which  Mrs.  Chace  was  very  much  inter- 
ested as  it  progressed. 

Francis  Jackson  attempted  to  leave  by  will  a  considerable 
5um  to  aid  the  Woman's  Rights  movement ;  but  that  clause 
of  the  will  was  declared  null  because  it  was  decided  by  the 
■court  that  Woman's  Rights  was  not  a  charity  which  could 
receive  testamentary  bequests.  Later  Mr.  Jackson's  daugh- 
ter, Mrs.  Eliza  Frances  Eddy,  having  in  mind  this  defeat  of 
Jier  father's  desire,  asked  Wendell  Phillips  to  draw  up  her 
will,  in  which  she  wished  to  make  Woman's  Rights  practically 
her  residuary  legatee.  And,  in  order  to  do  that,  she  left  the 
residue  of  her  estate  to  Lucy  Stone  and  Susan  B.  Anthony, 
without  absolutely  defining  the  use  to  which  they  must  put 
this  property  (about  $50,000)  which  they  should  thus  re- 
■ceive.  Mr.  Phillips,  who  had  chosen  phraseology  which  would 
avoid  the  technical  point  on  which  Mr.  Jackson's  will  had  been 
disallowed,  suggested  that  these  women  could  use  the  money 
for  their  own  benefit;  Mrs.  Eddy  replied,  "Well,  let  them: 
they  have  worked  hard  and  they  deserve  a  little  comfort." 
An  effort  was  made  to  get  this  bequest  set  aside,  but  General 
Butler  defended  the  case  successfully;  and  Lucy  Stone  and 
Susan  B.  Anthony  treated  the  money  thus  received  as  a  sacred 
trust,  and  employed  it  for  the  benefit  of  Woman's  Rights. 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Nov.  4, 1882.  You  will  see,  by  the  Journal,  that  Col.  Hig- 
^inson  has  this  week  again  laid  the  blame  on  the  indifference 

[169] 


of  women.  Now  will  you  not  write  an  article  for  the  next 
Journal,  and  give  your  view  on  that  subject?  It  is  wrong 
for  him  to  ease  the  conscience  of  men  in  this  way,  and  to  lay 
the  blame  on  the  more  helpless  shoulders  of  women. 

"Col.  Higginson  has  the  greatest  esteem  for  you,  and  he 
would  feel  and  heed  your  criticism.  So  pray  do  try  to  get 
time  to  present  your  view. 

"I  had  a  pitiful  letter  from  Mrs.  Campbell  last  night.  She 
has  given  four  months  of  her  best  effort  to  Nebraska;  —  it  is 
very  hard  out  there.  I  had  promised  her  $100  and  her  ex- 
penses, and  she  meant  to  rest  this  winter.  Wendell  Phillips 
had  written  me  that  the  hitch  with  Mrs.  Eddy's  Will  had 
passed,  and  that  now  we  could  have  the  money.  On  the 
strength  of  that  I  had  promised  Mrs.  Campbell.  But  when 
I  reached  home,  the  first  thing  I  heard  was  that  the  opposition 
was  again  raised,  and  the  Will  declared  'void.'  Mr.  Phillips 
and  the  Executor  met  me,  and  said  we  could  not  get  anything 
before  July,  but  that  it  is  sure  sometime. 

"Now,  poor  Mrs.  Campbell  needs  rest,  and  she  will  have 
nothing  to  go  upon,  if  we  cannot  help  her  out.  We  spent  out 
there  [in  the  Nebraska  Woman  Suffrage  campaign]  about  a 
thousand  dollars,  and  we  expected  to  have  the  Eddy  money 
to  repay  it.  Now  that  is  absent  and  our  taxes  to  pay,  so  we 
have  nothing  to  spare,  and  I  must  provide  rest  and  comfort 
for  Mrs.  Campbell  this  winter.  Can  you  lend  me  $100,  and 
let  me  pay  you  from  the  Eddy  money  as  soon  as  we  get  it.'*" 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  3,  1882.  I  wish  I  could  help  you  bear  the  'opera- 
tion' this  week.  If  the  warmest  sympathy  and  large  love  will 
help,  you  will  have  that. 

"I  remember  our  first  acquaintance  in  anti-slavery  times, 
before  your  Mary  was  born.    Then  I  felt  that  you  were  'true 

[170] 


as  steel,'  and  I  have  never  had  reason  to  change  my  mind  since^ 
So,  you  need  never  feel  it  necessary  to  explain  anything  to  me. 
I  know  beforehand  that  it  is  all  right. 

"While  you  are  convalescing,  perhaps  you  will  'think  up*" 
the  article  I  hope  for  from  you  sometime,  to  give  Col.  Higgin- 
son  a  better  view  of  the  'indifference  of  women'  and  the  duty 
of  men.    But  in  any  case  I  am  always  truly  yours." 


[  1 '1   I 


CHAPTER   TWENTY-FOURTH 

Correspondence  Private  and  Public  ;  Mrs.  Chace's 
Addresses  to  the  Free  Religious  and  Woman  Suf- 
frage Societies  ;  Her  Appearance  before  the  Senate 
Committee  of  the  Judiciary  ;  Passage  of  the  Bill  to 
Establish  the  State  Home  and  School;  Mrs.  Chace's 
Account  of  the  Mistake  Made  in  Placing  the  Insti- 
tution in  the  Charge  of  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation; Letter  to  Royal  C.  Taft;  Memories  of 
Wendell  Phillips;  The  Use  of  the  Representatives' 
Hall  Secured  for  the  Woman  Suffragists  by  Hon. 
Edward  L.  Freeman  ;  Letters  from  Susan  B.Anthony, 
Abby  Kelley  Foster,  Lucy  Stone,  Frederick  Doug- 
lass AND  others;  Convention  in  Representatives' 
Hall;  Letter  from  Parker  Pillsbury  about  Stephen 
Foster 

Prof.  George  I.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Chace 

'^'rfliOVIDENCE,  Dec.  15,  1882.  Accept  my  thanks  for 
J^  your  ready  assistance  in  furnishing  the  boys  of  the 
Sockanosset  School  with  musical  instruments  for  a  Brass 
Band.  I  thought  you  would  approve  the  object.  The  girls 
already  have  a  good  parlor  organ,  which  some  of  them  play 
with  skill.    Their  singing  is  very  fine. 

''I  hope,  when  the  winter  is  past,  we  shall  have  the  pleasure 
of  seeing  you  at  the  school.  The  girls  are  contented  and 
Jiappy,  and  there  has  been  no  attempt  to  escape  this  year." 


[172] 


Mrs.  Ednah  D.  Cheney  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  Jan.  15th,  1883.  I  thank  you,  my  dear  friend,  for  your 
kind  words  of  comfort  and  sympathy  which  I  know  come  from 
a  heart  sorely  and  often  tried.  If  we  had  not  deep  down  in 
our  hearts  a  faith  in  the  Everlasting  good,  it  would  seem 
impossible  to  bear  what  life  brings  us.  It  is  very  hard  to  go 
on  in  life  when  its  earthly  light  and  joy  is  gone." 

Erasmus  ]\I.  Correll  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Hebron,  Neb.,  Jan.  "28th,  1883.  Your  very  kind  favor 
with  enclosed  check  for  $100  is  received.  It  is  impossible  for 
me  adequately  to  express  my  thanks.  I  beg  to  be  permitted 
to  consider  it  as  a  loan. 

"We  are  trying  to  obtain  municipal  Suffrage  in  Nebraska."^ 

The  members  of  the  National  and  the  American  Woman 
Suffrage  Associations  began  to  draw  together,  as  the  years 
passed,  changing  the  immediate  issues,  and  throwing  into  the 
background  their  original  differences. 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  Feb.  6,  1883.  I  hope  your  foot  is  so  far  well  that 
you  can  go  about.  I  have  been  shut  up  with  a  serious  cold, 
and  it  made  me  think  of  so  many  things  that  ought  to  be  cared 
for  before  we,  who  are  alive  and  know  the  facts,  pass  on.  I 
wish  therefore  you  would  write  out  your  statement  about 

,  etc.    I  want  to  write  a  paper  that  will  set  forth 

the  reason  and  the  necessity  for  forming  the  American 
Woman  Suffrage  Association,  and  to  have  you  and  others 
sign  it,  as  an  historic  paper  to  be  published  some  time. 

"But  now  can  you  not  write  an  article  for  the  Woman's 
Journal,  that  will  uphold  the  duty  of  Woman  Suffragists  not 
to  vote  for  anti-suffragists,  and  also  to  make  it  clear  that  to 

[173] 


withhold  a  right  is  a  sin.  Both  these  things  need  to  be  done, 
and  they  would  carry  more  weight  from  you  than  from  any 

•one  else.     Think  of voting  for  Bishop ! 

Now,  he  and  such  as  he  would  stop  to  think  if  you  said  what 
you  think  on  the  subject.  They  are  good  men  and  good 
•suffragists,  and  they  would  not  vote  for  a  man  like  Bishop  if 
they  could  see  the  question  from  our  point  of  view.  Do  try 
to  make  them  see." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Augustus  O.  Bourne 

"March  11,  1883.  Believing  as  I  do  that  women  are  en- 
titled equally  with  men  to  all  the  rights  of  citizenship,  and 
also,  that  the  public  welfare  would  be  very  much  promoted 
by  the  participation  of  women  in  governmental  affairs,  I  can- 
not, conscientiously,  give  my  influence  toward  the  election 
of  men  to  responsible  positions  in  the  State,  who  are  opposed 
to  the  principles,  which,  if  acted  upon,  would  give  justice  to 
the  wives,  mothers  and  daughters  of  Rhode  Island.  Under- 
standing that  you  are  a  candidate  for  the  Governorship,  I  take 
the  liberty,  in  the  most  friendly  way,  to  ask  you  to  be  so  kind 
as  to  tell  me  how  you  stand  on  this  question  which  is  coming 
more  and  more  into  prominence  in  State  matters,  and  which 
must,  ere  long,  be  settled,  in  the  only  manner  which  true 
statesmanship  can  accept  or  justify." 

William  F.  Chanxixg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence,  R.  I.,  April  23,  1883.  We  live  under  model 
institutions.  Within  a  week,  a  young,  drunken,  furious 
colored  woman  nearly  beat  an  old  white  woman  to  death,  with 
a  flat  iron,  and  was  fined  five  dollars ;  also  a  boy  for  playing 
ball  on  Gaspee  St.  on  Sunday  was  fined  the  identical  amount 
of  five  dollars.  Let  us  bear  on  the  anchor  of  Rhode  Island 
and  pronounce  the  word  'Hope!'  " 

[174] 


Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providence  Journal 
[Extract] 

"Within  the  last  fortnight,  three  girls  of  tender  age  have 
been  found  in  the  city  in  association  with  a  larger  number  of 
the  voting  sex,  under  circumstances  that  proved  them  all 
to  be  guilty  of  gross  misdemeanors.  The  girls  were  arrested 
and  locked  up,  to  be  exposed  in  open  court ;  the  young  men 
were  unmolested.  Yet  the  written  law  is  equally  severe  against 
both." 

She  had  discovered  that  the  Rhode  Island  statute  did  so 
use  the  word  "person"  and  so  omit  the  word  female,  that  it 
would  have  been  entirely  according  to  law  to  arrest  both  men 
and  women  in  such  cases  as  the  one  which  she  cited. 

The  Anniversary  meetings  of  the  Societies  which  Mrs.  Chace 
loved  drew  her  again  this  spring  to  Boston;  and  as  her 
younger  daughter  now  lived  in  West  Newton,  she  was  able  to 
combine  moral  and  family  happiness  by  visiting  her  relatives, 
and  going  from  their  home  to  attend  meetings  in  the  cit3% 
After  her  return  to  Valley  Falls,  she  wrote  a  rather  unusu- 
ally brilliant  account  of  these  meetings  for  the  Providence 
Journal,  in  which  she  took  occasion  especially  to  compliment 
Mrs.  Howe,  Mr.  Douglass  and  Colonel  Higginson. 

Her  July  letter,  this  summer,  from  Sabbatia  Cottage,  had 
Woman  Suffrage  in  England  as  its  theme. 

Mrs.  Kate  G.  Wells  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Mrs.  K.  G.  Wells  requests  the  pleasure  of  your  company 
at  a  reception  for  the  Woman's  Congress  Oct.  16th,  Sat. 
from  one  to  four  o'clock,  155  Boylston  St.  Dear  Mrs.  Chace 
do  come." 

Mrs.  Chace  gave,  this  autumn,  one  of  the  Sunday  afternoon 
discourses  before  the  Free  Religious  Society  in  Providence. 

[  175  ] 


This  effort  was  the  nearest  approach  she  ever  made  to  the 
delivery  of  a  lecture.  Her  subject  was  The  Teaching  of 
Morality  in  Schools.  She  read  a  thoughtful  address  as  Presi- 
dent of  the  Woman  Suffrage  Convention  in  October,  and 
finished  her  public  work  for  the  year  by  writing,  in  December, 
an  article  entitled,  Holiday  Gifts  and  Good  Books  for  the 
Young. 

The  writer  of  the  following  letter  was  a  charming  young 
Englishman  who  came  to  the  Homestead  with  a  letter  of 
introduction  from  Miss  May  Lewis,  afterwards  Mrs.  William 
C.  Gannett.  He  was  at  Mrs.  Chace's  one  evening  when  the 
local  Shakespeare  Club  read  Cymbeline  in  her  parlors. 

Edgar  Worthington  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Manchester,  Dec.  11, 1883.  Now  that  winter  comes  round 
again  bringing  Christmas,  I  am  forcibly  reminded  of  all  your 
kindnesses  to  me  last  winter,  when  I  was  spending  some  time 
in  Providence.  It  is  one  of  my  pleasantest  recollections  of 
America, —  the  time  which  I  spent  in  Providence,  where  I 
think  I  saw  more  of  what  was  truly  American,  than  during 
my  stay  either  in  Philadelphia  or  New  York.  For  many  of 
the  workshops  of  Providence,  and  the  men  who  made  them, 
I  have  a  great  respect,  and  in  my  little  visits  to  Valley  Falls, 
I  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  what  could  be  developed  out 
of  a  waterfall. 

"I  wonder  if  you  have  had  Irving  at  Providence  yet,  and 
whether  your  circle,  so  highly  educated  by  Shakespeare  Socie- 
ties, considers  his  acting  very  good  or  only  good.  I  feel  sure 
that  no  one  could  be  disappointed  by  his  Richard  III,  or 
Miss  Ellen  Terry's  Beatrice. 

"We  have  this  week  a  Mr.  Winch — a  tenor  singer — at  a 
concert  in  Manchester.    I  believe  he  is  a  Bostonian. 

"A  good  many  of  our  best  Englishmen  are  coming  over  to 

[  1 '6  ] 


see  you,  and  I  am  glad  you  appreciate  Lord  Coleridge.  Do 
you  see  that  Tennyson  has  been  made  a  Lord?  Is  it  not 
foolish?" 

Rev.  Anxa  Garlin  Spencer  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Florence,  Mass.,  Dec.  19th,  1883.  The  kindergarten  is 
flourishing  as  usual.  The  carriage  which  goes  about  the  vil- 
lage to  pick  up  and  carry  home  the  little  ones  passes  our  door 
brim  full  of  chattering  kinder  and  looking  like  a  nosegay  of 
flowers  on  wheels.  .  .  . 

"Our  Society  has  a  Christmas  dinner  in  the  hall,  with  a 
tree  for  the  children  and  services  to  which  they  contribute 
songs  and  recitations.  It  is  a  very  social  occasion  and  begins 
at  one  o'clock  Christmas  day,  closing  in  time  for  the  tots  to 
get  to  bed  by  six  o'clock.  We  have  the  dinner  first,  then  the 
exercises  and  distribution  of  presents  from  the  tree,  and  then 
marching  and  music  and  a  little  dancing  by  the  older  children, 
and  talk  in  quiet  corners  by  the  older  grown-ups,  and  then 
home." 

In  the  winter  of  1883-84  the  question  of  establishing  a 
State  Home  and  School  came  again  before  the  Legislature, 
and  this  time  it  was  taken  up  seriously  with  evident  intention 
to  do  something  final  about  it.  It  was  referred  to  the  Senate 
Committee  on  the  Judiciary ;  Mrs.  Chace  appeared  before 
that  Committee  and  made  her  usual  plea. 

The  Providence  Journal  published  an  editorial  about  that 
time  which  suggested  objection  to  the  passage  of  the  act  to 
establish  the  school,  on  the  ground  that  the  proposed  measure 
would  be  "an  entire  reversal  of  the  Rhode  Island  doctrine, 
that  the  town  should  support  its  own  paupers  and  school  its 
own  children." 

Mrs.  Chace  replied  in  a  communication  to  the  Journal. 
She  also  considered  what  was,  in  a  humanitarian  way,  a  more 

[  177] 


1 


serious  objection.  The  proposed  system  would  necessitate 
the  separation  of  pauper  parents  and  their  children.  Hitherto 
they  had  been  cared  for  together,  but  by  the  new  plan  the 
children  would  become  the  wards  of  the  State,  while  their 
fathers  and  mothers  would  be  either  under  the  control  of  the 
town  authorities,  or  in  other  State  institutions. 

She  wrote:  "In  regard  to  the  objection  that  the  provisions 
of  the  bill  are  such  that  the  legal  relationship  between  parent 
and  child  may  be  severed  at  once  and  forever,  it  should  be 
remembered  that  under  no  circumstances  could  this  be  done 
unless  it  was  evident  to  the  best  judgment  of  the  persons 
selected  to  control  the  case,  that  the  unfitness  of  the  parents 
and  welfare  of  the  child,  as  well  as  the  safety  of  the  State, 
made  such  separation  necessary.  And,  as  the  Board  of  Con- 
trol are  to  have  authority  to  place  the  children  in  suitable 
families,  whenever  the  circumstances  are  so  changed  that  the 
child's  own  family  has  become  suitable  this  relationship  may 
be  easily  restored.  Children  sent  to  the  Reform  School  dur- 
ing minority  arc  subject  to  such  separation;  and,  if  I  am  not 
misinformed,  this  is  often  the  case  with  children  placed  in 
private  institutions  of  charity.  Also,  I  believe  that  Overseers 
of  the  Poor  have  the  power  to  bind  children  as  apprentices, 
who  have  become  chargeable  to  the  town  as  paupers.  It  is 
therefore  ardently  to  be  hoped,  that,  in  the  consideration  and 
decision  of  this  question,  so  fraught  as  it  is  with  weal  or  woe 
to  many  human  beings,  no  unworthy  influences  will  be  per- 
mitted to  prevent  the  necessary  steps  to  be  taken  for  the 
establishment  of  a  State  Home  and  School  for  our  dependent 
children." 

The  bill  was  passed ;  of  the  manner  of  its  passage  Mrs.  Chace 
wrote  six  years  later  in  the  Telegram:  "On  the  morning  of 
the  day  when  the  vote  was  to  be  taken  in  the  Senate,  the  few 
long-tried  friends  of  the  measure  were  assured  that,  if  we 
insisted  that  a  new  board  of  management  should  be  created, 

[178] 


I 


it  would  cither  be  indefinitely  postponed,  or  be  placed  in 
the  hands  of  the  Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections. 
But,  if  we  would  consent  to  have  it  given  to  the  State  Board 
of  Education,  they  were  confident  of  the  passage  of  the 
bill.  We  had  no  objections  to  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, as  such;  but  they  were  not  elected  with  this  object 
in  view,  while  a  part  of  them  held  their  position  by  virtue  of 
their  election  to  some  office  in  the  government.  They  had  not 
so  far  taken  an  interest  in  the  matter,  and  they  were  all  men, 
and  no  way  had  yet  been  found  for  placing  women  on  that 
board.  We  knew  and  felt  strongly  that  a  motherless  institu- 
tion, for  the  care  and  training  of  children,  could  never  be 
what  we  desired ;  but,  wearied  with  the  long-continued  struggle 
and  delay,  and,  fearing  to  risk  its  fate  with  the  charities  and 
corrections,  we  reluctantly  consented.  We  made  a  mistake. 
We  would  have  done  better  to  have  advised  postponement. 
If  the  State  of  Rhode  Island  was  not  ready  to  see  that  a  home 
and  school  required  mothers  in  its  management,  she  was  not 
prepared  to  say,  'Suffer  the  dependent  children  from  all  my 
domain  to  come  unto  me,  that  I  may  train  them  to  become 
virtuous,  useful  and  intelligent  citizens.'  " 

The  first  Mrs.  Douglass  had  died  about  a  year  after  the 
visit  which  Mrs.  Chace  described  in  her  Washington  letter, 
and  Mr.  Douglass  had  recently  married  Miss  Helen  Pitts. 
He  and  she  came  together  to  New  England  this  winter, 
visited  several  of  his  old  friends,  attended  the  funeral  of 
Wendell  Phillips,  and  passed  two  quiet  days  with  Mrs.  Chace 
in  the  Homestead. 

Although  the  name  is  not  mentioned  in  the  following  letter, 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  Memorial  meeting  described 
was  for  Wendell  Phillips,  whose  death  had  occurred  on 
February  Second. 

[179] 


Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  March  1st,  I884..  We  were  all  sorry  not  to  see 
you  at  the  Memorial  service.  It  was  a  very  interesting  time. 
The  hearts  of  the  people  were  touched;  but  they  rejoiced  in 
the  heroic,  beautiful  life  that  had  gone  on.  The  white  heads 
that  were  on  the  platform  were  very  few.  There  sat  Samuel  E. 
Sewall  with  his  beautiful  face  and  snow-white  hair;  Elizur 
Wright,  Dr.  Bowditch,  Sam'l  May,  Theodore  D.  Weld ;  and 
just  a  few  years  younger,  Mrs.  Howe,  H.  B.  B.  and  I.  Dear 
old  Robert  Wallcut  wanted  to  be  there,  but  he  had  tried  to 
write  out  what  he  wanted  to  say,  and  had  not  finished  it,  and 
he  was  not  well  besides,  and  could  not  come.  Abby  Foster, 
of  course,  could  not  be  there.  You  were  away,  and  that,  I 
believe,  completes  the  little  circle  who  remain. 

"Miss  Barry  sang  beautifully.  It  was  past  ten  o'clock 
before  the  company  broke  up.  In  spite  of  the  snow,  the  hall 
was  full. 

"The  activity  of  the  Remonstrants  as  well  as  of  the 
Suffragists  is  very  encouraging.  You  will  see  in  the 
l^Woman's^  Journal  our  great  petitions.  But  for  all  that 
we  have  little  to  hope  for  from  our  legislators,  but  there  is 
more  thought  about  the  subject  than  ever.  You  must  let  the 
Journal  know  if  you  have  any  result  in  R.  I.  We  would 
credit  you  with  all  your  petitions  if  we  knew  how  many  you 
had." 

March  22nd  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Providence 
Journal  protesting  against  the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors 
in  cooking,  sa3nng:  "If  these  liquors  are  used  in  cookery  they 
must  be  procured  where  they  are  kept  for  sale,  and  thus  this 
traffic  is  supported  and  encouraged  by  all  who  purchase  them 
for  this  purpose,  and  by  all  who  partake  of  the  food  thus 
prepared.  Nor  is  this  all.  The  effect  in  the  kitchens  where 
such  articles  are  in  use  is  one  to  be  seriously  considered; 

[180] 


and  I  have  reason  to  believe  that  cooks  have  been  often  dis- 
charged for  drunkenness,  when  the  responsibility  lay  heaviest 
at  the  parlor  door." 

Once  in  a  while  the  freshets  in  the  Blackstone  River  were 
dangerous,  and  in  this  period  one  occurred  which  was  really 
terrific. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

"We  were  damaged  somewhat,  but  so  much  less  than  we 
feared,  that  we  are  all  quite  comfortable.  Arnold  was  calm 
and  heroic  through  all.  The  river  was  wonderful  to  behold, 
and  looked  dangerous;  but  that  wonderful  dam  your  father 
built  proved  impregnable. 

"We  had  our  Woman  Suffrage  hearing  today. 

"I  mean  to  write  to  Bessie.  Dear  little  girl,  I  want  her 
to  be  always  pleasant." 

Governor  Van  Zandt,  in  April,  favored  placing  the  Home 
and  School  on  the  State  Farm  in  Cranston.  Mrs.  Chace 
in  a  published  letter  dealt  with  him,  personally,  very  gently, 
saying  merely,  that  she  thought  he  could  not  have  considered 
the  matter  quite  enough  before  he  gave  his  opinion;  but  she 
sounded  yet  again  her  word  of  protest  and  warning  against 
thus  mingling  children  in  the  public  estimation  with  paupers 
and  criminals. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

"May  18,  188 Jf..  Just  for  the  fun  of  it  I  am  going  to  tell 
thee  what  I  did  yesterday  afternoon,  and  see  if  thee  will  think 
I  can  be  very  feeble. 

"I  started  at  half-past  one  for  Providence,  Mrs.  W.  accom- 
panying me.  We  stopped  first  at  the  milliner's — up  stairs. 
I  got  my  bonnet.  Then  we  went  to  the  Elizabeth  Building, 
to  talk  with  Mr.  Stockwell  about  the  State  School.    Up  stairs. 

[181] 


He  was  not  in,  but  was  expected.  I  couldn't  wait,  so  came 
doM'n  and  went  to  the  Journal  office.  While  I  looked  over  a 
file  of  papers,  I  sent  Mrs.  W.  to  do  some  errands.  After  I 
was  through  standing  at  the  counter  fifteen  minutes,  I  sat 
down  and  waited  fifteen  more  for  the  carriage.  Then  I  went 
back  to  the  Elizabeth  Building.  Up  stairs  again.  I  found 
Mr.  S.  and  stayed  half  an  hour  talking  with  him. 

"Then  I  went  to  the  Friends'  School  to  get  Augustine  Jones 
to  sign  that  petition,  which  he  did.  Talked  with  him  a  while, 
when  he  invited  me  to  go  to  the  Hall  and  see  the  bust  of 
John  Bright.  So  I  got  Mrs.  W.  and  took  her  along.  We 
went  through  the  girls'  school-room,  which  always  brings 
back  a  flood  of  old  memories,  and  makes  me  want  to  be  a 
school  girl  again.  Then  to  the  Hall  where  we  saw  the  beauti- 
ful piece  of  sculpture,  presented  by  James  [Chace].  It  has 
a  corner  railed  ofl"  and  is  surrounded  by  drapery,  and  made 
as  conspicuous  as  the  Belvedere. 

"Augustine  showed  us  the  Library  and  a  cabinet  full  of 
ancient  books,  and  a  hail-storm  came  on  which  we  had  to  wait 
through.  So  we  strolled  about,  visiting  the  boys'  great 
school  room. 

"When  the  shower  was  over,  we  left,  and  went  to  the  Ken- 
yons',  for  Susan  to  sign  the  petition,  and  we  encountered 
another  hail-storm  on  the  way;  I,  looking  over,  as  I  always 
do  into 

'That  silent,  solemn,  sacred  spot' 

where  I  seldom  feel  inclined  to  enter.  [Swan  Point  Cemetery, 
where  her  husband  and  seven  of  her  children  were  buried.] 

"We  came  home  to  supper,  I,  really,  not  feeling  much 
fatigued.  Lillie  came  to  see  that  we  were  back  all  right,  and 
wondered  that  I  could  do  so  much.  I  rather  wonder  myself. 
Before  I  went,  I  had  seen  to  a  good  deal  of  gardening,  and 
had  a  long  call  from  a  friend,  and  had  engaged  Elizabeth  Fitts, 
who  came  to  see  me,  to  teach  the  children  next  Fall;  by  a 

[182] 


kindergarten  in  the  forenoon,  and  a  primary  school  in  the 
afternoon.  It  is  to  be  at  the  expense  of  the  District,  only  I 
engage  to  furnish  the  materftil ;  and  if  there  is  room  for  any 
children  under  five  years,  I  am  to  pay  the  District  for  them.'* 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Hox.  Royal  C.  Taft 

"  Valley  Falls,  5th  mo.,  19th,  188i.  Will  you  do  me  the 
favor  to  tell  me  why  the  Committee  on  Constitutional  Changes 
reported  as  they  did  on  the  Woman  Suffrage  Memorial, 
'without  recommendation'.'' 

"We  had  been  assured  that  some  of  the  Committee  were 
in  favor  of  Woman  Suffrage.  Why  did  not  they  make  a  re- 
port in  accordance  with  such  sentiment.''  And,  if  the  rest 
were  opposed,  why  did  they  not  so  report.'' 

"It  looks  as  if  they  all  considered  it  a  matter  of  no  impor- 
tance, and  the  petitioners  as  persons  to  whom  no  considera- 
tion was  due.  While  to  male  foreigners  of  all  nationalities 
and  of  all  degrees  of  ignorance  or  intelligence,  they  propose 
to  give  the  suffrage  on  the  same  terms  as  to  native-born 
Americans. 

"I  cannot  comprehend  it.  It  seems  to  me  that  some  action 
was  due  to  our  Memorial.  If  we  arc  wrong,  we  should  be  told 
so.  If  we  are  right,  surely  Rhode  Island  men  should  be  ready 
to  say  so.  Some  answer  should  be  given  us.  Please  tell  me 
why  we  were  so  treated." 

During  Anniversary  Week,  Mrs.  Chace  attended  the 
Woman  Suffrage  and  the  Free  Religious  Meetings  in  Boston, 
of  which  she  wrote  an  enthusiastic  letter  to  the  Providence 
Journal,  telling  exactly  how  she  felt  about  everything.  She 
closed  the  letter  with  one  of  those  exquisitely  sincere,  but 
personal,  paragraphs  which  seem  to  me  to  give  to  her  writings 
their  most  distinctive  note  and  the  one  which  prevents  them 
from  being  mere  argumentative  and  ethical  compositions : 

[183] 


"Boston  Common  was  in  all  the  pride  of  its  early  summer 
garb  of  greenness,  the  Public  Gardens  were  beautiful  beyond 
compare ;  there  were  cordial  greetings  with  friends,  there  was 
good  to  bring  home  to  Rhode  Island,  and  there  was  the  sight 
of  the  grave  just  within  the  gate  of  the  cemetery,  covered 
with  pansies  and  daisies,  where  I'est  the  mortal  remains  of  the 
man  who,  more  than  any  other,  has  left  the  impress  of  his 
grand,  unselfish,  noble  life  upon  a  nation  which  will  in  time 
learn  to  heed  its  lessons.  All  through  these  many  years  a 
hearty  handshake,  a  kind  and  sympathetic  word,  a  letter  now 
and  then  from  Wendell  Phillips  have  given  assurance  of 
personal  friendship,  which  must  ever  remain  a  priceless  jewel 
in  all  my  memory  of  the  past." 

Hon.  Edward  L.  Freeman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Central  Falls,  R.  L,  June  11th,  1884.  The  slight  service 
I  was  able  to  render  your  Association  in  introducing  and 
advocating  a  resolution  permitting  the  use  of  the  Representa- 
tives Hall  in  the  State  House  by  the  Woman  SuflPrage  Asso- 
ciation of  R.  I.  is  unworthy  of  the  very  commendatory  letter 
which  you  have  been  pleased  to  address  to  me.  I  believed  that 
what  you  and  your  fellow  petitioners  asked  for  was  just  and 
right,  and  I  was  also  glad  of  an  opportunity  to  oblige  one  for 
whose  personal  character  and  virtues  no  less  than  her  public 
deeds,  I  have  a  respect  amounting  almost  to  reverence,  though 
we  may  conscientiously  differ  on  some  questions." 

On  August  13th  Mrs.  Chace  sent  from  Sabbatia  Cottage 
to  a  Providence  paper  an  article  called  Save  the  Children,  in 
which  she  advocated  the  adoption  of  the  Kindergarten  into 
the  public  school  system  of  Providence;  and  expressed  sym- 
pathy with  an  association  in  the  city  which  had  been  organ- 
ized to  bring  about  that  result.  As  yet  no  location  had  been 
found  by  the  Board  of  Education  for  the  Home  and  School, 

[184] 


and  in  this  article  she  also  urged  that  there  should  be  no  more 
delay  than  was  inevitable,  saying  that  a  place  should  be  found 
before  the  coming  winter. 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"August  30th,  188^.  We  have  the  files  of  the  Woman's 
Journal,  so  get  from  them  the  bare  facts  of  conventions,  etc. ; 
— but  what  we  would  very  much  like  is  a  nice  letter  from  you ; 
that  can  go  in  just  as  you  write — sort  of  gossipy-like,  giving 
the  spirit  and  purpose  of  the  work, — and  little  recollections 
of  the  persons  and  incidents.  Your  little  testimonial  relative 
to  Mrs.  Davis  in  her  early  work  is  very  good  indeed.  If  you 
could  give  us  a  letter  of  reminiscences, — ever  so  brief, — and 
Mr.  Hinckley  [Frederic  A.]  give  one,  with  what  we  can  gather 
of  Conventions  and  Hearings,  etc.,  we  should  have  a  spicy 
Chapter  of  Rhode  Island. 

"Don't  be  afraid  of  saying  /.  Our  women  need  not  be 
ashamed  of  saying  or  writing,  '/  did,' — for  each  one  knows 
but  very  little  beyond  what  she  herself  did ! 

"If  you  see  my  very  dear  friend  Ellen  Wright  Garrison, 
give  her  my  best  love,  and  tell  William  [L.  Garrison]  I  have 
just  been  reading  and  enjoying  the  little  beginnings  of  his 
Father's  Biography  in  Scribner's  Monthly." 

Mrs.  Abby  Kelley  Foster  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Sept.  2 If.,  1884-  It  docs  me  so  much  good  to  see  others 
still  at  work  as  dear  Wendell  Phillips  was,  so  long  as  they  can 
work,  unless,  like  my  own  Stephen,  they  overdo,  and  bring  on 
themselves  unspeakable  suffering. 

"  So  you  are  to  have  the  privilege  of  speaking,  at  your  next 
Suffrage  Anniversary,  in  a  house  in  Providence,  called  the 
State  House!    Whose  house  is  it.'"' 


[185] 


The  writer  goes  on  to  censure  Colonel  Higginson,  and 
although  she  docs  not  expressly  say  so,  her  allusions  make 
it  evident  to  the  instructed  student  of  that  epoch,  that  she 
condemns  him  for  supporting  Grover Cleveland  as  Presidential 
candidate.  She  expresses  surprise  that  the  Woman's  Jour- 
nal should  "allow  such  a  course  in  an  authorized  editor"; 
and  a  phrase  in  her  letter  indicates  her  surprise  and  con- 
demnation to  be  caused  not  merely  by  the  fact  that  Cleveland 
was  the  Democratic  nominee,  but  because  of  his  personal 
character. 

Mrs.  Chace  attended  Whittier  Day  at  the  Friends'  School 
in  October,  1884. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  the  Providexce  Journal 

"As  I  sat,  on  Friday  of  last  week,  in  the  pleasant,  ample 
dining-room,  where  the  girls  and  the  boys  were  seated  at  the 
opposite  sides  of  the  same  tables,  conversing  properly  and 
quietly  together  and  learning  by  this  natural  arrangement, 
the  gentle  courtesies  and  proprieties  of  a  well-ordered  social 
life;  how  well  I  remembered  the  unnatural  restraints  and 
limitations  and  prohibitions  of  that  early  time  which  were 
often  themselves  the  temptation  to  their  own  violation. 

"In  those  days  we  had  school  before  breakfast  and  after 
supper,  besides  the  forenoon  and  afternoon  sessions,  and  if 
we  did  not  become  profound  scholars,  it  was  not  for  lack 
of  sufficient  time  devoted  to  study.  For  gymnastics,  the  girls 
had  the  sweeping,  the  chamber  work,  the  bringing  of  wood 
from  the  cellar  and  making  the  fires,  with  the  occasional  varia- 
tion of  making  the  boys'  beds  on  busy  days ;  and  this  last,  in 
our  narrow  circle  of  amusements,  was  considered  a  privilege. 
We  had  no  vacations,  no  holidays ;  there  were  no  pictures  on 
the  walls,  no  sculptures,  no  celebrations ;  we  were  allowed 
no  curling  of  the  hair,  no  laces,  ruffles,  or  bright  colors  upon 
our  garments,  no  jewelry;  our  bonnets  were  largely  of  wire 

r  186  1 


and  pasteboard ;  and,  as  for  music  and  singing,  why,  it  almost 
takes  my  breath  awa}'^  to  hear  it  now  within  those  walls  !  And 
yet  it  was  a  good  school,  where  the  teachers  performed  their 
duties  conscientiously ;  the  learning  was  thorough  and  solid ; 
and  the  limitations  and  restraints,  that  now  are  outgrown, 
were  only  in  excess  of  what,  as  'Friends'  children,'  we  were  ac- 
customed to  at  home.  I  do  not  think  as  a  rule  they  were 
considered  oppressive,  and  they  certainly  were  not  entirely 
without  some  good  results.  At  any  rate,  I  remember  well 
that  I  left  the  dear  'Stution,'  as  we  used  to  call  it,  with  much 
sorrow  that  my  school  days  were  over;  and  good  reason  have 
I  had  since,  and  still  have,  to  regret  that  they  could  not 
have  been  prolonged;  and  at  this  day  I  visit  the  place  with. 
a  heart  full  of  reverence  and  love." 

Edw^ard  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Care  of  D.  L.  Moody, 

Northfield,  Mass.,  25  Oct.,  188^. 

"I  wonder  if  you  will  remember  me  all  these  ten  years  f 
I  feel  pretty  sure  you  will,  so  I  write  to  say  I  am  in  the  States 
for  two  or  three  months,  and  I  wonder  if  there  is  any  hope 
of  seeing  you  and  your  daughters.  I  think  you  know  my 
sister  Margaret  is  married,  very  happily  and  with  two  babies. 
I  have  had  ten  such  happy  years,  since  we  met.  I  wonder  if 
you  have  more  grand-children  than  that  splendid  baby  whose 
photograph  I  have. 

''I  am  painting  away  and  having  a  delightful  time.  Do 
send  me  a  few  lines  to  this  address." 

Soon  after  writing  this  letter  Mr.  Clifford  came  to  visit 
Mrs.  Chace  and  the  Wymans  in  Valley  Falls.  He  played 
and  sang  to  them.  He  rode  horseback,  he  walked  with 
Mrs.  Wyman  and  talked  of  his  Evangelical  Episcopalian 
religion.    He  showed  photographs  of  his  paintings,  mostly 

[187  1 


portraits  of  members  of  the  English  nobility  and  the  Royal 
family.  He  sketched  a  little  in  Mrs.  Chace's  rooms ;  and 
from  that  time  on  he  always  visited  her  when  in  this  country. 
He  came  to  see  her  when  on  his  way  to  the  Sandwich  Islands 
to  carry  to  Father  Damlen  a  remedy  for  leprosy  which  he 
had  brought  for  that  purpose  from  India,  and  he  visited  her 
on  his  journey  back  from  that  heroic  embassy.  Mr.  Clifford 
■was  about  the  age  of  Mrs.  Chace's  son  Arnold. 

Alfred  M.  Williams  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Providence  Daily  Journal,  Nov.  1,  188 Jf..  In  reply  to 
your  kind  and  friendly  letter  I  have  to  say  that  the  columns 
of  the  Journal  will  be  open  to  your  communications  on  social 
and  reformatory  questions  as  heretofore  under  the  conditions 
of  its  limitations  of  space.  Finally  I  do  not  consider  that 
I  can  draw  the  line  in  a  w^tej^paper  against  the  accounts  of 
boxing  matches,  which  I  do  not  consider  demoralizing  in  the 
form  in  which  they  are  published  in  the  Journal." 

I  have  no  recollection  that  any  article  of  Mrs.  Chace's  was 
ever  refused  publication  in  the  Providence  Journal.  That 
•paper  was  often  editorially  scornful  of  such  opinions  as  she 
held,  but,  during  all  the  nearly  thirty  years  of  which  I  have 
memory,  it  certainly  treated  her  personally,  and  treated  all 
direct  expression  and  noticed  action  of  hers,  with  respect, 
which,  as  the  seasons  passed,  deepened  into  a  deference  that 
finally  grew  to  be  even  reverential. 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  Nov.  9,  1884'  We  have  settled  all  our  plans 
to  be  back  in  time  for  j'our  meeting.  We  saw  the  need  our 
Western  friends  had  of  help,  and  we  wanted  to  help  them. 
At  the  same  time  /  could  not  bear  to  leave  all  the  care  here 

[188] 


I 


KDVVARI)     (1,11  lORI) 


1 


to  our  overworked  daughter,  and  was,  on  the  whole,  glad  to 
feel  it  right  and  best  to  come  back. 

"I  feel  the  critical  condition  of  your  health,  but  I  rejoice 
in  the  calm  look  forward — 'As  one  who  wraps  the  drapery  of 
his  couch  about  him,  and  lies  down  to  pleasant  dreams.'  So 
it  is  to  you,  but  I  hope  you  may  be  spared  to  see  women  vote. 

"I  wish  you  and  Lillie  would  consider,  and  let  me  know 
your  opinion,  whether  the  meeting  at  Chicago  should  have  a 
resolution  against  Mr.  Cleveland  as  president. 

"I  felt  utterly  sick  yesterday  when  it  seemed  sure  that  he 
was  elected." 

Frederick  Douglass  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"Cedar  Hill,  Anacosta,  D.  C,  Nov.  IJ/.,  188 Jf.  I  give  yoir 
hearty  thanks  for  your  cordial  invitation.  I  see  nothing  now 
to  prevent  my  attending  your  Mother's  proposed  Suffrage 
Convention,  Third  December.  I. shall  like  to  be  there,  if  only 
to  count  one  in  the  Suffrage  army.  I  am  more  than  pleased 
with  hope  of  seeing  your  honored  Mother's  face  and  hearing 
her  voice  again.  It  was  only  this  morning,  before  I  received 
your  letter,  I  was  thinking  of  the  pleasant  birthday  and 
especially  of  Mr.  Wyman's  part  in  it. 

"Of  course,  if  I  come,  as  I  now  think  I  shall,  I  will  bring 
Helen  with  me,  for  she  is  not  less  a  Woman  Suffragist  than 
myself." 

Mrs.  Margaret  Lucas  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"London,  11th  mo.,  16th,  188 Jf.  I  am  exceedingly  pleased 
to  receive  thy  letter  containing  the  intelligence  that  the  Hall 
of  Representatives,  in  the  State  House  of  the  city  of  Provi- 
dence, has  been  granted  for  the  coming  Convention  of  Woman 
Suffrage.  It  is  indeed  a  triumph  to  have  obtained  the  unani- 
mous vote  of  both  Houses,  granting  this  favor.     I  wish  it 

[189] 


"Were  possible  for  me  to  be  with  you  on  the  3rd  and  4th.  Thy 
message  has  been  sent  to  my  brother  Jacob  Bright  and  I  hope 
Jie  will  be  able  to  send  you  a  line." 

Hon.  R.  G.  Hazard  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Peacedale,  11th  mo.,  17th,  188 4.  I  think  your  sex  and  our 
whole  country  have  cause  for  congratulation  and  encourage- 
ment in  the  circumstances  developed  in  the  recent  Presidential 
contest.  For  the  first  time,  from  both  parties  [word  illegible] 
respectable  in  number,  and  notably  so  in  character  have  risen 
up  and  asserted,  in  words  and  action,  that  they  will  no  longer 
be  bound  by  mere  party  ties,  and  if  party  leaders  do  not 
nominate  good,  reliable  candidates,  they  will  not  vote  for 
them.  This,  I  think,  marks  a  progress  in  our  political 
morality  far  more  important  than  the  temporary  success  of 
either  aspirant  for  the  highest  official  position.  It  has  seemed 
io  me  obvious,  through  the  whole  of  the  fierce  struggle,  that 
Woman  was  exerting  far  more  influence  upon  it  than  in  any 
previous,  similar  contest, — and  this  in  the  direction  in  which 
we  would  naturally  expect  it, — insisting  on  purity  of  char- 
acter. The  parties  being  so  nearly  equal,  I  think  there  is 
little  doubt  that  had  either  of  the  two  prominent  candidates 
been,  in  this  regard,  free  from  unfavorable  criticism  her 
[woman's]  influence  alone  would  have  been  sufficient  to  turn 
the  scale  in  his  favor." 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Indianapolis,  Nov.  22nd,  1884-.  Yours  of  the  8th  inst. 
received,  with  a  line  from  Mrs.  Stanton  promising  to  write 
a  letter  to  your  Convention, — but  I  hope,  to  make  it  sure, 
you  will  send  her  another  and  strong  appeal,  before  the  date 
of  your  meeting.  She  ought  to  do  it,  and  I  am  sure  she  will, 
if  you  keep  importuning  her. 

[190] 


"I  shall  take  the  night  express  after  my  lecture  (in  New 
Jersey)  Dec.  3rd,  and  reach  you  about  ten  o'clock,  the  morn- 
ing of  the  4th. 

"Now,  to  help  me  to  frame  my  talk  for  you,  will  you  please 
tell  me  exactly  what  you  are  asking  of  your  Legislature  this 
jear. 

"I  am  glad  I  can  be  with  you  of  R.  I.  and  Providence,  once 
more,  and  I  should  dearly  love  to  see  you  in  your  own  home, — 
a  privilege  I  have  never  yet  enjoyed,  but  my  time  will  be  so 
short  that  I  hardly  hope  for  that  pleasure  this  time." 

The  Annual  Convention  of  the  Woman  Suffrage  Associa- 
tion was  held  in  Representatives  Hall  of  the  State  House. 
A  Providence  paper  said,  "The  President,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  B. 
"Chace,  presided  over  the  exercises  with  grace  and  dignity, 
the  desk  being  beautifully  decorated  with  clusters  of  flowers 
and  trailing  smilax."  She  made  the  opening  address  on  this 
triumphal  occasion,  beginning  thus : 

"Friends,  I  bid  you  welcome  this  morning  to  this  house. 
We  are  come  here  hoping  to  leave  behind  us  an  inspiration 
that  shall  affect  for  good  whatever  may  be  done  hereafter 
within  these  walls,  concerning  the  interests,  the  rights  and  the 
•duties  of  the  women  of  our  State." 

The  attendance  was  so  large  that  there  was  an  overflow 
meeting,  and  the  speakers  at  the  two  meetings  were,  the 
President  Mrs.  Chace,  and  Mrs.  Stone,  Rev.  C.  W.  Wendte, 
Miss  Susan  B.  Anthony,  Hon.  Abraham  Payne,  Mrs.  Heind- 
man,  William  I.  Bowditch,  Esq.,  John  C,  Wyman,  Rev. 
P.  A.  Hinckley,  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  Jr.,  Miss  Mary  F. 
Eastman,  and  Frederick  Douglass. 

About  this  time  Parker  Pillsbury  republished  Stephen 
Foster's  book.  The  American  Church  a  Brotherhood  of 
Thieves. 

[191] 


Parker  Pillsbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Concord,  N.  H.,  Dec.  24,  1884.  A  thousand  thanks  for 
your  pleasant  little  note  and  its  accompaniments.  I  wish  we 
had  a  newspaper  worthy  or  even  willing  to  copy  your  Whittier 
article,  here  in  Concord. 

"I  trust  you  have  made,  or  will  make  our  friend  Whittier's 
Christmas  a  little  more  'merry'  by  sending  him  a  copy.  I  am 
glad  you  are  pleased  with  the  reproduction  of  our  peerless 
friend  Foster's  'Brotherhood  of  Thieves.'  The  reading  seems 
to  have  affected  you  much  as  it  did  me.  I  have  heard  him 
read  those  terrible,  arraigning  passages  so  many  times  in  our 
meetings,  that  I  found  on  reading  the  book  that  I  had  learned 
many  of  them  by  heart.  And  even  in  correcting  the  proof, 
I  was  almost  as  grave  and  solemn  as  he  used  to  make  me,  many 
years  ago. 

"It  seems  to  me  it  was  a  happy  thought,  the  reproduction 
of  the  work.  It  came  from  one  of  our  old  Anti-Slavery  friends 
in  Michigan.  He  wrote  me  that  he  would  pay  twenty-five 
dollars  for  his  part,  to  have  it  done. 

"I  mentioned  the  matter,  and  soon  had  enough  secured  to 
venture  on  the  enterprise.  I  have  already  the  money  back 
the  work  cost  me,  and  quite  a  pile  of  the  Tracts  still  on  my 
hands.  I  send  most  of  them,  of  course,  gratuitously.  But 
the  'Brotherhood'  themselves  would  never  see  the  book  unless^ 
brought  to  their  very  doors.  Mr.  May  paid  five  dollars  and 
had  twenty-five  copies  of  the  work. 

"If  you  think  of  any  who  would  be  likely  to  make  good  use 
of  copies  I  will  send  them  if  you  will  give  me  addresses." 


I 


[  192  1 


I 


CHAPTER   TWENTY-FIFTH 

WiANxo  Summers 

X  the  summer  of  18TT  Mrs.  Chace  went  for  the  first  time 
to  the  Cotochecsct  House,  in  that  part  of  Cape  Cod  known 
then  as  Osterville — but  now,  separated  from  the  old  fishing 
village,  not  only  by  the  original  mile  of  distance,  but  by  the 
new  habit  of  life  of  the  summer  colony,  known  as  Wianno. 

This  visit  was  made  through  the  recommendation  of  James 
and  Harriet  Tolman,  who  were  there  for  a  part  of  the  time; 
but  Lillie  became  seriously  ill,  so  that  the  visit  was  shortened 
and  the  family  returned  to  Valley  Falls. 

The  next  summer  Mrs.  Chace  and  her  daughters  came  again 
to  the  Cotocheeset,  having  with  them  Mary  Pratt,  who  after- 
wards became  Mrs.  Frank  J.  Garrison. 

In  the  spring  of  1880  Mrs.  Chace  built  for  herself  a  cottage 
near  the  hotel,  which  she  called  Sabbatia  Cottage,  from  the 
pink  blossoms  then  growing  abundantly  by  a  pond  in  that 
region  for  which  she  felt  an  almost  passionate  love. 

Sabbatia  Cottage  stood  only  a  few  yards  from  the  edge  of 
the  bluff  which  made  the  inland  border  of  the  long,  sandy 
Wianno  beach.  There  were  small  pine  trees  around  the 
cottage,  even  between  it  and  the  ocean.  It  had  spacious 
verandas  to  which  wide,  low  staircases  ascended  from  the 
ground.  Mrs.  Chace  made  no  attempt  to  convert  her  land 
into  lawns.  She  delighted  in  its  natural  and  uneven  surfaces 
and  in  its  growth  of  herbage.  Bayberry  bushes  and  mush- 
rooms grew  at  will,  wild  roses  and  Queen  Anne's  lace,  golden 
rod  and  everlasting  blossomed  in  the  small  field  and  wooded 
space  that  constituted  her  seaside  domain. 

[193] 


Her  pleasure  was  both  childlike  and  intense  in  the  gold  and 
silver  and  pink  tinted  shells  that  strewed  the  beaches.  She 
collected  thousands  of  them,  and  carried  them  back  with  her 
to  the  Homestead,  where  they  filled  shelves,  drawers  and  boxes. 
She  found  great  pleasure  also  in  the  wild  flora  of  the  region, 
and  liked  to  have  the  younger  members  of  the  household  keep 
the  cottage  full  of  flowers. 

She  always  had  her  own  carriage  at  Wianno,  several  times 
driving  between  Valley  Falls  and  Cape  Cod.  She  spent  two 
days  on  each  of  these  trips,  stopping  over  night  either  at 
New  Bedford  or  Wareham,  and  calling,  for  an  hour  or  two, 
on  her  relatives  in  Fall  River.  And  thus  it  was,  I  think,  that 
she  made  her  last  visits  to  the  scene  of  her  early  married  life. 

Notwithstanding  her  great  happiness  at  Wianno,  she 
generally  abbreviated  the  season  there  by  going  back  to 
Valley  Falls  a  few  days  or  weeks  earlier  in  the  Autumn  than 
the  others  in  the  Cottage  wanted  her  to  go.  She  went  because 
it  was  time,  she  said,  for  her  to  attend  to  the  fruit  harvest 
in  the  Homestead  gardens,  and  also  because  she  must  begin 
the  season's  W^oman  Suffrage  work  in  Rhode  Island. 

She  never  transferred  from  Rhode  Island  to  Massachu- 
setts any  of  the  only  feeling  she  had  which  was  exactly  like 
patriotism.  Her  main  interest  at  W^ianno  was  in  the  summer 
colonists,  who  were  alien  sojourners  like  herself;  but  she 
visited  the  Barnstable  jail,  learned  about  its  management, 
the  character  of  its  keepers  and  its  few  prisoners ;  and  she 
made  some  investigation  into  local  methods  for  relieving  the 
poor.  She  approved  of  the  neighborly  spirit  in  which  such 
relief  was  administered. 

She  established  a  friendly  acquaintance  with  the  old  Abo- 
litionists, Mr.  and  Mrs.  Russell  Marston,  of  Centreville,  but 
formed  very  little  other  social  relation  with  native  or  perma- 
nent Cape  Codders.  The  society  at  Wianno  was  sufficient  for 
her.    Perhaps  for  the  first  time  in  her  whole  experience,  since 

[  194  ] 


her  early  youth  at  Smithfield,  she  felt  neither  lack  nor  antag- 
onism in  her  daily  environment. 

She  enjoyed  sea-bathing  and  continued  to  take  baths  in 
the  ocean  long  after  she  was  eighty  years  old,  but  gradually 
she  ceased,  not  feeling  able  to  walk  down  and  up  the  staircase 
leading  from  the  top  of  the  bluff  to  the  beach.  She  walked 
about  Wianno  with  ordinary  ease  for  some  years,  but  after 
an  injury  to  her  foot  when  she  was  seventy-seven,  she  almost 
never  stepped  off  her  porches  either  at  the  Homestead  or  at 
Sabbatia  Cottage,  except  to  enter  her  carriage,  or  to  be  care- 
fully assisted  in  a  very  short  walk.  But  she  constantly  took 
long  drives  and  apparently  without  fatigue.  Her  summer 
habit  was  to  pass  two  or  three  afternoon  hours  reclining  in 
her  own  room,  while  all  the  adjoining  portions  of  the  house 
were  kept  as  solemnly  silent  as  possible,  for  the  least  noise 
at  that  time  distressed  her.  Yet,  whenever  she  pleased,  she 
would  vary  the  programme  by  going  in  those  very  hours  on  a 
drive  of  a  dozen  or  twenty  miles,  whence  she  would  return 
as  fresh  and  ready  for  the  evening  occupations  as  though  she 
had  taken  her  usual  siesta. 

The  Sabbatia  Cottage  household  was  composite.  The 
Arnold  Chace  tribe  were  sometimes  there  in  whole  or  part, 
the  Tolmans,  invariably,  and  the  Wymans,  the  larger  portion 
of  the  time. 

Mrs.  Chace  always  had  special  attendance,  either  from  a 
waiting  maid  or  a  lady  companion.  In  the  later  years  she 
was  provided  with  an  attendant  who  slept  in  a  little  room 
opening  out  of  her  own  chamber.  She  had  not  much  desire 
to  do  for  herself,  merely  for  the  sake  of  exertion,  what  could 
be  done  for  her  by  another. 

The  household  was  financially  cooperative.  After  the  first 
year  or  two,  one  of  Mrs.  Chace's  daughters,  and  generally 
INIrs.  Tolman,  was  the  housekeeper  and  ordered  the  meals, 
but  Mrs.  Chace  was  the  supreme  social  ruler.    Guests  were 

[195] 


invited  or  not  invited,  parties  given  or  not  given,  and  enter- 
tainment was  furnished  or  avoided  according  to  her  desire. 
As  the  Wianno  colony  increased  in  number  and  variety  of 
human  representation,  there  arose,  properly,  some  question 
in  the  minds  of  the  older  residents  as  to  how  far  and  in  what 
manner  it  was  wise  to  modify  the  primitive  simplicity  of  life 
in  the  place.  Should  formal  afternoon  teas  be  given?  Should 
refreshments  be  oifered  in  the  evening;  should  elaborate 
supper  parties  be  countenanced,  or  strenuous  effort  be  made 
to  confine  entertainment  to  conversation  and  the  playing  of 
games.''  Should  servants  be  kept  in  attendance  on  the  front 
door  in  hours,  when  if  excused  from  that  duty  they  might  be 
enjoying  a  little  summer  leisure.''  Wianno  custom  was  indul- 
gent to  servants  in  such  way,  and  Mrs.  Chace's  domestic 
assistants  were  never  compelled  to  sit  or  stand  around  un- 
necessarily. Day  and  evening  visitors  at  Sabbatia  Cottage 
simply  walked  into  the  open  front  door,  stayed  if  they  found 
members  of  the  family  and  went  away  if  they  did  not. 

Mrs.  Chace's  influence  was  given  mainly  on  the  side  of  sim- 
plicity of  manner  and  in  favor  of  intellectual  and  merry  talk 
or  game-playing  rather  than  of  eating  recreation. 

The  habit  arose  of  giving  small  prizes  in  connection  with 
some  amusements.  She  permitted  one  or  two  such  gay 
present-making  occasions  in  her  cottage,  and  then  came  to 
the  opinion  that  there  was  a  gambling  clement  in  "playing 
for  prizes,"  and  no  more  of  it  was  tolerated  under  her  roof. 

She  sometimes  sat  in  the  cottage  hall,  or  on  its  porch,  and 
shelled  peas,  and  if  Captain  Wyman  was  there,  he  invariably 
helped,  but  her  principal  manual  occupation  was  knitting. 
I  seem  to  remember  her  as  always  knitting  in  her  chair  by  the 
great  fireplace  in  the  hall,  or  by  the  sitting-room  table;  and 
often  as  she  sat  thus.  Captain  Wyman  read  aloud.  He  was 
the  most  beautiful  unprofessional  reader  I  ever  heard. 

She  thoroughly   enjoyed  the   social  life   at   Wianno   and 

[196] 


developed  in  it  a  more  gracious  habit  and  power  than  she 
had  ever  shown  before.  It  was  amazing  to  us,  who  had  known 
her  elsewhere,  to  see  this  development  at  her  advanced  age. 
It  suggested  a  rather  pathetic  thought  of  what  she  might 
have  been,  and  might  have  enjoyed,  had  her  youth  and  middle 
life  been  passed  in  the  genial  atmosphere  of  cordial  relations 
with  literary,  artistic  and  socially  trained  people,  who  were 
also  morally  in  sympathy  with  her  more  serious  opinion  and 
purpose.  But  just  that  atmosphere  was  never  very  present 
in  her  ordinary  life  till  she  was  nearly  seventy  years  old. 

Of  course  she  remained  autocratic  even  in  these  years  of 
greater  grace. 

She  still  enjoyed  parlor  games,  and  had  evenings  at  home, 
to  which  any  of  the  colonists  might  come  to  play  such  games. 

Once  I  proposed  a  variation  in  the  routine,  saying,  "Let 
the  children,  and  whoever  else  would  like  to,  play  little  games 
in  the  hall,  while  the  rest  play  one  game  in  the  sitting  room." 

"No,"  she  said  decisively,  "it  is  better  for  us  all  to  be 
together." 

I  was  inwardly  persuaded  that  my  method  would  produce 
more  general  pleasure,  on  the  proposed  evening,  but  her  tone 
was  that  of  the  absolute  Monarch,  and  moreover  that  of  one 
whose  "better"  referred  to  some  ethic.  Submission  was  for 
me  the  better  part. 

.  Her  satisfaction  was  perfect  in  any  entertainment  which 
made  an  audience  of  one  part  of  the  company  and  a  troupe 
of  reciters,  minstrels  or  actors  of  the  other.  Sabbatia Cottage 
had  been  architecturally  designed  to  afford  facility  for  such 
performance.  The  hall  with  its  staircase  made  an  excellent 
stage,  to  which  the  sitting  room  was  auditorium,  there  being 
wide  opening  from  the  one  into  the  other.  This  was  the  most 
effective  way  to  use  the  ground  floor  of  the  cottage  for  dra- 
matic purposes,  but   for  lectures  and  concerts,  the  longer 

[  197] 


sweep  of  sitting  room  and  dining  room  gave  ampler  accom- 
modation to  the  audience. 

Numberless  hours  in  Sabbatia  Cottage  were  devoted  to 
amateur  theatricals.  Mrs,  Chace  was  very  fond  of  charades. 
She  never  took  any  acting  part  herself,  but  she  selected  the 
words  and  helped  plan  most  of  the  scenes  enacted. 

Very  seldom  did  Mrs.  Chace  attempt  any  management  of 
her  grandchildren  beyond  the  ordinary  household  regulations, 
and  she  was  extremely  tolerant  of  their  small  preferences. 
To  her  son  Arnold,  she  once  said:  "Ward"  (then  five  or  six 
years  old)  "always  keeps  his  hat  on  in  the  house.  We  like 
to  have  him  do  so ;  we  like  everything  he  does." 

Once,  however,  when  she  undertook  to  have  some  chips 
picked  up  and  stored  away,  a  basketful  at  a  time,  by  her 
little  grandsons,  some  one  at  a  window  overheard  Arthur 
Wyman  and  Richard  Tolman  grumbling  at  their  tiny  task. 

"Gra'ma  Chace  ought  not  to  make  us  work,"  said  Arthur 
Wyman,  "she  don't  seem  to  understand  what  we  come  down 
here  for, —  we  come  down  here  to  have  a  rest." 

"It's  mean  in  her,"  said  Richard  sagely.  "She  don't  work 
herself;  she  just  sits  an'  knits." 

Mrs.  Chace  was  benignly  amused  when  these  remarks  were 
reported  to  her. 

When  the  boy  Malcolm  played  lawless  tricks  at  the  dining 
table,  she  remembered  only  similar  action  on  the  part  of  her 
son  Ned,  and  laughed  happily  saying:  "It  almost  makes  me 
believe  in  the  transmigration  of  souls  to  see  Malcolm.  I  feel 
as  if  he  was  'Eddie'  come  back." 

She  actually  exulted  in  Malcolm's  triumphs  as  a  tennis 
player;  went  to  the  tennis  court  to  see  him  play  and  read 
eagerly  the  newspaper  reports  which  confirmed  his  young 
renown.  She  sometimes  expressed  a  little  vague  and  tender 
anxiety  lest  travel  over  the  land  to  the  netted  fields  would 
not  be  quite  "good"  for  such  a  young  boy.    It  was  natural 

[198] 


for  her  to  feel  so,  for  Malcolm  had  a  national  reputation  as 
a  "boy  wonder"  on  the  tennis  courts  when  he  was  only  fifteen, 
and  was  in  constant  demand  at  tournaments  in  various  por- 
tions of  the  country.  But  she  was  easily  persuaded  that  it 
was  all  "good"  for  this  beloved  grandson  who  seemed  to  her 
to  be  the  incarnated  spirit  of  her  dead  baby  boy.  In  reality, 
although  there  was  much  temperamental  likeness  between 
them,  and  also  the  quality  of  personal  magnetism  was  strong 
and  similar  in  each,  Malcolm  still  had  a  much  more  buoyant 
and  insouciant  nature  than  Ned  had  possessed,  for  Malcolm's 
soul  was  free  from  the  bitter  drop  of  black  melancholy  which 
flowed  always  beneath  Ned's  gayety.  Mrs.  Chiice,  however, 
did  not  note  this  diff'erence,  or  if  she  did,  she  had  by  this 
time  persuaded  herself  that  the  difference  was  not  innate,  and 
that  Ned  would  have  been  as  light-hearted  as  ^Malcolm  was 
had  not  his  boj^hood  been  so  shadowed  by  the  constant  pres- 
ence of  death  and  illness  in  the  home,  and  afi"ected  by  his  own 
ill  health. 

Assured  that  it  was  all  "good"  for  ^Malcolm, — as  appar- 
ently it  was, —  Mrs.  Chace  naively  accepted  the  idea  that  she 
was  the  grandmother  of  an  athletic  prodigy,  as  something 
of  which  to  be  proud,  and  she  expected  people  to  be  aware  of 
Malcolm's  reputation ;  so  completely  expected  it  that  her  tone 
expressed  surprise  and  almost  disapproving  criticism,  when 
she  once  said,  "Why,  Eva  Channing  did  not  know  who  ]Mal- 
colm  was!"  She  evidently  thought  that  ^Nliss  Channing's 
education  had  not  been  a  thorough  one.  But  wha,t  a  relief  it 
was  to  her  long  and  great  maternal  bereavement,  to  live  again, 
as  it  were,  with  one  of  her  dead  boys  at  her  side, — not  seem- 
ing a  ghost,  but  the  image  of  vigorous  young  life. 

Bessie  Cheney  was  unquestionably  ]Mrs.  Chace's  favorite 
grandchild.  She  was  the  first  girl  in  that  generation ;  she  had 
been  born  in  the  Homestead,  was  Mrs.  Chace's  namesake, 
and  during  a  large  portion  of  the  first  four  or  five  years  of 

[199  1 


her  life  had  been  an  inmate  of  ]Mrs.  Chacc's  home;  all  these 
circumstances  helped  to  concentrate  her  grandmother's  affec- 
tion upon  her.  But  besides  all  this,  Bessie  was  a  bright, 
attractive  girl,  gifted  with  a  sweet  disposition,  and  a  modestly 
lively  manner.  Neither  she  nor  her  cousin  Daisy  Chace  ever 
acquired  a  trace  of  forwardness.  They  never  thrust  them- 
selves on  anybody's  attention,  and  were  therefore  always 
pleasant  to  everybody's  notice.  Bessie  was  the  only  member 
of  the  whole  Chace  group  who  had  musical  ability.  She 
derived  it  from  the  Cheneys.  Daisy  Chace,  on  the  other  hand, 
had  some  literary  and  artistic  talent,  and  was  carefully  edu- 
cated in  both  American  and  French  studies. 

Till  she  was  eight\'  years  old,  Mrs.  Chace  had  never  felt 
the  slightest  desire  to  attempt  any  work  of  an  artistic  nature, 
and  she  had  shown  very  little  interest  in  the  effort  of  other 
people  to  draw  or  sketch.  Then  after  a  serious  illness,  she 
began  to  try  to  use  a  water-color  brush.  She  took  lessons, 
and  thenceforth,  almost  to  the  end  of  her  life,  she  painted. 
She  never  attained  much  proficiency;  she  never  learned  to 
draw  with  even  approximate  correctness ;  but  she  had  an  eye 
for  color  and  for  light  and  shade ;  she  mostly  painted  flowers ; 
enjoying  the  occupation  exceedingly,  and  once  in  a  while  she 
did  paint  something  prett}^  Avell. 

Her  daughter,  jNlrs.  Tolman,  was  an  excellent  amateur 
flower  painter.  There  were  a  number  of  gifted  amateur  and 
a  few  professional  artists  at  Wianno.  Classes  met  in  the 
Sabbatia  Cottage  attic,  and  a  water-color  and  crayon  exhibi- 
tion was  held  there  towards  the  close  of  each  of  several 
seasons. 

Among  the  calling,  evening  and  house  guests  at  Sabbatia 
Cottage  in  these  years  were  ]Mr.  and  Mrs.  Edward  H.  Magill, 
the  two  young  actresses,  Ray  Rockman  and  Nannie  Craddock, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Herbert  Morse,  Joseph  Jefferson,  Helen  Camp- 
bell,   Alice    French    (Octave    Thanet),    Mrs.    Lucy    Buffuni 

[  200  1 


EDWARD    H.     MAGILL 


X.ovell,  Anne  Vernon  Buffum,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Frank  J.  Garri- 
son, Mrs.  George  W.  Smalley,  Mrs.  Ellen  Batelle  Dietrick, 
•Carl  Zerrahn  and  many  others  —  the  names  of  some  of  whom 
will  be  given  in  record  of  special  entertainment.  The  number 
of  house  guests  in  the  whole  period  was  comparatively  small, 
because  the  family  itself  was  large ;  there  was  not  much  extra 
chamber  accommodation ;  and  in  the  early  years,  there  were 
always  babies  for  whom  day-time  repose  or  playroom  privi- 
leges must  be  arranged;  and  in  the  later  period  it  was,  as 
has  been  suggested,  necessary  for  Mrs.  Chace's  sake,  to  secure 
jsome  hours  each  day  when  nobody  should  make  a  noise  in  the 
halls,  or  on  the  piazza,  or  in  the  sitting  room  under,  or  in 
the  attic  over,  or  in  the  chamber  next  to  the  one  where  she 
was  resting. 

Nevertheless,  it  made  her  very  happy  to  have  her  Wianno 
neighbors  and  their  visitors  stream  freely  in  and  out  of  Sab- 
batia  Cottage.  Once  three  of  the  sons  of  the  great  Garrison, 
William,  Wendell  and  Frank,  all  called  together  on  her  as 
upon  a  Mother  in  Israel.  She  was  pleased.  They  were  all 
then  over  forty  years  of  age,  and  no  one  of  them  looked  young 
for  his  years.  The}^  were  all  men  who  had  led  strenuous  lives, 
liad  had  deep  and  earnest  experience  and  bore  the  marks 
thereof  in  countenance  and  manner.  When  they  had  left  her, 
the  old,  old  woman  drew  a  long,  ecstatic  breath. 

"Oh,"  she  said,  "What  nice  boys  they  are!" 

In  his  Autobiography,  Moncure  Daniel  Conway  says : 
"Ah,  that  last  beautiful  summer  at  Wianno !  What  tab- 
leaux and  theatricals  at  the  amusement  hall,  and  what 
memorable  Sunday  evening  conversations  at  the  house  of  the 
Tenerable  Elizabeth  Chace !  Especially  memorable  was  the 
visit  of  Thomas  Davidson,  I  iogrnpher  and  interpreter  of 
Rosmini.  Mr.  William  R.  Warren  of  New  York,  the  most 
intimate  friend  of  Davidson,  tells  me  (1904)  that  Professor 
Knight  is  writing  a  life  of  that  marvellous  man.     I  hear  it 

[  201  ] 


with  pleasure,  but  even  the  art  of  my  old  friend  at  St.  Andrews 
can  hardly  convey  to  those  who  did  not  know  Thomas  David- 
son, the  charm  of  the  man,  his  disinterested  devotion  to  high 
philosophic  thought,  the  happy  way  in  which  he  went  about 
distributing  the  riches  of  his  mind  among  us,  every  gift 
suggestive  of  his  abode  in  some  invisible  pearl-island  in  com- 
munion with  all  spirits  finel}'  touched  to  issues  too  fine  for 
appreciation  by  a  world  consecrating  its  energies  to  stupen- 
dous trifles.  Yet  no  man  of  the  world  had  finer  and  friendlier 
manners,  or  a  more  engaging  personality." 

Mr.  Davidson  was  once  for  several  days  a  house  guest  at 
Sabbatia  Cottage,  and  was  there  a  number  of  other  times 
as  a  caller,  or  visitor,  at  special  hours.  He  recited  Scotch 
poetry  at  the  fireside,  he  read  marvellous  essays  in  the  parlor, 
he  sat  many  hours  idly  happy  on  the  piazza,  he  accompanied 
the  young  people  on  picnics,  and  he  talked  nonsense  or 
philosophy  and  ethic  to  enchanted  listeners.  It  was  the 
Wianno  custom  to  speak  of  and  to  the  mistress  of  that  cottage 
as  "Madam  Chace,"  but  he  used  an  old  world  title  and  called 
her  "Lady  Chace." 

The  oratorio  singer,  William  J.  Winch,  was  charmingly 
courteous  to  Mrs.  Chace,  and  sang  at  one  of  her  evening  re- 
ceptions. Occasionally  tickets  were  sold  for  special  perform- 
ance in  her  parlor,  when  it  was  desired  to  raise  a  little  money 
for  some  purpose.  This  was  the  case  when  Mrs.  Edmund 
Noble  talked  on  Russia,  and  Henry  Austin  Clapp  kindly  gave 
his  lecture  on  Twelfth  Night. 

During  each  of  a  large  portion  of  the  summers,  Mrs.  Chace 
held  a  series  of  Sunday  evening  gatherings.  Everybody  was 
at  liberty  to  come  or  stay  away.  The  custom  was  not  quite 
that  of  the  reception.  Neither  Mrs.  Chace  nor  any  of  her 
family  formally  "received."  Chairs  were  ranged  in  audience 
style.    She  took  her  place  by  the  table  near  the  inner  end  of 

[202  ] 


the  room.  A  lamp  was  on  this  table,  another  was  swung  above 
it,  so  she  sat  in  full  light.  She  occupied  a  large  wicker  chair. 
Her  hair  was  not  very  white,  but  she  always  wore  on  her  head 
a  plainly  falling  or  simply  fashioned  coiffure  of  rich  white 
lace.  Her  gown  was  generally  gray  or  white,  and  she  held 
some  white  knitting  work  in  her  hands  and  plied  her  needles 
all  the  while.  A  more  venerable  and  sweetly  majestic  image 
of  aged  womanhood  has  seldom  been  seen  than  that  which  she 
presented  on  these  Sunday  evenings,  while  near  her,  preter- 
naturally  silent  and  well  behaved,  and  generally  clad  in  white 
flannel,  sat  little  Arthur  Wyman  and  Richard  Tolman. 

People  came  in  at  the  open  doors,  and  greeted  each  other 
informally  through  a  half  hour  of  gathering  together.  Many 
went  forward  to  make  special  salutation  to  her,  which  had 
in  it  some  character  of  rendered  homage.  Others  did  not,, 
either  feeling  shy,  or  impeded  by  the  crowd.  Then,  some 
member  of  her  family,  generally  Mr.  Tolman,  called  the  com- 
pany to  order.  It  seated  itself  and  became  an  audience,  and 
an  appointed  person  read  a  paper  or  conducted  a  discussion 
on  some  topic.  Usually  there  was  a  paper  followed  by  dis- 
cussion under  ]Mr.  Tolman's  guidance,  but  sometimes  Arnold 
Chace  or  Moncure  Conway  was  the  leader. 

The  company  dispersed  as  it  came,  though  most  people  did 
go  to  Mrs.  Chace's  chair  and  speak  to  her  either  when  they 
entered  or  were  about  to  leave  the  house.  She  never  seemed 
to  notice  it  and  made  no  comment  when  they  did  not.  She 
appeared  to  have  no  desire  to  impose  upon  her  Sunday  even- 
ings any  routine  of  etiquette  which  might  have  detracted  from 
their  usefulness  as  opportunities  to  hear  and  talk  and  think 
of  the  themes  treated  in  the  papers  and  discussions. 

Moncure  Conway  and  his  beautiful  wife  were  prominent 
figures  in  these  assemblies,  and  he  bore  large  and  generous 
part  in  the  discussions. 

Henry  Demarest  Lloyd  read  a  paper  on  the  Wage  Theory,, 

[  203  ] 


which  was  afterwards  published  in  The  North  American 
Review. 

Wilham  L.  Garrison  read  a  paper  protesting  against  a 
tariff  for  protection. 

Richard  Hovey  read  a  paper  on  Faust.  Thomas  Davidson 
Avith  prodigal  generosity  discoursed  whenever  he  was  asked 
to  do  so.  Harriet  Tolman  read  a  paper  on  the  question, 
"Should  rich  Women  work  for  Money.'"'  and  threw  the 
weight  of  her  opinion  on  the  negative  side.  Prevailing  senti- 
ment in  Sabbatia  Cottage  answered  the  question  with  permis- 
sion. Miss  Tolman  also  gave  there  an  account  of  the  Concord 
Summer  School  of  Philosophy,  and  Dr.  Keene  once  read  a 
paper  in  the  cottage. 

No  formal  record  was  kept  of  these  Sunday  evenings,  but 
entries  in  ^Ir.  Tolman's  diaries  let  us  know  that 

Aug.  19,  1888,  ]Mr.  Conway  gave  an  address  on  Wagner. 

Aug.  26,  1888,  Mr.  Conwa}'  spoke  on  Lessing's  Nathan 
the  Wise. 

Sept.  2, 1888,  Wm.  L.  Garrison  spoke  on  Woman  Suffrage. 

July  20,  1890,  Mrs.  Ellen  Batelle  Dictrick  spoke  on 
Prohibition. 

July  23,  1893,  Rev.  J.  W.  Hamilton  [afterward  Bishop 
Hamilton]  spoke  on  the  Southern  Question. 

July  30,  1893,  Mrs.  Diet  rick  read  a  paper  on  The  Use  of 
the  Sabbath. 

Aug.  13,  1893,  Wm.  L.  Garrison  discussed  the  Chinese 
Question. 

Aug.  27,  1893,  The  Suffrage  Question  was  discussed  by 
Rev.  Frederic  A.  Hinckley,  Mrs.  Dietrick,  and  Wm.  L. 
Garrison. 

The  friendship  between  herself  and  William  Garrison  was, 
I  believe,  the  greatest  social  joy  that  Mrs.  Chace  had  in  her 
W^ianno  life,  outside  of  her  own  family.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fred- 

[  204  ] 


eric  A.  Hinckley  spent  a  few  seasons  at  Barnstable,  and  she 
was  very  happy  because  they  came  to  spend  occasional  hours 
with  her;  but  William  Garrison  lived  close  beside  her  in  the 
rare  sweet  atmosphere  that  breathed  around  her  age  in 
Wianno,  and  he  was  to  her  like  a  son  beloved. 


Extracts  from  Mrs.  Chace's  Letters  to 
Various  Papers 

"Sept.  11,  18S3.  One  day  a  small  party  visited  a  well- 
preserved  two-story  house,  more  than  two  hundred  years  old, 
which  contains  many  pieces  of  rich,  ancient  furniture  and 
quantities  of  lovely  old  china.  The  only  memento  I  was  per- 
mitted to  bring  away  from  the  old  house  in  Cotuit  is  a  spinning 
wheel  for  flax,  such  as,  when  a  little  girl,  I  once  spun  linen 
upon,  'enough,'  my  grandmother  said,  'to  make  a  milk 
strainer.'  " 

"During  the  season  now  nearing  its  close  we  have  had  two 
especially  interesting  occasions,  on  one  of  which  Miss  Helen 
Magill  read,  in  one  of  our  cottage  parlors,  her  paper  on  the 
'Higher  Education  of  Women  in  Cambridge,  England,'  and 
on  another,  her  father,  the  President  of  Swarthmore  College, 
gave  in  the  same  parlor  a  lecture  on  the  evil  effect  of  the  use 
of  tobacco,  especially  upon  the  young,  speaking  from  large 
experience  and  observation  in  the  care  and  education  of 
boys." 

"Sept.  Jf.,  1885.  On  occasional  Sunday  evenings  we  have 
had  full  assemblages  in  [Sabbatia  Cottage]  to  listen  to 
addresses  on  a  variety  of  subjects.  William  Lloyd  Garrison, 
Jr.,  read  the  address  on  American  Slavery,  given  by  him  a 
short  time  before,  in  the  historical  course  of  lectures  provided 
by  the  philanthropic  Mrs.  Hemenway  for  the  school  children 
of  Boston. 

[  205  1 


"Last  Sunday  evening  we  were  favored  with  a  most  deeply 
interesting  lecture  on  the  'Customs,  Habits  and  Conditions 
of  Chinese  Women,'  by  Miss  Adele  M.  Fielde,  of  Swatow, 
China,  where  she  has  spent  many  years  in  labor  among  the 
native  women.  While  she  depicted  the  horrors  of  the  system 
which  leads  the  mothers  of  that  semi-barbarous  land  to  de- 
stroy, at  birth,  large  numbers  of  their  female  infants,  some 
of  us  could  not  but  reflect  that  in  our  own  country  a  form  of 
destruction,  scarcely  less  abhorrent  and  no  less  criminal, 
prevails  to  an  alarming  extent,  although  with  less  openness 
And  impunity." 

"Sept.  18,  1886.  The  wayside  flowers,  in  their  succession, 
have  given  us  unspeakable  delight.  And  now  the  glory  of  the 
golden-rod,  the  wealtli  of  the  many-hued  aster,  the  royal 
purple  of  the  blazing  star,  with  the  summer  atmosphere  that 
lingers  in  this  September  weather,  and  the  sunshine  of  the 
morning  and  the  moon-glade  of  the  evening,  painting  the 
dancing  waves  with  a  golden  and  a  silvery  splendor,  are  all 
tempting  us  to  prolong  our  stay  beyond  our  usual  period 
of  departure. 

"Last  Sunday  evening  our  parlor  was  filled  by  an  audience 
assembled  to  hear  a  historical  'Essay  on  Early  Quakerism' 
by  Richard  P.  Hallowell.  It  was  a  brief  record  of  the  rise, 
progress  and  persecution  of  the  Society  of  Friends  in  Eng- 
land and  America.  Moncure  D.  Conway  followed  in  an 
address  full  of  interesting  reminiscences  of  his  life,  as  the 
son  of  a  Virginia  slaveholder,  having,  when  a  youth,  received 
his  first  impression  of  the  wrongfulness  of  slavery  through 
his  introduction  into  a  settlement  of  Quakers  in  the  northern 
part  of  that  State.  When  the  war  came  and  the  Union  army 
entered  Virginia,  his  sister  wrote  to  him:  'Our  poor  servants 
are  scattered  everywhere.  Try  to  find  them.'  He  went  to 
Washington,  and  after  much  difficulty,  he  succeeded  in  his 
search,  took  the  whole  company  and  escorted  them  to  Ohio, 

[206] 


where  he  settled  them  in  conditions  in  which  they  could  take 
care  of  themselves." 

''^  Sept.  8,  1887.  We  have  had  more  than  our  usual  number 
of  parlor  lectures  this  season.  Thomas  Davidson,  fresh  from 
his  School  of  Philosophy  at  Orange,  N.  J.,  and  also  from  the 
famous  summer  gathering  at  Concord,  gave  us  three — first 
on  'The  New  Education,'  in  which,  after  beginning  with  early 
parental  training,  he  described  and  commended  an  ideal  school, 
for  both  sexes,  wherein  all  the  faculties  should  be  developed, 
and  all  ethical  principles  inculcated.  His  second  lecture  was 
a  brilliant  portrayal  of  the  genius,  the  beauty  and  the  purity 
of  character  of  Sappho.  His  third  was  'Education  in  Greece 
up  to  the  time  of  Aristotle,'  in  which  he  convinced  us  that, 
imperfect  as  it  was,  and  in  many  respects  quite  at  variance 
with  modern  ideas,  it  had  in  it  qualities  of  reverence,  sturdi- 
ness  and  thoroughness,  which  we  might  do  well  to  imitate 
with  modifications  in  the  education  of  our  own  children. 
Mr.  Davidson  on  several  occasions  gave  us  recitations  of 
Scotch  poetry,  as  only  a  cultivated  Scotchman  could. 
Prof.  Niles  of  the  Boston  School  of  Technology  devoted  an 
evening  to  a  historical  and  descriptive  discourse  on  Holland 
and  the  Hollanders.  IMoncure  D.  Conway  gave  us  Life  and 
Character  in  India,  as  he  learned  it  from  personal  observation, 
including  his  experience  with  Theosophists,  and  his  discovery 
of  the  fraud  by  which  Madame  Blavatsky  and  her  aids  are 
acquiring  wealth,  through  the  credulity  of  their  deluded  fol- 
lowers. All  instructive  and  interesting.  Henry  A.  Clapp, 
dramatic  critic  of  the  Boston  Advertiser,  treated  us  to  an 
entertaining  lecture  on  the  drama  in  which  he  credited  tiie 
public  taste  with  the  character  of  the  plays  presented  on 
the  stage;  and  commended  the  cultivation  of  a  high  moral 
sentiment  and  the  just  treatment  of  performers,  as  a  means 
of  making  the  theater  a  power  for  good  while  otherwise  it  is 
for  evil." 

[207  ] 


"Sept.  11,  1888.  Although  circumstances  have  led  me  to 
choose  this  lovely  spot  for  my  summer  home,  I  can  say  to  my 
native  State,  as  did  Goldsmith  to  his  brother, 

'Where'er  I  roam,  whatever  lands  I  see. 
My  heart  untraveled  ever  turns  to  thee.' 

And  so  when  I  gather  up  the  events  of  the  season,  it  is  to 
my  Rhode  Island  that  I  am  impelled  to  communicate  the 
record. 

"During  the  twelve  years  that  we  have  summered  here,  in 
all  our  walks  and  drives  throughout  all  this  region,  with  its 
many  rural  ways  and  villages,  no  intoxicated  person  have 
we  ever  met,  and  no  sign  of  the  liquor  traffic  have  we  ever 
beheld.  The  hotel  here  has  no  bar — no  private  closet  for 
liquors  —  and  no  alcoholic  beverages  are  supplied  by  the 
guests.  Parents  are  sure  that  the  drink  temptation  will  not 
assail  their  growing  boys  and  girls.  According  to  my  annual 
custom,  I  have  visited  the  county  jail,  where  I  found  only 
seven  prisoners,  not  one  of  them  a  woman,  and  none  of  them 
there  for  liquor  selling.  At  Barnstable  almshouse,  I  found 
only  seven  inmates,  all  either  aged  or  incompetent  persons, 
and  no  children. 

"The  two  last  [Sunday  evenings]  have  been  devoted  to 
Woman  Suffrage,  opened  by  a  most  admirable  address  by 
Mr.  Garrison  which  powerfully  stirred  the  minds  of  several 
women  who  have  been  hitherto  oblivious  to  this  question.  On 
the  second  evening,  Mr.  Conway  gave  a  record  of  the  condi- 
tion and  estimate  of  woman  from  the  earliest  periods  of  the 
world's  history,  illustrating  by  many  curious  legends  concern- 
ing her  status  in  the  human  family  from  age  f^o  age,  winding 
up  with  the  author's  conclusions  of  what  she  may  become, 
and  what  is  to  be  her  mission  in  the  future  of  our  race." 

"Cape  Cod,  Sept.  17,  1890.  In  the  first  place,  my  four- 
teenth  season   here  has   continued   the   confirmation   of   my 

[208] 


original  experience,  that  prohibition  of  the  liquor  traffic  does 
prohibit  on  Cape  Cod. 

"Our  usual  Sunday  evening  discussions  of  religious  and 
economic  questions  have  been  less  frequent  than  at  other 
seasons,  for  the  reason  that  we  have  had  fewer  public  speak- 
ers among  us.  On  one  occasion,  however,  we  had  a  very 
animated  discussion,  pro  and  con,  of  prohibition,  a  few  per- 
sons deprecating  legal  measures  on  the  ground  of  inefficiency, 
the  restriction  of  personal  liberty,  and  the  idea  that  educa- 
tion is  the  only  legitimate  way  to  abolish  intemperance ;  while 
a  larger  number  defended  prohibition  in  the  interest  of 
morality,  as  a  preventive  of  vice  and  crime,  and  as  a  neces- 
sary measure  in  education.  All,  of  course,  claimed  to  speak 
in  the  interest  of  temperance.  But  I  think  we  almost  univer- 
sally find  that  those  persons  who  oppose  prohibition,  unless 
they  advocate  the  doctrine  of  no  government  at  all,  are  them- 
selves not  quite  clear  and  decided  on  the  question  of  total 
abstinence. 

"A  visit  was  made  here,  in  one  of  our  best  families,  by 
Booker  Washington,  a  graduate  of  Hampton  University, 
who  is  the  principal  of  a  large  industrial  and  scientific  train- 
ing institute  for  colored  students  of  both  sexes  at  Tuske- 
gcc,  Ala.  He  is  a  young  man  of  thirty-three,  a  fine-looking 
mulatto,  and  he  impressed  us  as  a  man  of  remarkable  ability 
and  great  nobility  of  character.  Mr.  Washington  assured 
me  that  no  corporal  punishment  is  ever  inflicted,  that  the 
students  are  impressed  with  a  high  sense  of  honor  and  respon- 
sibility, and  that  there  is  very  little  difficulty  in  their  manage- 
ment. On  one  evening.  Miss  Elizabeth  Botume,  who  has  been 
teacher  of  colored  children  at  Port  Royal  for  twenty-five 
years,  related  to  us  her  experiences  among  the  very  primitive 
people  she  found  there,  with  their  growth  through  all  these 
years  during  which  she  has  instructed,  in  some  instances, 
three  generations.    She  gave  us  many  anecdotes  and  illustra- 

[209  ] 


tions  of  the  peculiar  customs,  ideas  and  characteristics  of 
this  remarkably  interesting  people. 

"Some  of  us  have  been  favored  to  become  acquainted  with 
the  family  of  Russell  Marston,  who  has  a  lovely  home  at 
Centreville,  they  being  natives  of  the  Cape.  During  the  con- 
flict for  the  overthrow  of  slavery,  there  was  a  strong  anti- 
slavery  sentiment  throughout  Cape  Cod,  and  he  and  his 
excellent  wife  were  among  its  firmest  supporters. 

"One  of  the  associations  here,  never  to  be  forgotten,  is  our 
intimacy  with  the  family  of  Herbert  and  Lucy  Morse  of 
New  York;  she  an  artist  and  author,  the  granddaughter  of 
Isaac  T.  Hopper,  and  he  the  proprietor  and  principal  of  a 
private,  select  school  for  boys  in  that  city.  They  own  a  small 
farm  and  a  house  near  Cotuit,  on  the  shore  of  West  Bay, 
where  they  entertain  during  the  summer  many  distinguished 
guests,  artistic,  literary  and  philanthropic,  whom  their  friends 
here  are  privileged  to  meet  by  the  generous  host  and  hostess. 
Mrs.  Morse's  father,  James  S.  Gibbons,  a  steadfast  anti- 
slavery  man,  was  the  author  of  the  song,  beginning  'We're 
coming.  Father  Abraham,  three  hundred  thousand  strong'; 
and  her  mother,  Abby  Hopper  Gibbons,  a  woman  eighty-five 
years  old,  is  still  an  active  worker  in  reforms  in  New  York 
•City.  I  told  Mr.  Morse  of  our  great  trouble  over  our  State 
Home  and  School  and  he  was  much  interested.  He  said,  'No 
corporal  punishment  should  ever  be  permitted  in  such  an 
institution';  and  further:  'I  have  taught  school  for  twenty- 
six  years  and  I  have  never  yet  laid  a  hand  upon  a  boy.  There 
are  no  results  obtained  by  whipping  that  cannot  be  better 
obtained  by  other  means.'  Mr.  Morse  is  a  wise  man.  Mrs. 
Morse  was  so  concerned  over  the  cruel  treatment  of  the  chil- 
dren in  the  School  that  she  exclaimed,  'Why,  I  almost  want 
to  go  and  take  it  myself.'  Alas !  we  do  not  often  find  such 
people  in  our  institutions  for  poor  children.  There  will  be 
cause  for  thankfulness  when  we  get  them  on  our  Boards  of 
Management."  p  ^^^  , 


Some  further  quotations  from  Mrs.  Chace's  summer  letters 
will  be  given  chronologically,  because  they  relate  to  her  life 
and  interests  in  Rhode  Island  rather  than  to  Wianno.  The 
summer  of  1893  was  the  last  one  which  she  spent  at  Wianno. 
I  remember  that  I  stood  on  the  Sabbatia  Cottage  piazza 
watching  her  ride  away  in  her  own  carriage,  and  saying  to 
myself,  "She  will  never  come  back  here  again." 


[211] 


CHAPTER  TWENTY-SIXTH 

Home  Events  in  Rhode  Island  ;  More  Work  for  Woman 
Suffrage;  Friendly  and  Reform  Correspondence; 
Reunion  of  Anti— Slavery  Friends  ;  Mrs.  Chace's  Ill- 
ness ;  Mr.  Gannett's  Poem  on  Mrs.  Chace's  Eightieth 
Birthday 

IT  seemed  to  me  that  I  could  best  present  to  the  reader  the 
peculiar  charm  of  Mrs.  Chace's  Wianno  life  by  giving  a 
consecutive  outline  of  it  from  the  beginning  to  its  end  in  1893. 
Now  it  is  necessary  to  return  in  the  general  narrative 
to  the  point  which  we  had  reached  at  the  end  of  Chapter 
Twenty- fourth. 

The  leaders  of  the  National  Woman  Suffrage  Association 
continued  to  beckon  graciously. 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Jan.  6,  1885.  Enclosed  is  the  call  for  our  Washington 
Convention.  How  glad  I  should  be  to  have  your  good  presence 
and  earnest  word  on  our  platform !  Why  can't  you  and  your 
Lillie  and  her  John  come.'^  I  would  love  to  see  and  hear  him 
among  these  powers  that  be.  But  if  you  cannot  come,  do  each 
of  you  write  a  letter  to  be  read  and  published  with  our 
proceedings. 

"I  look  back  upon  my  visit  at  your  beautiful  home,  with 
yourself  and  the  dear  ones  across  the  way,  with  great  pleasure. 
And  may  you  each  and  all  have  entered  joyfully  upon  the 
new  year,  and  may  every  blessing  attend  you  all  through  this 
and  many  more  beyond." 

[212] 


"Susan  is  a  dear,"  said  Anna  E.  Dickinson  once,  and  so 
Susan  was,  although  she  did  belong  to  the  Suffrage  party 
which  was  "the  other"  in  Mrs.  Chace's  household  of  faith. 

William  Arnold  Buffum  to  Mks.  Chace 

"56  Commonwealth  Ave.,  Jan.  7,  1885.  Your  token  of 
sisterly  affection  is  at  hand,  and  it  is  very  gratifying  to  me 
to  feel  that,  in  the  midst  of  your  many  cares  and  interests, 
you  keep  a  place  in  your  heart  for  your  brother. 

"We  have  an  excellent  photograph  of  you,  and  when 

wishes  to  put  me  in  a  particularly  good  humor,  she  calls 
me  Mrs.  Chace.  The  likeness  is  indeed  most  astonishing. 
Perhaps  you  think  I  flatter  myself ! 

"It  must  be  very  pleasant  for  you,  to  have  sister  Lydia 
with  you.  I  was  much  struck  when  I  saw  Lydia  last  with  her 
remarkably  refined  and  spirituelle  face  and  manner. 

"After  all,  health  and  not  wealth  is  the  greatest  boon,  but 
as  with  liberty,  the  price  of  it  is  'eternal  vigilance.'  For 
my  part,  I  am  too  busy  to  be  ill.  I  have  undertaken  the  diffi- 
cult task  of  bringing  some  of  the  Mugwumps  hereabouts  to 
a  realizing  sense  of  their  monstrous  wickedness.  These  fellows 
are  all  Puritanical  Philistines  who  strain  at  a  gnat  and  swallow 
a  camel.  With  much  love,  my  dear  Sister,  affectionately  your 
brother." 

Susan  B.   Anthony  to   Mrs.   Chace 

"Feb.  10th,  1885.  I  give  you  the  copy  of  your  senators' 
replies  to  me.  I  wrote  each  of  the  76  senators  on  Sunday, 
Feb.  1st,  asking  him  if  I  might  count  him  among  the  senators 
who  would  vote  for  our  16th  Amendment  bill.  Senator  Chace 
writes:  'I  am  obliged  for  thy  good  words  to  me  in  thy  letter 
of  the  1st  instant.  I  have  little  hope  of  being  able  to  fill 
Senator  Anthony's  scat,  or  to  answer  the  expectations  of  his 

[213] 


friends  and  mine  who  have  placed  me  there.  I  notice  thee 
asks  me  to  speak.  One  of  the  traditions  of  the  Senate  is  that 
a  new  member  is  expected  to  keep  quiet  for  a  season;  a  con- 
straint hardly  necessary  for  me,  for  I  shrink  from  much 
speaking,  and  never  do  it  except  when  impelled  by  a  sense  of 
absolute  duty.' 

"Senator  Aldrich  wrote:  'Dear  Madam,  I  beg  to  acknowl- 
edge receipt  of  your  letter  of  the  1st  inst.  with  enclosures.' 

"Now  my  dear,  our  bill  is  promised  to  come  up  in  the  senate 
without  fail,  and  I  want  you,  and  as  many  of  your  women  as 
you  can  stir  up,  to  write  letters  to  both  your  senators.  I  have 
no  doubt  but  Mr.  Chace  will  vote  Yes,  though  he  doesn't 
absolutely  say  he  will  do  so,  but  I  am  not  so  sure  of  Aldrich : 
his  reply  evades  the  subject  matter  of  my  letter  to  him  alto- 
gether. Without  letting  him  know  of  my  sending  you  this 
copy  of  his  reply,  do  just  have  him  literally  pelted  with 
appeals  to  vote  for  our  bill.  It  would  be  a  shame  for  one  of 
R.  Island's  senators  to  vote  no,  or  not  vote  at  all." 

In  the  middle  of  February  Mrs.  Chace  addressed  the  special 
committee  of  the  Rhode  Island  House  of  Representatives  on 
Woman  Suffrage,  and  called  attention  to  the  very  high  char- 
acter of  the  men  and  women  who  had  that  year  signed  petitions 
for  Woman  Suffrage.  She  gave  some  details,  as  for  instance : 
"On  the  Valley  Falls  petition  are  the  names  of  two  clergymen, 
one  deacon,  four  teachers,  twenty-three  tax-paying  women, 
twenty-two  tax-paying  men,  a  large  number  of  persons  inter- 
ested in  the  manufacturing  industries  of  the  State,  two  ex- 
members  of  the  Legislature,  one  member  of  Congress  and  the 
President  of  the  Providence  Board  of  Trade." 

As  many  letters  bear  witness,  Mrs.  Chace's  more  intimate 
fHends  were  apt  to  use  Quaker  phrase  in  addressing  her,  even 
when  they  had  no  Quaker  training  or  inheritance. 

[214] 


Edward  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  52  Wigmore  St.,  London  W.  I  put  by  the  Judge's  charge 
in  the  Armstrong  case  for  thee  to  see  that  there  are  two  sides 
to  the  question ;  Stead's  side  is  the  right  side,  and  I  back  him 
up.  But  it  was  very  wrong  of  him  to  be  so  careless  and  in- 
accurate, and  very  wrong  to  make  poor  Jarrett  behave  as 
she  did. 

"But  God  be  praised  that  the  Criminal  law  amendment 
is  passed,  and  all  honor  to  Stead  for  effecting  it.  Jose- 
phine Butler  is  a  glorious  woman.  Have  you  read  her  book, 
Catherine  of  Siena.? 

"I  have  been  so  enjoying  painting  lately, — our  autumn 
tints,  and  also  my  mother — from  memory  and  a  photograph, 
and  my  white-haired  sister  Mary. 

"The  Providence  paper  was  very  interesting  about  the 
Woman  Suffrage  meeting.  How  I  wish  I  could  have  seen  thee 
preside,  in  thy  nice  velvet  dress,  with  the  flowers  in  front  of 
thy  dear  face ! 

"Goodbye  and  God  bless  thee." 

jNIrs.  Chace  wrote  to  the  Rev.  William  C.  Gannett  object- 
ing to  his  placing  in  some  Sunday  School  Lessons  a  phrase 
which  she  deemed  to  savor  of  Orthodox  doctrine. 

Rev.  William  C.  Gaxxett  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"April  30,  1885.  .  .  .  Your  little  criticism,  for  whose  kind- 
liness I  truly  thank  you,  opens  a  large  question.  It  is  the  old 
question, —  Shall  we,  like  Puritans,  whitewash  the  Cathedral 
walls  and  take  down  all  the  statues.''  The  Quaker  is  \cYy 
strong  in  thee.  I  see  it  in  Mr.  Potter  and  one  or  two  other 
dearest  ex-Quaker  friends.  The  Quaker  in  their  blood  per- 
haps disfellowshippcd  the  Poet  in  them  before  they  were  born. 
So  they  knew  it  not,  and  perhaps  never  will !    And  this,  I  say, 

[215] 


while  believing  that  Quakers  are  our  spiritual  aristocracy, 
and  wishing  I  had  a  wee  strain  of  the  blood  honorable  in 
myself!" 

Edward  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"21st  May,  J 885.  I  am  going,  as  soon  as  I  get  it,  to  send 
3'ou  my  photograph. 

"I  had  a  happy  voyage  back  and  am  very  bus}',  but  not 
too  busy  to  often  think  of  thee  and  Mrs.  Read,  and  to  look 
at  thy  photograph  which  I  like  so  much. 

"How  I  should  like  to  breathe  some  of  the  Valley  Falls  air 
again.  How  light  and  bright  and  lovely  it  was,  and  how  I 
enjoyed  those  three  visits.    God  bless  and  keep  you. 

"It  still  troubles  me  to  think  of  your  having  such  a  starving 
religion  as  the  Free  Religion  seemed  to  me.  I  don't  think  I 
could  get  warmth  and  power  for  my  soul  from  it.  I  would 
rather  have  the  four  Gospels,  or  the  Epistles  or  the  Psalms, 
than  all  of  it.  Now  do  decide  to  trust  and  believe  in  God 
more  as  a  Person  who  cares  for  all  and  has  personal  friend- 
liness and  personal  intercourse  with  us  by  prayer  and  the 
Holy  Spirit.  Do  not  put  away  Christ  because  Christianity 
has  been  falsified  by  certain  Christians.  He  has  been  so  good 
and  so  real  to  me,  and  He  is  so  now,  that  I  know  He  Mould 
be  rich  towards  3'ou  also.  You  know  so  much  and  have  done 
so  much,  that  I  long  all  the  more  for  you  to  have  this  one 
thing." 

In  1885  Mrs.  Chace  issued  an  appeal  for  aid  for  Calvin 
Fairbank,  who  in  the  old  time  had  served  nearl}'  a  score  of 
years  in  Kentucky  jails  for  helping  away  some  fugitive  slaves. 
He  was  subjected  to  barbarous  treatment  while  in  prison, 
tasks  beyond  his  strength  or  manual  skill  being  imposed  upon 
him,  for  the  inadequate  performance  of  which  he  was  beaten, 
in  all,  many  hundred  blows.    He  was  not  released  until  the 

[216] 


Civil  War  and  Congressional  decrees  brought  their  changes 
to  Kentucky.  He  lived  fully  thirty  years  longer,  but  he  was 
a  broken  man.  A  woman  waited  for  him  all  that  weary  time 
he  was  imprisoned,  and  married  him  when  he  became  one  of 
the  captives  whom  the  sword  had  set  free.  I  saw  him  once 
^oon  after  his  marriage,  when  he  came  with  his  wife  to  Lex- 
ington, where  I  was  then  at  school.  He  was  a  tall  man,  who 
walked  with  a  stiff  rheumatic  gait ;  she  was  a  very  noble  look- 
ing woman. 

Mrs.   Sophia  L.  Little  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"Newport,  Oct.  1st,  1885.  Enclosed  please  find  my  check 
for  five  dollars,  a  small  gift  to  Calvin  Fairbank.  I  think  if 
.any  living  being  deserves  adequate  support  in  his  old  age, 
it  is  this  true  hero  and  living  martyr." 

Edwin  H.  Whitney  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"Oct.  1st,  1885.  I  have  read  your  appeal  for  Calvin  Fair- 
bank.  I  experienced  a  feeling  of  regret  that  it  was  not  my 
privilege  to  have  struck  one  blow  for  the  holy  cause.  But 
now  the  opportunity  has  come  when  we  of  the  later  generation 
can  comfort  one  of  the  sufferers.    I  inclose  my  mite." 

This  circular  letter  was  sent  with  a  Woman  Suffrage 
petition  to  each  Rhode  Island  postmaster: 

"Sir.  If  you  know  any  woman  in  your  neighborhood  who 
will  circulate  this  petition,  please  give  it  to  her;  and  if  you 
do  not,  will  you  keep  it  in  your  office,  and  invite  any  adult 
persons  who  come  in  to  sign  it ;  and  return  it  to  me  as  soon 
as  you  have  obtained  all  the  names  you  can,  and  oblige,  yours 
respectfully,  E.  B.  Chace,  Valley  Falls,  R.  I.,  Oct.  7,  1885." 

In  February,  1886,  Mrs.  Cliace  went  again  before  the 
State  Legislature  and  pleaded  for  Woman  Suffrage,  and  in 
JVIarch  the  Senate  passed  a  resolution  that  an   amendment 

[217  ] 


to  the  Constitution  should  be  submitted  to  the  voters  of 
Rhode  Island,  which,  if  carried,  would  confer  the  right  to 
suffrage  on  the  women  of  that  State.  This  action  of  the 
Senate  had  to  be  ratified  by  the  May  session  of  the  Legisla- 
ture at  Newport. 

The  State  Home  and  School  was  fairly  started  within  a 
reasonable  time  after  the  passage  of  the  act  enabling  its 
establishment.  Its  situation  was  satisfactory  to  Mrs.  Chace, 
being  in  a  region,  which  although  within  the  city  limits,  was 
so  rural  that  the  buildings  were  half  a  mile  from  the  public 
road  and  not  discernible  therefrom.  It  contained  some  thirty 
or  forty  acres,  and  was  partly  farm  and  partly  wood  land. 
It  seemed  to  be  an  ideal  place  where  children,  under  proper 
management,  might  be  both  happy  and  good;  but  its  very 
isolation  made  it  a  place  where  much  offence  and  much  tyranny 
could  go  on  unnoticed  and  unknown,  if  the  wrong  persons 
were  given  the  daily  control.  Mrs.  Chace,  however,  at  first 
saw  only  the  bright  side  of  everything;  was  sanguine  in  her 
anticipations  and  happy  in  seeing,  what  she  believed  to  be^ 
the  realization  of  her  long  dream.  She  made  no  criticism,^ 
then,  of  the  chosen  superintendent,  who  indeed  seems  to  have 
impressed  her  very  favorably  when  she  visited  the  school. 

Gov.  George  Peabody  Wetmore  to  Mrs.  Chace 
"Feb.  17,  1886.     I  am  very  glad  to  know  that  you  have 
succeeded  in   raising  the  amount  necessary   to  purchase  a 
piano  for  the  State  Home  and  School,  and  inclose  with  much 
pleasure  the  sum  promised  by  me." 

To  such  effort  had  the  Quaker-born  woman  come ! 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stone  to  Mrs.  Chace 
"March  9, 1886.    You  cannot  count  upon  me  for  any  help, 
dear  Mrs.  Chace.    Today  I  am  so  stiff  that  every  motion  is 
a  pain. 

[218] 


"Dear  old  Julia  Smith  has  gone  on  to  the  wide  circle  on 
the  other  side.  Yesterday,  I  thought  I  should  go  to  her 
funeral.    But  I  seem  much  more  likely  to  be  at  my  own. 

"This  Spring,  if  we  are  all  still  here,  I  want  to  have  you 
and  Abby  Foster,  Theodore  Weld,  Sam  May  and  the  few  old 
anti-slavery  people  who  are  left  spend  a  day  with  me  at  my 
home.  Mr.  May  was  in  the  office  the  other  day,  and  we  both 
thought  it  a  pleasant  thing  to  do." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Tolman 

"  J^th  mo.,  35th,  1886.  When  recovering  from  illness,  I 
always  find  it  such  a  good  time  to  think,  to  recall  the  memo- 
ries of  old  events,  that  I  have  often  been  glad  of  the  oppor- 
tunity, which  does  not  come  when  we  are  engaged  in  the 
activities  of  ordinary  life." 

Mrs.   Chace  to  a  Providence  Paper 

"June  3rd,  1886.  On  Thursday  morning  of  last  week, 
when  my  son  telegraphed  me  from  Newport  'Woman  Suffrage 
Amendment  passed  the  house  by  a  vote  of  forty-eight  to  eight, ^ 
my  heart  swelled  with  fervent  thanksgiving,  the  ground  seemed 
firmer  under  my  feet,  my  faith  in  the  sense  of  justice  of  Rhode 
Island  men  grew  strong,  and  life,  devoted  to  human  progress, 
seemed  really  worth  living." 

Mrs.  Lucy   Stone  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"Boston,  June  12th,  1886.  You  know  we  are  to  have  a 
visit  at  my  house,  you  and  Theodore  D.  Weld,  Sam  May, 
Abby  Foster,  if  she  can  come,  and  Sarah  Southwick. 

"Now  what  day  can  you  come,  either  next  week  or  the 
week  after.''  Any  day  will  be  convenient  for  me.  You  can 
bring  your  maid  and  stay  over  night,  and  be  very  comfort- 
able, or  my  maid,  who  is  used  to  looking  after  me,  will  be  kind 

[219] 


to  you.  As  soon  as  you  fix  the  day,  I  will  write  all  the  others, 
and  we  will  have  a  real  good  time,  and  after  the  others  have 
left,  we  will  settle  the  State  of  Rhode  Island,  and  plan  for 
the  success  of  the  Amendment." 

The  reunion  was  held  as  Lucy  Stone  had  planned.  Many 
of  the  friendships  of  the  vigorous  anti-slavery  days  were  re- 
newed. Samuel  May,  Theodore  Weld,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sewall, 
Mrs.  Chace,  Mrs.  Foster  and  Miss  Southwick  met  and  talked 
of  the  stirring  days  of  the  past.  The  four  sons  of  William 
X.loyd  Garrison  were  also  there  to  represent  their  father. 

Because  of  some  question  of  womanly  dignity,  which  seemed 
to  her  involved,  Lucy  Stone,  at  her  marriage  to  Henry  B. 
Blackwell,  had  refused  to  change  her  name,  but  insisted  on 
being  known,  socially  as  well  as  professionally,  as  Mrs,  Lucy 
Stone.  Yet  as  I  saw  them  passing  together  through  public 
places,  they  always  seemed  to  me  like  one  person  moved  by 
one  purpose. 

Long  after  her  death,  I  heard  Mr,  Blackwell  tell  how  in 
his  youth  he  had  aided  in  the  escape  of  a  fugitive  slave-girl, 
■*'!  was  told  later,"  said  the  white-haired  patriarch  of  reforms, 
*'that  this  act  of  mine  was  what  gained  me  my  wife.  If  that 
was  so,  I  received  the  most  heavenly  reward  that  ever  came 
to  earthly  man  for  any  deed," 

Mrs,  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  Mrs,  Chace 

"Newport,  July  12th,  1886.  By  all  means  let  us  have  the 
Convention  here,  I  will  try  for  the  Channing  church,  but 
doubt  whether  we  can  get  it.  As  to  speakers,  Elizabeth  Chace 
can  probably  bring  with  her  helpers  from  Providence,  I  will 
do  my  small  best," 

[220] 


Mrs.  Maey  A.  Livermore  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Melrose,  July  17,  1886.  Mr.  Livermore  and  I  work  for 
Woman  Suffrage  in  our  own  way,  spending  hundreds  yearly,^ 
doing  what  we  see  to  be  done. 

"It  has  never  seemed  necessary  for  me  to  attend  a  Woman 
Suffrage  meeting  in  Providence,  for  I  never  have  an  audience 
there,  when  I  speak  for  that  reform.  If  I  speak  on  any  other 
topic,  I  have  immense  audiences.  The  size  of  the  house  alone 
limits  the  attendance.  But  I  have  never  had  a  hundred  people 
in  my  audience,  when  I  have  talked  on  Woman  Suffrage  in 
Providence.  As  my  time  of  work  has  dwindled  to  a  span, 
and  the  calls  upon  me  arc  incessant,  it  seems  wiser  for  me  to 
go  where  I  can  command  the  largest  hearing,  and  allow  those 
who  can  command  the  popular  ear  as  I  cannot,  [to]  speak 
in  Providence.  Our  force  is  not  so  large  yet  as  to  make  us 
regardless  of  its  economical  use." 

John  G.  Whittier  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Oak  Knoll,  Danvers,  10th  mo.,  18, 1886.  I  cannot  be  with 
you  at  your  meeting  on  the  22nd  inst.,  but  I  congratulate 
you  on  the  Legislative  submission  of  the  Suffrage  to  the 
people;  and  I  am  especially  pleased  to  know  that  the  Corpo- 
ration of  Brown  University  are  favorably  disposed  to  the 
admission  of  women  to  the  privileges  of  its  noble  institution. 
I  cannot  entertain  a  doubt  that,  with  proper  effort  on  the 
part  of  the  Suffrage  Association,  the  people  of  Rhode  Island 
will  respond  in  an  emphatic  affirmative  to  the  overture  of  the 
Legislature." 

Harriet  S.  Tolman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Nov.  7th  {^1886^.  Mary  thought  you  would  like  to  see 
a  copy  of  this  fine  ode  by  Lloyd  Garrison.  I  was  very  glad 
of  the  opportunity   of  attending  the  exercises   in   Sanders 

[221  ] 


Theatre.  Mr.  Garrison's  ode  was  considered  *the  best  thing 
written  in  Harvard  for  twenty  years.'  He  looked  very  beauti- 
ful as  he  stood  erect  and  repeated  it.  Afterwards  it  was  sung 
by  all  the  students  to  the  tune  of  'Fair  Harvard.'  It  seems 
to  me  a  very  remarkable  composition  in  its  polish  and  full- 
ness, when  one  considers  that  it  was  written  in  the  form  pre- 
scribed by  the  music." 

Extensive  preparations  had  been  made  to  get  together  a 
large  number  of  Mrs.  Chace's  scattered  friends  to  celebrate 
her  birthday  in  December  of  this  year,  but  a  few  weeks 
previous  to  the  day,  she  became  ill  with  pneumonia,  and  while 
she  was  still  confined  to  her  bed,  the  terrible  question  was 
presented  to  her,  whether  or  not  she  would  undergo  a  surgical 
operation  with  only  half  the  chances  in  her  favor.  The  opera- 
tion was  performed  in  early  December. 

Samuel  May  to  Mes.  Chace 

"  November  28th,  1886.  Your  daughter  Lillie's  note  telling 
me  of  your  disappointment  in  regard  to  keeping  your 
approaching  birthday  in  the  way  you  had  planned,  and  the 
cause  thereof,  came  when  I  was  myself  disabled. 

"If  Me  cannot  meet  at  your  house  on  your  birthday,  we 
shall  wish  we  could.  I  wish  I  could  properly  thank  you  for 
the  support  you  have  given  to  those  who  battled  so  long 
for  the  American  Slave." 

MoNcuRE  D.  Conway  to  Mes.  Chace 

*' Boston,  Nov.  29,  1886.  I  was  much  pleased  to  hear  from 
the  [B.  A.]  Ballous  that  there  is  a  prospect  of  the  Woman 
Suffrage  movement  gaining  a  triumph  in  the  near  future.  'It 
will  be  more  the  work  of  Mrs.  Chace  than  anybody  else,'  they 
said ;  and  I  know  well  how  true  that  is. 

[222] 


"My  wife,  Mildred  and  I  are  about  starting  off  to  make 
a  little  pilgrimage  to  Brook  Farm,  where  the  ever  blessed 
Transcendentalists  had  their  community.  Alas,  how  manj^ 
of  them  are  gone !  I  still  feel  a  pang  when  I  remember  how 
I  used  to  regard  Boston  as  a  mere  station  on  the  road  to 
Concord,  where  my  beloved  friend  and  Teacher,  Emerson, 
resided.  My  daughter  has  a  passion  for  Concord  which  I 
verily  believe  she  has  inherited.  There  are  few  men  left  that 
one  can  look  up  to  now ; — but  here  is  dear  Dr.  Holmes,  whose 
face,  still  cheery  under  silvered  hair,  has  just  left  some  sun- 
shine in  the  room  where  I  write.  And  there  is  Whittier,  whose 
spirit  is  still  strong.    Goodbye,  dear  friend." 

Theodore  D.  Weld  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  6th,  1886.  We  all  cherish  you,  beloved  sister,  among 
our  precious  memories,  thanking  God  and  you  that  you  have 
struggled  so  long  and  have  never  fainted." 

Mrs.  Fanny  Garrison  Villard  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"N.  Y.,  Dec.  7,  1886.  Frank  has  written  to  me  of  the 
severe  operation  to  which  you  have  again  been  subjected.  .  .  . 
He  tells  me  also  that  you  will  celebrate  your  80th  birthdaj"^ 
this  week.  I  send  you  warm  congratulations,  and  feel  almost 
as  if  some  one  of  us  ought  to  add  those  of  my  dear  parents 
too.  I  wish  it  had  been  permitted  to  Father  and  Mother  to 
live  so  long." 

To  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  8,  1886.  Hail  eighty  years!  And  may  we  be  able 
to  exclaim  next  December, '  Hale  eighty  one ! '  Affectionately, 
William  and  Ellie  Garrison." 

Wendell  P.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"The  Nation,  New  York,  Dec.  8,  1886.  It  is  a  source  of 
gratification  to  remember  the  friendship  of  our  parents,  and 

[223] 


the  kindly  aid  which  3'our  father  extended  to  mine  in  hi» 
struggling  days.  I  hope  the  two  lines  of  descent  will  never 
diverge  so  far,  in  space  or  mutual  regard,  as  not  frequently 
to  recall  the  old  association  of  Buffum  and  Garrison." 

Parker  Pillsbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Concord,  N.  H.,  12th  mo.,  8,  1886. 

"My  very  dear  Friend:  Thanks  sincere  and  many  for 
opportunity  to  contribute  my  humble  word  to  the  observance 
of  your  eightieth  birthday.  It  is  indeed  an  honor  of  which 
I  would  be  glad  to  be  a  thousand  times  more  worthy. 

"Let  me  join  my  wish  and  prayer  to  your  family's  own; 
that  your  days  ma}'  be  yet  many  in  the  land ;  and  be  as  happy 
and  peaceful  at  the  last,  as  the  former  have  been  truly  noble, 
womanly,  useful  and  beautiful.  Then  shall  I  be  ever  glad, 
and  I  trust  not  faultily  proud,  that  I  am  permitted  to 
subscribe,  today.  Faithfully,  fraternally  and  affectionately 
yours." 

The  Rev.  William  Channing  Gannett  has  kindly  permitted 
here  the  reprint  of  one  of  his  published  poems.  He  wrote  and 
sent  it  to  Mrs.  Chace  when  she  had  completed  the  thirty 
thousand  days  comprised  in  her  eighty  years. 

THIRTY  THOUSAND 
To  E.  B.  C. 

Eighty  years  old  on  December  9,  1886 

"Thirty  thousand,"  said  the  Fates, 

Mixers  of  the  days  to  be, 
As  she  passed  the  mystic  gates. 

Little  Quaker  baby  she ! 

[  224  ] 


Thirty  thousand  days  and  nights — 
That  the  dower  with  which  she  came; 

All  their  sounds  and  all  their  sights 
Vested  in  the  tiny  dame. 

Thirty  thousand  dawns  to  print 
Junes,  Octobers,  on  the  lands  ! 

Title-deeds  to  every  tint 

Brought  she  in  her  rosy  hands. 

Thirty  thousand  flocks  of  stars 
Pastured  in  the  upper  skies. 

Sunsets  for  their  pasture-bars ; 
Title-deeds  were  in  her  eyes. 

And  a  thousand  moons  had  she 
In  her  right  of  royal  breath. 

Ah,  the  dues  they  laid  on  thee. 
Dainty  Queen  Elizabeth ! 

Price  is  high  for  royal  dowers ; 

Thee  must  earn  thy  golden  state; 
Spcnd-thrift  gods  fling  out  the  hours, 

Miser  gods  keep  count  and  weight. 


Day  and  night  and  night  and  day. 
One  by  one,  as  moments  flee: 

Lady  of  the  Yea  and  Nay, 

Thou  hast  earned  thy  quecnerie ! 

Earned  it  as  a  noble  should. 

Dauntless,  tireless,  gentle-strong; 

Giving  Yea  to  every  good. 
Daring  Nay  to  every  wrong. 

[225  ] 


Thou  dost  leave  a  sweeter  earth, 

Less  of  poison,  less  of  fen, 
By  thy  precedent  of  worth 

Stablished  in  the  world's  Amen. 

Thou  art  part  of  all  uplift  : 
One  tint  brighter  rises  morn 

Henceforth,  ever, — that  thy  gift 
To  each  child  that  shall  be  born. 

Not  in  calendars  thy  faifie. 
But  secrete  in  happy  prayer; 

Men  shall  bless  thee — not  by  name — 
Thanking  God  for  daily  care. 

"Thirty  thousand,"  said  the  Fate: 
But  who  draw  the  royal  breath 

Into  lives  the  "days"  translate, — 
Quaker  Queen  Elizabeth ! 

w.  c. 


226  ] 


CHAPTER   TWENTY-SEVENTH 

Letters  from  Samuel  May  and  Lucy  Stone  about  the 
Death  of  Abby  Kelley  Foster;  Campaign  Work 
FOR  THE  Woman  Suffrage  Amendment;  Letter  to 
Edward  Clifford  ;  Humanitarian  Work  ;  Family  In- 
cidents ;  Deaths  of  Oliver  Johnson  and  Mrs.  Doyle  ; 
Investigation  and  Reform  in  the  Management  of 
the  State  Home  and  School;  Acquaintance  with 
Baroness  Gripenberg;  Letters  from  the  Baroness; 
Birthday  Letters 

Samuel  May  to  L.  B.  C.  W, 

*'T    EICESTER,  January  18,  1887.      I  have  thought  very 

M  J  much  of  your  dear  Mother  for  the  last  four  days; 
and  particularly  yesterday  as  we  went  to  the  last  rites  for 
our  dear  Abby  Kelley  Foster.  Whether  to  write  directly  to 
your  mother  or  not,  I  have  hesitated;  not  knowing  if  she 
continued  as  well  as  when  I  last  heard  from  her, — about  two 
weeks  since,  when  the  account  was  very  favorable  indeed.  I 
hope  she  continues  to  improve. 

"Your  Mother  and  Mrs.  Foster  were  such  intimate  and 
long-abiding  friends,  that  I  know  everything  relating  to  the 
one  must  be  of  interest  to  the  other.  So  I  venture  this  hasty 
note,  as  due  to  that  friendship,  and  to  your  Mother's  early 
and  devoted  service  to  the  A.  S.  Cause;  you  will  kindly  use 
your  judgment  in  showing  [this  letter]  to  her  or  not.  .  .  . 

"The  news  of  the  death  has  startled  all  her  [Abby's] 
friends,  as  the  death  itself  did  all  in  her  immediate  family. 
She  was  not  supposed  to  be  ill. 

"The  trouble  seemed  to  be  exhaustion  of  all  nervous  and 

[227] 


bodily  power,  induced  by  some  unusual  brain  work  she  had 
been  doing.  She  had  been  applied  to,  to  furnish  to  Cyclo- 
pedia of  Biography,  a  sketch  of  her  husband.  She  undertook 
it,  calling  in  the  help  of  P.  Pillsbury,  who  gave  it  promptly. 
Knowing  her  great  thoroughness  and  exactness  in  everything 
she  undertook,  we  know  she  would  not  slight  any  work  she 
might  take  on  herself ;  but  this  would  have  the  greatest  claim 
on  her;  and  she  could  not  advance  far  in  it,  without  becoming 
intensely  absorbed.  It  would  soon  become  to  her  like  living 
the  whole  over  again;  and  all  her  husband's  wrongs  and  suffer- 
ings would  return  with  fresh  force. 

"Her  sister  Mrs.  Barton  saw  the  effect  on  her, — begged 
her  to  go  more  slowly — to  spare  herself;  again  and  again 
tried  to  have  her  take  rest.  I  suppose  she  could  not;  the  duty, 
once  undertaken,  and  the  consciousness  that  it  was  the  very 
last  chance  for  her  to  bear  a  testimony  in  vindication  of  her 
husband,  would  impel  her  to  go  on,  without  stopping,  to  the 
completion.  It  even  seems  strange  to  me  that  she  lived  to 
complete  it.  But  she  did.  She  did  the  very  last  work  on  it 
Wednesday,  and  as  she  brought  from  her  room  the  concluding 
post-card  to  P.  P.  to  notify  him  that  the  last  copy  had  gone 
to  the  printers,  her  sister  said  the  card  trembled  so  in  her 
hand  and  she  herself  so  trembled,  that  she  thought  both  would 
have  fallen  to  the  ground.  Next  morning  (Thursday)  she  lay 
late  in  bed,  and  had  some  porridge  brought  to  her  there. 
Later  in  the  day,  she  got  up,  and  dressed,  and  sat  up  awhile ; 
but  found  herself  unable,  and  went  back  to  bed.  The  exhaus- 
tion continued  and  increased,  and  on  Friday  morning,  as  there 
was  no  improvement,  Alia  was  summoned.  .  .  .  The  funeral 
was  very  private;  the  house  is  not  large,  and  the  rooms  in  it 
small.  Still  a  very  considerable  number  collected.  From 
Boston,  Lucy  Stone,  her  husband  and  daughter,  William  and 
Frank  Garrison,  and  Mr.  Richard  Hallowell;  several  from 
neighboring  towns  and  a  small  number  from  Worcester. 

[228] 


"After  mj  own  introduction,  services  and  address,  Lucy 
Stone,  W.  L.  Garrison,  Jr.,  Mr.  Blackwell  and  Mr.  Joseph 
Howland  spoke,  all  of  them  most  interestingly,  and  as  she 
would  have  loved  to  hear,  except  as  her  great  modesty  would 
have  deprecated  the  eulogies.  Alia  is  very  steady,  bore  her- 
self most  simply  and  touchingly.  It  is  hard  to  part  with  dear 
Abby,  but  she  had  won  the  crown  if  ever  mortal  did.  I  trust 
W.  L.  G.'s  address  will  be  printed  in  full.  It  was  perfect. 
I  fear  we  shall  never  get  Lucy  Stone's  just  as  she  spoke  it; 
for  it  Avas  not  written  out ;  and  I  fear  it  never  can  be  as  it  was 
uttered. 

"Mrs.  Barton  seemed  overcome  with  grief.  I  think  she 
feels  that  her  sister  slipped  through  her  hands  in  spite  of  her. 
As  I  understand  it,  it  was  wholly  owing  to  this  brain-work, 
and  that,  not  merely  because  it  was  somewhat  hard  work,  but 
still  more,  because  it  took  such  hold  of  her  feelings,  like  a  new 
sorrow  and  crucifixion.  Dear  soul!  But  could  it  have  been 
better, —  her  dying  work  for  another  in  the  hope  that  she 
might  justify  him  before  the  world!" 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stoxe  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dorchester,  Jan.  21,  1887.  Yes,  we  are  left  and  Abby 
Foster  is  gone, — and  the  group  of  last  summer  will  never 
meet  again.  I  am  glad  we  had  that  much, —  glad  that  Abby 
went  to  see  you.  She  slept  her  life  away  without  pain.  Her 
face  as  she  lay  in  her  coffin  had  the  old,  sweet  serenity  and 
look  of  refinement  of  the  earlier  time.  The  troubled  and  care- 
worn look  was  gone,  and  only  peace  and  rest  were  visible. 
There  is  no  woman  like  her !  How  much  the  woman's  move- 
ment was  to  her !  Tired  as  she  was,  most  women  would  have 
escaped, —  fled  before  it.  But  for  her  flight  and  escape  were 
impossible.  .  .  . 

"  It.  would  be  worth  much  if  Dr.  Robinson  of  Brown  Uni- 
versity would  help  at  the  [Woman  Suffrage]  meeting.     I  hope 

[229  ] 


Kansas  will  give  Municipal  Suffrage  this  winter.  Here 
Josiah  Quincy  will  do  what  he  can  to  amend  the  laws,  but  he 
does  not  think  it  best  to  move  for  Municipal  Suffrage." 

Mrs.  Chace  did  a  generous  share  of  the  labor  in  arranging 
the  campaign  in  Rhode  Island,  when  the  people  voted  upon 
the  Woman  Suffrage  Amendment  to  the  Constitution  which 
the  General  Assembly  had  decided  in  the  previous  year  to 
submit  to  the  voters.  All  the  prominent  suffragists  of  the 
State  worked  earnestly,  and  she  contributed  largely  towards 
the  necessary  expenses.  The  Amendment  was  defeated,  but 
the  workers  felt  that  the  campaign  itself  had  advanced  the 
cause. 

Mrs.  Chace  to  Edward  Clifford 

"  Valleij  Falls,  R.  L,  6th  mo.,  3rd,  1887.  Thy  letter  of 
April  16th  was  very  welcome,  and  reminded  me  how  long  it 
was  since  I  had  written  to  thee. 

"A  year  ago  I  had  a  letter  from  thee,  inclosing  an  enquiry 
which  thee  wished  me  to  answer,  'How  should  I  feel  if  I  knew 
I  should  die  in  three  weeks?'  Well,  I  hardly  knew  what  to 
reply,  and  so,  perhaps  that  rather  hindered  me  from  writing 
at  the  time.  It  seemed  to  me  impossible  for  anybody  to  know 
exactly  how  they  would  feel  in  such  circumstances.  If  I  was 
well  and  strong,  I  think  I  should  feel  as  though  I  must  try 
to  get  everything  about  me  in  good  condition  to  be  left, — 
provide  for  the  help  and  comfort  of  as  many  people  as  I  could, 
see  my  friends,  and  say  all  I  could  to  my  children  to  prepare 
them  to  go  on  without  me,  doing  their  duty, — in  short,  set 
my  house  in  order  every  way.  But  if  I  were  ill  and  weak  I  did 
not  know  how  it  would  be. 

"Now,  I  think  I  do  know  pretty  well,  because  I  have,  since 
then,  passed  through  'the  valley  of  the  shadow  of  death,'  and 
I  can  truly  say  that  I  'found  no  evil.' 

[230] 


"Last  October,  I  was  taken  suddenly  ill  with  pneumonia; 
from  which,  in  three  weeks,  I  was  partially  recovered,  when, 
weak  as  I  was,  I  was  obliged,  in  order,  if  possible,  to  save  my 
life,  to  undergo  a  very  severe  surgical  operation,  when  the 
chance  of  my  living  through  it  was  very  small.  The  shock 
was  so  great  that  they  found  it  very  difficult  to  keep  me  alive 
during  the  operation,  and  to  make  me  rally  after  it. 

"When  they,  and  I  too,  thought  I  was  dying,  I  did  not  feel 
any  anxiety  about  myself.  I  was  sorry  to  leave  my  children, 
I  was  sorry  to  go  before  seeing  justice  done  to  the  women  of 
Rhode  Island,  but  I  was  not  the  least  troubled  about  the 
future  to  myself. 

"My  faith,  in  the  good  purpose  that  runs  through  all,  so 
perfectly  satisfied  me,  that  I  was  sure  that  whatever  became 
of  me  would  be  just  what  was  best  for  me.  I  had  no  fear,  but 
entire  and  absolute  faith  in  the  'Eternal  Goodness.'  So  I 
rested  on  a  rock  of  assured  safety. 

"I  lived  however,  and  am  now  in  pretty  good  health.  I 
[became]  eighty  years  old,  while  I  was  lying  very  low,  and 
it  is  marvellous  that  I  could  recover. 

"After  I  sat  up  a  little,  I  wrote  the  inclosed,  as  a  contribu- 
tion to  the  work  being  carried  on  to  prepare  our  people  to 
vote  on  the  Woman  Suffrage  Amendment  to  our  State  Con- 
stitution, which  had  passed  our  Legislature.  This  was,  how- 
ever, defeated,  when  it  came  to  the  vote  of  the  people  in  April. 

"Since  then,  through  my  daughter  Mary's  encouragement 
and  assistance,  I  have  taken  up  the  painting  of  flowers  in 
water  color,  in  which,  while  of  course  it  is  very  crude  and 
imperfect,  I  succeed  far  beyond  mine  or  anybody's  else  ex- 
pectations. I  had  never  attempted  to  use  a  paint  brush  in 
my  life  nor  dreamed  of  doing  so ;  and  so,  it  is  thought  strange 
that  I  could  do  anything.  But  my  ivy  leaves  are  distinguish- 
able from  horse  shoes,  and  my  tulips  and  geraniums  from  pot 
hooks,  and  my  vases  and  flower  pots  from  cooking  pans  and 

[231  ] 


kettles.  I  wish  thee  could  see  them  as  they  are  pinned  up  all 
about  my  little  morning  room,  where  thee  used  thy  deft  brush, 
just  because  it  would  amuse  thee  to  see  the  work  of  my  un- 
skilled hands.  I  am  so  fascinated  with  it,  that  I  want  to  do 
nothing  else  so  much. 

"Can  thee  believe  it; — I  look  on  everything  with  a  new 
eye-sight.  I  see  the  varying  shades  of  color  in  Nature,  as  I 
never  saw  them  before.  I  notice  varieties  of  shape  and  form, 
as  something  to  me,  I  want  to  paint  everything.  Maybe 
Avhen  I  do  a  little  better  I  will  send  thee  a  specimen. 

"All  this  shows  how  undeveloped  we  all  are!  What  one- 
sided creatures  fill  the  world, — what  undiscovered  faculties 
lie  within  us.  Now,  to  me  music  is  an  unknown  tongue,  and 
I  begin  to  tliink  I  have  lost  something  valuable,  by  my  in- 
ability to  understand  and  enjoy  it.  ]My  long  inheritance  of 
Quaker  blood  is  destitute  of  comprehension  of  the  beauty 
that  delights  those  who  fed  the  music  Avhen  they  hear  it.  I 
believe  we  may  hereafter  find  that  we  have  in  us  powers  which 
development  will  bring  out,  that  we  dreamed  not  of  in  this 
earthly  life. 

"So  thee  will  go  to  India,  to  tell  people  there  what  thee 
knows  about  God.  Well,  that  is  good, —  very  good,  if  thee 
will  forbear  telling  them  anything  thee  doesn't  knoza. 

"Has  thee  read  about  the  'Andover  controversy'  here 
among  the  Orthodox  Congrcgationalists.'  The  question  was 
whether  missionaries  might  be  permitted  to  teach  to  the 
Chinese  or  other  heathen  people,  that  their  ancestors  who 
never  heard  of  Christ,  might  be  saved,  i.  e.,  whether  there  is 
any  future  probation.  They  had  a  long  consideration  of  the 
subject  and  finally  left  it  rather  unsettled.  Ah,  how  little 
theologians  know  of  the  'Eternal  Goodness!'  They  seem  to 
think  God  is  not  acquainted  with  the  Chinese  and  the  East 
Indians,  and  does  not  rank  them  among  his  children,  and  isn't 
looking  after  them  at  all.      If  thee  goes  among  them,  do  try 

[232] 


to  lead  them  into  better  ways  of  living,  into  treating  their 
women  and  children  better,  and  don't  condemn  them  because 
their  ideas  of  Duty  are,  by  tradition  and  inheritance,  different 
from  ours.  The  boundless  love,  that  embraces  us,  embraces 
them  also;  they  want  our  enlightenment  in  some  directions, 
while  they  can  give  us  some  in  others. 

".  .  .In  thy  journey  around  the  world,  let  us  come  into 
the  line,  and  we  shall  be  so  glad  to  see  thee.  Love  to  dear, 
saintly  Margaret  and  her  little  ones.  I  should  so  love  to  see 
her  again.  .  .  . 

"P.  S.  Poor  Ireland!  Will  England  ever  settle  right  the 
question.''    Will  Gladstone  live  long  enough?" 

Edward  Clifford  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"What  a  delightful  letter  thou  hast  written  me.  I  must 
spare  it  a  day  or  two  for  Margaret  to  see. 

"How  I  wish  I  were  at  ^'alley  Falls  this  very  minute  instead 
of  in  murky,  depressing  London.  O,  that  sweet,  clear  young 
air  of  America !  How  I  love  the  roads  and  woods  about 
th}^  house,  those  'burning  bushes' — the  maples, —  and  all  the 
greys  and  purples  and  buffs  of  your  landscapes.  I  long  to 
come  back  and  really  think  I  shall  next  year,  if  all  goes  well. 

"Let  me  know  if  I  can  send  thee  anything  at  any  time. 

"I  love  to  have  your  approval  of  the  Church  Army.  But 
there  is  more  in  it  than  thou  thinkest!  It  takes  nothing  less 
than  God  to  change  some  of  these  poor  dear  folks. 

"I  am  very  busy  painting,  and  our  election  is  coming  on. 
I  am  very  anxious  for  Woman  Suffrage,  and  I  believe  we  shall 
get  it  before  long." 

Mrs.  Chace  visited  the  State  Home  and  School  in  June  and 
was  very  much  pleased  with  what  she  saw  there,  and  was  again 
satisfied  with  the  appearance  and  manner  of  Mr.  and  ]Mrs. 
Heal}',  who  were  the  Superintendent  and  Matron. 

[233] 


In  August  of  this  year  Mrs.  Chace  read  of  the  arrest  of  a 
ten-year-old  boy  in  Central  Falls.  He  was  charged  with  steal- 
ing money  from  the  woman  with  whom  he  was  boarded  by  his 
sisters,  and  was  sentenced  to  the  Reform  School.  She  wrote 
indignantly  to  the  Providence  Journal,  saying : 

"According  to  the  report  of  the  case,  there  is  room  for 
suspicion  that  his  fault  was  exaggerated  and  that  'his  sisters,' 
who  had  him  to  support,  'thought  it  would  be  better  to  send 
him  to  the  Reform  School.'  Now  the  State  Home  and  School 
was  the  place  where  this  boy  should  have  gone ;  not  sentenced 
as  a  criminal,  but  as  an  unruly  boy  would  be  sent  by  well-to-do 
parents  to  a  private  boarding  school  to  be  trained  in  the 
knowledge  of  what  is  good,  and  saved  from  further  contami- 
nation by  the  dangerous  influences  surrounding  him." 

On  November  7th  Mrs.  Chace  announced  in  one  of  the 
Providence  papers  that  all  the  expenses  incurred  in  the 
Woman  Suffrage  campaign  of  the  previous  spring  had  been 
paid,  and  joined  to  the  announcement  an  earnest  appeal  to 
all  interested  in  the  cause  to  unite  in  work  for  a  bazaar  to  raise 
more  money  for  future  need. 

Mrs.  William  J.  Wixch  to  Mrs.  Tolman 

"One  of  the  many  beautiful  things  your  dear  Mother  has 
accomplished  in  her  long  life  is  giving  to  me  a  beautiful 
example  of  how  lovely  a  thing  it  is  to  live,  so  that,  as  years 
pass  by,  the  face  becomes  radiant,  suggesting  only  what  is 
noblest  and  best  in  woman." 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Congratulations  are  in  order  until  the  year  is  past,  so 
I  accept  yours  with  pleasure.  Can  it  be  possible  you  have 
beaten  me  in  the  race.''  Well,  let  me  congratulate  you  that 
you  enjoy  so  much  health  and  aspiration  at  eighty-one,  and 

[234] 


still  feel  young.  Yes,  I  feel  young  too,  in  spirit,  and  were 
it  not  for  a  slight  stiffening  in  the  knees,  and  too  many  pounds 
to  carry,  I  should  be  quite  agile  still,  for  I  feel  the  impulse 
to  dance  whenever  I  hear  inspiring  music. 

"About  going  to  Providence,  I  will  think  the  matter  over, 
I  should  love  to  see  you.  .  .  . 

"If  we  can  get  this  Vol.  Ill  off  our  hands,  and  the  Washing- 
ton Convention  disposed  of,  I  will  take  a  trip  to  Hartford, 
Boston  and  Providence. 

"  I  have  not  come  to  a  maid  yet,  though  I  do  dislike  to  travel 
alone,  but  so  short  a  journey  as  to  Providence  I  should  not 
consider  much." 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  Mes.  Chace 

"  Washington,  D.  C,  Feb.  "2, 1888.  Thanks  for  your  $5.00, 
and  thanks  for  your  thought  of  heroic  Abby  Kelley.  Do  send 
on  your  paper.  It  shall  be  read  if  possible;  and  if  not,  it 
shall  go  into  the  report  of  the  Pioneers'  session,  as  will  all 
other  papers  and  letters  from  those  dear  friends  who  cannot 
be  here  to  speak  their  good  words.  .  .  . 

"I  hope  you  may  stay  this  side  to  see  the  good  works 
accomplished." 

In  February  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  for  a  Providence  paper  a 
review  of  a  recent  address  by  Dr.  Morgan,  Principal  of  the 
State  Normal  School,  delivered  to  the  graduating  class  of 
eleven  young  ladies. 

Her  quotations  from  Dr.  Morgan's  address  show  that  he 
had  dwelt  very  admirably  upon  the  duty  of  the  public  school 
teachers  to  instruct  their  pupils  in  the  principles  of  true 
citizenship.  He  said:  "To  vote  is  a  duty;  to  vote  wrong 
may  be  a  blunder ;  to  refuse  to  vote  at  all  is  a  crime." 

Mrs.  Chace  recognized  all  tliis  counsel  as  admirable  in  the 
abstract,  but  she  sent  her  keen  comment  after  his  speech,  say- 

[235  ] 


ing:  "How  could  ...  a  woman  tell  the  boys  in  her  school  that 
*not  to  vote  is  a  crime,'  when  to  be  truthful,  she  must  tell  the 
girls  that  it  would  be  a  crime  for  them  to  attempt  to  vote? 
In  the  State  of  New  York,  women  have  been  arraigned  as 
violators  of  law  for  attempting  to  vote,  and  they  probably 
would  be  in  Rhode  Island." 

Mrs.  Chace's  tribute  to  Abby  Kelley  Foster  was  published 
in  March.  Speaking  of  her  as  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
women  of  this  nineteenth  century,  she  said :  "Abby  Kelley  was 
a  beautiful,  refined,  sensitive  young  woman.  Her  voice  was 
sweet  as  a  silver  bell.  .  .  .  Her  delicate  nature  was  keenly  alive 
to  attacks  of  bigotry  and  hate ;  especially  when  they  came,  as 
they  often  did,  from  women.  I  remember  well  the  trembling 
of  her  voice,  the  quiver  of  her  lips,  and  the  tears  in  her  eyes, 
as,  in  answer  to  my  inquiries,  she  related  to  me  the  insults, 
the  unkindnesses  and  the  cruel  scandals  that  were  heaped  upon 
her." 

On  March  12th  Mrs.  Chace  made  the  opening  address  at 
a  meeting  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Association. 
She  began  by  saying  that  "The  R,  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Asso- 
ciation had  taken  a  rest,"  and  practically  admitted  that  the 
defeat  of  the  amendment  to  the  Constitution  and  the  failure 
of  nearly  all  women  outside  their  own  ranks  to  support  that 
amendment  with  their  influence  had  made  the  suffragists  ready 
to  say :  "If  the  women  of  Rhode  Island  do  not  want  the  ballot, 
we  will  leave  them  to  wait  until  they  do.  And,  if  the  men  of 
Rhode  Island  do  not  know  that  men  alone  can  never  make  a 
government  what  it  ought  to  be,  we  will  wait  until  they  find 
it  out." 

But,  by  the  time  that  Mrs.  Chace  uttered  this  confession, 
its  mood  had  passed,  and  she  went  on  as  enthusiastically  to 
urge  her  hearers  to  work  for  Woman  Suffrage,  as  if  she  were 
twenty-one  instead  of  eight3^-one. 

[236] 


Rev.  Robert  Collyer  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"Oct.  1,  1888.  You  did  not  make  a  blunder,  but  there  was 
no  chance  for  mc  to  come.  I  am  up  to  my  lips  in  work,  as  T 
said  I  should  be,  and  can  see  no  way  or  make  any.  But  you 
must  not  fret  over  this  because  there  are  many  better  men 
and  more  women  who  will  be  there ;  and  as  for  yourself,  you 
know  it  all  and  need  no  teaching  or  inspiration.  I  am  a  bit 
sorry  all  the  same  that  it  is  so,  because  I  should  be  sure  to  get 
more  good  than  I  could  do, — but  there  is  no  help  for  it,  and 
so  we  must  say  so." 

On  October  12th,  1888,  at  the  twentieth  annual  meeting 
of  the  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Association,  Mrs.  Chace  gave  a 
history  of  the  progress  of  woman's  advancement  during  the 
preceding  twenty  years. 

The  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Association  had  a  sale,  recep- 
tion and  supper  on  April  23rd,  1889.  After  the  supper,. 
Mrs.  Chace  responded  to  the  toast,  "Women  in  the  Anti- 
Slavery  Movement."  Her  own  experience  as  a  devoted  friend 
and  helper  of  the  slave  made  it  appropriate  that  she  should 
give  the  sympathetic  speech  of  tiie  evening  upon  one  of  the 
greatest  of  all  human  struggles. 

We  quote  the  following  from  this  address : 

"Of  such  women  was  Helen  Garrison,  the  young  wife  of  the 
great  reformer;  when  her  husband  was  dragged  through 
the  streets  of  Boston,  with  a  halter  round  his  neck,  by  a  mob- 
of  'gentlemen  of  property  and  standing'  who  were  thirsting 
for  his  blood,  this  heroic  young  woman,  instead  of  bemoan- 
ing his  daring  or  bewailing  her  own  unhappy  condition,  was 
heard  to  exclaim,  'I'm  sure  my  husband  will  not  desert  his 
principles !' 

"I  have  in  my  mind  some  women  here  in  Rhode  Island, 
whose  names  are  unknown   to   fame,  but  on  whose  private- 

[237] 


record  stands  a  history,  worthy  to  be  written  in  letters  of 
gold,  as  the  friends  of  humanity,  in  a  sense  of  which  the  Rhode 
Island  women  of  this  generation  have  no  knowledge  or  con- 
ception. In  those  dark  days,  when  to  speak  an  anti-slavery 
word,  or  do  an  anti-slavery  deed,  meant  odium,  if  not  peril, 
these  women,  then  young,  cherished,  talented,  refined,  stood 
always  by  the  right,  through  experiences  worthy  of  the  age 
of  martyrdom.  The  six  Sisson  sisters,  of  Pawtucket,  the 
Browns,  of  East  Greenwich,  daughters  of  a  man  who  bore 
worthily  the  name  of  the  hero  of  Harper's  Ferry,  the  Burgess 
sisters,  of  Little  Compton,  the  wives  of  two  of  the  prominent 
.abolitionists  of  Providence,  Anna  Fairbanks  and  Sophia  Janes, 
the  daughters  of  William  Chace,  of  Pleasant  Valley,  Eliza- 
l)eth  Brown,  a  young  colored  teacher  of  this  city,  whom  the 
others  that  knew  her  took  by  the  hand  as  a  worthy  co-laborer, 
Amarancy  Paine,  Susan  R.  Harris,  Caroline  Ashley,  Hannah 
Shove,  and  others  whose  names  I  fail  to  recall,  must  never  be 
forgotten  in  the  record  made  by  Rhode  Island  in  this  great 
:struggle  for  human  freedom." 

In  October,  1889,  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  R.  I.  Woman 
Suffrage  Association,  Mrs.  Chace  gave  an  address  in  which 
she  said:  "That  our  movement  is  in  itself  essentially  religious, 
I  feel  impelled  seriously,  soberly  and  positively  to  affirm.  In 
the  spirit  of  the  declaration  of  the  Apostle  James  that  'pure 
religion  and  undefiled  before  God,  the  Father,  is  this :  To  visit 
the  fatherless  and  the  widows  in  their  affliction  and  to  keep 
ourselves  unspotted  from  the  world' — I  do  claim  that  this 
movement  for  the  uplifting  of  humanity  the  wide  world  over 
is  a  manifestation  and  expression  of  pure  and  undefiled 
religion." 

Captain  and  Mrs.  Wyman  spent  the  winter  of  1889-90  in 
'Georgia.  They  had  with  them  Arnold  B.  Chace's  daughter 
Daisy  and  their  own  boy,  Arthur,  then  ten  years  old. 

[238] 


DAISY 


The  latter  was  dangerously  ill  for  many  weeks  that  winter, 
and  Mrs.  Chace  sent  divinely  consoling  and  sustaining  letters 
to  the  anxious  parents.  Unfortunately  those  letters  are  not 
to  be  found,  but  they  were  answers  to  such  as  these : 

L.  B.  C.  W.  TO  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Thomasville,  Ga.,  Feb.  12,  1890.  Arthur,  last  night,  was 
in  one  of  those  strange,  spirituelle  moods,  that  I  believe  only 
sick  children  ever  have,  looking  at  me  with  big,  misty  eyes. 

"  'You  are  a  box  full  of  pain,'  I  said,  trying  to  speak 
lightly,  when  he  mentioned  some  new  pain. 

"  'Yes,'  he  said,  'I'm  a  box  of  pain,  like  the  box  Ulysses 
shut  the  winds  in.  I  wish  Pandora  hadn't  ever  opened  her 
box, — but  Hope  stayed.  Hope  comes  when  the  doctor  comes. 
Poor  Mama,  don't  worry,  I'm  going  to  get  well.  I'm  going 
to  get  well  and  strong,  and  drive  the  Shetland  pony.  God  is 
going  to  help  me.  I  asked  him  to.  I  told  Him  I  would  be 
patient.  I'm  having  a  hard  time, — worse  than  the  Greek 
heroes.  I  can't  bear  to  have  my  Mama  get  so  tired,' — and  so 
on,  all  with  those  great  eyes  fixed  on  me !" 

John  C.  Wyman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Thomasville,  Feb.,  1890.  We  have  had  kind  friends  about 
us,  and  were  fortunate  in  a  colored  nurse, — white  as  Lillie 
really — but  an  old  slave,  who  has  been  both  faithful  and 
efficient.  She  has  taken  a  great  fancy  to  Arthur,  and  has 
watched  him  as  devotedly  as  she  could  have  done,  had  he  been 
her  own  flesh  and  blood." 

Captain  and  Mrs.  Wyman  brought  their  invalid  boy  to 
Wianno  in  June  and  cared  for  him  through  a  three  months' 
convalescence.  It  was  not  until  September  that  he  was 
allowed  by  Dr.  Whittier  of  Boston  to  get  up  before  he  had 
had  his  breakfast.     Mrs.  Wyman  had  desired  that  nothing 

[  239  ] 


should  be  said  to  the  child  to  set  him  thinking  about  the  fact 
that  he  and  Death  had  lain  so  long  and  so  close  together,  but 
one  day  ^Irs.  Chace  yielded  to  an  impulse  towards  spiritual 
exploration.  The  little  boy  sat  before  her,  in  the  great  sitting 
room  of  Sabbatia  Cottage,  and  she  asked,  "Arthur,  when 
thee  was  so  sick  in  Georgia,  did  thee  ever  think  thee  might 
not  live?"  "Yes."  "What  did  thee  think  about  it.?"  per- 
sisted the  grandmother.  "I  thought,"  answered  the  child, 
"that  if  I  died  it  would  not  be  my  fault." 

Parker  Pillsbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Concord,  N.  H.,  7  March,  1890.  Oliver  Johnson  wrote 
me  a  beautiful  birthday  letter  and  then  passed  away  before 
it  had  had  a  recognition. 

"No  one  of  our  old  Invincibles  is  more  really  a  loss  to  me, 
in  his  removal,  than  is  Oliver  Johnson.  He  was  not  always 
with  me  in  position,  but  in  heart  he  could  always  be  trusted. 
And  since  Garrison  and  Phillips  were  no  more  on  earth,  their 
enemies  and  maligners  had  a  more  hearty  and  keener  dread 
of  him  than  of  any  other  person." 

Edward  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  1  Studios,  Campden  Hill  R'd. 

London  W.,  25th,  3rd,  1890. 

"You  Avill  think  me  a  bad  Edward  for  not  writing,  and  so 
I  am.  This  is  the  fourteenth  letter  this  evening,  and  I  fear 
it  is  likely  to  be  stupid  and  numb.  But  here  am  I  full  of 
happy  pleasure,  large  experiences  and  of  affection  for  thee, 
so  I  ought  to  be  able  to  write. 

"  Margaret  is  well  and  very  happy  in  the  thought  of  seeing 
her  husband  in  twelve  days.  You  would  think  her  rather 
middle-aged,  with  her  gray  hair,  and  the  lines  that  come  in 
the  face  when  there  are  four  babies  to  be  anxious  about.  But 
she  is  sweeter  and  dearer  than  ever. 

[240] 


"I  have  painted  two  pictures  of  Father  Damien,  one  as  a 
young  man  holding  a  saw  with  some  dreadful  lepers  round 
him.  The  other,  reading  a  book  as  I  saw  him  shortly  before 
his  death. 

"I  think  you  know  Amanda  Smith, —  the  negrcss, —  don't 
you.''  She  has  come  back  from  Africa  looking  years  younger, 
after  all  her  hard  work,  and  with  a  nice  little  adopted  black 
boy. 

"Mary  says  she  thinks  that  corporal  punishment  is  used 
here  in  nearly  every  school.  Do  let  me  know  any  facts  about 
it.    I  was  impressed  by  what  you  told  me. 

"My  life  just  now  is  full  of  brilliant,  delightful  things, 
and  I  do  thank  God  and  feel  grateful  from  my  heart.  Good- 
bye ;  God  bless  thee." 

Sarah  E.  H.  Doyle,  the  wife  of  Louis  J.  Doyle,  known  to 
her  intimates  as  "Bessie,"  was  for  years  Mrs.  Chace's  very 
dear  friend.  Mrs.  Doyle  was  much  the  younger,  yet  the 
friendship  between  the  two  women  was  more  equal  in  its 
character  than  that  between  Mrs.  Chace  and  any  other  Rhode 
Island  woman  except  Mrs.  Paulina  Davis  and  women  of  her 
own  kindred. 

Mrs.  Chace  and  Mrs.  Doyle  sympathized  intellectually  and 
morally  and  they  also  felt  a  warm  temperamental  affection 
for  each  other.  Mrs.  Doyle  died  in  1890,  and  her  death  was 
a  great  loss  to  !Mrs.  Chace's  age.  She  wrote  an  obituar}' 
notice,  from  whicli  we  give  an  extract.  The  English  gentle- 
man mentioned  was  Edward  Clifford : 

"On  the  last  occasion  of  a  visit  from  her  at  the  house  of 
the  writer  she  met  there  an  English  gentleman,  who  was  a 
devout  churchman,  with  whom  she  held  a  serious  conversation 
on  these  questions ;  and  in  the  frankest  but  sweetest  manner 
she  expressed  her  lack  of  interest  in  all  theological  specula- 
tion, and  bore  the  finest  testimony  to  the  beauty  of  that 

[241] 


religion  which  enters  into  every  act  of  the  daily  life,  and  leads 
therein  to  the  doing  of  what  is  right,  simply  because  it  is 
right,  and  thus  becomes  our  duty.  I  was  deeply  impressed 
by  the  eloquence  of  her  speech,  while  her  beautiful  face  was 
radiant  with  the  intensity  of  her  feelings ;  and  the  gentleman 
himself  seemed  fairly  awed  by  the  spiritual  beauty  and  prac- 
tical application  of  her  simple  faith.  Alas !  how  little  I 
dreamed  that  this  was  the  last  time  I  should  hear  her  voice, 
as  she  uttered  words  which  seemed  like  a  divine  inspiration." 

At  the  twenty-second  annual  meeting  of  the  R.  I.  Woman 
Suffrage  Association  Mrs.  Chace  said:  "I  have  just  been 
reading  a  little  work  by  John  Fiske,  entitled  The  Beginnings 
of  New  England,  and  I  have  been  greatly  impressed  by  it. 
The  writer  traces  the  growth  of  the  idea  of  representative 
government  from  its  dawnings  in  the  human  mind,  through 
centuries  of  development,  until  it  culminated  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  United  States  of  America.  It  took  a  long  time, 
but  it  gives  us  today  the  best  theory  of  government  the  world 
has  ever  known.  And  yet,  grand  as  the  idea  was,  and  noble 
as  were  the  men  who  planned  the  Constitution  wliich  embodies 
it,  forcible  and  all-embracing  as  were  the  declarations  of  the 
principle  of  self-govei'nment  which  they  enunciated,  they 
miserably  failed,  as  we  all  know,  to  make  the  application 
which  their  words  logically  implied." 

It  is  not  quite  possible  to  tell  when  and  how  Mrs.  Chace 
first  received  the  impression  that  matters  were  not  going 
rightly  at  the  State  Home  and  School.  She  never  held  any 
official  relation  to  it;  she  was  nearly  eighty  years  old  when 
it  was  established;  she  was  during  all  these  years  subject  to 
severe  illnesses ;  and  carried  with  her  all  the  time  a  source 
of  physical  distress  and  anxiety.  She  visited  the  school  a 
little  oftener  than  twice  a  year,  made  some  inspection  of  the 
buildings,  and  talked  with  the  officers  and  children.    Of  her 

[242] 


experience  in  these  visits  she  wrote  later:  "I  have  been  told 
that  one  day,  when  the  children  knew  of  my  arrival  at  the 
mansion  house,  thirteen  boys  agreed  to  meet  me  when  I  came 
toward  the  cottage  and  tell  me  how  they  were  deprived  of 
their  suppers.  But  when  I  came  and  spoke  to  them  their 
courage  failed,  and  when  I  said  to  them,  'Isn't  this  a  good 
home?'  they  answered  'Yes.' 

"At  that  time  I  thought  it  was  a  good  home,  everything 
being  made  to  appear  smooth  and  pleasant  while  I  was  there. 
There  were  a  few  things  I  was  not  quite  pleased  with,  as,  for 
instance,  the  clothing,  but  I  thought  it  would  grow  better, 
and  I  knew  the  expenses  were  large.  I  never  asked  a  question 
concerning  the  treatment  of  the  children  of  any  person,  ex- 
cept the  superintendent  himself,  and  he  gave  me  the  impres- 
sion that  he  used  corporal  punishment  only  in  extreme  cases, 
and  I  had  no  suspicion  that  this  was  not  true." 

Emma  Carr  was  appointed  cottage  matron  at  the  school 
probably  during  the  year  1889;  she  belonged  to  a  factory 
family  which  was  of  English  extraction.  I  do  not  know 
whether  or  not  Mrs.  Chace  recommended  her  for  the  position 
of  matron.  I  myself  knew  her  well  in  later  years,  and  am 
certain  that  she  possessed  a  character  of  sterling  worth. 
Mrs.  Chace  wrote  thus  of  her  connection  with  the  school: 

"When  Miss  Carr  received  her  appointment  there  by 
Mr.  Stockwell's  recommendation,  I  never  requested  her,  as 
has  been  stated,  to  report  to  me  anything  she  saw  which  was 
wrong;  and  she  never  did  until  the  day  when  her  heart  and 
her  conscience  would  permit  iier  to  be  silent  no  longer." 

On  November  4th,  1889,  Miss  Carr  told  Mrs.  Chace  that 
the  children  were  cruelly  treated  at  the  school.  The  shock 
and  the  horror  that  the  old  woman  felt  can  only  be  imagined. 
But  she  bestirred  herself  at  once,  and  one  of  the  Providence 

[  243  ] 


papers  said  that  the  mere  fact  that  Mrs,  Chacc  believed  there 
was  something  wrong  in  the  State  School  was  sufficient  reason 
why  an  investigation  should  be  made. 

She  girded  herself  up  for  what  was  to  be  her  last  great 
personal  conflict  with  official  authorities,  but  it  was  difficult, 
at  first,  to  obtain  an  investigation ;  some  committee  report 
was  made  in  the  Legislature  to  which  she  thus  referred 
in  an  article  dated  February  12th:  "The  committee  in  their 
report  seek  to  give  the  impression  that  with  a  little  check  on 
Mr.  Healy's  propensity  to  be  severe  there  is  no  fear  of  any 
further  cause  of  complaint.  It  seems  very  strange  to  me  that 
intelligent  men  cannot  see  that  a  man  who  could  from  choice 
treat  children  in  this  manner  is  incapable  of  employing  any 
wiser  or  more  humane  measures." 

Of  the  legislative  situation  in  that  season,  the  Springfield 
Republican  said:  "The  recent  session  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Legislature,  after  many  appeals  from  charitable  people  and 
the  threats  of  the  minority,  decided  to  investigate  the  many 
charges  of  cruelty  made  against  Superintendent  Healy.  The 
matter  was,  in  fact,  the  most  prominent  question  of  the  ses- 
sion, and  the  Senate  and  House  were  under  dead-lock  over 
it  for  several  weeks,  the  former  refusing  to  investigate  and 
the  latter  to  appropriate  money  for  its  support  unless  it  was 
to  be  investigated.  The  hearing,  therefore,  did  not  begin 
under  the  best  auspices.  Mr.  Healy's  conduct  was  exposed 
by  several  women  who  had  served  in  the  home,  and  some  of 
the  instances  of  cruelty  were  as  follows : 

"The  beating  of  a  seven-year-old  boy  on  the  bottom  of  his 
feet  so  that  the  blood  was  drawn;  another's  feet  treated  in 
the  same  way  were  so  swollen  and  painful  that  he  fell  down; 
the  children  were  poorly  clothed  (one  boy  wore  seventeen 
patches)  ;  pinching  of  the  windpipe  and  pressing  of  the  back 
of  the  neck  to  prevent  crying;  beating  with  a  strap  with  a 
nail  in  it ;  boys  put  to  work  in  the  fields  without  their  hats 

[  244  ] 


and  returning  ill  and  vomiting;  painful  death  of  a  small  boy, 
to  whom  Mr.  Healy  is  said  to  have  remarked  a  few  minutes 
before  his  death  that  all  he  needed  was  a  'dose  of  cayenne 
pepper  to  get  up  his  gumption,'  and  who  was  buried  soon 
after  without  even  a  prater. 

"These  witnesses  were  unanimous  in  their  distressing  tales, 
and,  after  making  all  allowances  for  exaggeration  and  preju- 
dice against  Mr.  Healy,  there  is  enough  left  to  convince  any 
one  of  humane  instincts  that  he  is  no  person  to  be  placed  in 
charge  of  orphaned  children.  Mr.  Healy's  own  statements 
do  not  avail  to  remove  this  unfavorable  impression.  He 
should  be  credited  with  a  denial  of  many  of  the  charges  and 
an  explanation  of  others,  which  somewhat  softens  their 
severity.  But  he  is  apparently  more  of  a  business  man  than 
a  humanitarian.  He  told  how  the  school  had  increased  in 
numbers,  how  the  place  had  gained  in  attractiveness,  and 
how  the  quality  of  the  food  had  been  improved.  But  he  ad- 
mitted that  he  pressed  the  windpipes  to  prevent  crying  and 
that  he  used  the  bastinado  to  whip  the  children  on  the  feet. 
This  instrument  is  described  as  a  strip  of  wood  eighteen  inches 
long  and  two  inches  wide;  it  is  flat  at  one  end  and  rounded 
at  the  other." 

Mrs.  Chace  to  ]Mrs.  Tolmax 

"If  thee  had  seen  me  writing  for  two  weeks  a  paper  on 
State  School  matters,  most  of  which  I  wrote  three  times  over, 
thee  wouldn't  wonder  I  hadn't  written  to  thee. 

"The  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Children 
passed  a  resolution  that  they  would  take  neither  side  in  this 
matter.  Only  think  of  it !  Tliey  dare  not  attack  the  Powers 
that  be !  I  wonder  how  that  fear  came  to  be  left  out  of  me. 
I  could  not  summon  it  up  if  I  wanted  to.     And  I  don't." 

Tlie  investigation  was  at  last  carried  through;  Mrs.  Chace 
attended  the  trial,  and  gave  her  formal  testimony,  but  before 

[2-i5  ] 


the  final  arguments  were  made,  she  asked  permission  to  make 
some  remarks ;  by  unanimous  consent  the  permission  was 
granted  her.  She  told  the  committee  what  had  been  the 
purposes  of  the  persons,  including  herself,  who  had  labored 
to  get  the  State  Home  established.  She  then  went  on  to  say : 
"The  evidence  of  numerous  witnesses,  including  Mr.  Healy 
himself,  has  shown  that  the  design  of  the  school  has  been  to 
a  great  extent  subverted  by  the  methods  adopted  for  i^s 
management.  The  treatment  of  the  children  has  been  harsh 
and  cruel,  the  punishments  astonishingly  frequent  and  severe, 
and  often  inflicted  where  there  was  no  blame  or  responsibility 
resting  on  the  child.  What  I  consider  the  worst  feature  in 
this  case  has  been  that  the  idea  has  pervaded  the  management, 
and  been  impressed  on  the  children,  that  they  belong  to  an 
exceptionally  degraded  and  depraved  class  —  in  short,  that 
they  are  thoroughly  bad,  and  that  they  are  paupers  and  must 
be  set  apart  from  other  children.  Had  the  design  been  to 
hold  them  down,  to  keep  them  low,  to  make  certain  their 
degradation,  no  surer  methods  could  have  been  devised. 

"It  is  true  that  some  children  inherit  stronger  tendencies 
to  evil  than  others.  But  inherited  tendencies  cannot  be 
whipped  or  knocked  or  choked  out.  The  cruel  blows,  the 
tortures  inflicted  upon  the  children,  have  hardened  and  de- 
graded them,  have  kept  them  down;  the  patches  on  their 
clothes  have  symbolized  the  patches  on  their  minds ;  and 
altogether  their  treatment  has  made  them  what  Mr.  Healy 
describes  some  of  them  to  be.  There  is  George  Navy,  for 
instance,  a  boy  who  was  admitted  by  Mr.  Healy  to  have  been 
fairly  good,  fairly  intelligent  when  he  came  to  the  home.  At 
one  time  he  was  considered  so  reliable  that  Mr.  Healy  selected 
him,  with  one  other  boy,  to  help  care  for  the  little  children, 
they  being  the  only  two  who  could  be  trusted.  And  now 
at  nearly  fifteen  years  of  age  he  is  declared  to  be  so  bad,  so 
filthy  in  several  ways,  that  his  influence  is  dangerous  to  the 

[  246  ] 


welfare  of  the  other  children,  and  he  is  sent  away  to  take  his 
chances  at  the  almshouse.  Certainly  he  has  had  punishment 
enough,  if  that  were  reformatory,  to  have  made  him  a  model 
of  virtue." 

The  newspapers  of  the  time  report  that  what  Mrs.  Chace 
said  at  the  trial  was  received  with  profound  attention;  they 
describe  her  as  being  "draped  in  black,  looking  exceedingly 
pleasant";  they  speak  of  her  great  age  with  a  little  evident 
wonder  that  she  could  endure  the  fatigue  of  the  sessions.  One 
paper  said:  "Everybody  would  have  liked  to  have  heard 
Mrs.  Chace  more  at  length.  She  is  a  most  delightful  talker, 
clear,  logical  and  quick  at  repartee.  When  Mr.  Healy  made 
one  statement  yesterday  on  the  stand,  a  look  came  over 
Mrs.  Chace's  face  as  if  she  had  completely  lost  all  faith  in 
human  veracity.  It  was  an  expression  of  supreme  disgust, 
and  one  could  easily  imagine  that  she  had  in  mind  the  words 
of  the  Psalmist,  'I  said  in  my  haste  all  men,'  etc." 

The  committee  before  which  the  investigation  was  made 
was  a  joint  committee  of  the  House  and  Senate,  there  being 
five  members  from  each  body;  they  submitted  their  report 
to  the  May  session  of  the  Legislature.  Briefly  summarized, 
it  was  this :  They  believed  the  Board  of  Education  had  not 
sufficiently  acquainted  itself  with  the  needs  of  the  School,  and 
therefore  had  not  recommended  to  the  General  Assembly  to 
Vote  large  enough  appropriations ;  consequently  the  Super- 
intendent had  not  been  able  to  feed  the  children  properly. 
They  did  not  think  that  the  children  had  been  required  to 
work  too  hard,  but  they  thought  that  a  more  varied  industrial 
instruction  should  have  been  given  them.  They  did  not  think 
that  all  the  charges  of  excessive  punishment  had  been  proved, 
but  they  thought  enough  had  been  proved  to  show  that  cruel, 
excessive  and  unusual  punishments  had  been  used,  all  of  which 
they  condemned,  especially  the  unusual,  which  they  consid- 
ered degrading.    And  they  thought  that  the  members  of  the 

[  247  ] 


State  Board  of  Education  had  neglected  to  give  the  School 
the  personal  attention  and  oversight  which  the  people  of  the 
State  had  a  right  to  expect,  and  Avhich  the  best  interests  of 
the  school  required.  Their  condemnation  of  the  Board  was 
really  severe. 

Among  Mrs.  Chace's  private  papers  I  have  found  the 
following  in  her  handwriting:  "As  the  result  of  a  prolonged 
investigation,  Martin  C.  Healy  and  his  wife  were  finally  dis- 
charged from  the  State  Home  and  School,  and  a  new  man 
and  woman  were  placed  there,  by  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, as  Superintendent  and  Matron ;  who  have  proved  to  be 
a  vast  improvement  upon  the  former.  At  the  May  session 
of  the  Legislature,  in  1891,  in  response  to  numerous  petitions 
for  a  change  of  management,  the  Home  and  School  was  taken 
from  the  Board  of  Education  and  consigned  to  a  special 
Board,  to  be  composed  of  four  men  and  three  women ;  the 
newly  elected  Governor,  Herbert  W.  Ladd,  urging  the  adop- 
tion of  the  Bill.  He  then,  following  wise  counsel,  appointed 
an  excellent  Board,  without  regard  to  party  or  creed." 

Felix  Adler  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"The  Society  for  Ethical  Culture, 

N.  Y.,  July  17,  1890. 

"I  have  read  the  newspaper  accounts  of  the  trouble  in  your 
State  School  for  dependent  children,  and  should,  of  course, 
be  very  happy  to  aid  you  in  any  way  in  my  power.  The  man 
to  whom  you  refer  is  not  suitable  for  the  place. 

"I  am  extremely  grateful  to  you  for  the  interest  which 
you  continue  to  feel  in  founding  an  Ethical  College.  .  .  . 

"I  should  dearly  like  >Mrs,  Adler  to  meet  you,  and  I  have 
promised  m3'self  the  pleasure  of  introducing  her  to  you 
sometime." 


[  248  1 


Baroness  Alexandra  Gripenberg  was  a  Finnish  author  who, 
while  visiting  this  country,  came  to  Valley  Falls  and  was 
Mrs.  Chace's  guest  for  a  day  or  two.  She  was  a  pleasant, 
comel}'^  woman,  apparently  about  thirty-five  years  old. 
Mrs.  Chace  invited  a  small  company  to  meet  the  Baroness, 
who  gave  to  them  an  informal  address  describing  the  indus- 
trial instruction  which  was  part  of  the  public  school  educa- 
tion in  Finland.  She  was  a  Woman  Suffragist  and  was,  later, 
a  member  of  the  Finnish  Parliament. 

After  this  visit  she  occasionally  wrote  or  sent  papers  to 
Mrs.  Chace.  Her  letters  were  written  in  English,  and  only 
a  word  or  phrase  now  and  then  betrayed  the  foreign  writer. 

Baroness  Gripenberg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

'^Finland,  Helsingfors,  16th  October,  1890.  Thank  you, 
dear  friend,  for  the  kind  letter  you  sent  me. 

"You  asked  me  once  if  I  really  was  a  protestant  of  my 
heart,  and  I  said  'yes,'  with  some  reluctance.  I  think  that 
you  in  America  find  it  impossible  to  understand  our  ways  of 
taking  those  things.  In  your  country,  where  everybody  and 
everything  is  free — at  least  in  theory, — it  must  be  difficult 
to  understand  how  accustomed  we  are,  with  our  State- 
religion,  to  accept  the  kernel  of  a  system,  and  leave  the  rest. 
So  I  have  done  with  the  Lutheranism.  There  are  many  things 
I  do  not  believe  or  which  I  do  not  like,  but  I  have  seen  so 
many  blessed  fruits  of  it,  that  I  must  keep  the  kernel  of  it, — 
until  I  find  a  better.  * 

"You  have,  of  course,  read  in  \^our  newspapers,  about  the 
efforts  which  the  Russians  have  made  this  last  year  to  intor- 
*fere  with  our  legal  condition.  Although  the  foreign  papers 
this  year  have  been  filled  with  lies  concerning  us,  there  is  a 
bottom  of  truth  in  their  descriptions.  I  want  to  say  that 
these  various  efforts  to  tyrannize  us  and  take  awa}'  our  con- 
stitution is  a  new  example  of  the  generosity,  the  ■wisdom  and 

[  249  ] 


the  beauty  of  the  Bismarckian  politics,  [by]  which  the  little 
nations  have  no  right  to  exist.  Oh  my,  if  you  Americans 
lived  here  or  in  Russia,  you  would  not  admire  it  as  much  as 
you  do!  Now  you  do  not  know  it,  it  is  something  immensely 
large  and  unknown  to  you, —  so  mysteriously  fascinating, — 
n'est  ce  pas? 

"I  send  you — for  fun — a  Finnish  paper,  where  I  have 
written  a  little  description  of  you  and  my  stay  with  you. 
The  little  wooden  cup  you  gave  me  I  have  on  a  little  shelf, 
together  with  other  American  remembrances.  I  kiss  you,  dear 
Mrs.  Chace,  and  remains,  always  yours,  very  affectionately." 

.Mrs.  Chace  gave  her  approval  in  February,  1891,  to  the 
organization  of  Woman  Suffrage  I^eagues  throughout  the 
State. 

In  the  same  year  her  annual  address  to  the  Woman  Suffrage 
Association  was  an  historical  sketch ;  in  which  she  related 
some  incidents  that  occurred  during  the  occupation  of  Rhode 
Island  by  the  British  troops.  The  women  of  the  story  were 
her  own  grandmother  and  her  aunt  Susanna. 

Extracts  from  Mrs.  Chace's  Address 

"I  know  of  one  Newport  woman,  whose  house  was  invaded 
at  that  time  by  British  officers,  they  taking  its  Lest  apart- 
ments and  its  best  household  supplies,  giving  such  orders  as 
they  chose  to  its  inmates.  This  woman  had  a  daughter,  a 
maiden  of  sixteen,  who  was  one  of  that  galaxy  of  beauties  for 
which  our  lovely  island  was  famous.  According  to  the  custom 
of  the  time,  it  was  this  girl's  duty  to  milk  the  family  cows. 
That  mother  let  her  child  out  of  a  bedroom  window  with  her 
milk-pails,  at  early  morning,  and  again  at  evening,  and  waited 
to  take  her  in,  keeping  a  constant  watch  that  the  eyes  of  no 
rude  Britishers  might  rest  on  her  fair  young  face.  Every 
hour  of  her  time,  for  she  had  many  children,  was  filled  with 

[250] 


AI.KXANDRA    GKll'ICNBERG 


numerous  cares.  One  day  a  French  officer  was  brought  bleed- 
ing into  the  house,  from  a  skirmish  with  the  British  in  a  field' 
near  by,  and  placed  on  a  bed  in  an  apartment  usually  occu- 
pied by  the  enemy.  This  woman,  who  did  not  dare  to  let  her 
husband  enter  their  rooms,  went  in  herself,  to  assist  in  dress- 
ing the  poor  fellow's  wounds.  And,  when  the  English  officers 
came  rushing  in,  brandishing  their  swords  and  threatening 
him  with  instant  death,  she  calmly  looked  them  in  the  face, 
and  rebuked  their  inhumanity.  Her  bearing  quelled  their 
savage  instincts  for  the  time,  and,  until  he  recovered,  she 
continued  to  minister  to  his  necessities  with  her  own  hands."" 

President  E.  Bexjamix  Andrews  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Sept.  11th,  1891.  It  is  likely  that  an  arrangement  will 
be  made  by  me  for  the  present  year,  whereby  young  women, 
prepared  to  begin  our  Freshman  work,  can  be  instructed  by 
college  teachers  in  the  very  same  studies  which  the  Freshmen 
in  college  are  pursuing,  being  examined  at  the  close  of  their 
work  by  the  men  who  have  instructed  them.  This  work  will 
be  unofficial,  but  in  no  other  respect  different  from  that  done 
by  and  for  the  young  men. 

"I  am  anxious  to  communicate  with  any  women  who  desire 
to  join  this  class,  and  I  can  assure  them  that  the}^  will  enjoy 
it." 

Frederick  Douglass  to  Mrs.  Ciiace 

"Sept.  '24, 1891.  The  call  to  Hayti,  though  long  expected,, 
after  all  came  as  a  surprise,  and  found  me  in  need  of  so  much 
preparation,  as  to  compel  me  to  give  up  my  much  desired 
visit  to  the  East.  I  wanted  much  before  leaving  home  for 
Hayti,  to  see  once  more,  a  few  of  my  old  and  dear  friends  in 
New  England,  but  this  is  now  out  of  the  question.  I  hope 
however  to  assist  at  the  celebration  of  your  eiglity  fifth  anni- 
versary. I  am  glad  to  observe  that  you  still  write  with  a  firm 
hand.    Mrs.  Douglass  joins  me  in  love  to  you  and  yours."' 

[251] 


Mrs.  Wyman  and  Mrs.  Tolman  gave  an  afternoon  reception 
for  Mrs.  Chace  at  Mrs.  Wyman's  house  in  Valley  Falls,  on 
December  ninth,  1891,  when  Mrs.  Chace  became  eighty-five 
years  old. 

A  few  of  the  many  letters  received  in  response  to  invitations 
are  given  here. 

Martha,  sister  of  Xchcmiali  Lovcll,  who  married  Lucy 
Buffum,  became  the  wife  of  John  Hall,  an  early  Abolitionist 
and  a  religious  thinker  of  the  type  that  was  deemed  heretical 
in  the  decades  of  1830  and  1840. 

Mrs.  Hall  to  L.  B,  C.  W.  and  Mrs.  Tolman 

"Dec.  7, 1891.  I  think  the  friendship  between  your  mother 
-and  me  must  be  of  more  than  sixty  years'  standing.  I  went 
to  Fall  River  in  1832,  a  child  of  thirteen.  It  could  not  have 
been  very  long  after  that  I  became  acquainted  with  your 
mother  and  quite  fell  in  love  with  her.  To  call  sometimes  at 
her  house  and  be  received  as  an  equal  was  an  honor  and  a 
pleasure. 

"At  that  time  I  was  shy  of  your  father,  and  avoided  meet- 
ing him.  Years  after  I  learned  to  value  his  quiet  friendship 
as  highly  as  your  mother's  more  enthusiastic  one.  Your 
mother  was  a  friend  of  my  dear  husband  before  I  knew  him. 
I  look  back  on  many  happy  later  hours  when  we  four  formed 
an  interested  quartette,  often  pleasantly  divided,  your  mother 
and  my  husband  the  more  radical,  and  your  fatlicr  and  I  the 
more  conservative  of  the  party." 

Erastus  Richardson  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  l^th  mo.,  7 til,  1891.  Before  me  is  the  old  yard,  with  its 
cherry-trees  by  the  fence,  its  currant  bushes  beneath  them, 
the  pear-tree  that  hung  over  the  shed,  the  gate  which  opened 
towards  the  mill,  and  the  little  angel  that  would  emerge  there- 

[252] 


from,  saying,  'Come  here,  little  Erastus!'  Often  during  the 
last  fifty  years  have  I  found  myself  walking  upon  the  brink 
of  a  precipice,  and  that  sweet  voice  has  called  me  away  to 
safety ! 

"But  forgive  me,  I  have  no  right  to  go  on  in  this  way. 
I  love  you  with  the  whole  force  of  my  nature  and  you  know 
it, —  or  ought  to  ! 

"Because  of  illness  in  our  family  we  cannot  be  with  you. 
But  there  will  be  none  present  who  can  wish  you  more 
happiness." 

The  "old  yard"  referred  to  was  that  which  surrounded  the 
house  occupied  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chace  when  they  first  settled 
in  Valley  Falls,  and  "the  little  angel"  was  John  Gould  Chace. 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Livermore  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"Dec.  7,  1891.  Your  mother  is  an  illustration  of  the 
conserving  power  of  a  life  devoted  to  high  pursuits." 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  7th,  1891.  You  have  reason,  my  dear  friend,  to  be 
satisfied  with  your  life." 

Frederick  Douglass  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  7,  1891.  I  am  very  much  distressed  that  I  cannot 
meet  you  and  your  dear  family  and  assist  in  the  celebration 
of  your  85th  birthday.  I  have  looked  forward  to  this  happi- 
ness, and  have  many  times  spoken  of  it  to  Helen,  who  now 
shares  with  me  the  regret  and  disappointment.  You  have 
blessed  many  and  I  wanted  to  bless  you  with  my  gratitude 
in  person.  I  hope  still  to  see  your  face  and  hear  your  cheerful 
voice  yet  many  times  before  you  go  hence;  but  whether  we 
meet  again  or  not,  we  can  say,  as  Webster  once  said  of  Massa- 
chusetts, 'The  Past  is  safe.' 

[253] 


"I  shall  never  forget  your  noble  sympathy  with  me  in  my 
-earliest  efforts  in  Valley  Falls  to  awaken  an  interest  in  the 
cause  of  the  slave.  Your  children  were  then  young,  your 
domestic  duties  many,  your  husband  perplexed  and  weighed 
down  with  business  troubles, — and  while  you  cheered  and 
helped  him,  you  still  found  time  and  heart  to  make  a  way  for 
one  Frederick,  a  fugitive  slave,  to  plead  the  cause  of  the 
slave." 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Parker  Pillsbury  to  J.  C.  Wymax 

"Dec.  7,  1891.  Thanks,  many  thanks,  for  so  kindly  re- 
membering us  in  connection  with  the  observance  of  theeighty- 
fifth  birthday  of  our  inestimable  friend,  and  everybody's 
friend,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace. 

"What  Wendell  Phillips  once  wrote  of  a  person  whom  he 
had  known  long  and  intimately  may  well  be  told  here : 

"  'It  has  been  my  lot  to  know  many  rare  and  devoted  men 
And  women;  but  I  can  truly  say,  the  sight  of  her  daily  life 
has  enlarged  my  idea  of  the  reach  of  human  virtue.  I  am 
indebted  to  her  for  a  new  Lesson  of  Practical  Christianity.'  " 

Mr.  May  and  his  family  were  invited  to  the  birthday  party 
And  to  make  an  additional  visit  in  the  Homestead.  They 
were  for  various  reasons  unable  to  come  at  all. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robert  Purvis  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  8,  1891.  The  invitation  to  attend  thy  birthday  re- 
ception was  highly  gratifying  to  us.  We  tender  our  warm 
■congratulations  that  thou  hast  lived  to  see  the  consummation 
of  thy  labors  in  the  cause  of  human  freedom." 

George  T.  Downing  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Newport,  Dec.  8,  1891.  I  have  put  off  writing  to  the  last 
moment  with  the  hope  that  my  wife  and  I  might  express  in 

[  254  ] 


person  our  great  pleasure  that  a  dear  Lady  has  been  spared 
to  greet  her  friends  who  will  come  to  honor  her  birthday, 
but  circumstances  will  not  permit  our  being  present. 

"For  nearly  a  half  a  century  I  have  been  identified  with 
Rhode  Island,  my  adopted  State, —  for  nearly  all  that  time 
the  name  of  Chace  has  been  familiar ;  its  bearer,  the  lady  now 
exceptionally  revered,  has  played  such  a  part  in  trampling 
upon  customs  that  degrade  and  depress." 

Robert  Collyee  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"N.  Y.,  Dec.  8th,  1891.  I  cannot  come  down  on  your 
birthday  as  I  would  love  to  do,  but  will  be  one  of  many  in 
my  thraldom  who  will  send  their  hearts.  You  were  a  bonny 
lassie  of  19  on  the  birthday  when  I  was  one  day  old.  So  we 
are  in  the  same  planet  I  suppose,  and  it  was  a  good  star. 
And  we  may  say  of  you,  as  we  thank  God  for  what  you  have 
been  and  done  in  all  these  years,  what  your  namesake  once 
said  to  her  kinswoman,  'Blessed  is  she  that  believed,  for  there 
shall  be  a  performance  of  those  things  which  were  told  her 
from  the  Lord.' 

"You  have  lived  to  see  many  of  these  things  come  to  pass 
that  were  dear  to  your  heart,  and  I  trust  you  may  live  to  see 
more. 

"  'That  will  do,'  dear  old  Thomas  Whitson  said,  when  they 
read  to  him  the  great  Proclamation,  and  then  he  fell  on  sleep. 
So  I  trust  you  may  still  remain  until  some  great  thing  is  done 
which  still  waits,  on  which  you  have  set  your  heart,  and  then 
draw  a  breath  of  deep  thankfulness,  and  enter  into  the  joy 
of  the  Lord." 

Mrs.  Delia  W.  Porter  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

" Emmanuel  Rectory,  Newport,  R.I.  Perhaps  your  mother 
will  be  interested  to  hear  that  we  were  at  George  Downing's 

[255] 


Golden  Wedding.  He  belongs  to  our  parish.  There  were  a 
few  white  people  besides  ourselves  present.  Mr.  Porter  took 
a  colored  lady  out  to  supper;  but  I  felt  defrauded,  for  an 
unmistakable  Caucasian  took  me,  a  retired  naval  officer." 

Mrs.  Lucy  Stoxe  to  Arnold  B.  Chace 

"I  knew  the  dear  Mother  before  Mary  was  born,  and  spent 
a  day  or  two  (with  her)  when  Lillie,  delighted  at  being  in  the 
parlor,  nearly  broke  the  springs  of  the  sofa  by  hard  jumping 
on  it,  assisted  by  a  brother  or  two." 

Rev.  William  J.  Potter  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"New  Bedford,  Dec.  8,  1891.  You  and  I  were  born  in  a 
denomination  professing  to  be  guided  by  the  'inner  light.' 
By  that  light  you  have  walked;  and  it  does  not  fail  you  in 
these  latter  years,  nor  will  it  fail  in  the  years  to  come." 

Joshua  Young  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"Groton,  Mass.,  Dec.  9,  '91.  My  personal  regards  and 
warm  congratulations  to  Mrs.  E.  B.  Chace  on  her  85th 
birthday." 

It  was  to  Joshua  Young  that  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chace  sent  fugi- 
tives, and  it  was  he  who  preached  at  John  Brown's  funeral. 

J.  Wells  Champney  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Dec.  9, 1891.  I  write  on  your  birthday  to  send  congratu- 
lations, which  I  should  gladly  have  offered  in  person  with 
Mrs.  Champney  to  double  them.  I  am  sorry  that  Valley  Falls 
and  New  York  are  so  far  apart  that  one  cannot  run  around 
for  an  evening." 

At  the  birthday  reception,  Mrs.  Chace  sat  in  a  corner  of 
the  parlor,  facing  the  wide  doorway  into  the  hall,  so  that 

[256] 


guests  saw  her  immediately  before  them,  as  they  entered. 
Flowers  were  in  vases  around  her,  and  she  seemed  embowered. 
She  did  not  rise  from  her  chair. 

One  or  two  seats  were  placed  beside  hers,  so  that  persons 
could  sit  down  with  her,  if  they  wished  to  give  more  than  a 
greeting  word.  Thus  James  Whipple  seated  himself,  the  old 
teamster,  sturdily  imposing  as  ever ;  as  she  gave  him  her  hand, 
he  leaned  forward  and  kissed  her.  She  took  the  salute  like  a 
queen  from  a  king.  He  retreated  radiant  with  satisfaction, 
saying,  "I  said  I'd  do  it  and  now  I've  done  it." 

Dr.  Lloyd  Morton  of  Pawtucket  had  been  Mrs.  Chace's 
friend  and  physician  through  much  of  her  later  illnesses. 
He  had  died  a  year  or  two  previous  to  the  reception,  and  his 
widow  and  son  were  then  living  in  Boston.  Mrs.  Tolman  and 
Mrs.  Wyman  placed  Dr.  Morton's  photograph  on  a  shelf 
that  afternoon,  saying,  "He  ought  to  have  been  here."  The 
words  had  hardly  fallen  from  their  lips,  when  the  door-bell 
rang,  and  a  messenger  handed  in  violets  from  Mrs.  Morton 
and  her  son. 

Other  friends  sent  or  brought  blossoms,  but  I  especially 
recall  the  entrance  of  Mrs.  Mctcalf,  the  daughter  of  Mrs. 
Chace's  anti-slavery  friend,  Edward  Harris,  as  she  came  into 
the  parlor,  bringing  roses. 

Among  other  guests  were  the  miniature  p  linter,  Mrs.  Mark 
HolHngsworth ;  ]Mrs.  William  J.  Winch;  sonic  of  the  Garrison 
family,  and  a  number  of  ]Mrs.  Chace's  kinsfolk. 

MoNCURE  D.   CoxwAY  TO  Mus.   Chace 

"  Philo.,  Dec.  11,  1891.  I  left  home  last  Monday,  and  have 
been  travelling  in  the  wilderness  of  Virginia,  otherwise  you 
would  liave  received  on  the  9th  this  birthday  greeting.  You 
have  a  place  in  the  affections  of  the  Conway  household;  and 
in  none  is  it  warmer  than  in  mine,  for  my  memory  of  you  and 
your  beloved  children  strctclics  farthest  back,  and  into  the 

[257] 


old  days  when  we  were  striving  together  for  the  good  cause, 
whose  triumph  we  have  lived  to  rejoice  in.  It  is  enough  to 
have  lived  for.  How  well  do  I  remember  my  first  visit  to  your 
house,  and  the  little  lady  who  guided  me  about ! 

"I  am  here  to  deliver  an  address  to  the  alumni  of  Dickinson 
College — Carlisle,  Pa. — where  I  graduated  in  1849,  being  a 
strong,  pro-slavery,  fire-eating  man — or  baby — at  the  time. 
We  who  used  to  frolic  in  the  college  grounds  are  now  gather- 
ing here  as  grey  men,  while  in  some  respects,  the  nation  has 
'renewed  its  youth  like  the  eagle.' 

"I  am  still  hard  at  work  on  my  Life  of  Thomas  Paine. 
Mr.  Shipley  was  astonished  to  hear  that  Thomas  Paine  was 
the  first  man  in  America  to  write  in  favor  of  immediate 
emancipation  of  the  negroes.  Paine's  'Garrisonian'  essay 
was  published  March  8,  1775." 


[268] 


I 


CHAPTER   TWENTY-EIGHTH 

Extracts  from  Mrs.  Chace's  Anti-Slavery  Remi- 
niscences ;  Letters  in  Relation  to   Her  Book  ; 
Abby  Kelley  Foster 

MRS.  CHACE,  in  1891,  printed  a  small  volume  con- 
taining  some  of  her   Anti-Slavery   memories,    from 
which  some  condensed  extracts  are  here  given. 
The  volume  was  dedicated  as  follows: 

"To  my 

Beloved  Son  and  Daughters, 

I  dedicate  this  record  of  a  portion  of  my  life, 

In  the  remembrance  of  which, 

Among  many  failures  and  short-comings, 

I  now,  in  the 

Eighty-fifth  year  of  my  age. 

Find  the  most  entire  satisfaction. 

And  I  hope  that  they  and  their  children 

May  gather  therefrom 

Some  lessons  of 

Adherence  to  principle  and  devotion  to  duty. 

At  whatever  cost 

Of  worldly  prosperity  or  advancement." 


[«59] 


Anti-Slavery  Reminiscences 
[Extracts] 

"My  grandmother,  Sarah  Gould,  was  born  [in  Newport, 
R.  I.]  near  the  year  1737  and  her  father,  James  Coggeshall, 
soon  after  her  birth,  purchased  a  little  African  girl,  from  a 
slave-ship  just  come  into  port,  to  serve  as  nurse-maid  to  the 
child.  She  remained  a  slave  in  the  household  until  the  Friends 
abolished  slavery  among  themselves  in  1780,  when,  becoming 
a  free  woman,  she  established  herself  as  a  cakemaker  and  con- 
fectioner in  the  town,  and  lived  to  a  very  old  age.  In  my  very 
infancy,  my  mother  used  to  tell  to  my  sisters  and  myself  the 
story  of  this  girl,  Morier,  who  was  stolen  from  her  home  and 
brought  up  a  slave  in  our  great-grandfather's  house.  My 
mother  remembered,  as  a  child,  her  frequent  visits  to  the 
homestead,  and  the  affectionate  welcome  which  always  greeted 
her  there.  But,  in  all  this  story,  our  gentle  mother  gave  us 
no  idea  that  she  thought  it  was  ever  right  to  buy  little  girls 
and  hold  them  as  slaves,  although  it  was  done  by  her  own 
grandfather ;  so  that  we  never  had  any  predilections  in  favor 
of  slavery. 

"My  paternal  grandfather,  William  Buffum  of  Smithfield, 
was  a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island  Society  for  the  gradual 
abolition  of  slavery :  which  was  probably  organized  near  the 
time  Avlien  slavery  was  abolished  in  the  State. 

"When  my  father,  Arnold  Buffum,  was  a  child,  it  was  not 
uncommon  for  fugitive  slaves  from  New  York  to  seek  refuge 
in  Rhode  Island.  On  one  occasion,  a  whole  family  who  had 
been  for  some  months  in  hiding  came  to  my  grandfather's 
house.  They  were  established  in  a  farm  house  near  the  home- 
stead, and  employment  was  furnished  to  the  father  and  the 
older  children.    In  a  short  time,  their  place  of  refuge  was 

[260] 


discovered,  and  one  day  the  slave-master  from  New- York, 
accompanied  by  an  officer,  came  riding  up  from  Providence 
to  arrest  them.  The  neighbors  were  hastily  summoned  and, 
with  the  household  of  my  grandfather,  formed  a  human  bar- 
ricade opposed  to  their  entrance  through  the  gates.  A  smart 
y^oung  colored  laborer,  who  had  become  attached  to  one  of 
the  fugitive's  daughters,  brandished  a  knife  before  the  slave- 
catchers,  and  threatened  to  'pudding'  them  if  they  did  not 
depart ;  and  the  calm  determination,  with,  perhaps,  some  wiser 
threats  of  the  assembled  and  constantly  increasing  company 
of  defenders,  succeeded  in  driving  them  away  without  their 
prey;  and  the  family  remained  without  further  molestation. 
In  my  childhood,  my  father  used  to  tell  us  how,  as  a  little 
boy,  he  stood  between  Pedro's  knees,  and  listened  to  his  tales 
of  the  sufferings  of  the  slaves,  of  their  capture  in  Africa,  the 
miseries  of  the  slave-ship,  and  of  his  own  adventures  in  the 
escape  with  his  family ;  the  fond  father  ending  by  placing  his 
hand  on  the  curly  head  of  his  youngest  child,  and  exclaiming, 
*And  Pedro  love  Cuffie  better  than  all  his  chillen,  cause  he 
be  free  born.'  And  so,  my  father  became  an  Abolitionist  in 
his  childhood. 

"Our  family  were  all  Abolitionists.  Never,  in  our  large 
household,  do  I  recall  one  word  short  of  condemnation  of  the 
vile  system.  In  our  minds  there  were  no  palliating  circum- 
stances. The  slave-holders  were  man-stealers ;  and,  as  one  of 
the  earliest  of  the  lecturers  used  constantly  to  declare,  they 
must  'quit  stealing.'  When  I  married,  and  my  husband's 
attention  was  called  to  the  question,  he  readily  accepted  the 
Anti-Slavery  principles,  and  remained  faithful  thereto,  during 
his  life. 

"Up  to  the  time  of  the  issue  of  the  first  number  of  the  Lib- 
erator, in  the  year  1831,  we  had  believed  there  should  be 
devised  some  scheme  for  gradual  emancipation,  as  did  our 
father.    Soon  after  that,  when  he  came  to  my  home  at  Fall 

[261  ] 


River,  and  brought  us  the  new  paper,  and  told  us  of  having 
met  Garrison  and  heard  his  arguments,  and  how  the  New 
England  Society  had  been  formed ;  I  remember  asking  him  if 
he  thought  it  would  be  quite  safe  to  set  the  slaves  free  all  at 
once.  In  a  few  words,  he  dispelled,  once  for  all,  that  illusion 
from  my  mind ;  and  from  that  hour  we  were  all  Garrisonians." 

"At  that  time,  the  prejudice  against  color,  throughout 
New  England,  was  even  stronger  than  the  pro-slavery  spirit. 
On  one  occasion,  my  husband  and  myself  went  to  Boston,  to 
attend  the  annual  meeting  of  the  New  England  Anti-Slavery 
Society.  Accompanied  by  a  gentleman  friend,  we  drove  to 
Taunton  from  Fall  River,  there  to  take  the  railroad,  which  I 
think,  at  that  time,  furnished  only  one  car  for  the  journey. 
As  we  entered  the  car,  Samuel  Rodman,  an  Anti-Slavery  man 
from  New  Bedford,  and  a  highly  respectable,  well-dressed 
colored  man  and  his  wife,  from  the  same  town,  took  seats 
therein  also.  The  conductor  came  and  ordered  the  colored 
people  to  leave  the  car.  We  all  remonstrated,  of  course,  but 
without  avail.  He  called  the  superintendent,  who  peremp- 
torily repeated  the  order.  They  got  out  quietly,  and  we  did 
the  same,  (but  not  so  quietly),  and  retired  to  the  waiting- 
room,  leaving  the  car  empty.  The  officials  held  a  conference 
outside,  and  the  conductor  soon  informed  us  that  an  extra  car 
had  been  put  on  for  the  negroes,  and  invited  us  to  take  the 
seats  we  had  left.  We  held  a  little  conference  among  ourselves, 
and  then  every  one  of  us  entered  the  car  with  the  colored 
people.  The  superintendent  was  very  angry,  but  he  did  not 
quite  dare  to  order  us  out,  so  he  assured  us  that  our  conduct 
would  avail  nothing,  for  no  negroes  would  ever  be  permitted 
to  be  mixed  up  with  white  people  on  that  road.  They  were 
mixed  up  with  us,  however,  on  that  day,  and  we  found  them 
intelligent,  agreeable  companions. 

"In  some  cases,  persons  who  were  willing  to  work  for  the 

[262  ] 


Abolition  of  Slavery,  still  strongly  objected  to  any  associa- 
tion with  colored  persons.  We  organized  a  Female  Anti- 
Slavery  Society  at  Fall  River,  about  the  year  1835.  In  the 
village  were  a  few  Very  respectable  young  colored  women  who 
came  to  our  meetings.  One  evening,  soon  after  the  Society 
was  formed,  my  sister  and  myself  invited  them  to  join.  This 
raised  such  a  storm  among  some  of  the  leading  members  that, 
for  a  time,  it  threatened  the  dissolution  of  the  Society.  They 
said  they  had  no  objection  to  these  women  attending  the 
meetings,  and  they  were  willing  to  help  them  in  every  way, 
but  they  did  not  think  it  was  proper  to  invite  them  to  join 
the  Society,  thus  putting  them  on  an  equality  with  ourselves. 
We  maintained  our  ground,  however,  and  the  colored  women 
were  admitted. 

"At  one  time,  when  we  had  an  Anti-Slavery  Convention  at 
Fall  River,  a  large  number  of  visitors  dined  at  our  house. 
Among  them  were  the  two  New  Bedford  people  who  had  so 
shocked  the  sensibilities  of  the  railroad  officials  at  Taunton, 
and,  I  think,  Charles  Lenox  Remond,  a  young  colored  Anti- 
Slavery  orator.  We  had  then  in  our  house,  in  some  useful 
capacity,  a  devoted  Baptist  woman  who  usually  sat  at  the 
family  table.  When  the  dinner  was  ready,  I  asked  her  to 
come.  She  replied,  'No;  I  don't  eat  with  niggers.'  When 
the  dinner  was  over  and  the  guests  had  retired  to  the  parlor, 
I  called  her  again.  And  again  she  answered,  'No;  I  don't  eat 
with  niggers  nor  after  'em.'  Whether  she  went  hungry  that 
day,  I  never  inquired." 

"In  the  year  1839,  my  husband  and  myself  removed  with 
our  family  to  Valley  Falls,  Rhode  Island,  bringing  our  Anti- 
Slavery  principles  with  us.  And,  though  he  had  been  a  con- 
sistent Friend  from  his  youth  up,  and  I  remained  clerk  of 
Swanzey  Monthly  Meeting  until  obliged  to  resign  on  account 
of  our  removal,  the  certificate  they  gave  us  to  Providence 
Monthly  Meeting  was  deficient  in  respect  to  our  standing, 

[263] 


in  that  it  omitted  the  usual  acknowledgment  that  we  were  'of 
orderly  lives  and  conversation,'  and  only  declared  our  mem- 
bership in  the  Society. 

"Uxbridge  Monthly  jMccting  disowned  Abby  Kclley  for 
Anti-Slavery  lecturing,  although  they  did  so,  ostensibly,  on 
some  frivolous  charges,  which  had  no  real  foundation  in  fact." 

"Several  persons,  in  various  parts  of  the  country,  were 
forcibly  carried  out  of  Friends'  meetings,  for  attempting 
therein  to  urge  upon  Friends  the  duty  'to  maintain  faithfully 
their  testimony  against  slavery'  as  their  Discipline  required. 
A  few  meeting  houses  in  country  places,  had  been  opened  for 
Anti-Slavery  meetings ;  whereupon,  our  New  England  Yearly 
Meeting  adopted  a  rule,  that  no  meeting  house,  under  its  jur- 
isdiction, should  be  opened,  except  for  the  meetings  of  our 
religious  Society." 

"One  young  Friend  in  ^Massachusetts  had  written  a  very 
earnest,  open  letter  to  Friends,  in  remonstrance  against  their 
pro-slavery  position.  He  was  universally  condemned  by  all 
the  powerful  influences  of  the  Society.  Talking  with  one  of 
the  most  influential  members  of  our  Yearly  Meeting,  who  ex- 
pressed strong  condemnation  of  this  young  man's  presump- 
tion, I  said,  'But  is  not  what  he  says  true?'  And  he  replied, 
*  Well,  thee  may  be  sure  it  Avill  certainly  kill  him  as  a  Friend.'" 

"From  the  time  of  the  arrival  of  James  Curry  at  Fall 
River,  and  his  departure  for  Canada,  in  1839,  that  town  be- 
came an  important  station  on  the  so-called  underground  rail- 
road. Slaves  in  Virginia  would  secure  passage,  either  secretly 
or  with  consent  of  the  captains,  in  small  trading  vessels,  at 
Norfolk  or  Portsmouth,  and  thus  be  brought  into  some  port 
in  New  England,  where  their  fate  depended  on  the  circum- 
stances into  which  they  happened  to  fall.    A  few,  landing  in 

[264] 


;iome  town  on  Cape  Cod,  would  reach  New  Bedford,  and  thence 
be  sent  by  an  Abolitionist  there  to  Fall  River,  to  be  sheltered 
by  Nathaniel  B.  Borden  and  his  wife,  who  was  my  sister  Sarah, 
and  sent  by  them  to  Valley  Falls,  in  the  darkness  of  night 
and  in  a  closed  carriage,  with  Robert  Adams,  a  most  faithful 
friend,  as  their  conductor.  Here,  we  received  them,  and  after 
preparing  them  for  the  journey,  my  husband  would  accom- 
pany them  a  short  distance,  on  the  Providence  and  Worcester 
Railroad,  acquaint  the  conductor  with  the  facts,  enlist  his 
interest  in  their  behalf,  and  then  leave  them  in  his  care,  to  be 
transferred  at  Worcester  to  the  Vermont  road,  from  which, 
by  a  previous  general  arrangement,  they  were  received  by 
a  Unitarian  clergyman  named  Young,  and  sent  by  him  to 
Canada.  I  used  to  give  them  an  envelope,  directed  to  us,  to  be 
mailed  in  Toronto,  which,  when  it  reached  us,  was  sufficient 
by  its  post-mark  to  announce  their  safe  arrival  beyond  the 
baleful  influence  of  the  Stars  and  Stripes. 

"One  evening,  in  answer  to  the  summons  at  our  door,  we 
were  met  by  Mr.  Adams  and  a  person  in  a  woman's  Quaker 
costume,  whose  face  was  concealed  by  a  thick  veil.  The  per- 
son, however,  proved  to  be  a  large,  noble-looking  colored  man, 
whose  story  was  soon  told.  He  had  escaped  from  Virginia, 
bringing  away  with  him  a  wife  and  child.  Reaching  New  Bed- 
ford, he  had  found  employment,  which  he  had  quietly  pursued 
for  eleven  months.  Being  a  valuable  piece  of  property  (I 
think  he  was  a  blacksmith),  his  master  had  spared  no  pains 
in  discovering  his  whereabouts ;  and,  finally,  traced  him  to 
New  Bedford.  Coming  to  Boston,  he  secured  the  services  of 
a  constable,  and  repaired  to  New  Bedford,  and  went  prowling 
round  in  search  of  his  victim.  But  the  colored  people  of  that 
town  discovered  their  purpose,  communicated  with  some  of 
the  few  Abolitionists,  and  the  man  was  hurried  off  to  Fall 
River  before  the  man-stealers  had  time  to  find  him ;  and  the 
Friends  there  dressed  him  in  Quaker  bonnet  and  shawl,  and 

[265] 


sent  him  off  in  the  daylight,  not  daring  to  keep  him  till  night, 
lest  his  master  should  follow  immediately.  He  said  he  carried 
a  revolver  in  his  pocket,  and,  if  his  master  should  overtake 
him  on  the  road,  he  would  defend  himself  to  the  death  of  one 
of  them,  for,  no  slave  would  he  ever  be  again.  We  sent  him 
off  on  the  early  morning  train,  with  fear  and  trembling,  but 
had  the  happiness  in  a  few  days  to  learn  of  his  safe  arrival, 
of  his  having  procured  work  at  once;  and  afterwards,  that 
he  had  been  joined  by  his  wife  and  child.   .   .   . 

"Another  time  we  were  aroused  about  midnight  by  the 
arrival  of  the  good  friend  Adams,  with  two  young  men  about 
twenty-four  years  old.  They  also  were  from  Portsmouth, 
Virginia.  They  had  each  secured  a  passage  on  a  small  trad- 
ing vessel  bound  to  Wareham,  Massachusetts,  through 
the  friendly  interest  of  the  colored  steward,  but  without  the 
knowledge  of  each  other,  or  of  the  Captain  and  crew  of  the 
vessel;  and  they  were  strangers  to  one  another  before  their 
escape.  The  steward  concealed  one  in  the  hold  and  the  other 
in  his  own  berth  in  the  little  cabin  he  had  all  to  himself,  and 
he  carried  them  food  in  the  night.  They  belonged  to  different 
masters,  and  had  each  a  wife  and  child,  whom  they  said  they 
would  never  have  left  had  they  not  learned  that  they  were 
soon  to  be  separated  from  them  and  sold  to  the  far  South. 
So  cruel  was  slavery  in  this  country,  less  than  forty  years 
ago !  They  were  three  days  on  the  voyage.  Before  their  ar- 
rival, the  steward  told  them  of  the  presence  of  each  other,  and, 
as  they  would  reach  the  port  in  the  night,  he  requested  them 
to  remain  concealed  until  three  o'clock  the  next  afternoon, 
at  which  time  he  should  have  left  the  vessel,  as  he  should  not 
engage  for  a  return  voyage.  Then  he  instructed  them  how 
to  proceed  when  they  reached  the  shore.  The  rest  of  the  story 
I  will  give,  as  nearly  as  I  can,  in  the  words  of  the  man  who 
occupied  the  steward's  berth,  premising  that  it  was  then  a 
time  of  extreme  cold  weather,  about  the  last  of  February; 

[266] 


the  ground  being  covered  with  ice  and  snow,  and  everything 
in  a  freezing  condition. 

"'I  was  lyin'  in  de  berth,  while  dcy  was  unloadin'  de  cargo, 
an'  I  heered  some  one  comin'  toward  de  place  where  I  lay. 
Dere  had  ben  a  leak  in  de  vessel,  an'  de  Cap'n,  he  was  searchin' 
round  tryin'  to  find  it.  I  covered  myself  wid  de  bedcloes,  and 
flattened  myself  out  like  a  plank,  so  I  couldn't  be  seen.  He 
come  an'  reached  over  me,  feclin'  along  de  side  o'  de  vessel 
for  de  leak,  and,  as  he  drew  back  his  hand,  it  hit  my  head ;  an' 
den  he  stripped  off  de  does,  an'  dere  I  lay.  Oh !  den  I  fell  to 
beggin'  an'  prayin'  him  to  let  me  go,  but  he  went  out  widout 
speakin'  a  word,  an'  I  heered  him  bolt  two  doors  between  me 
an'  de  deck !  He  meant  to  carry  me  back ;  but,  God  knows  I 
couldn't  go  back  dere  no  more,  an'  I  alongside  o'  dat  wharf. 
My  coat  an'  my  hat  an'  my  shoes  was  under  dat  berth,  but 
I  didn't  stop  for  dem ;  and  I  bust  open  de  two  doors,  reached 
de  deck,  an'  jumped  on  de  wharf,  before  dey  had  time  to  stop 
me.  De  Cap'n,  he  called  to  de  men  to  seize  me,  but  dey  never 
fnoved;  an'  I  run  up  de  street  as  fast  as  I  could.  I  found  de 
colored  woman  and  her  son  de  steward  tole  me  to  go  to,  an' 
dey  took  me  in,  an'  de  neighbors  come  in ;  an'  dey  warmed  me, 
an'  fed  me,  an'  put  does  on  me,  an'  I  don'  know  what  dey 
didn't  do  to  me.' 

"Then  the  poor,  brave  fellow  told  them  there  was  another 
fugitive  on  board  the  vessel.  And  an  old  white  man  said  he 
knew  the  Captain,  and  he  would  go  down  and  get  him  off.  So, 
he  went ;  it  was  dark,  and  he  succeeded  in  finding  the  man  in 
the  hold,  and  brought  him  away  without  discovery;  and  the 
Captain  and  sailors  never  knew  that  a  second  slave  had  been 
their  passenger.  But,  the  Captain,  hoping  to  set  himself 
right  with  his  patrons  North  and  South,  and  make  it  safe  for 
him  to  return  to  Virginia  with  his  trade,  went  to  New  Bed- 
ford, and  offered  through  an  advertisement  a  reward  of  five 
hundred  dollars,  for  the  return  to  him  of  this  young  man 

[267  ] 


-who  had  so  dexterously  eluded  his  grasp.  But,  he  did  not  find 
him.  He  with  his  fellow-traveller,  was  sitting  by  our  fireside, 
while,  with  bolted  doors,  and  barred  windows,  we  were  hastily, 
with  the  help  of  one  of  our  neighbors,  fitting  them  out  with 
warmer  clothing  for  their  wintry  journey  northward.  We 
had  no  time  for  anything  more  than  to  pick  up  what  we  could 
find,  whether  it  fitted  them  or  not;  for  we  dared  not  keep 
them  longer  than  was  absolutely  necessary.  And  when  one 
of  them  put  on  a  straight-collared,  round-cut  Quaker  coat, 
which  was  much  too  large  for  him,  the  grotesqueness  of  his 
appearance  caused  them,  as  well  as  ourselves,  much  merri- 
ment.  .  .   . 

"Another  night,  good  Robert  Adams  aroused  us  with  a 
carriage  full — a  woman  and  three  children.  She  had  escaped 
from  Maryland,  some  time  before,  with  her  family,  and  estab- 
lished herself  at  Fall  River  as  a  laundress ;  had  made  herself  a 
home,  and  was  doing  well.  Her  eldest  boy,  of  seventeen  years, 
had  gone  six  miles  away  to  work  for  a  farmer.  Soon  after 
this,  the  same  oflficer  who  arrested  Anthony  Burns  in  Boston, 
arrived  in  Fall  River,  and  was  seen  prowling  around  the  neigh- 
borhood where  colored  people  lived.  Always  living  in  fear, 
in  this  so-called  'land  of  liberty,'  her  excitement  was  extreme, 
when  learning  these  facts.  The  friends  of  the  slave  hurried 
this  woman  off,  with  her  three  children,  in  the  darkness  of 
night,  to  await  at  Valley  Falls,  the  disposal  of  her  household 
effects,  and  the  bringing  of  her  son  from  the  farmer's.  We 
kept  them  three  or  four  days,  in  hourly  fear  and  expectation 
of  the  arrival  of  the  slave-catcher;  our  doors  and  windows 
fastened  by  day  as  well  as  by  night,  not  daring  to  let  our 
neighbors  know  who  were  our  guests,  lest  some  one  should 
betray  them.  We  told  our  children,  all,  at  that  time,  under 
fourteen  [probably  eleven]  years  of  age,  of  the  fine  of  one 
thousand  dollars,  and  the  imprisonment  of  six  months,  that 
awaited  us,  in  case  the  officer  should  come  and  we  should  re- 

[268] 


fuse  to  give  these  poor  people  up ;  and  they  heroically  planned,, 
how,  in  such  an  event,  they  would  take  care  of  everything; 
and,  especially,  that  they  would  be  good  during  our  absence. 
...  In  this  case,  our  faithful  Irish  servants  declared,  that 
they  would  fight,  before  this  woman  and  her  children  should 
be  carried  into  slavery;  and  they  were  ready  to  bear  their 
share  of  the  burdens  incident  to  the  occasion.  So,  we  waited, 
and  kept  our  secret.  On  the  third  or  fourth  day,  the  boy 
arrived  with  money  from  the  good  friends  at  Fall  River,  and 
we  sent  them  off,  still  fearing  their  capture  on  the  road.   .   .   . 

"In  the  case  of  the  family  of  whom  I  write,  .  .  .  the 
youngest  child,  only  a  little  over  two  years  old,  had  evidently 
been  born  since  the  escape  from  slavery,  and  was  nearly 
white ;  and  the  mother  seemed  to  think  he  had  more  right  to 
freedom  than  the  others;  and  she  said  he  should  never  be 
carried  into  slavery.  So,  when  they  were  going  off,  I  told  her 
if  they  were  caught  on  the  train,  to  give  him  to  some  kind 
looking  person  and  request  him  to  bring  him  to  me,  and  I 
would  keep  him ;  and  that  relieved  her,  although,  had  they 
been  caught,  it  is  not  certain  that  she  could  have  saved  him 
thus.  My  husband  accompanied  them  a  part  of  the  way  to 
Worcester,  and  told  their  story  to  the  conductor,  who  prom- 
ised to  see  that  they  were  safely  started  on  the  Vermont  road. 
When  he  came  back,  he  told  Mr.  Chace,  that  the  superintend- 
ent at  Worcester  said  they  should  be  taken  care  of,  and  if 
no  train  was  going  Xortli  soon  enough  to  secure  their  safety, 
he  would  put  on  an  extra  train. 

"Tlie  few  days  which  followed  were  full  of  anxiety;  but 
the  envelope  came  back  with  the  Toronto  post-mark,  and 
the  man-stealers  lost  their  prey.   .   .   . 

"The  summer  and  autumn  of  1856,  the  year  of  the  Fremont 
campaign,  my  parents  spent  with  us.  At  a  political  meeting 
in  our  village,  on  a  warm,  sultry  evening,  my  father  was  speak- 
ing in  favor  of  the  Anti-Slavery  candidate,  and  in  earnest 

[269] 


tones  depicting  the  horrors  of  slavery  and  the  blessings  of 
freedom,  when,  suddenly,  he  fainted,  and  fell  prostrate  on 
the  platform.  We  hastened  to  his  side,  supposing  he  was 
dying,  and  I  remember  well  how,  in  my  distress,  I  felt  great 
satisfaction  in  the  fact  that  the  last  utterance  from  his  lips 
was  the  grand  word,  'Liberty.'  I  knew,  if  he  could,  he  would 
have  chosen  that.  He  recovered,  however,  and  lived  several 
years  after,  to  bear  further  testimony  in  the  slave's  behalf; 
but  not,  like  Garrison,  to  see  slavery  abolished. 

"The  campaign  of  that  year  was  a  very  exciting  one;  and 
our  children  entered  heartily  into  it;  and  when  the  watch- 
words of  the  parties  were  flying  in  the  air  and  floating  from 
every  flagstaff,  they  prepared,  also,  to  display  their  several 
predilections.  While  two  of  my  boys,  Samuel  and  Edward, 
aged  thirteen  and  seven  years,  manufactured  and  swung  from 
the  top  of  the  well-house  the  stars  and  the  stripes,  with  'Fre- 
mont and  Freedom'  in  flaming  letters,  Arnold, — aged  eleven, 
quietly  constructed  his  flag  all  by  himself,  and,  ascending  to 
the  top  of  our  house,  swung  it  out  upon  the  breeze,  bearing, 
in  brilliant  color,  the  motto  of  the  Liberator,  'No  Union  with 
slave-holders.'  I  think  our  little  girls  sympathized  with  all 
their  brothers,  and  rejoiced  in  the  waving  of  both  the  flags." 

Of  the  results  of  the  Civil  War,  Mrs.  Chace  writes: 
"In  the  confusion  and  difficulty  that  followed  this  sudden 
•overthrow  of  slavery,  which  threw  the  emancipated  slaves, 
without  any  resources,  upon  their  own  responsibility;  much 
remained  to  be  done  to  save  them  from  starvation,  nakedness 
and  homelessness.  The  people  of  the  Northern  States  were 
aroused  to  great  activHy  in  their  belialf;  and  a  widespread 
sympathy  and  generosity  were  extended  toward  them.  But 
none  except  the  long-tried  Abolitionists  saw  the  necessity  of 
all  removal  of  race  prejudice  and  the  establishment  of  the 
principle  of  a  common  humanity. 

[270] 


^-^  I  (/C/Jiy^y/A. 


"The  public  schools  of  Rhode  Island  had,  some  years  be- 
fore this,  after  a  severe  and  protracted  struggle,  been  opened 
to  colored  children.  And  yet,  about  the  beginning  of  the  war, 
a  lad  of  rare  excellence  and  attainments  was  refused  an  exam- 
ination for  admission,  by  the  authorities  of  Brown  University, 
on  account  of  the  color  of  his  skin.   .   .   . 

"I  regret  to  be  obliged,  as  a  faithful  chronicler  of  my  Anti- 
Slavery  experiences,  to  state  that,  in  the  year  1877,  my  daugh- 
ters and  myself  were  compelled,  conscientiously,  to  resign  our 
membership  in  the  Rhode  Island  Woman's  Club,  because  that 
body  refused  admission  to  a  highly  respectable,  well-educated 
woman,  solely  on  account  of  the  color  of  her  skin,  although 
she  had  been  a  teacher  of  a  colored  school  in  that  city  for 
twenty-five  years. 

"My  own  convictions,  long  since  established,  were  con- 
firmed by  these  and  other  similar  experiences,  that  it  is  not 
right  for  me  to  give  any  countenance  or  support  to  charitable 
or  educational  institutions,  maintained  exclusively  for  colored 
people.  The  colored  people  are  here,  by  no  choice  of  their 
own — members  of  our  body  politic;  and  the  sooner  they  are 
admitted  to  all  the  privileges  of  citizenship,  and  estimated 
solely  by  their  merits  and  qualifications,  the  better  for  all 
concerned.  It  is  a  baneful  policy  to  undertake  to  support 
two  distinct  nationalities  in  one  commonwealth,  or  two  dis- 
tinct social  fabrics,  on  any  basis  except  that  of  mental  and 
moral  fitness." 

Several  hundred  copies  of  this  little  book  were  distributed 
among  Mrs.  Chace's  friends,  and  she  received  in  return  scores 
of  letters,  from  which  are  selected  a  few  passages,  notable 
cither  because  of  the  writers  or  for  some  intrinsic  interest. 


[271  ] 


Thomas  Chase,  Ph.D.,  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"5;  ^i,  1891.  The  history  of  the  Anti-Slavery  movement 
in  America  is  one  of  the  most  important  chapters  in  the  his- 
tory of  civilization ;  and  in  all  history,  individual  memoirs  and 
reminiscences  are  among  the  most  valuable,  and  are  generally 
the  most  interesting  documents." 

The  distinguished  scholar  and  ex-president  of  Haverford 
College,  who  wrote  the  above  letter,  was  a  brother  of  Charles 
A.  Chase  and  a  grandson  of  Arnold  Buffum's  sister,  Patience 
BufFum  Earle. 

R.  M.  Farnum  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"J/flz/  ^Gth.  In  Philadelphia  at  the  time  of  John  Brown's 
attack,  we  saw  the  greatest  excitement.  It  was  with  great 
difficulty  that  the  Mayor  could  protect  Wendell  Phillips 
during  his  lecture  on  Toussaint  L'Ouverture.  We  heard  it,, 
however,  in  National  Hall,  with  a  guard  of  six  hundred  police- 
men in  a  lower  room." 

Mrs.  Sophia  L.  Jaxes  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'^  Providence,  May  28th,  1891.  In  the  year  '41,  we  went  on 
our  wedding  tour  to  New  York,  and  attended  the  anniver- 
saries, and  I  first  saw  Garrison  and  heard  an  Anti-Slavery 
lecture.  I  became  interested,  and,  as  perhaps  you  know,  we 
had  some  experiences  with  fugitive  slaves." 

Eliza  A.  Mowry  to  Mrs.  Chace 

*' North  Scituate,  May  29,  1891.  I  am  greatly  obliged  for 
your  gift,  *  Anti-Slavery  Reminiscences.'  Tomorrow,  I  am 
to  read  selections  from  it  at  the  'Memorial  Exercises'  in  the 
church.  I  have  sometimes  felt  that  Decoration  Day  exercises 
were  wrong,  because  of  their  tendency  to  keep  up  the  feud 
between  North  and  South.  But,  if  by  such  readings,  the  young 

[272] 


can  be  shown  the  cause  of  the  war,  and  incited  to  moral 
bravery  and  patriotism, — that  is  well." 

Catherine  J.  Barker  to  Mus.  Chace 

^^Tiverton,  R.  I.,  29th  May,  1891,  I  remember  when  my 
dear  aunt  Phebe  Jackson  was  almost  ostracized  by  Providence 
society,  for  her  entertainment  in  her  father's  house  of  William 
Lloyd  Garrison  and  his  wife,  Henry  C.  Wright,  the  Grimkes 
and  others.  Such  a  hubbub  as  was  raised  one  evening  at 
Grandfather's,  when  at  the  time  of  a  social  tea-drinking,  Miss 
Ellen  Waterman  unexpectedly  walked  in  accompanied  by 
Charles  Remond !  The  story  went  about  the  next  day  of  a 
party  at  Mr.  Jackson's,  where  'niggers'  and  white  ladies — 
for  the  number  was  multiplied  indefinitely, — walked  around 
arm  in  arm,  etc. 

"Though  an  anti-slavery  man,  my  father  did  not  feel  any 
unity  with  those  who  were  anxious  to  break  the  laws.  He 
desired  that,  obeying  the  Discipline,  he  should  'keep  in  the 
quiet  and  wait  for  Divine  guidance.'  Later  on,  I  remember 
comments  on  Elizabeth  B.  Chace  for  leaving  the  Friends,  and 
my  father's  stopping  the  Liberator,  on  account  of  Garrison's 
infidel  views,  I  was  told,  in  answer  to  my  protest." 

Samuel  May  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^June  Jf.,  1891.  I  have  read  your  little  book  with  the  great- 
est pleasure.  Here  we  find  you  in  your  eighty-fifth  year  writ- 
ing one  of  the  clearest,  most  convincing  and  personally  helpful 
little  works  which  we  have  had.  I  congratulate  you  upon  so 
crowning  your  life-work,  and  I  may  say  sealing  it." 

Apparently  Mrs.  Chace,  when  sending  a  second  copy  of 
her  book  to  Mr.  May,  offered  some  explanation  of  the  fact 
that  his  name  did  not  appear  in  it,  as  one  of  her  remembered 

[273] 


co-workers.  Probably  she  regretted  that  she  had  not  made  a 
place  especially  for  it,  while  calling  his  attention  to  the 
names  she  did  mention  as  being  those  of  frequent  visitors  in 
her  house. 

Samuel  May  to  Mrs.  Chace 

*' Leicester,  June  10,  1891,  I  was  afraid  in  vCriting  you  my 
previous  note,  that  its  coming  might  seem  like  a  suggestion 

that  my  name ! should  have  been  brought  into  your 

Reminiscences,  which  would  be  a  very  poor  result  of  your 
kindness  in  your  gift,  but  I  couldn't  help  writing  the  note. 
And  now  I  lament  all  the  mental  exercise  you  have  gone 
through  in  consequence.  Pray  do  not  give  the  matter  another 
thought. 

"You  are  just  right, —  I  was  in  your  house  only  once; 
but  I  had  seen  you  before,  and  often  since;  and  from  many 
quarters  known  about  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  B.  Chace. 

"And  now  I  am  enriched  by  another  copy  of  your  little 
book,  one  in  firm  covers,  which  will  stand  with  my  best  Memo- 
rials of  the  Anti-Slavery  warfare. 

"I  attended,  yesterday,  the  funeral  of  Wm.  B.  Earle.  He 
was  an  uncompromising  Abolitionist.  The  progress  of  the 
A.  S.  cause,  in  its  earliest  stages,  in  this  southerly  half  of 
Worcester  Co.  was  owing  as  much  to  him,  as  to  any  other 
man.  Abby  Kelley  outranked  all  others,  of  course, — our 
Joan  of  Arc. 

"No,  dear  friend,  I  cannot  now,  if  ever  I  could,  write  the 
history  of  our  'One  Hundred  [A.  S.]  Conventions  [held  in 
one  year,]  in  New  England ;  nor  of  the  renewal  and  repetition 
of  them  in  the  succeeding  years,  until  Daniel  Webster  himself 
was  wearied  and  worried  with  the  'rub-a-dub  agitation,' — a 
most  desirable  result  for  which  we  might  be  devoutly  thankful. 

"I,  several  times,  during  my  agency  of  eighteen  years, 
attempted  to  keep  something  like  a  journal  of  doings,  but  I 

[274] 


never  got  far  with  it.  It  would  not  do  for  me  to  rely  upon 
memory.  My  cousin,  S.  J.  May.  used  to  urge  me  to  write  and 
publish  the  incidents  of  our  contest,  occurring  in  my  own 
experience. 

"  Sarah  Russell  May  is  from  home  or  would  have  a  grateful 
message  for  you." 

Royal  C.  Taft  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'^  Providence,  June  6,  1891.  As  a  young  man  in  Uxbridge, 
I  was  knowing  to  the  efforts  of  the  Anti-Slavery  people  of 
that  section  in  forwarding  the  escaped  slaves  to  a  safe  home 
in  Canada,  in  many  cases  when  the  pursuers  were  close  behind." 

Mrs.  Sophia  L.  Little  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"That  book  is  a  better  memorial  of  you  than  a  monument 
of  marble.  It  is  the  book  for  the  times,  because  the  Southern 
question  is  before  the  Nation.  Slavery  is  about  to  make  its 
1  st  death  struggle.  I  hope  it  will  prove  its  death  struggle. 
It  will  if  the  people  awake,  and  the  spirit  of  your  book  is 
calculated  to  awaken  the  thinking  people  who  are  to  decide 
whether  the  former  slaves  shall  be  really  free  citizens." 

Clara  M.  Holmes  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"It  seems  to  me  the  race  question  is  still  a  very  serious  one. 
I  am  quite  interested  to  know  how  Howells  will  treat  it  in  his 
story  now  running  in  Harper's. 

"Father  read  thy  book  with  intense  interest,  for  he  had 
much  to  do  with  runaway  slaves  in  Ohio  and  here  in  Iowa. 
"Thy  other  daughter," 

George  Thompson  Garrison  to  Mrs.   Chace 

"How  little  tile  present  generation  of  young  people  know 
of  the  Anti-Slavery  struggle  before  the  war!" 

[275] 


Jacob  Bright  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''London,  June  12,  1891. 

"My  dear  Friend:  For  after  reading  your  Anti-Slavery 
Reminiscences,  I  hope  I  may  so  address  you,  thank  you  much 
for  sending  me  this  record  of  a  portion  of  your  life.  I  have 
read  it  with  great  interest;  it  has  served  to  remind  me  of 
persons  and  events  of  which  I  had  a  somewhat  intimate  knowl- 
edge during  your  great  struggle  and  the  terrible  war  which 
followed.  W,  L.  Garrison,  H.  C.  Wright,  Frederick  Douglass, 
and  I  think  a  gentleman  of  the  name  of  Buffum  [doubtless 
James  N.]  have  been,  in  former  days,  my  guests  in  my  old 
home  at  Rochdale. 

"Your  pages  show  what  women  have  done  in  this  great 
cause,  and  you  are  right  in  calling  attention  on  the  last  page 
of  your  Record,  to  'the  work  of  far  wider  significance  to  the 
progress  of  all  mankind  than  was  the  Anti-Slavery  struggle.* 
To  that  work, — the  civil  and  political  equality  of  the  sexes — 
more  influence  is  every  day  being  given  in  England,  and 
though  the  victory  may  yet  be  far  off,  the  educational  advan- 
tages of  the  movement  are  great  and  are  realized  year  by 
year." 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Pease  Nichol  was  eighty-four  years  old 
and  nearly  blind  when  she  dictated  a  letter  from  which  an 
extract  is  here  given. 

Elizabeth  Pease  Nichol  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''Edinburgh  [^Scotland^  June  10,  1891.  The  references  to 
your  noble  Father  are  especially  interesting  to  me,  awaken- 
ing as  they  do  the  remembrance  of  his  work  and  the  perse- 
cution he  underwent  because  of  his  adherence  to  Garrison- 
ianism,  with  which  I  was  once  familiar,  and  which — the 
treatment  he  received  from  the  Society  of  Friends — used  to 
arouse  in  me  no  slight  feelings  of  indignation." 

[276] 


Mrs.  Julia  Severance  Burrage  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''^  June  11^.,  1891.  It  takes  me  back  to  the  days  of  'under- 
ground railroads,'  mobs,  etc.  When  we  came  East  (in  1855) 
we  were  so  nearly  ostracized  for  our  being  Garrisonians  and 
Parkerites  that  I  remember  well  the  feeling  of  isolation  it 
gave,  except  when  we  were  with  our  kind.  Even  we  children 
were  made  to  feel  this  ostracism." 


Parker  Pillsbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'■Concord,  N.  H.,  June  20,  1891.  Among  all  my  Anti- 
Slavery  Reminiscences  yours  seems  the  pleasantest  and  best. 
Brevity  is  the  only  fault  that  can  be  pleaded  against  them. 
They  are  to  the  point  and  purpose  on  every  page.  And  most 
beautifully  gotten  up  too.  You  could  not  have  done  the  work 
better  in  any  part  of  it. 

"You  should  have  been  the  school  mistress,  for  the  writers 
of  those  ponderous  ten  volumes  of  Abraham  Lincoln.  I  am 
glad  Carl  Schurz  criticises  them,  for  too  much  praise  and 
glory,  and  too  much  of  everything.  And  it  seems  to  me  the 
critic  himself  has  not  done  much  better  in  either  particular 
than  they.  I  never  had  any  respect  for  Lincoln  as  an  Aboli- 
tionist. To  the  night  of  his  terrible  taking  off  he  was  a  Coloni- 
zationist,  and  none  of  the  best  even  of  the  supremely  selfish 
colonizationists.  He  was  perhaps  a  little  better  than  'Dred 
Scott'  Taney.  He  would  not  say  'the  black  man  had  no 
rights.'  But  he  always  said  he  would  have  all  the  blacks  held 
only  in  a  serfdom  that  admitted  of  no  right  of  suffrage,  no 
right  as  witnesses  against  white  criminals. 

"His  Lincoln  and  Douglas  Debates  convicted  him  out  of 
his  own  mouth  in  a  way  that  should  have  shamed  Schurz  even, 
into  condemning  him.  And  then  his  Inaugural  Address, 
plunged  him  deeper  in  proslavery  infamy  than  Democrat 
ever  dived,  or  the  slave-holder  ever  desired  him  to  go !    Do 

[277] 


you  still  recollect  that  memorable  State  Document?    Seldom 
has  it  had  a  parallel. 

"But  pardon  me,  this  whole  page  rushed  off  from  my  pen- 
point  in  a  way  wondrous  even  to  myself." 

Having  given  my  opinion  of  Mrs.  Chace's  attitude  towards 
Lincoln  during  the  war ;  and  having  stated  that  she  followed 
Mr.  Phillips  and  Mr.  Pillsbury  in  their  mental  pathway  after 
1862,  I  feel  under  obligation  to  say  in  relation  to  the  above 
letter  that,  while  its  characterization  of  the  Douglas  De- 
bates, of  Lincoln's  first  inaugural  and  of  his  attempts  to 
bring  about  colonization  does  seem  to  me  to  be  true  for  all 
historical  purposes,  it  does  also  seem  to  me  that  in  his  old 
age  Mr.  Pillsbury  confused  some  memories  and  dates,  and 
represented  Lincoln's  objection  to  the  Negro's  enjoyment 
of  full  freedom  in  America  as  more  determined  than  the 
records  quite  warrant  us  in  believing  it  to  have  been. 

Charles  A.  Chase  to  Mrs,  Chace 

"Worcester,  June  ^3,  1891. 
"My  dear  Cousin,  .  .  .  I  will  say  here  that  as  a  contribu- 
tion to  history,  thou  hast  perhaps  builded  better  than  thou 
wist.  So  I  am  going  to  ask  thee  to  mail  a  copy  to  the  American 
Antiquarian  Societ}^  at  Worcester,  and  also  to  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society  at  Boston.  Copies  should  be 
given  to  the  libraries  in  Providence — and  elsewhere.  Do  not 
hesitate  in  the  matter  from  feelings  of  humility." 

Mrs.  Rebecca  Bartlett  Brown  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"June  28^  1891.  I  wanted  to  talk  with  you,  better  than  I 
can  write,  about  your  interesting  book.  Did  you  send  a  copy 
to  G.  W.  Curtis.''  Doctor  Channing  has  some  reminiscences 
known  to  no  other  one  now  living,  which  he  intends,  with  the 
aid  of  his  daughter,  to  write  out,  and  I  hope  he  will  not 

[278] 


neglect  it  too  long.  My  friend  Mrs.  Whiting  writes  to  me, 
'I  want  to  thank  you  for  sending  me  Mrs.  Chace's  Remi- 
niscences. I  took  it  from  Mr.  Whittier's  hand  and  read  it 
through  at  once.'" 

George  William  Curtis  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^June  29,  1891.  I  have  read  your  little  volume  with  very 
great  interest  and  pride,  as  a  man,  an  American  and  a  Rhode 
Islander.  To  receive  your  book  as  a  friendly  gift  is  to  have 
the  hand  of  benediction  laid  upon  my  head." 

Frank  J.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^July  6,  1891.  Among  the  friends  abroad  to  whom  I  sent 
your  Reminiscences  were  Alfred  Webb — now  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Commons,  and  Miss  Estlin;  and  I  have  received 
acknowledgments  from  them  both.  Alfred  writes:  'Many 
thanks  for  the  delightful  Reminiscences  you  sent  me.  They 
quite  brought  my  heart  into  my  mouth,  at  the  associations 
they  called  up  in  my  mind.' 

"Miss  Estlin  writes,  'How  sad  a  picture  Mrs.  Chace  draws 
of  the  pro-slavery  spirit  of  the  Friends,  which  is  always 
stoutly  denied  by  their  English  brethren.'" 

John  G.  Whittier  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''Wakefield,  N.  H.,  July  16th,  1891.  Thy  Book  thou  so 
kindly  sent  me  several  weeks  ago  reached  me  at  Danvers,  and 
I  thank  thee  very  much  for  thus  remembering  me.  I  have  read 
the  book  with  great  interest,  reviving  as  it  does  many  stirring 
incidents  of  a  most  eventful  period  in  our  history,  and  in 
which  thou  so  largely  shared. 

"I  should  have  acknowledged  thy  kindness  at  once,  but 
for  the  press  of  my  correspondence,  and  my  unusual  feeble- 
ness.   I  am  now  with  my  cousins  Joseph  and  Gertrude  Cart- 

[279] 


land  at  this  quiet  spot  among  the  New  Hampshire  hills,  hoping 
to  gain  some  strength  from  this  bracing  mountain  air. 

"It  always  gives  me  pleasure  to  hear  from  thee  and  thy 
family;  the  old  associations  are  none  the  less  precious  for 
our  added  years.  With  love  to  thyself  and  family  in  which 
my  cousins  join  I  am 

"Affectionately  thy  friend" 

Frederick  Douglass  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  JmZz/  31st,  1891.  Your  name  was  on  my  lips  at  the  break- 
fast table.  Mrs.  Douglass,  her  sister  Jane,  Miss  Joy,  a  guest, 
and  Estelle,  my  granddaughter,  were  at  table,  and  I  had 
hardly  ceased  giving  reminiscences  of  you,  when  your  Anti- 
Slavery  Reminiscences  came  to  us  from  the  post  office. 

"I  hope  to  see  you  before  we  go  hence.  Now  tell  me  that 
you  mean  to  celebrate  your  ninetieth  birthday,  and  make  me 
happy ! " 

E.  Hicks  Trueblood  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  Hitchcock,  Indiana,  8th  mo.,  1^,  1891.  My.  father  with 
two  other  men,  and  their  good  wives,  Wm.  J.  Trueblood  and 
James  L.  Thompson,  helped  to  prepare  the  way  for  the  free- 
dom of  several  hundred  slaves.  They  kept  the  first  depot  the 
poor  slaves  could  rest  at  after  leaving  their  masters." 

Edward  Clifford  to  ]Mrs.   Chace 

^^ London.  Thy  book  has  just  arrived  and  I  must  send  a 
word  of  thanks  by  today's  mail,  though  I  have  onl^'^  had  time 
to  glance  through  it,  and  to  find  that  I  like  it  very  much 
indeed.  The  subject  is  so  stirring,  the  style  so  simple,  the 
facts  so  convincing,  and  the  pride  so  natural,  even  if  it  were 
not  written  by  a  dear  old  valued  friend  I  should  prize  it  for 
its  own  sake,  and  now  much  more  so  for  thine." 

[280  ] 


Mrs.  Margaret  Clifford  Williams  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'Bristol,  [Eng.^  Aug.  1^,  1891.  I  read  your  book  with 
great  pleasure.  .  .  .  We  are  longing  to  know  what  will  be 
done  about  the  opium  trade  which  is  such  an  awful  blot  upon 
us  in  England. 

"Edward  has  just  returned  from  Belgium,  where  he  has 
been  staying  with  a  painter  friend  in  Brussels,  and  has  found 
a  good  deal  to  interest  him.  We  hope  to  have  him  with  us 
soon.  My  four  children  are  very  fond  of  him,  he  is  such  a 
good,  kind  uncle  to  them." 

Parker  Pillsbury  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  October  10th,  1891.  An  invitation  from  Capt.  Russell 
and  Mrs.  Marston,  lately  carried  me  to  Cape  Cod  for  a  week 
or  ten  days,  my  visitings  extending  as  far  as  Harwich. 

"We  drove  twice  to  Osterville  passing  your  spacious  house 
there.  We  all  wished  I  had  come  sooner  and  I  the  more  wished 
so,  when  told  that  you  had  converted  your  commodious  par- 
lor into  a  Temple  for  First  Day  worship. 

"Your  beautiful  little  chapter  of  Anti-Slavery  Reminis- 
cences greatly  interested  us  all. 

"Probably  you  have  received  a  copy  of  my  lecture  on  'the 
Popular  Religion,  and  What  Instead.'  With  this  will  be 
mailed  a  copy  of  the  third  edition  made  necessary,  because 
the  two  former  had  not  proper  protest  against  war,  for  a 
What  Instead.  So  I  added  some  pages  after  the  23rd  and 
should  be  glad  to  know  how  the  Tragedy  of  Calvary,  in  its 
three  acts,  strikes  the  minds  of  yourself  and  household. 

"We  are  all  in  usual  health,  and  I  am  still  able  to  do  some 
Parlor  work  as  well  as  something  at  Correspondence." 

The  following  passages  from  a  paper  written  by  Mrs. 
Chace,  a  year  or  two  previous  to  her  Reminiscences,  are  given 

[281  ] 


here,   because   this   place   seems   fitting   to   such   reverential 
effort  to  carve  in  words  a  lasting  statue  of  .       ' 

ABBY    KELLEY    FOSTER 

"She  had  a  high  and  holy  mission,  and  she  pursued  it 
cheerfully  and  bravely,  seldom  speaking  of  the  obstacles  in 
her  way.  There  was  no  fund  wherewith  to  give  salaries  to 
anti-slavery  speakers,  and  had  there  been,  I  think  she  would 
have  refused  payment  for  her  services.  She  went  forth  to 
preach  the  Anti-Slavery  gospel ;  and  she  was  largely  imbued 
with  tlie  Quaker  sentiment  that  to  receive  pay  for  preaching 
was  wrong.  She  had  no  money  for  traveling  expenses  or  hotel 
bills.  But  in  nearly  every  town  some  friend  could  be  found  who 
would  give  her  board  and  lodging,  and  carry  her  to  the  next 
place  of  meeting ;  and  where  none  such  appeared,  she  made 
her  way  as  best  she  could,  and  often  fared  as  women  who  go 
forth  now  in  the  interests  of  reform  have  no  conception  of. 
Meeting-houses  were,  of  course,  almost  universally  closed 
against  her.  Even  where  a  solitary  church  had  declared 
itself  opposed  to  slavery,  she  was  refused  admittance  on 
account  of  her  sex.  Schoolhouses  could  often  be  obtained, 
and  now  and  then  a  hall.  But,  wherever  and  whenever  she 
could  draw  a  few  people  together,  she  told  them  of  the  wrongs 
of  the  slave,  and  the  guilt  of  the  supporters  of  the  slave  sys- 
tem. When  her  garments  became  old  and  worn  she  went  to 
her  sister,  did  her  sewing,  her  house-cleaning,  or  any  other 
useful  work,  and,  with  what  she  thus  earned,  she  replenished 
her  wardrobe  and  went  out  again  on  her  appointed  mission. 
When  the  American  Anti-Slavery  Society  needed  a  printing- 
press,  and  was  otherwise  in  peril  for  lack  of  funds,  Abby 
Kelley,  who  had  received  from  her  mother  a  legacy  of  a  thou- 
sand dollars,  poured  it  all  into  the  treasury  of  the  society, 
being  glad  that  she  had  it  to  bestow. 

"After  her  marriage  to  Stephen  S.  Foster  she  left  her 

[  282  1 


AHUV    Kr;i.l.KY    rOSTF.R 


public  work  temporarily  to  become  the  most  exact  and  care- 
ful of  homemakers.  When  her  only  child  was  old  enough  to 
be  entrusted  to  another's  care,  she  took  her  to  New  Hamp- 
shire to  her  husband's  sister,  and,  with  a  heart  almost  break- 
ing at  the  separation,  she  went  forth  again  on  the  mission  to 
which  she  believed  herself  called.  On  her  journey  homeward 
she  met  a  friend,  who  exclaimed:  'How  can  you  leave  your 
baby  to  go  out  again  lecturing?'  and  she  replied,  almost 
choking  with  emotion:  'For  the  sake  of  the  mothers  who  are 
robbed  of  all  their  children.' 

"The  women  of  this  land  owe  to  this  woman,  more  than  to 
any  other  human  being,  a  debt  of  gratitude  for  the  doors  she 
opened  for  them  to  enter,  for  the  paths  she  made  smooth  for 
them,  Avith  her  own  bleeding  feet,  for  the  courage  and  the 
conscientiousness  and  the  faithfulness  with  which,  amid  per- 
secution and  reviling,  she  made  the  way  clear  for  them  to 
walk  safely,  where  she  encountered  what  to  them  would  now 
seem  insurmountable  difficulties. 

"Her  sympathies  and  her  strong  influence  were  given  to 
all  reforms — temperance,  social  purity,  and  whatever  con- 
duces to  human  welfare ;  and  to  all  she  contributed  the  un- 
compromising support  of  her  earnest,  unwavering  spirit. 
Let  her  name  stand  high  on  our  record  of  love  and  of  honor." 


[283] 


CHAPTER   TWENTY-NINTH 

Effort  foe  Presidential  Suffrage  for  Women  ;  Anec- 
dotes ABOUT  THE  ArNOLDS  ;  MiNOR  INCIDENTS  AND  COR- 
RESPONDENCE; Letter  to  the  Danvers  Historical 
Society  ;  In  the  Valley  of  the  Shadow  of  Death  ; 
Correspondence  ;  Partial  Convalescence  ;  Faithful 
Attendance;  Her  Last  Memorial  to  the  Rhode 
Island  Legislature;  Letter  of  Resignation  of  the 
Presidency  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman's  Suffrage 
Association  ;  Her  Resignation  Not  Accepted  ;  Deci- 
sion TO  Retain  Her  as  President  so  Long  as  She 
Should  Live  ;    Verses 

IX  the  year  1892  an  effort  was  made  to  obtain  Presidential 
Suffrage  in  Rhode  Island  for  women.  The  question  came 
before  the  Legislature,  a  committee  was  appointed,  hear- 
ings were  granted,  and  at  one  of  them  Mrs.  Chace,  in  spite  of 
her  advanced  age,  made  an  address. 

The  summer  of  this  year  was  spent  at  Wianno  as  usual  and, 
during  a  day  passed  at  the  summer  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Herbert  Morse  in  Cotuit,  Mrs.  Chace  met  Mary  E.  Wilkins. 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^ Bonny  Haven  Barn  [Cotuit^,  Aug.  10th.  I  want  just  to 
remind  thee  that  next.  Monday  will  be  thy  day.  Thy  day  will 
be  our  happiest  one  of  all  the  summer.  I  believe  even  the 
squirrel  is  making  resolutions  to  do  his  prettiest.  So  think 
how  excellent  it  is  for  our  characters  to  do  thee  honor,  and 
that  by  insisting  upon  having  everything  thee  wants  thee 

[284] 


advances  the  cause  of  morality  and  promotes  a  high  standard 
of  living  and  thinking.  'Promotes'  is  not  quite  the  word — 
how  is  'elevates'?  Hoping  this  will  stimulate  thy  will  in  the 
right  and  proper  way,  I  am  thine  with  true  love." 


Mrs.  Chace  to  

''Valley  Falls,  12th  mo.,  28th,  1892. 

''Dear  Cousin:  I  am  always  pleased  to  find  new  relatives, 
especially,  if  they  are  after  my  own  heart.  I  am  glad  thee 
believes  in  Woman  Suffrage. 

"  Now,  about  the  Arnolds,  I  knew  we  had  a  Welsh  king  for 
ancestor.  I  wonder  what  sort  of  a  man  he  was.  Being  a  king 
doesn't  prove  him  to  have  been  an  ancestor  to  be  proud  of. 
Judge  Peleg  Arnold  was  brother  to  my  grandmother  Buffum. 
There  was  a  Cyrus  Arnold  in  Smithfield,  cotemporary  with 
my  grandparents,  who  had  five  daughters,  very  handsome 
girls,  who  married  five  brothers  named  Aldrich,  well-to-do 
farmers.  The  tradition  is  that  the  five  brothers  all  'went 
courting'  the  five  Arnold  girls  at  one  time.  They  were  women 
that  spun  and  wove,  baked,  brewed,  washed  and  ironed,  and 
talked  politics,  and  in  every  way  looked  well  to  their  house- 
holds, and  when  they  married,  'brought  their  husbands  a 
handsome  property,'  and  never  thought  of  voting.  Now,  I 
suppose,  I  shall  surprise  thee,  by  telling  thee  that  I  am 
eighty-six  years  old;  that  people  flatter  me  by  telling  me  I 
have  lost  none  of  my  faculties, —  though  I  am  sure  it  is  not 
true.  Our  folks  were  Quakers ;  and  I  left  the  Society  in  Anti- 
Slavery  times,  when  the  Friends  had  become  pro-slavery.  I 
always  now  say  'you'  to  strangers,  but  as  soon  as  I  get  on 
friendly  terms  with  anybody,  I,  involuntarily,  say  'thee,'  and 
when  I  began  this  letter  'Dear  Cousin,'  I  fell  into  the  Quaker 
dialect  without  thinking." 


[285] 


Maey  E.  Wilkins  to  Mas.  Chace 

^^Jan.  3rd,  1893.  Indeed  I  have  not  forgotten  all  about 
you.  Since  our  meeting  in  the  barn  at  Cotuit,  I  have  thought 
of  you,  and  often  wished  I  could  see  you  all  again. 

"Now,  I  thank  you  most  warmly  for  your  kind  invitation 
to  make  you  a  visit,  and  only  wish  I  could  give  myself  the 
pleasure.  But,  I  am  just  now  in  such  a  rush  of  work  as  never 
was  with  me.  I  have  a  novel  to  finish  as  soon  as  may  be,  and 
that  is  probably  not  for  some  time  to  come,  as  it  turns  out 
more  work  than  I  expected.  It  is  impossible  for  me  to  get 
away,  and  I  am  very,  very  sorry." 

The  following  letter  belongs  to  this  general  period  of  Mrs. 
Chace's  effort. 

TO  Mrs.  Chace 

"I  thank  you  sincerely  for  your  kind  letter  to  me.  Of  all 
the  hundreds  and  hundreds  of  letters  that  have  come  to  me, 
there  is  not  one  that  I  appreciate  above  yours. 

"Your  letter  made  me  feel,  if  possible,  more  earnestly  that 
I  am  pledged  to  be  a  strong  and  good  citizen. 

"Mrs.  Chace,  after  such  sorrow  and  suffering,  starting  over 
again  is  terrific !  I  despair  every  other  hour  in  the  day  and 
night.  The  fluctuation  of  my  strengths  and  weaknesses 
appalls  me.  A  ship  rocks  when  it  is  anchored,  and  I  try  every 
way  to  make  myself  realize  that  I  am  anchored  now. 

"I  wish  I  had  your  record  of  eighty  years  of  fine  work." 

In  1893  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  to  Dr.  Andrews,  President  of 
Brown  University,  that  she  would  offer  a  prize  to  be  given  to 
the  member  of  the  Freshman  class  of  that  year  who  should 
produce  the  best  essay  against  the  use  of  tobacco,  and  con- 
siderable correspondence  ensued.  We  quote  from  one  letter 
only. 

[286] 


Dr.  E.  Benjamin  Andrews  to  Mrs.  Chace 
^^  April  7,  1893.    I  announced  the  prizes  yesterday.    You 
will  be  gratified  to  learn  that  upon  show  of  hands,  certainly 
not  more  than  one-fifth  of  the  Freshman  class  use  tobacco  in 
any  form. 

"Now  to  the  principal  purpose  of  my  note, — to  inquire 
whether  it  would  suit  you  to  admit  the  Freshman  women  to 
this  competition.  I  have  no  preference  one  way  or  the  other, 
but  venture  to  call  your  attention  to  the  question." 

In  the  spring  of  this  year  Mrs.  Chace  received  an  invita- 
tion to  attend  a  Commemorative  meeting  of  the  Old  Anti- 
Slavery  Days  held  by  the  Danvers  Historical  Society.  In 
answer  to  this  invitation  she  sent  her  last  great  word  upon 
the  cause,  whose  service  she  had  inherited  from  her  ancestors, 
shared  with  her  husband,  and  taught  as  holiest  duty  to  her 
children.  It  sounds  like  a  Recessional  hymn  floating  back- 
ward through  the  church  of  life. 

From  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace 
[Extracts] 

''Valley  Falls,  R.  I.  April  18,  1893.  It  is  with  extreme 
regret  that  I  am  obliged  to  deny  myself  the  great  happiness 
it  would  be  to  me  to  unite  with  the  dear  old  friends  in  com- 
memorating the  great  struggle  for  human  freedom  in  which 
it  was  my  blessed  privilege  to  bear  an  humble  part.   .   .   . 

"  No  guests  were  ever  more  welcome  to  my  door,  than  were 
those  who  came  in  the  darkness  of  night  to  escape  from  the 
human  bloodhounds  who  were  seeking  for  prey.  No  ministers 
of  the  Gospel  brought  me  so  acceptable  instruction  as  did 
the  self-sacrificing  teachers  of  the  Gospel  of  Freedom.  To 
me,  as  to  many  others,  it  was  a  liberal  education.   .   .   . 

"That  so  many  of  those  early  workers  have  passed  away, 
will  cast  a  shadow  on  the  brightness  of  the  occasion.   .   .   . 

[287] 


"Those  of  us  who  still  remain  on  the  earth,  but  are  denied 
the  pleasure  of  this  reunion,  will  miss  the  hearty  handshakings 
and  greetings  of  the  day  but  we  will  enjoy  them  in  spirit,  and 
we  will  wish  for  you  all  the  brightest  of  skies,  the  loveliest  of 
southwesterly  breezes  and  the  warmest  expressions  of  friend- 
ship." 

Andrew  Carnegie  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^July  13th,  1893.  Your  letter  has  given  me  great  pleas- 
ure, but  alas,  as  for  aiding  any  cause !  My  surplus  for  a  long 
time  is  already  pledged.  How  to  meet  the  monthly  bills  of 
two  libraries  now  building  is  the  question.  I  am  over  two 
millions  of  dollars  deep  in  engagements  for  these,  and  the 
Steel  business  is  down  to  one  pound  of  steel  for  one  cent, — 
practically  the  British  price.  Where  is  the  money  to  come 
from.''  Well,  it  will  come, —  it  always  has,  and  it  will  as  it  is 
wanted,  but  like  Rip  Van  Winkle,  I  have  had  to  'swear  off' 
drinking  at  the  most  seductive  spring  of  all, — giving.  I  see 
so  many  things  I  feel  that  I  must  give  to,  that  I  have  been 
over  pledged  for  years, 

"I  should  so  much  like  to  see  you.  Mrs.  Carnegie's  grand- 
mother is  just  ninety,  and  writes  as  well  as  you.  Every  age 
has  its  crown,  but  old  age  crowns  all.  I  worship  the  'old  Lady.' 
My  Madonnas  are  all  Octogenarians. 

"Our  labor  troubles  have  placed  me  and  Mrs.  Carnegie  in 
purgatory, —  or  worse — .  Never  had  such  a  trial  to  endure, 
and  all  so  unnecessary. 

"Really,  if  I  go  to  Boston  I'll  call  and  pay  my  reverential 
rites  at  your  shrine." 

L.  E.  Baker  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"xVor.  8th,  1893.  Your  letter  of  Aug.  8th  was  received,  and 
its  cordial  interest  in  St.  Andrew's  School  was  most  grateful. 
Mr.  Chapin  does  not  wish  direct  appeals  for  money  yet. 

"He  would  gladly  call  upon  you,  but  from  Barrington  to 

[288] 


Valley  Falls  is  quite  a  trip.  Would  it  be  possible  for  him  to 
come  to  Providence,  some  day  when  you  are  coming  there? 
If  it  would  not  be  too  much  trouble  for  you  to  climb  the  stairs 
to  Mr.  Gregory's  library,  over  the  book  store,  you  could  have 
a  quiet  little  talk  there.  I  crave  for  him  the  friendship  of  one 
so  well  known  as  yourself  in  philanthropic  work." 

St.  Andrew's  School  was  founded  and  managed  by  Mr. 
Chapin  as  a  place  where  unruly  boys  who  might  otherwise 
fall  under  penal  correction,  could  be  sent  for  educational 
experiment.  Mrs.  Chace  felt  great  interest  in  it,  and  she  and 
Captain  Wyman  together  got  at  least  one  boy  sent  there 
rather  than  to  the  Reform  Scliool  for  a  childish  misdemeanor. 

It  is  very  likely  that  Mrs.  Chace  out  of  her  abundant  philan- 
thropy did  make  the  effort  to  meet  Mr.  Chapin  in  Providence, 
but  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  earnest  writer  of  the  above  letter 
did  not  realize  that  it  was  an  invalid  woman,  eighty-seven 
years  old,  who  was  asked  to  go  miles  and  climb  stairs,  in 
order  to  save  Mr.  Chapin  from  traveling  the  same  number  of 
miles  and  not  find  a  staircase  at  their  end. 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  ]\Iorse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''[New  York]  Nov.  23rd  11893].  We  had  a  rare  evening 
last  First  Day,  and  thee  ought  to  have  been  here,  sitting  in 
the  easy-chair,  that  ^Mother  embroidered,  with  thy  knitting, 
and  thy  read}^  stor}'  to  tell.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Jefferson 
and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sol  Smith  Russell  were  the  centre  of 
attraction.  Mr.  Russell  is  an  actor  of  Jefferson's  school  and 
his  very  dearly  beloved  friend, — a  most  interesting  man  and 
one  who  impresses  us  as  a  noble  character.  In  the  circle  about 
them  were  Howells,  young  Mr.  Houghton,  Wm.  Carey — of 
'the  Century,^ — and  a  group  of  nice  young  people.  Mrs. 
Russell  and  Mrs.  Jefferson  acted  as  prompters,  reminding 
their  husbands  of  stories  to  tell,  and  I  can  tell  thee,  the  wit 

[  289  ] 


sparkled.  If  only  Mr.  Wj'man  had  been  here !  I  would  dearly 
love  to  sit  by  and  watch  how  he  and  those  three — Jefferson, 
Russell  and  Howells — would  enjoy  one  another.  I  never  saw 
Howclls  so  genial,  so  sunny,  and  he  told  beautiful  stories  too. 
Next  First  Day  we  shall  have  the  Stocktons  with  us  and 
Mr.  Russell  will  come  again. 

"Oh  what  a  beautiful  story  Mrs.  Wellington  wrote  me 
about  thy  presiding  at  the  Annual  Suffrage  meeting.  I  wish 
I  had  been  there  to  see." 

As  a  presiding  officer  over  public  meetings,  Mrs.  Chace's 
manner  was  that  of  serene  dignity.  She  made  no  parlia- 
mentary mistakes,  and  showed  no  nervous  embarrassment. 
When  managing  discussions  in  small  and  informal  meetings 
or  the  councils  of  committees,  she  was  wholly  impartial,  and 
while  she  kept  talkers  to  the  proper  subject,  she  was  ad- 
mirably complaisant  to  all  natural  and  minor  expression  of 
individuality'.  I  have  seen  more  fascinating  presidential  man- 
ner but  never  one  that  was  really  finer  than  hers. 

She  was  more  completely  devoid  of  the  especially  feminine 
desire  to  attract  admiration  or  attention  to  herself,  than 
almost  any  other  woman  I  ever  saw.  I  do  not  remember  ever 
to  have  seen  her,  when  the  least  gesture,  pose,  look  or  move- 
ment seemed  to  say,  "Regard  me,  now,  and  let  me  know  if  my 
manner,  apparel,  my  face  or  voice  has  gained  favor  for  me 
or  for  my  cause."  She  faced  the  world,  and  all  its  folk,  some- 
times bravely,  sometimes  bashfully,  sometimes  with  grand 
and  sometimes  with  awkward  demeanor,  but  always  as  a  soul 
to  be  considered,  and  not  exactly  as  a  person  to  be  either 
commended  or  criticized. 

Frank  J.  Gakrisox  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Rockledge,  Dec.  9,  1893.  I  did  not  mean  to  let  you  pass 
your  87th  milestone  without  standing  by  it  at  the  moment 
and  saluting  you  with  lifted  hat  and — not  a  'three  times 

[  290  ] 


three,'  but  a  three  times  twenty-nine !  But  I  know  you  will 
forgive  me  for  having  let  the  planning  for  our  Suffrage  Tea 
Party  at  Faneuil  Hall  drive  the  date  from  my  mind  for  the 
moment,  and  will  allow  me  to  chase  after  you  and  give  you  my 
cheers  and  heartfelt  rejoicings  that  you  are  travelling  on 
towards  the  88th  milestone  with  such  erect  and  soldierly/ 
bearing.  If  you  will  allow  me,  I  will  follow  after  you  as  nearly 
as  I  can,  and  strive  to  catch  the  secret  of  perpetual  youth, 
and  perpetual  progress  which  you  surely  possess. 

"I  had  forgotten  that  you  were  born  just  a  day  less  than 
a  year  after  m}"^  dear  father,  who  is  celebrating  his  88th  anni- 
versary in  that  other  sphere  of  activity  to  which  dear  Lucy 
Stone  looked  forward  with  such  serene  confidence  and  joy. 
If,  as  she  anticipated,  they  are  too  busy  there  to  come  back 
and  look  in  upon  us,  how  pleasant  it  would  be  to  peep  in  upon 
them  for  a  day !  But  we  have  our  work  still,  and  must  keep 
pegging  away  to  try  and  make  the  world  better,  and  after  all, 
as  Phillips  Brooks  said,  'What  fun  it  is!'  I  think  few  have 
got  more  delight  out  of  it  than  you  have,  and  it  is  lovely  to 
us  all  to  see  with  what  keen  and  unimpaired  zest  you  still 
throw  3'ourself  into  the  fray,  and  to  feel  that  you  will  keep 
on  doing  it  until  you  are  mustered  out  and  promoted  to  a 
higher  service." 

The  summer  of  1893  was  the  last  which  Mrs.  Chace  spent 
on  Cape  Cod.  Her  two  daughters,  neither  of  whom  was  at  all 
well,  remained  a  few  weeks  longer  than  she  did  at  Osterville, 
and  then  both  joined  her  at  Valley  Falls,  where  Mrs.  Tolman 
made  a  short  visit  before  returning  to  West  Newton. 

Captain  Wyman  was  still  at  the  Chicago  Exposition,  where 
he  was  Commissioner  from  Rhode  Island.  Before  he  came 
back,  it  was  decided  that  he  and  Mrs.  W^yman  should  not  go 
into  their  own  house  for  the  winter.  They  intended  to  go 
South  in  the  late  autumn,  but  because  of  various  business 

[  291  ] 


reasons  they  stayed  with  Mrs.  Chace  nearly  the  whole  winter, 
only  making  a  brief  trip  to  Georgia. 

Mrs.  Chace's  health  failed  seriously  during  that  fall,  and 
she  became  subject  to  severe  attacks  the  cause  of  which  was 
obscure. 

Early  in  March,  1894,  she  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Providence 
Journal  commending  the  action  of  Mrs.  Margaret  B. 
Gorman,  who  had  appealed  to  the  town  council  of  East 
Greenwich  for  an  abatement  of  her  taxes  on  the  ground  that 
licensed  liquor  selling  had  injured  the  value  of  her  property. 

On  March  27th  she  wrote  again  replying  to  a  question 
which  the  Journal  had  asked  editorially  in  reference  to  the 
implication  in  her  former  letter  about  Mrs.  Gorman  that  the 
men  of  the  town  were  to  blame  for  having  granted  licenses  for 
selling  liquor. 

In  answering,  Mrs.  Chace  said,  "Men  and  women  are 
endowed  with  different  qualities  and  qualifications  which  are 
all  needed  to  make  complete  any  social  or  political  organ- 
ization." 

Holding  this  belief,  that  men  and  women  had  different 
capacities  she  was  inclined  to  think  that  in  some  depart- 
ments of  government,  women  would  do  better  than  men  had 
done. 

Mrs.  Chace  retained  her  interest  in  Miss  Emma  Carr,  who 
was  then  fitting  herself  to  become  a  public  school  teacher,  and 
invited  her  to  become  a  member  of  the  household,  where  she 
proved  to  be  very  helpful. 

Mrs.  Chace  was  suddenly  taken  very  ill  early  in  July,  and 
nobody  expected  her  to  rally  from  that  illness.  Mrs.  Tolman 
came  from  West  Newton  and  spent  the  rest  of  the  summer 
in  Valley  Falls.  About  a  week  after  the  above  mentioned 
attack,  the  family  engaged  a  trained  nurse,  who  within  the 
first  twenty-four  hours  of  her  service  gave  the  invalid  such  an 
overdose  of  morphine  that  the  doctor  thought  the  effect  must 

[  292  ] 


I 


be  fatal.  His  instructions  were  to  keep  her  awake  if  possible. 
Mrs.  Wyman,  Mrs.  Tolman,  Miss  Carr  and  Miss  Tillinghast 
worked  over  her  for  hours,  compelling  her  attention  while 
she  begged  them  to  let  her  sleep.  When  the  danger  was  over 
Mrs.  Wyman  made  arrangements  so  that  such  a  mistake 
could  not  happen  again. 

It  was  soon  found  necessary  to  have  two  nurses  and  during 
all  that  summer  the  constant  attendance  of  one  or  two  other 
persons  was  needed. 

About  the  middle  of  July  many  of  her  intimate  friends, 
hearing  that  she. was  in  imminent  danger,  wrote  to  her,  and 
though  that  especial  crisis  passed  letters  continued  to  come 
to  her ;  some  of  which  are  here  given. 

The  doctor  was  Augustine  A.  Mann,  who  had  attended  her 
since  the  death  of  Dr.  Lloyd  Morton,  and  was  unto  the  end 
a  very  true  and  helpful  friend. 

Rev.  Charles  G.  Ames  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Wianno,  July  15, 1894,. 

^^Dear  Young  Friend:  I  must  call  you  young  for  more 
reasons  than  one.  First,  because  you  are  one  of  my  recent 
discoveries — a  friend  newly  found,  and  not  yet  half  grown 
in  our  acquaintance.  But  you  are  also  young  because  your 
spirit  is  fresh  as  a  child's.  And  I  think  you  are  young  in  the 
feeling  that  all  your  years  of  experience  have  only  brought  a 
beginning  of  the  real  life,  and  that  the  earth  is  only  a  primary 
school  where  we  pick  up  the  alphabet. 

"Dear  Lucy  Stone's  sweet  confidence,  that  she  should  find 
more  work  awaiting  her  in  the  new  life,  to  which  she  was  going 
must  have  touched  you  in  a  pleasant  way;  for  I  am  sure  that 
you  could  hardl}^  feel  at  home  in  a  heaven  of  indolence  and 
mere  psalm  singing.  Yet  my  dear  friend,  I  would  gladly  join 
you  in  some  less  exacting  and  less  anxious  activities  than  those 
which  are  imposed  on  us  by  the  sins  and  follies  which  we  share 

[  293  ] 


with  mankind;  and  there  is  one  stanza  of  Dr.  Watts  which  I 
can  sing  without  an  inward  protest: 

"  'Then  shall  I  see  and  hear  and  know 
All  I  desired  or  wished  below, 
And  every  power  find  sweet  employ 
In  that  Eternal  world  of  joy.'  " 

William  Lloyd  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"^Osterville,  July  15,  189 Jf..  How  much  we  miss  you !  Sab- 
batia  Cottage  has  lost  its  charm,  and  when  Sunday  evening 
comes  we  have  no  place  to  go  to.  We  should  have  had  a  rare 
season  had  you  been  here,  with  the  Charles  G.  Ameses  and 
Anna  Shaw,  Susan  B.  Anthony  and  the  Conways  to  come." 

Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"OflA:  Glen,  Newport,  July  17th,  1894.  I  ani  grieved  in- 
deed to  hear  of  your  continued  illness.  You  have  had  other 
visitations  of  this  kind,  but  have  always  rallied  from  them  in 
a  wonderful  way.  How  happy  has  it  been  for  you  that  you 
have  escaped  the  mental  and  moral  limitations  of  invalidism, 
and  have  always  kept  your  outlook  beyond  the  bounds  of 
personal  suffering  and  inconvenience,  embracing  in  your  re- 
gard all  the  widespread  interests  of  Humanity. 

"I  prize  the  remembrance  of  the  occasions,  too  few  in 
number,  in  whose  work  I  have  participated  by  your  invita- 
tion, usually  aided  by  your  presence.  It  is  grievous  to  all  of 
us  who  love  noble  work  to  give  it  up,  but  I,  for  one,  am  con- 
fident that  the  influence  of  a  good  and  earnest  life  is  some- 
thing very  solid,  built  into  the  community  to  whose  welfare 
it  has  been  dedicated,  and  far  outlasting,  in  its  uplifting 
power,  the  term  of  years  of  our  mortal  life. 

"You,  dear  Mrs.  Chace,  have  not  only  had  the  joy  of 
helping  the  good  cause  in  its  various  forms,  but  also  that 

[294] 


of  helping  it  when  'days  Avere  dark  and  friends  were  few.' 
You  have  been  a  leading  spirit  in  the  noble  band  of  pioneers, 
who  have  done  so  much  to  forward  the  new  civilization,  which 
is  building  itself' above  the  old  time  barbarism.  You  ought 
to  be  able  to  look  back  upon  your  brave  and  faithful  life 
with  satisfaction,  if  any  one  of  us  can. 

"Looking  forward,  I  do  believe  in  the  dear  Christ's  saying, 
that  'eye  hath  not  seen  nor  ear  heard  the  good  things  pre- 
pared of  God  for  those  that  love  Him.'  And  surely,  those 
who  have  truly  loved  their  fellow  creatures  have  loved  Him. 

"I  do  indeed  hope  that  I  shall  see  your  face  again,  but  if 
I  should  not,  I  shall  think  of  you  as  comforted  with  sweet 
and  abiding  peace,  and  as  inheriting  the  promises  which 
made  Paul  say  that  'to  die  is  gain.'  Your  loving  friend  of 
many  years." 

Alice  Stone  Blackwell  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"  Jm/^/  18,  189 Jf..  To  me  you  have  always  been  one  of  those 
few  old  ladies  who  rob  old  age  of  its  terrors.  You  were  one 
of  the  women  whom  my  Mother  most  loved  and  honored. 
You  must  try  to  get  well  for  all  our  sakcs.  But  if  it  be 
otherwise — if  you  meet  my  Mother,  give  her  my  love,  and 
tell  her  that  Papa  and  I  are  trying  to  do  as  she  would  have 
had  us  do." 

Henry  B.  Blackwell  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''July  20,  1894,  Alice  has  had  a  letter  from  .Mrs.  Tol- 
man,  saying  that  you  are  very  ill.  As  I  know  liow  Lucy 
would  feel,  if  she  were  here,  I  write  as  she  would  have  written. 

"It  must  be  a  satisfaction  to  you  in  these  hours  of  weak- 
ness and  suffering  to  remember  how  you  and  vour  dear  fatlicr 
before  you  have  given  time,  thouglit  and  money  to  help 
those  who  cannot  help  themselves.  When  you  go  on  to  join 
Lucy,  tell  her  for  me  that  I  will  keep  lier  flag  flying  as  long 
as  I  live." 

f  29.')  1 


In  one  of  Mrs.  Chace's  weakest  moments,  when  death 
seemed  near,  she  whispered  to  me:  "Give  my  love  to 
Mr.  May.     He  was  always  so  kind  and  helpful." 

Samuel  May  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"^^  August  9,  189 Jf..  Your  note  comes  by  this  evening's  mail, 
and  I  am  deeply  grateful  for  your  dear  and  honored 
Mother's  remembrance;  that  she  should  have  sent  her 
thoughts  to  me  in  these  sacred  hours,  through  which  she  is 
passing  now,  is  a  new  honor,  and  one  of  the  crowning  satis- 
factions which  are  granted  me,  as  I  too  am  ceasing  from  my 
labors.  I  have  known  of  your  Mother's  illness  from  an  early 
day  of  it, —  from  Frank  J.  G[arrison],  who  is  ever  doing 
thoughtful  things. 

"It  is  most  hopeful  and  gratifying  to  hear  of  the  peace  in 
which  she  abides,  and  of  the  great  confidence  she  has  that 
*all  is  right.'  Nothing  from  human  source  can  be  added  to 
that; — it  is  of  that  treasure  which  cannot  perish. 

"I  was  writing  to  F.  Douglass  a  few  days  since,  and  I 
spoke  of  the  illness  of  your  Mother  and  of  P,  Pillsbury. 
In  reply  he  spoke  of  the  great  service  which  both  had  ren- 
dered to  the  cause,  not  of  his  own  race  only,  but  of  all  men, 
and  of  the  high  and  reverent  honor  he  felt  for  both. 

"I  have  never  forgotten,  nor  am  I  likely  to  forgot,  that 
meeting  of  Anti-Slavery  and  Woman-SufFrage  friends  at 
Lucy  Stone's  house,  of  which  your  Mother  was  one. 

"I  am  sending  Mr.  Wyman  a  copy  of  F.  Douglass'  power- 
ful appeal  for  ordinarily  decent  and  fair  treatment  of  the 
Af ro- American ; — a  truer  name  than  Negro,  though  F.  D. 
uses  the  latter." 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Livermore  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"^wgr.  11,  1894.  That  you  should  think  of  me  when 
you  are  suffering,  and  should  send  me  an  'AH  Hail,'  of  ap- 

[296  ] 


preciation  and  cheer,  has  touched  me  to  tears.  I  will  not  say 
'Goodbye,'  because  I  am  so  close  behind  you  in  the  journey 
that  I  know  it  is  only  a  hand's  breadth  of  life  that  is  left 
me.  It  is  good  to  have  no  fear  of  death,  good  to  feel  cer- 
tain that  no  harm  can  come  from  God  to  us.  And  that  con- 
viction abides  with  us  both." 

MoxcuRE  D.  CoxwAY  TO  Mrs.  Chace 
'■^Wianno,  Aug.  10,  1894.  We  left  England  just  a  month 
ago,  and  have  now  managed  to  reach  Wianno;  but  what  is 
our  sorrow  at  missing  the  friendly  welcome  of  you  and  your 
family,  on  account  of  your  illness.  You  may  rest  assured 
that  you  are  nowhere  more  affectionately  remembered  than 
in  our  little  cottage.  We  are  relatives  in  spirit,  I  always 
claim,  and  our  memories  go  back  to  the  same  old  conflicts 
between  slavery  and  freedom. 

"It  has  been  in  recent  years  a  large  part  of  my  summer 
happiness  to  go  over  these  old  stories  with  you,  and  learn 
so  many  things  about  the  good  men  and  women  who  carried 
on  the  good  causes  in  times  and  places  previously  unknown 
to  me.  I  feel  deep  gratitude  to  you  for  all  this,  and  I  feel 
certain  that  now,  when  you  are  confined  to  your  house,  you 
cannot  fail  to  find  strength  and  support  in  the  consciousness 
of  having  faithfully  followed  your  light,  and  unweariedly 
helped  to  advance  every  truth  and  every  humane  cause  which 
appealed  to  your  heart  and  reason.  Around  your  couch  and 
chair  will  be  the  smiling  faces  of  those  you  have  helped  to 
free,  to  save,  to  console,  to  uplift,  to  enlighten. 

"We  miss  here  a  good  many  of  the  old  faces.  We  have  no 
Sunday  evening  conferences  and  no  entertainments.  But 
still  here  are  the  beauties  of  nature,  amid  which  I  sit  part 
of  the  time  at  work,  and  part  of  the  time  in  the  sweet  doing 
of  nothing.  Our  daughter  Mildred  is  at  Lake  George,  at 
the  summer  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.   Sawyer,  to  whose  son 

[297] 


Philip  she  is  betrothed.     Early  next  year  we  return  to  Lon- 
don, where  I  resume  my  discourses  at  South  Place. 

"We  saw  the  Garrisons  yesterday,  and  I  have  consented 
to  go  up  to  Boston  to  an  important  demonstration  against 
*  lynching'  to  be  held  in  Faneuil  Hall  on  the  29th.  Strange 
how  long  it  takes  to  eradicate  savagery  from  the  whites — 
not  'blacks'  or  'reds'  of  this  country." 

On  August  10,  1894,  Parker  Pillsbury's  daughter  wrote 
to  Mrs.  Wyman,  he  being  too  feeble  to  write  himself,  but 
thus  came  the  message  from  the  old  Invincible : 

"Father  feels  very  sad  to  hear  of  your  mother's  severe 
illness.     Please  accept  his  heartfelt  sympathy." 

Frederick  Douglass  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

'^Aug.  10,  1894-  I  am  deeply  touched  by  your  note  just 
to  hand,  telling  me  of  the  condition  of  your  precious  mother. 
She  has  been  a  great  teacher  by  precept  and  example,  in  the 
world.  She  has  faithfully  taught  how  to  live  and  it  now 
seems  she  is  teaching  us  how  to  die.  A  great  sufferer,  yet 
calm,  trustful  and  even  happy  in  the  visible  approach  of 
what  used  to  be  described  and  pictured  as  the  king  of  terrors. 
How  glorious  it  is,  and  how  thankful  we  should  be,  that  the 
soul  can  be  so  enlightened  as  to  banish  such  thought  from  the 
mind  when  approaching  the  end  of  our  life  journey.  I  had 
hoped  once  more  to  look  into  your  mother's  noble  face  and 
to  hear  her  firm  and  tranquil  voice,  but  I  fear  that  this 
cannot  be;  but  what  matter.''  these  will  never  be  forgotten. 
I  shall  always  see  her  as  I  saw  her  and  heard  her  kind  voice 
when  I  was  yet  new  from  slavery.  The  words  of  kindness 
and  sympathy  given  me  then  were  fitted  to  last  longer  with 
me  than  I  can  hope  to  live  in  this  world.  Do  make  my  love 
to  her,  if  she  shall  be  still  with  you  when  you  receive  this 
line  and  tell  her  that  I  rejoice  in  the  life  she  has  been  able 

[298  ] 


FnrnFRirK  nouorAss 
(Ahout  60  yearn  old  J 


to  live  and  that  I  thank  her  for  what  she  has  done  for  tem- 
perance and  freedom;  for  men  and  for  women.  Mrs.  Doug- 
lass joins  me  in  all  the  sentiments  I  have  tried  to  put  into  the 
words  of  this  note." 

In  the  autumn  Mrs.  Chace  recovered  sufficiently  to  be  able 
to  go  from  one  room  to  another,  but  she  never  again  de- 
scended the  oaken  staircase  of  her  house.  Two  attendants 
were  kept  for  her  all  the  time  during  the  rest  of  her  life, 
except  for  a  short  period  when  one  nurse  seemed  to  be 
enough,  with  the  help  of  a  woman  of  the  neighborhood  who 
came  in  every  day. 

The  general  household  conditions  after  this  were  those  of 
a  hospital.  Captain  Wyman's  health  was  breaking,  but  until 
he  became  an  absolute  invalid  he  did  everything  in  his  power 
to  entertain  Mrs.  Chace  and  carry  out  her  wishes  in  the 
world  which  she  could  no  longer  enter.  Mrs.  Tolman  came 
often,  and  her  visits  were  a  great  relief  to  the  monotony. 
Mr.  Tolman  was  also  a  very  welcome  visitor.  Arnold  came 
to  the  house  at  all  hours  of  the  day  and  night,  and  his  com- 
panionship was  still  that  which  Mrs.  Chace  loved  best. 
Though  as  the  years  of  sickness  went  on  one  of  her  chief 
joys  was  to  get  as  many  of  her  grandchildren  as  could  be 
collected  into  her  room,  to  stand  in  a  row  so  that  she  might 
see  how  their  heights  compared.  One  of  the  upstairs  rooms 
was  fitted  for  her  sitting  room,  to  which  she  was  drawn  in 
a  chair  after  she  could  no  longer  walk.  She  actually  took 
up  water-color  painting  again;  she  painted  while  able  to 
sit  in  a  chair  and,  when  unable  to  sit  up  any  more,  painted 
in  bed,  though  she  could  not  then  turn  hersielf  over. 

She  held  Woman  Suffrage  committee  meetings  in  her 
rooms,  and  corresponded  with  people  on  public  matters. 


[299] 


Samuel  May  to  Mes.  Chace 

^'May  2,  1895.  If  I  had  not  been  daily  mindful  of  the 
letter  which  you  wrote  to  me  with  your  own  hand,  and  which 
I  received  on  my  85th  anniversary,  and  of  the  wondrous  roses 
which  soon  followed  it,  I  should  be  the  most  ungrateful  per- 
son on  this  planet.  I  am  still  wondering  how  it  be  that  you 
an  'almost  helpless  invalid'  could  write  such  a  letter,  could 
paint  such  a  picture.  My  wife,  who  is  a  thorough  flower 
lover,  was  delighted  with  the  roses,  and  mounted  them  for 
me,  so  that  they  stand  on  my  book  table  all  the  time. 

"  I  go  from  home  very  little.  A  very  little  matter  fatigues 
me  completely.  I  send  my  very  warm  regards  to  your 
daughter  and  Mr.  Wyman.  And  to  yourself  my  highest 
respect  and  affection." 

"To  the  Honorable  Committee  on  Special  Legislation  of  the 
Rhode  Island  General  Assembly  of  1895: 

^^ Gentlemen  of  the  Committee : — 

"Beginning  in  the  yea.T  1868,  the  petitioners  for  Woman 
Suffrage  in  Rhode  Island  have  appeared  almost  annually  be- 
fore a  Committee  of  this  Assembly  in  behalf  of  a  principle 
which  they  believe  to  be  inviolable, — equality  of  rights,  re- 
gardless of  sex;  until  in  the  year  1887,  the  necessary  legis- 
lation sent  to  the  people  an  amendment  to  our  State  Con- 
stitution, which  struck  the  'male'  therefrom;  i.e.,  sent  it 
to  the  male  people  to  be  voted  on.  It  secured  a  large  vote, 
but  was  defeated;  and  has  been  followed  by  a  suspension  of 
all  effort  in  this  direction  for  several  years,  during  which 
time  we  have  been  unremitting  in  our  endeavors  to  educate 
the  voting  citizens  of  the  State  in  the  principles  of  equality 
and  justice.  Today,  we  come  to  you  again,  hoping  for  a 
more  favorable  result. 

"Prostrated  as  I  am  by  severe  illness  and  my  advancing 

[300] 


years,  with  a  heart  full  of  the  warmest  love  for  my  native 
State,  I  send  you  herewith  from  my  chamber,  my  earnest  ap- 
peal that  you  will  give  to  our  petition  your  rational,  con- 
scientious consideration,  looking  at  the  beneficial  results  of 
full  Woman  Suffrage  in  Wyoming  and  Colorado,  Municipal 
Suffrage  for  women  in  Kansas,  and  of  School  Suffrage  in 
other  States.  W^omen  are  sitting  in  the  Colorado  legislature, 
and  on  juries;  are  holding  office  there  and  in  Wyoming  and 
in  Kansas,  and  everywhere  filling  honorably  the  new  places 
into  which  suffrage  has  brought  them,  and  the  results  every- 
where are  pronounced  good. 

"I  want  to  tell  you,  moreover,  that  apart  from  and  beyond 
our  conviction  that  women  have  the  same  right  to  self-gov- 
ernment that  men  have,  and  which  lies  at  the  foundation  of 
all  republicanism  for  men,  is  the  fact,  that  intelligent,  con- 
scientious women  feel  a  deep  and  ineradicable  sense  of  duty, 
to  assist  in  the  management  of  governmental  affairs.  I  want 
to  tell  you  that,  as  wives,  mothers,  sisters  and  daughters, 
we  can  never  perform  our  whole  duty  to  our  families  and 
our  homes,  until  we  share  in  the  making  of  the  laws  under 
which  those  institutions  are  organized  and  exist ;  until  women 
have  a  choice  in  the  selection  of  the  officers  by  whom  these 
laws  are  administered;  until  women  apply  their  housewifely 
skill  in  helping  to  purify  the  bodies  politic  and  civil,  from 
the  cancerous  sores  which  corrupt  our  towns,  our  cities  and 
our  States. 

"For  myself,  at  eighty-eight  years  of  age,  obliged  to  re- 
linquish all  active  participation  in  public  labor  for  human 
welfare,  it  is  a  grief  to  me  to  feel  that  I  have  been  prevented 
from  exercising  my  share  of  the  power  to  wliicli  I  was  en- 
titled, to  help  make  our  life  here  in  Rhode  Island,  better  and 
wholesomer  for  our  children  and  our  children's  children  to 
grow  up  in.  It  is  a  grief  to  me  to  feel  that  I  shall  probably 
pass  away  from  this  life,  before  justice  is  done  to  the  women 

[  301  ] 


of  Rhode  Island ;  whereby  better  conditions  would  be  secured 
to  those  who  will  come  after  us. 

"Wherefore,  my  last  word  to  you,  gentlemen,  is.  Give  the 
Ballot  to  Women. 

"Respectfully 

"Elizabeth  B.  Chace." 

There  was  a  little  improvement  in  Mrs.  Chace's  condition 
about  this  time.  An  elevator  was  put  into  the  house,  a 
wheeled  chair  was  obtained,  and  by  means  of  these  appliances 
she  came  down  stairs  nearly  every  day  for  a  year  or  two. 
She  never  took  a  step  unaided  and  very  seldom  even  an  as- 
sisted step.  She  never  sat  at  the  dining-room  table,  always 
preferring  to  have  her  meals  served  directly  to  her. 

She  sat  for  hours,  however,  on  the  back  piazza  or  in  the 
front  vestibule  of  the  house,  and  she  did  mingle  occasionally 
with  little  companies  of  friends.  It  was  on  the  piazza  that  she 
entertained  Alfred  Webb  and  his  wife  when  they  visited  her. 
Mr.  Webb  was  the  son  of  her  old  Dublin  friend,  Richard  D. 
Webb.  She  was  occasionally  taken  in  her  wheeled  chair  from 
the  piazza  onto  the  ground  and  twice  she  was  gotten  into  a 
carriage  for  a  drive.  She  was  wheeled  up  to  her  son's  resi- 
dence on  the  day  when  he  celebrated  his  silver  wedding,  and 
she  went  thus  to  lunch  at  Jonathan  Chace's.  At  this  lunch 
there  were  some  dishes  on  the  table  which  took  her  fancy, 
and  she  came  back  eager  to  have  some  purchased  for  her  own 
household.  Of  course  her  china  for  common  use  had  to  be 
renewed  during  these  years  of  her  illness,  but  her  closets  were 
so  full  of  the  finer  china  that  it  was  hard  to  find  a  place  for 
the  new  dishes  when  bought. 

In  June,  1895,  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  long  letter  to  the  Exec- 
utive Committee  of  the  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Asso- 
ciation which  she  concluded  as  follows : 

"And  now,  dear  friends,  with  grateful  and  happy  remem- 

[302  ] 


brances  of  harmonious  co-operation  with  the  faithful  labor- 
ers with  whom  these  years  have  passed,  with  unfaltering  faith 
and  trust  in  the  not  far  distant  success  of  our  most  righteous 
cause,  with  the  promise  of  such  ability  to  help  as  I  can  still 
bring  to  you,  I  resign  into  your  hands,  at  the  close  of  this 
year,  the  office  I  have  tried  to  make  potent  for  success. 

"Elizabeth  B.  Chace." 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^ Bonny  Haven,  July  5th.  Dearly  beloved  friend:  But 
thou  art  doing  such  a  wonderful  work,  there,  in  thy  room ! 
Dear,  noble  friend,  I  know  I  am  a  better  woman  because  I 
have  known  thee.  And  I  would  not  part  with  what  I  know 
on  that  subject  for  anything  I  can  think  of.  I  tell  thee,  thee 
cannot  live  a  minute  and  not  be  the  best  kind  of  a  blessing. 
And  not  a  whit  do  I  care  if  I  am  called  sentimental,  because 
I  choose  to  write  a  bit  of  truth  to  thee !  I'll  write  what  I 
please,  I  will. 

"Yes,  I  went  to  Albany  and  sat  by  Susan  B.  Anthony, 
when  we  went  into  one  of  the  rooms  to  listen  to  a  hearing 
on  'Cities.'  A  large  table  was  before  us,  with  all  the  peti- 
tions on  it,— a  huge  pile. 

"  'Come,  Miss  Anthony,'  I  said,  'take  your  memory  back 
forty  years,  and  then  take  in  the  present  situation,  with  all 
those  petitions  under  your  eyes,  and  tell  me  how  you  feel.' 

"She  turned  her  face  to  me  with  that  expression  which  I 
remember  on  the  faces  of  Abolitionists  after  the  Proclama- 
tion—  a  look  of  blank  inability  to  realize — of  simple,  quiet 
peace, — and  said,  'You  write  about  it,  and  say  how  I  feel.' 
That  was  a  minute  I  shall  always  keep  as  a  treasure. 

"It  is  necessary  to  raise  money  [for  the  Cotuit  library]. 
So,  /  am  going  to  have  a  'Midsummer  Jubilee  and  Fair.'  I 
have  set  my  husband  and  Edith  Thomas  to  writing  two  songs 

[303  1 


for  me,  and  am  drilling  all  the  village  children  to  march  while 
they  sing  them.  I  have  had  two  squads — 30  each — rehears- 
ing in  the  barn — and  they  and  I  are  as  happy  as  clams. 
They  are  to  be  dressed  in  costumes.  I  am  making  fancy 
paper  caps  for  them  all.  I  shall  have  a  little  tree  full  of 
tiny  Ghosts  of  Ideas.  I  make  the  ghosts,  but  Edith  Thomas 
is  helping  me  with  the  ideas  which  accompany  them." 

W.  L.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

*^Aug.  31,  1895.  I  gave  my  lecture  on  Wendell  Piiillips 
at  Mrs.  Wellington's,  last  Sunday  and  then  spoke  of  the  loss 
we  all  feel  that  you  are  not  in  your  own  hospitable  parlor." 

The  October  Woman  Suffrage  Convention  of  that  year 
marked  the  passage  of  twenty-five  years  since  Mrs.  Chace 
was  chosen  president.  Her  letter  of  resignation,  written  in 
June,  was  to  take  effect  at  this  meeting.  The  plan  of  the 
workers  was  to  make  the  occasion  very  largely  one  of  com- 
pliment to  her,  but  she  expressed  her  desire  that  the  main 
object  of  the  meeting  should  be,  as  usual,  to  consider  Woman 
Suffrage. 

Letters  commemorative  of  her  service  were  written  to 
those  persons  Avho  were  preparing  the  celebration  of  the 
anniversary. 

Rev,  Augustus  Woodbury  to  


''Concord,  N.  H.,  Oct.  6,  1895.  The  wonderful  ability, 
courage,  patience  and  faith  which  your  President  has  shown 
both  in  private  and  public  life  arc  most  worthy  of  being 
commemorated  by  all  who  have  known  her,  and  especially  by 
those  whom  she  has  led  like  the  commander  of  a  'forlorn 
hope,'  in  the  movement  for  the  freedom  of  her  sex.  Every 
good  cause  has  had  her  countenance  and  active  support.  In 
season  and  out  of  season,  in  favorable  and  unfavorable  cir- 

[304  ] 


cumstance,  in  sickness  and  health,  in  weakness  and  strength, 
she  has  been  true,  brave  and  persistent.  To  know  her  was 
not  only  to  love  her,  but  to  be  stimulated  by  her  virtue  and 
strength  to  nobler  and  higher  living.  I  beg  to  express  my 
own  obligation  to  her  for  the  marvellous  power  of  her 
example." 

Rev.  Fredekic  A.  Hinckley  to  Mrs.  Ellen  K.  Bolles 

^^ Florence,  Oct.  8th,  1895.  How  glad  I  should  be  to  join 
the  company  who,  at  your  coming  convention,  will  render 
loving  tribute  to  my  beloved  friend,  Elizabeth  B.  Chace. 
Friendship  with  Mrs.  Chace  has  been  one  of  the  rare  and 
sacred  privileges  of  my  life. 

"I  have  seen  her  as  inexorable  as  Destiny,  and  yet  as 
tender  and  affectionate  as  a  child; — and  I  feel  how  inade- 
quate all  words  are,  when  I  try  to  say  how  much  I  owe  her 
personally.  She  has  little  idea  of  how  much  she  has  done 
for  us  all,  and  for  the  world. 

"You  will  emphasize  especially  her  work  for  Suffrage. 
She  was  always  our  beacon  light  in  that  cause  in  Rhode 
Island.  But  I  remember  so  well  her  active  interest  in  prison 
management,  her  efforts  in  behalf  of  vagrant  and  vicious  chil- 
dren; her  splendid  devotion  to  the  doctrine  of  soul  liberty; 
I  remember  so  vividly  her  ability  and  willingness  to  see  the 
laborer's  side  in  the  great  struggle  between  Labor  and  Capi- 
tal. My  first  introduction  to  her  was  in  the  name  of  Woman 
Suffrage,  but  I  recall  a  nobler  occasion,  when  I  spoke  upon 
the  Labor  problem,  from  the  Laborer's  point  of  view,  on  the 
very  eve  of  a  strike  in  her  own  mills.  I  do  not  know  that  we 
agreed  in  all  I  said,  but  I  always  felt,  and  feel  still,  that  she 
recognized  then  and  there,  an  honest  seeking  for  substantial 
justice  in  that  effort,  quite  akin  to  her  soul.  I  have  known 
her  as  the  philanthropist  who  cherished  Portia's  vision  of 
*the  quality  of  mercy.' 

[305] 


"When  my  thoughts  wander  to  the  little  company  of  ear- 
nest women  in  Rhode  Island, — always  it  is  Elizabeth  B. 
Chace  who  sits  at  the  head  of  the  table." 

The  convention  met  on  October  10th,  the  Rev,  Anna 
Garlin  Spencer  in  the  chair.  A  letter  from  Susan  B.  Anthony 
was  read,  sympathizing  with  the  desire  to  keep  Mrs.  Chace's 
name  at  the  head  of  the  organization;  other  letters  were 
read,  showing  a  similar  feeling;  Mrs.  Spencer  made  an  ad- 
dress in  the  same  vein  and  a  resolution  was  passed  expressing 
appreciation  of  Mrs.  Chace's  life  and  work.  Finally  Mrs. 
Chace  was  re-elected  president,  Mrs.  Spencer  announcing 
that  the  society  had  decided  "that  as  long  as  she  lived  the 
great  name  of  Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace  should  be  inscribed 
on  the  records  as  that  of  their  leader." 

From  this  time  on  a  working  vice-president  was  always 
elected,  who  performed  the  routine  labor  of  the  president. 

The  following  verses  were  written  by  Mrs.  Chace  at  the 
time  of  one  of  her  severe  illnesses  for  Mrs.  A.  A.  Mann, 
and  were  afterwards  printed  in  Ye  Odde  Number,  gotten  out 
and  sold  for  Thanksgiving,  1895,  to  raise  money  for  the  Day 
Nurseries  and  their  Kindergartens  in  Providence. 

"On  Receiving  a  Basket  of  Lovely  Apples  from  a 
Dear  Friend 

"Dear  Sarah — when  our  Mother  Eve — 
That  much  abused  young  lady. 
Went  walking  in  her  garden  fair, 
Through  flowery  paths  and  shady ; 

"If,  when  she  reached  that  fatal  tree 
Its  branches  bent  to  m.eet  her, 
With  fruit  like  this  you've  sent  to  me 
That  nodded  low  to  greet  her ; 

[  306  ] 


"I'm  not  surprised  that,  tempted  thus, 
This  inexperienced  woman 
Forgot  all  rules  and  laws  and  threats, 
Prescribed  for  creatures  human. 

"Indeed  his  snakeship  might  have  saved 
His  breath  to  cool  his  dinner 
While  golden  apples  she  did  eat, 
This  thoughtless  little  sinner. 

"And  while  I  revel  in  your  gift 
I  never  more  will  wonder 
That  she,  our  gentle  Mother  Eve, 
Committed  such  a  blunder." 

These  other  verses  were  probably  written  for   Ye  Odde 
Number  and  were  finally  published  in  the  Boston  Transcript. 

"Christ  said  of  the  little  children, 

(A  lover  of  childi'en  was  he) 
Of  such  is  the  kingdom  of  heaven, 

Let  them  come  unto  me. 
And  in  his  arms  he  pressed  them, 
And  with  his  love  he  blessed  them. 
And  tenderly  caressed  them, 

Saying,  'Come  ye  unto  me.' 

"And  the  Kindergarten  says  to  the  children, 
*Come  ye  all  unto  me. 
And  we'll  make  a  kingdom  of  heaven 

Most  beautiful  to  see.' 
And  with  outstretched  hand  she  reaches  them. 
And  lovingly  she  teaches  them; 
And  earnestly  beseeches  them, 
*0h,  stay  ye  here  with  me.' 

[307] 


"And  the  kindergarten  spirit 

Shall  enter  the  children's  home 
And  build  there  a  heavenly  kingdom 
In  the  better  days  to  come." 


[308] 


CHAPTER   THIRTIETH 

Last  Years  of  Mrs.  Chace's  Life 

STILL  the  kind  letters  came  from  Mr.  May,  the  true 
comrade  in  the  old  and  holy  work.  I  think  he  and 
Mrs.  Chace  never  met  after  that  day  at  Lucy  Stone's,  but 
their  written  words  passed  to  each  other,  breathing  messages 
of  a  friendship  which  had  been  cemented  in  righteousness. 

Samuel  May  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'Leicester,  Oct.  11,  1895.  When  I  saw  weeks  ago  that  the 
October  Meeting  of  your  State  Woman  Suffrage  Ass.  would 
also  be  the  25th  anniversary  of  your  Presidency,  I  made  a 
memorandum  that  I  would  attend  it,  and  perhaps  see 
yourself,  and  personally  thank  you  for  your  many  kind 
thoughts,  words  and  deeds  to  me.  Now  the  time  has  arrived, 
and  I  road  this  morning  that  the  meeting  took  place  yester- 
day; while  I,  instead  of  attending  it,  was  lying  flat  on  my 
back,  by  doctor's  directions. 

"I  rejoice  to  know  it  was  so  good  a  meeting.  How  ad- 
mirable Mrs.  Howe's  topic,  and  how  fine  your  courage  in 
being  willing  to  receive  continued  election. 

"It  is  just  six  months  today  since  my  birthday;  wlien  my 
— wholly  unlooked  for — birthday  book  was  put  into  my 
hands.  That  book  contained  your  letter, —  indeed  a  won- 
derful letter.  When  I  tried  to  tell  you  of  my  thanks,  and 
of  the  pleasure  you  had  given  us  all  by  it,  and  by  the  glow- 
ing roses  of  your  painting,  you  wrote  me  another  letter,  and 
as  we  read  it,  my  daughter  Bessie  said,  'Now,  fatiier,  you 

[  309  ] 


must  indeed  go  to  see  Mrs.  Chace;  and  I  will  go  with  you; 
it  shall  be  only  a  short  visit,  not  enough  to  tire  her.'  I 
agreed,  and  we  named  the  day,  only  one  or  two  ahead, 

"Alas!  my  dear  wife  had  already  lost  so  much  since 
the  birthday,  that  it  was  found  Bessie  must  not  leave  her 
mother  even  for  the  one  day ;  and  then  soon,  by  the  doctor's 
advice,  they  went  together,  with  attendants,  to  Bessie's 
house  on  the  Maine  coast,  where  the  dear  woman  lived  but 

eight  days  longer. 1  have  made  almost  no  visits  since 

then,  even  in  town  here, — have  seldom  gone  far  from  the 
house,  and  have  written  but  little.  I  am  glad  to  see  friends 
who  come, — and  many  do ;  I  am  glad  to  hear  from  others ; 
but  I  feel  no  spur  to  action;  nor  have  I  the  strength, 
either  of  body  or  mind,  to  do  what  I  gladly  would  in  other 
circumstances. 

"But  I  think  of  you,  dear  Mrs.  Chace,  with  the  highest 
respect  I  am  capable  of  feeling  for  any  one  on  earth;  and 
with  strong  gratitude  and  affection  too.  I  wish  I  could  send 
you  a  really  helpful  word  of  cheer;  but  I  fear  my  letter  has 
too  little  of  that.  I  am  sure  you  have  the  best  of  helpers 
about  you;  and  I  hope  you  have  not  any  severe  suffering. 
I  send  my  warm  regards  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wyman,  and  my 
daughters  join  me  in  that,  and  in  fullest  love  to  you.  May 
every  good  gift  and  the  fullest  blessing  be  yours." 

During  these  years  of  her  complete  invalidism,  her  friends, 
near  and  distant,  continued  their  constant  efforts  to  please 
her,  and  to  divert  the  marvelous  activity  of  her  mind  into 
channels  which  would  make  happy  an  occasional  respite  from 
pain.  No  outsiders  really  knew  how  much  she  suffered,  but 
generously  and  tenderly  they  did  their  best  to  help  her,  and 
those  of  her  immediate  household,  to  bear  the  burden  and 
to  lessen  the  weight  of  her  daily  pain.  They  came  to  see 
her  and  they  wrote;   but  chief  of  all  her  comforters  was  her 

[310] 


son  Arnold  Buffum  Chace.  As  he  was  close  by,  there  are, 
however,  no  letters  to  or  from  her,  to  testify  to  the  firm 
texture  of  the  bond  between  this  mother  and  son.  Among  all 
the  friends  who  were  near,  Mrs.  John  R.  Bartlett  and  the 
Jonathan  Chaces  did  the  most  in  the  way  of  little  daily, 
thoughtful  kindnesses  to  relieve  the  woman  upon  whom  de- 
volved the  responsibility  of  Mrs.  Chace's  household. 

Mrs.  Tolman  and  her  children  and  Mr.  Tolman  came  very 
often  for  brief  visits. 

Letters  from  Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

^'2—8—95.  I  have  had  3  successive  days  and  nights  of  al- 
most entire  freedom  from  pain  .  .  .  the  pain  has  come  back, 
and  here  I  am  groaning  and  crying  again. 

"I  have  painted  seven  butterflies  and  some  of  them  are 
very  beautiful." 

^^11—20—95.  I  suppose  Lillie  wrote  thee  about  our  going 
to  the  lunch  party  at  Jonathan's  on  Monday.  It  was  very 
pleasant,  and  I  enjoyed  it  very  much.  I  had  not  thought  of 
ever  going  into  a  neighbor's  house  again.  But,  it  didn't  seem 
so  great  a  circumstance  after  all.  Last  evening,  by  invita- 
tion, we  had  a  company  to  listen  to  a  paper  on  Mary  Dyer, 
by  Horatio  Rogers,  one  of  the  Judges  of  our  Supreme  Court. 

"The  paper  was  very  fine,  the  parlor  was  brilliant  with 
light  and  flowers ;  and  after  the  reading,  we  had  ice-cream 
and  cake  in  the  dining-room.  I  staid  down  'till  nearly  ten ; 
but  I  got  very  tired  and  had  rather  a  poor  niglit  after  it." 

^'3—6—96.  I  am  having  a  pretty  comfortable  week,  i.  e. 
for  me,  for  which  I  am  very  thankful.  I  do  very  much  wish 
that  I  might  get  into  a  comfortable  condition  and  so  remain 
until  it  is  time  for  me  to  be  called  away.  But,  I  do  now  have 
comfort  enough  to  be  very  grateful  for.     My  painting,  my 

[3111 


knitting  and  my  writing  give  mc  great  enjoyment.  I  am 
getting  along  beautifully  with  my  afghan.  The  colors  of 
my  worsteds  blend  together  in  the  loveliest  way." 

Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"This  morning  I  went  to  Newton  to  hear  William  Garri- 
son read  a  paper  on  Immigration.  It  was  practically  the 
same  as  his  paper  that  he  read  on  the  Chinese  Question  in 
our  Osterville  parlor;  although  he  said  he  had  put  new 
'collars  and  cuffs'  to  it." 

About  this  time  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  an  article  for  the  Sun- 
day Journal  on  Municipal  Reform,  a  subject  which  was  being 
largely  agitated  in  Rhode  Island.  She  expressed  great  faith 
in  the  new  Chief  of  Police  and  called  his  attention  to  the  word- 
ing of  the  law,  which,  as  we  have  seen,  really  authorized  him 
to  arrest  men  in  many  cases  when  the  custom  had  been  to 
arrest  only  the  women  implicated. 

Frank  J.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^Rockledge,  June  23,  1896.  By  a  rare  chance  I  happened 
to  meet  James  Tolman  at  dinner  today,  and  learned  from 
him  of  the  gallant  manner  in  which  the  Rhode  Island  Legis- 
lature has  responded  to  your  appeal  for  the  State  House, 
and  when  your  letter  came  a  couple  of  hours  later,  it  seemed 
a  coincidence  almost  telepathic.  I  congratulate  you  on 
your  success,  which  insures  the  October  meeting  a  good 
start." 

The  writer  then  goes  on  to  offer  suggestions  and  informa- 
tion as  to  speakers  and  expenses  necessary  to  the  getting  up 
of  an  effective  Woman  Suffrage  convention,  and  from  that 
theme  passes  to  personal  news,  as, 

"We  greatly  enjoyed  the  Webbs'  visit  to  us,  and  wanted 
to  keep  them  a  month.     Their  little  season  with  you  was  one 

[312] 


of  the  precious  experiences  of  their  week,  and  they  had  a 
happy  three  hours  with  Parker  Pillsbury  at  Concord.  Alfred 
is  certainly  one  of  the  salt  of  the  earth." 

On  July  23rd,  1896,  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  a  long  letter  about 
Woman  Suffrage  to  the  Sunday  Journal,  taking  for  her  text 
the  appeal  of  Abigail  Adams  to  her  husband  in  Revolutionary 
times. 

A  week  later  she  published  a  second  article,  which  was 
a  resume  of  the  history  of  the  Cause,  and  a  statement  of  the 
bearing  upon  it  of  the  statutes  relating  to  women  throughout 
the  Union. 

After  the  death  of  her  son  Ned,  Mrs.  Chace  told  me  that 
this  experience  had  developed  in  her  a  strong  maternal  love 
and  yearning  interest  in  young  men.  Such  especial  feeling  is 
very  evident  in  every  case  where  her  word  related  to  boys 
whose  young  impulses  were  likely  to  get  them  into  trouble. 
Moreover,  the  natural  desire  of  the  boy  appealed  to  this 
Niobe  among  women, —  this  Mother  of  the  Dead.  All  that 
hidden  tenderness  flows  through  the  subjoined  bit  of  her 
writing,  which  she  produced  as  she  lay  helpless.  If  it  were 
not  so  very  moral  in  its  suggestions  to  the  owners  of 
orchards,  I  should  be  tempted  to  say  that  this  little  com- 
position is  almost  a  prose  pastoral.  I  will  say,  however, 
something  that  is  better  than  praise  of  her  literature.  She 
had  done  for  many  j^ears  just  what  she  now  implored  other 
people  to  do. 

"About  Apples 

*^To  the  Editor  of  the  Sunday  Journal: 

"It  is  the  year  when  the  apple  trees  are  loaded  with  their 
healthful  and  delicious  fruit;  and  in  every  village  and  coun- 
try neighborhood  are  well-to-do  people  who  are  blessed  with 
the  owncrsliip  of  these  bounteous  products  of  our  motiier, 

[  313  ] 


the  earth.  Also,  in  all  these  places  are  a  larger  class,  espe- 
cially in  the  factory  villages,  who  own  no  apple  trees,  and 
to  whom  the  fruit  now  falling  in  great  abundance  from  the 
trees  is  a  great  temptation.  The  children,  particularly  as 
they  see  the  apples  on  the  ground  apparently  going  to  waste, 
experience  an  almost  irresistible  longing  for  a  taste  of  the 
fruit.  So,  with  your  permisson,  I  want  to  make  an  appeal 
through  the  Journal  in  behalf  of  these  boys  and  girls.  It 
is  not  always  convenient  or  agreeable  to  open  the  orchard  or 
the  garden  gate  and  bid  them  to  enter  and  help  themselves, 
but  it  is  not  much  trouble  to  let  your  gardener  or  your  own 
children  pick  up  the  apples  and  heap  them  outside  the  gate ; 
and  the  pleasure  of  witnessing  the  eagerness  and  thankful- 
ness with  which  these  appleless  children  fill  their  pockets 
and  caps  or  come  with  baskets  to  carry  the  fruit  to  their 
mothers  quite  repays  you  for  the  trouble.  And  the  lesson 
in  kindness  thus  taught  your  own  children  is  of  more  value 
than  the  apples  would  be  in  the  market.  And  further,  if 
some  boys,  tempted  by  the  sight  of  the  fruit,  should  enter 
your  garden  and  help  themselves,  don't  drive  them  away 
harshly,  accusing  them  of  stealing,  or,  what  is  worse,  hand- 
ing them  over  to  an  officer  to  be  tried  in  court  and  branded 
as  thieves,  and,  perhaps,  sent  to  the  Reform  School.  Oh,  no  ; 
reprimand  them  gently  for  the  trespass  on  your  ground,  but 
give  them  of  the  apples,  and  your  own  heart  will  be  the 
lighter  and  your  sleep  will  be  the  sweeter,  and  your  apples- 
'will  taste  better  for  the  kindness. 

"Sept.  10th.  E.  B.  Chace." 

The  Rhode  Island  Woman  Suffrage  Convention,  about 
which  Mrs.  Chace  had  consulted  Mr.  Frank  J.  Garrison, 
was  held  on  October  14  and  15  in  the  Representatives* 
Chamber  of  the  State  House,  Providence.  Mrs.  Chace  had 
prepared  an  address  which  was  read  by  John  C.  Wyman. 

[  814  1 


It  was  in  this  October  that  the  silver  wedding  anniversary 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Arnold  Buffum  Chace  was  celebrated,  and 
for  it  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  some  verses. 

Her  great  desire  to  be  present  so  worked  on  her  nerves 
that  she  actually  got  to  crying  that  day,  not  being  really 
sicker  than  usual,  but  in  fear  that  she  would  not  be  able  to 
be  present.  She  was,  however,  taken  to  their  house  in  a 
wheeled  chair,  and  read  these  lines : 

"Though  silver  coinage  is  the  ill, 
That  we  are  all  a  dreading. 
We  gladly  come  to  celebrate, 
This  pleasant  silver  wedding. 

"Though  we  protest,  both  long  and  loud 
Against  this  silver  coining, 
We  all  desire  that  every  cloud 
Should  have  a  silver  lining. 

"If  silver,  as  the  standard,  works 
But  evil  to  a  nation, 
We  like  to  have  our  forks  and  spoons 
Of  silvery  creation. 

"But  whetlicr  gold  or  silver  rules. 
In  national  finances, 
'Tis  love  and  love  alone  controls 
A  household's  circumstances. 

"'Tis  love  alone  that  makes  the  home 
A  mansion  of  the  blest ; 
'Tis  love  that  makes  a  warm  hearth-stone 
A  place  of  heavenly  rest. 

[315] 


"So  children  dear,  pray  never  let 
Your  lamp  of  love  burn  low, 
As  side  by  side  and  hand  in  hand, 
Along  life's  path  you  go. 

"Your  children  shall  arise  and  bless 
Your  wise  and  gentle  sway, 
As  with  your  love  still  warm  you  reach, 
Your  Golden  Wedding  day." 

After  the  death  of  William  H.  Holmes,  father  of  her  dead 
son's  betrothed,  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  one  of  the  last  private 
letters  which  she  ever  did  write  with  her  own  hand.  It  lies 
before  me  as  I  copy  it ;  perfectly  legible,  written  in  ink,  yet 
with  faintly  trembling  lines ; 

"Valley  Falls,  10 — 29—96.  Dear  Oara  — We  are 
thinking  tenderly  of  thee,  in  this  sorrowing  time  for  thee. 
And  yet,  we  cannot  but  feel  that,  in  some  respect[s],  it  is 
a  relief  to  thee  that  the  harrowing  time  is  over.  Let  us  hear 
from  thee  often,  and,  be  sure,  we  carry  thee  always  in  our 
hearts ;    with  love, 

Thine, 

Mother." 

During  Mrs.  Chace's  illness  a  peculiar  sweetness  often 
pervaded  her  personality,  which  seemed  to  differ  a  little 
from  the  same  quality  as  shown  in  her  period  of  strenuous 
effort. 

Her  cousin  Mary  Lee  Buffum  said,  during  this  last  era 
of  her  development,  "I  have  heard  that  in  desperate  sickness 
the  fundamental  quality  of  a  person's  nature  rises  to  the 
surface ;  the  fundamental  quality  of  Elizabeth's  nature  al- 
ways was  sweetness,  and  now  it  makes  itself  fully  evident." 

[316] 


ARNOLD    m  KKUM    (HA(R 


Mrs.  Anna  Aldrich,  one  of  the  younger  Abolitionists  and 
Woman  Suffragists  of  Providence,  who  had  not  seen  Mrs. 
Chace  for  a  year  or  two,  came  out  one  day  to  the  Home- 
stead; a  temporary  mental  failure  had  recently  become  ap- 
parent in  the  invalid's  speech  and  manner.  I  was  afraid 
Mrs.  Aldrich  would  be  a  little  shocked  or  disturbed  if  she 
saw  her,  so  I  described  the  condition  as  far  as  seemed  best, 
telling  Mrs.  Aldrich  that  she  would  see  a  very  different 
woman  from  the  one  she  had  known,  and  asked  her  plainly 
if  she  wished  to  go  up  to  the  sickroom.  She  sat  silent  for 
several  minutes  and  then  said  quietly,  "I  am  not  going  to  be 
satisfied  not  to  see  her."  We  went  up  and  Mrs.  Aldrich  sat 
down  by  the  couch.  I  heard  that  she  afterwards  said,  "I 
would  not  have  missed  seeing  Mrs.  Chace  for  the  world,  she 
was  so  sweet  and  lovely."  And  I  myself  shall  never  forget 
the  beauty  of  the  smile  with  which  Mrs.  Chace  looked  up  at 
her  friend  that  day. 

On  November  5th  Mrs.  Chace  contributed  a  half  column 
article  on  Woman  Suffrage  to  the  Providence  Journal. 

Preparation  was  made  to  celebrate  her  ninetieth  birthday, 
and  friends  all  over  the  country  wrote  to  her  of  their  inten- 
tion to  make  pilgrimage  to  her  home  on  that  day.  But 
shortly  before  the  time  she  became  more  ill,  and  announce- 
ment was  made,  both  privately  and  through  the  Woman's 
Journal,  that  there  could  be  no  such  welcome  gathering. 
When  the  day  came,  she  saw  a  few  friends  and  the  members 
of  her  immediate  family,  and  a  Woman  Suffrage  Convention 
was  held  in  Providence  that  afternoon  and  evening  in  honor 
of  the  day.  The  home  celebration  would  have  been  a  notable 
occasion  if  the  original  plan  could  have  been  carried  out, 
and  it  seems  worth  while  to  give  a  few  of  the  letters  which 
relate  to  this  festivity  which  did  not  come  to  pass. 

[317] 


Mes.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"iVow.  9.  Many  thanks  for  your  invitation  to  visit  you  on 
your  birthday.  I  hope  I  shall  feel  bright  enough  to  do  so, 
if  not  I  will  send  my  daughter." 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"D^c.  4>  1896.  Your  note  of  yesterday  is  here  this  morn- 
ing at  our  dear  friends,  the  Garrisons.  I  shall  hope  to  the 
last  that  Dec.  9th  will  find  your  dear  mother  so  far  improved 
as  to  enable  her  to  permit  Miss  [Anna]  Shaw  and  myself  to 
see  her." 

Rev.  William  C.  Gannett  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"i^^fe  mo.,  7th,  1896.  My  May  is  nearer  to  you  than  to 
me — in  Boston, — but  I  wish  for  us  both  to  say  the  Thank 
you  and  Bless  you  on  your  ninetieth  birthday.  Almost  three 
thousand  more  of  those  'days  and  nights'  added  to  the 
thirty  thousand,  to  make  your  record  and  title  clear !  32,850, 
if  I  figure  rightly. 

"If  new  work  is  not  for  you  now,  the  old  service  abides 
and  renews  itself  in  the  untraced  ways." 

Edward  H.  Magill  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''12-28,  1896.  I  am  reaching  the  period  of  life  when  I 
can  appreciate  the  remark  a  dear  aged  friend  made  to  me 
when  a  small  boy,  and  which  I  then  but  little  understood: 
'Edward,'  said  he,  'the  young  are  happy  only  when  they 
are  enjoying  themselves, —  the  old,  when  they  are  free  from 
pain.' 

"But  as  I  advance  toward  the  end  of  all  that  is  of  Earth 
for  me,  the  dread  of  death  which,  in  early  life,  was  some- 
times really  fearful  with  me,  is  gradually  wearing  away. 

"I  have  just  been  getting  those  glimpses   into  the  lives 

[318] 


of  Girls  in  a  factory  village,  which  Lillie  has  been  giving  us, 
and  I  am  sure  that  such  startling  revelations  as  she  makes 
to  us  of  their  inner  lives  can  but  be  productive  of  great 
good." 

Susan  B.  Anthony  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  29,  1896.  This  is  .to  say  a 
Happy  New  Year  to  you,  since  I  have  heard  nothing  from 
you  since  that  red-letter  day  of  mine — Dec.  9th — when  I 
had  those  few  blessed  interviews  with  you.  I  feel  sure  you 
are  still  lying  there  so  sweetly  and  lovingly,  so  brightly !  ! 

"It  was  a  great  pleasure  to  me  to  go  all  round  to  see  my 
Octogenarian  friends  and  old  co-workers ;  Parker  Pillsbury 
and  wife,  Armenia  S.  White  of  Concord,  Maria  Mott  Davis, 
Lucretia  Mott's  daughter,  at  West  Medford, — then  dear 
Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace  at  Valley  Falls, — then  Elizabeth 
Cady  Stanton  in  New  York.  Then  on  my  arrival  home  I 
found  two  had  slipped  over  the  big  river, — Mrs.  Matilda 
Anthony  Mosher,  aged  79,  and  Miss  Maria  G.  Porter — 
91 — who  was  the  head  of  the  Anti-Slavery  Society  of  this 
city  all  through  those  heroic  years. 

"I  was  glad  for  the  little  visit  with  your  Lillie  and  Mary, 
but  their  noble  mother  was  my  chief  admiration. 

"Now,  my  dear,  I  hope  you  won't  forget  to  send  your 
good  contribution  to  our  National  treasurer,  so  as  to  keep 
your  name  enrolled  among  our  financial  saints  just  as  long 
as  you  remain  this  side.  Though  I  no  longer  handle  the 
money  that  goes  into  the  treasury,  it  always  does  me  a  great 
deal  of  good  to  read  the  names  of  all  of  our  dear  old  friends 
in  the  financial  report,  from  year  to  year. 

"Well,  it  was  a  good  meeting  we  had  in  Providence,  and 
a  good  check  you  sent  to  Miss  Shaw  and  me,  and  a  good 
visit  with  you,  and  also  a  good  one  with  Miss  Edd}'  and  her 
sister,  Mrs.   Harris, — so  it  was  a  good   time  generally, — 

[319] 


always  the  best  those  few  precious  minutes  with  you,  my 
dear.  So  again,  a  Happy  New  Year  to  each  and  all, — and 
yes !   and  to  Mr.  Wyman  too." 

Mr.  Douglass  came  to  see  Mrs.  Chace  several  times  during 
her  illness.  Once  while  he  was  in  the  house,  she  discovered 
that  her  nurses  were  anxious  to  meet  him,  so  she  had  them 
come  and  be  introduced  to  him  in  her  sickroom.  A  few 
minutes  later,  when  he  was  about  to  leave,  he  turned  to  them 
and  pointing  to  her  said,  in  a  husky,  broken  voice,  "Take 
good  care  of  my  patient  here." 

In  his  last  visit  he  sat  close  beside  her  bed,  so  that  she 
could  easily  hear  his  voice,  and  told  her  that  the  older  he 
grew,  the  more  certain  he  became  of  an  over-ruling  Provi- 
dence and  of  immortality.  No  one  that  day  would  have 
supposed  that  he  would  go  first,  but  he  died  about  six  months 
later. 

From  her  bed  of  pain  went  Mrs.  Chace's  message  and 
summons  as  to  the  woe  and  evil  on  the  other  side  of  the 
globe,  and  back  came  the  word  of  counsel  from  Lucy  Stone's 
daughter. 

Alice  Stone  Blackwell  to  Mrs.  Chace 

''''July  33,  1897.  It  seems  to  me  that  a  joint  protest  from 
men  and  women  against  that  iniquity  in  India  will  do  away 
with  the  need  of  a  protest  from  women  alone." 

In  August,  1897,  the  New  England  Magazine  published  a 
paper  by  Mrs.  Chace  of  Reminiscences  of  Old  Smithficld. 
This  paper  she  had  prepared  by  working  on  it  at  intervals 
for  several  years ;  but  no  sooner  did  it  appear  than  she 
began  to  compose  a  second  article,  entitled  ""In  Quaker 
Days."  In  this  she  was  obliged  to  have  some  intellectual  as 
well  as  clerical  assistance,  but  the  article  was  essentially  her 
own,  and  was  finally  published  in  a  VVoonsocket  journal. 

[320] 


In  Quaker  Uavss- 
[Extracts] 

"A  bitter  feeling  against  the  Mother  Country  still  existed 
in  New  England  in  my  childhood  and  pervaded  the  BuffniTi 
household.  Near  the  beginning  of  this  century  a  young 
Englishman,  apparently  of  fine  character,  came  to  Massachu- 
setts. He  was  a  Quaker  and  made  some  attempts  to  win 
the  youngest  daughter  of  William  Buffum. 

"But  he  was  an  'old  country  man,'  and  my  grandfather 
discouraged  his  advances  solely  on  this  account,  and  he  had 
to  obtain  a  wife  elsewhere. 

"Years  after  the  English  lover  was  sent  away  from  the 
daughter,  William  Buffum's  youngest  son  William  married 
a  girl  whose  parents  were  English.  .  .  .  She  attended  a 
Quaker  meeting  on  one  occasion  and  heard  a  Quaker  sermon, 
and  she  was  so  impressed  by  the  beauty  and  spirituality  of 
the  faith  inculcated  therein  that  she  was  converted  and  joined 
the  Society  of  Friends.  .  .  .  She  captivated  my  young  uncle, 
married  him,  and  in  due  time  became  the  mistress  of  the 
colonial  homestead.   .   .   . 

"At  the  time  my  uncle  married  this  English  girl  my  grand- 
father had  become  an  old  man.  Perhaps  his  prejudices  had 
grown  weaker,  so  that  he  did  not  refuse  his  consent.  More- 
over, the  parental  authority  was  never  exerted  so  strongly 
over  sons  as  over  daughters.  My  uncle  inherited  all  his 
mother's  sweetness  of  disposition,  and  in  my  childhood  I  was 
especially  fond  of  him.  His  wedding  in  the  Friends'  meeting 
house  was  the  first  one  I  ever  attended,  and  to  it  I  wore  my 
first  pair  of  kid  gloves  [which  were  green]." 

I  mention  the  color  here  because  Mrs.  Chace  wrote  it  in 
the  first  draft,  but  crossed  it  out  afterwards,  saying  it  was 
foolish.     I  was  interested  to  know  that  the  gloves  were  green, 

[321  ] 


having  supposed  that  early  Quakers  would  not  wear  such  a 
color.  So  when  I  took  the  sheets  to  reconstruct  the  sen- 
tences, I  put  that  clause  back;  but,  when  I  returned  the 
papers  to  her,  she  blotted  it  out  again.  I  corrected  the 
article  several  times  more,  said  nothing  to  her  about  it,  but 
each  time  restored  the  color,  which  she  erased,  until  I  silently 
submitted,  and  the  article  was  printed  without  that  clause. 

During  this  autumn  Captain  Wyman's  health  suddenly 
broke.  He  struggled  for  two  or  three  months  still  to  go 
daily  from  Valley  Falls  to  his  office  in  Providence,  but  in 
January,  1898,  he  gave  out  completely.  In  June  he  was 
so  ill  as  to  be  at  the  point  of  death  for  nearly  a  week. 
After  that  he  was  never  again  able  to  enter  Mrs.  Chace's 
room,  being  unable  to  talk  loud  enough  for  her  to  understand 
him,  and  a  few  weeks  later  he  was  moved  down  stairs.  And  so 
these  two  lived  in  the  same  house,  never  seeing  each  other  for 
the  last  eighteen  months  of  her  life.  All  that  time  two  night 
attendants  sat  up,  or  reclined  fully  dressed,  through  each 
midnight  unto  dawn ;  one  to  guard  the  feebleness  of  the  man 
to  whom  the  old  saying  was  later  applied,  that  "his  death  had 
eclipsed  the  gaiety  of  nations";  the  other  to  care  for  this 
most  majestic  woman,  who  was  dying  such  a  long,  strange 
dying. 

Edward  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^'Perugia,  Italy,  26th  Oct.,  1897.  How  long  ago  it  is  — 
twenty-three  years,  I  think,  since  you  with  your  Lillie  and 
Mary  met  Margaret  and  me  here.  And  what  friends  we  have 
been  ever  since !  God  bless  you.  I  am  here  for  a  short  holi- 
day, but  I  expect  to  be  back  in  London  next  week.  The 
weather  is  lovely,  a  glorious  blue  sky,  with  a  bracing  air. 
Americans  are  in  the  hotel,  but  alas !   none  like  you. 

"This  is  only  a  greeting  because  I  want  you  to  know  that 
you  are  in  my  thoughts  and  in  my  prayers.     I  hope  you  are 

[  322  1 


having  a  quiet,  happy,  peaceful  time,  with  those  whom  you 
love  about  you,  and  the  sense  of  God's  presence  and  blessing." 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

'^'Oct.  5th,  1897.  I  sent  thee  from  Mr.  Stockton's,  where 
I  had  been  on  a  visit,  a  copy  of  my  sister's  'Life'  of  my 
Mother.  I  wish  I  could  happen  in  upon  thee  after  thou  hadst 
read  the  parts  which  set  such  memories  as  thine  to  work.  I 
do  love  to  hear  thee  recall  thy  experiences,  and  thy  thoughts 
are  always  good  to  hear." 

From  a  Pencilled  Draft  in  Mrs.  Chace's  Handwriting 

*'Dear  President  McKinley:  With  a  degree  of  hesitation 
to  trespass  for  one  moment  on  your  valuable  time,  I,  a 
woman  of  ninety  years,  do  feel  strongly  impelled  to  express 
my  profound  and  tender  respect  and  admiration  for  the 
marvellous  ability,  patience,  wisdom  and  conscientiousness 
with  which  you  are  dealing  with  the  momentous  questions 
entrusted  to  you. 

"Permit  me  to  assure  you  that  the  loftiest  moral  senti- 
ment and  the  best  and  truest  heart  of  the  Nation  is  with 
you;  and  that  thanks  arise  therefrom  that  this  great  trust 
and  responsibility  were  providentially  placed  in  your  hands. 
Blessed  are  the  peacemakers ;  for  they  shall  be  called  the 
children  of  God. 

"In  behalf  of  the  young  manhood  which  war  would  de- 
moralize, of  the  human  life  which  war  would  sacrifice,  in 
the  interest  of  all  the  departments  of  our  country's  life,  I 
pray  that  even  at  the  eleventh  hour  your  efforts  to  avert  this 
great  affliction  may  be" — 

A  half  illegible,  incorrectly  used  word  ends  this  manu- 
script, the  writing  of  which  must  have  been  very  difficult; 
as  at  that  time,  Mrs.  Chace  had  ceased  to  use  her  hands 
much. 

[323] 


A  letter  was  prepared,  which  probably  followed  this  draft 
in  all  its  main  character  and  phrasing.  Under  date  of 
April  7th,  1898,  the  Hon.  Adin  B.  Capron,  M.C.,  acknowl- 
edged the  receipt  of  this  letter,  and  expressed  pleasure  "to  be 
the  instrument  of  its  transmission  to  the  President."  On 
April  16th,  the  President's  Secretary  wrote  cordially  to 
Mrs.  Chace,  that  her  letter  had  been  received,  "and  the 
President  has  noted  its  contents  with  pleasure."  The  ad- 
dress of  the  Secretary's  letter  shows  that  Mrs.  Chace  in  hers 
had  not  availed  herself  of  her  customary  abbreviation,  but 
had  signed  it  with  her  full  name,  Elizabeth  Buffum  Chace. 

In  the  year  1898  she  became  entirely  bedridden,  except 
that  four  or  five  times  she  was  lifted  by  a  machine  and  gently 
placed  in  a  large  easy-chair — the  sitting  position,  however, 
hurt  her  and  afterwards  the  machine  was  used  only  to  lift  her 
to  another  bed,  from  which  she  could  see  the  electric  cars, 
which  had  been  introduced  since  she  had  been  near  enough 
to  a  window  to  look  out.  In  spite  of  her  helpless  condition 
she  continued  to  send  letters  to  the  Providence  Journal.  She 
did  this  by  scribbling  a  few  words  on  a  slate,  from  which 
and  dictation  an  attendant  put  the  article  into  shape  for  the 
press.  After  the  citations  which  have  already  been  made 
from  her  writings,  it  is  only  necessary  to  give  the  titles  of 
some  written  in  this  year  which  have  hitherto  been  unnoted : 

Kindergartens,  Women  and  the  Constitution,  Make  the 
World  Better,  Woman  Suffrage  Testimony,  Children  in  the 
Street,  Curfew  Law. 

L.  B.  C.  W.  TO  Mrs.  Chace 

'* Newport,  R.  I.  [date  unknown].  Dear  Mother:  I  hope 
thee  is  sitting  up  this  afternoon.  I  am  lying  down  most  of 
the  time  in  my  room  and  resting  beautifully.  I  think  of  thee 
a  great  deal,  and  think  how  sweet  thee  looks  and  how  patient 
thee  is." 

[324  ] 


Edwaed  Clifford  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"It  is  such  a  long,  long  time  since  I  heard  of  you  and 
yours.  I  do  want  one  of  your  daughters  to  send  me  a  few 
lines,  if  you  are  scarcely  up  to  writing.  I  so  often  think  of 
you. 

"At  present  I  am  staying  with  the  Duke  of  Sutherland, — 
such  an  exquisite  place  as  much  like  Italy  as  Scotland,  with 
terrace  and  gardens  and  endless  flowers. 

"I  have  had  a  good  many  American  friends  with  me  this 
year,  but  I  suppose  I  must  not  expect  to  see  thee  unless  I 
come  over  to  Valley  Falls. 

"The  Church  Army  work  gets  more  and  more  absorbing, 
and  we  do  feel  God's  care  and  providence,  so  miraculous  day 
by  day,  though  we  ought  not  to  wonder  at  it. 

"Margaret  and  her  four  little  ones  are  well.  God  bless 
you,  dear  Mrs.  Chace,  in  body,  soul  and  spirit." 

Calvin  Fairbank  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"M^  dear  friend  of  Auld  Lang  Syne:  Reading  from  the 
Boston  Transcript,  which  Wm.  Lloyd  Garrison  sends  me,  the 
Oration  of  Mr.  Garrison  at  Parker  Pillsbury's  funeral,  I  was 
gratified  with  intelligence  from  this  noble  son  of  the  old,  peer- 
less hero,  that  you  are  still  on  this  side.  We  are  nearly  all 
dismissed  from  earth.  A  little  longer  and  the  last  of  the 
Anti-Slavery  army  will  be  discharged.  I  am  today,  81  years, 
9  months  and  10  days  in  life." 

Dr.  E.  Benjamin  Andrews  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  Chicago,  Sept.  18,  1898.  Several  weeks  ago  you  were 
kind  enough  to  write  me  a  letter,  which  I  prized  very  much. 
At  that  time  it  was  my  intention  before  leaving  Rhode  Island 
to  make  a  call  upon  you,  and  in  this  way  to  thank  you  for 
the  letter,     I  found  this  impossible,  however. 

[  325  ] 


"I  beg  hereby  to  say  that  I  reciprocate  fully  all  your 
expressions  of  high  and  kindly  regard.  I  have  always  thought 
and  often  said  that  to  you,  almost  more  than  to  any  one  now 
living,  Rhode  Island  is  indebted  for  rebellion  against  an 
effete  and  harmful  conservatism,  and  for  a  brave  public  spirit 
in  opposition  to  wrongs.  I  hope  it  is  a  pleasure  to  you  now 
to  feel  that  you  have  accomplished  so  much  in  these  and  other 
important  ways." 

This  letter  from  Dr.  Andrews  bears  strong  testimony  to 
the  weight  and  value  of  Mrs.  Chace's  work  during  his  time, 
all  the  more  because  he  probably  knew  little  or  nothing  of 
the  long  Anti-Slavery  labors  which  had  preceded  it  and  which 
had  certainly  done  something  towards  re-forming  the  Nation. 

Frank  J.  Garrison  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Boston,  Dec.  8,  1898.  I  wish  that  it  were  possible  for 
love  rnd  reverence  to  banish  the  bodily  pain  which  it  grieves 
us  all  to  see  you  compelled  to  endure.  If  they  could,  we 
should  not  be  willing  to  have  you  leave  us  before  you  had 
rounded  a  century." 

Baroness  Gripenberg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"Finland,  Helsingfors,  Dec.  16th,  1898.  My  journal  has 
grown  and  gives  me  much  work.  So  has  the  Women's  Associ- 
ation of  which  I  am  the  president.  .  .  .  The  fact  that  we  have 
two  languages,  Swedish  and  Finnish,  here  in  Finland,  makes 
my  work  so  trying,  as  we  have  to  conduct  meetings  and  ar- 
range lectures,  etc.,  in  two  languages. 

"This  year  we  have  had  great  troubles,  because  Russia, 
to  which  we  belong,  wants  us  to  increase  our  army.  Already 
now  it  is  a  very  great  burden,  for  us  to  keep  up  an  army,  as 
our  population  is  only  about  2^2  millions.  We  need  all  our 
men  for  the  agricultural  work  during  the  short  summer.    In 

[326] 


January,  we  shall  have  an  extra  Parliament  to  treat  this 
question.  You  know  that  Finland  has  a  Parliament  of  its 
own.  It  is  very  peculiar  for  us  to  read  in  the  foreign  news- 
papers about  the  Czar's  peace  manifestation,  when  he  at  the 
same  time,  exactly,  wants  to  force  us  to  increase  our  army. 
"At  present,  we  have  a  very  cold  and  penetrating  wind 
from  the  Northt  But  as  we  have  our  houses  built  with  very 
thick  walls,  and  ovens  in  every  room,  we  do  not  feel  very 
much  of  the  cold  indoors,  especially  when  we  use  birchwood 
for  the  fires.  As  we  are  used  to  the  cold  from  childhood, 
we  do  not  mind  it  so  much,  and  a  promenade  in  the  clear 
frosty  air  is  rather  nice.  When  we  return,  we  have  a  pecul- 
iar, pleasant  feeling  of  warmth.  It  is  so  dark  now,  that  in 
clear  days,  we  have  daylight  only  between  nine  and  ten  in 
the  morning  until  two  or  three  o'clock  in  the  evening." 

Baroness  Gripenberg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

Undated.  "My  journal's  name  is  Home  and  Society.  It 
has,  besides  the  Woman's  Cause  department,  three  other  de- 
partments ;  the  Household,  the  Gardening,  and  the  Needle- 
work. I  have  a  very  clever  weaving-teacher  who  manages 
the  weaving  department.  Many  peasant  women  contribute 
articles  to  the  first  department.  It  is  indeed  wonderful  the 
growth  of  the  idea. 

"Dear  Mrs.  Chace,  how  sorry  I  am  that  America  is  so  far 
away.  I  wish  it  would  be  as  near  to  us  as  Russia  is, — Russia, 
which  I  can  reach  by  rail  in  twelve  hours,  but  where  we 
Finnish  people  do  not  go. 

"Remember  that  your  life  and  work  have  been  and  are 
still  an  inspiration  to  me,  as  to  many  others." 

After  the  publication  of  the  Anti-Slaverij  Standard  had 
ceased,  Aaron  M.  Powell  and  his  wife  became  especially  active 
in  work  connected  with  personal  morality.  The  Philanthro- 
pist was  a  small  montiily  wiiich  Mr.  Powell  edited. 

[  '^27  ] 


Mrs.  Anna  Rice  Powell  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"TA^  American  Purity  Alliance,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  14^th,  1899. 
We  very  much  appreciate  your  kind  letter  of  encouragement 
and  the  $2.50  enclosed  for  three  renewals  of  The  Philanthro- 
pist. We  feel  very  much  alone  in  this  work  at  times,  and 
such  a  Godspeed  as  yours  means  a  great  deal  to  us." 

# 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^  February  3rd,  1899.  I  am  so  proud  and  touched  because 
thou  hast  been  reading  my  book  again !  I  do  wish  Mr.  Wyman 
and  Lillie  could  happen  in  on  us  this  evening.  Mr.  Howells 
and  the  Stocktons  are  coming.  Tell  Mr.  Wyman  that  my 
husband  and  I  lunched  in  company  with  Joseph  Choate  re- 
cently, and  he  was  delightful.  I  remember  times  when 
Mr.  Wyman  held  a  circle  including  him  and  my  uncle  John 
Hopper  fairly  spellbound  by  his  conversation,  stories  and 
wit." 

Baroness  Gripenberg  to  Mrs.  Chace 

^^Helsingfors,  Finland,  Feb.  16th,  1899.  Thank  you  so 
much  for  your  letter  and  the  touching  picture.  It  is  won- 
derful how  well  you  keep  up.  Nothing  but  a  strong  soul 
and  belief  in  God  can  make  life  endurable  during  such  cir- 
cumstances. 

"You  ask  me  about  our  political  conditions.  They  are 
very  sad  indeed.  The  czar,  who  arouses  the  world's  admira- 
tion by  his  peace  manifestation,  at  the  same  time  forces 
upon  Finland  all  kinds  of  illegalities,  to  make  us  increase 
our  army.  If  the  new  laws  he  wishes  to  have  passed  will 
be  confirmed,  the  majority  of  our  youth  will  be  sent  for 
five  years  to  the  south  of  Russia  and  to  Caucasia  to  serve 
their  time  as  soldiers.  Fancy  sending  boys  of  eighteen  years 
for  five  years  to  a  foreign  country,  with  different  religion, 
different  language,  and  the  Russian  army  discipline !     Be- 

[  328  T 


sides  that,  it  means  ruin  to  our  little  country  with  its  hard 
climate  and  scanty  population,  to  have  the  majority  of  its 
men  sent  away  to  the  army.  The  czar's  peace  manifestation 
is  a  bitter  irony ;    only  diplomacy,  nothing  more. 

"I  do  not  approve  of 's  attitude  in  several  questions, 

as  I  think  we  'women's  rights'  women'  must  be  attentive 
concerning  our  own  conduct,  when  we  claim  reforms  in  the 
public  morals.  You  ask  if  we  have  the  state  regulation  of 
vice.  Not  exactly.  Our  constitution  strictly  forbids  it,  but 
sometimes  the  local  authorities  are  able  to  introduce  it,  in 
a  certain  form.     We  have  to  be  on  a  constant  lookout. 

"The  little  girl  I  took  care  of  is  now  fifteen.  She  has 
never  been  living  with  me,  but  with  one  of  my  married  sis- 
ters, who  had  adopted  her  two  elder  sisters.  My  sister  could 
not  afford  to  adopt  the  third  girl,  and  so  I  promised  to 
pay  for  her,  and  give  her  education.  She  goes  to  a  co-educa- 
tional 13'ceum,  and  will  pass  her  first  examination  to  the 
university,  after  four  years. 

"I  wonder  if  you  have  got  the  papers  I  sent  you.  I  hope 
to  get  soon  a  new  photograph  of  myself,  and  that  I  will 
send  you.  You  will  scarcely  know  me.  The  climate  makes 
us  early  look  old,  and  the  stoutness  is  a  common  curse  among 
us,  especially  for  those  who  have  work  like  mine,  much  writ- 
ing, proof-reading  and  night  work. 

"I  follow  everything  going  on  in  America  with  great 
interest,  and  like  my  Woman's  Journal  very  much. 

"God  bless  you,  dear  Mrs.  Chace." 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Chace 

"iV.  F.,  May  24th,  1899.  My  darling.  Thy  pencilled  note 
is  very  precious  to  me.  Thy  thought  of  us  is  most  beauti- 
ful and  thy  blessing  is  the  crowning  glory  of  our  preparation. 
The  other  day  I  presided  at  the  last  Board  Meeting  of  our 
colored   kindergarten,  and  was  presented  with  a  beautiful 

[329  ] 


steamer  rug,  which  twelve  colored  women  had  bought  for 
me.  Now  thee  has  earned  that  sort  of  thing  a  thousand 
times  over,  but  I  have  not  and  I  was  overwhelmed. 

"This  is  only  a  wee  bit  of  a  love-letter.  Let  Lillie  smile 
at  us — and  give  her  my  dear  love  for  her  smile, — and  just 
tell  thy  dear  family  that  our  sentiment  for  each  other  is 
chronic." 

Again  on  June  22wrf  Mrs.  Morse  writes : 
"We  are  going  with  gifts   and  good  wishes   from  many 
dear  friends,  but  the  best  thing  we  take  is  thy  blessing." 

Penciled  Note  from  Mrs.  Chace  to  Mrs.  Mary  C. 

TOLMAN 

^^8— 4-— 99. — Dear  Mary. — I  was  glad  to  learn  that  thee 
and  Elizabeth  thought  of  coming  up  .   .   .  so,  let  us  expect 
you  early  next  week.     I  am  glad  Lillie  is  so  much  better. 
Much  love  to  her  and  all  the  rest. 
"Cotton  business  is  good!  !  ! 

"Aff'y 

"Mother" 

The  letter  from  which  an  extract  is  given  below  I  think 
was  not  brought  to  the  invalid's  consideration. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cady  Stanton  to  Mrs.  Chace 

*'Dec.  8th,  1899.  I  send  you  a  specimen  of  my  early 
speeches,  that  you  may  judge  whether  they  are  worth  re- 
publishing for  our  descendants  to  read." 

Some  verses  written  by  William  L.  Garrison  for  his 
friend's  ninety-third  birthday  were  received  on  December  9th, 
but,  although  she  was  told  of  them,  it  was  too  late  to  read 
them  to  her. 

[330] 


Frank  J.  Garrison  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

''Dec.  13th,  1899.  I  learned  from  William  that  your  dear 
Mother  was  released  yesterday.  She  and  Mr.  May  have 
passed  through  the  gate  very  nearly  together,  and  another 
faithful  Abolitionist  on  the  other  side  of  the  water — Eliza 
Wigham — has  also  recently  gone." 

Edward  H.  Magill  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

''Dec.  IJfth,  1899.  How  I  wish  it  were  my  lot  to  be  with 
you  tomorrow,  but  that  may  not  be.  I  am  so  glad  that 
Wm.  L.  Garrison  is  to  be  there." 

Mrs.  Lucy  G.  Morse  to  Mrs.  Mary  C.  Tolman 

"December  l^^th,  1899.  I  learned  last  evening  that  thy 
dear  mother  had  gone,  and  with  the  knowledge  it  seemed  as 
if  a  light  had  gone  out  which  I  shall  always  miss,  and  I  know 
that  her  absence  takes  from  me  an  enthusiasm  in  life  which 
it  is  hard  to  spare.  With  a  feeling  of  nearness  to  you  all, 
Thy  loving  friend." 

Thomas  Wentworth  Higginson  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"Dec.  14th,  1899.  Dear  Lillie:  Thank  you  for  thinking 
of  me.  I  had  seen  the  notice  of  your  Mother's  passing  on, 
and  it  seemed  almost  the  last  link  with  my  elders  and  betters 
in  the  work  of  reform.  It  always  did  me  good  to  know  that 
she  was  there ;  and  I  should  go  to  the  funeral  service  if  health 
permitted. 

"I  remember  your  Mother's  showing  me  scrap  books  of 
your  grandfather  Arnold  Buffum's  newspaper  writings.  As 
the  collection  is,  of  course,  unique,  would  it  not  be  well  to 
add  them  to  the  great  collection  of  Anti-Slavery  MSS.  and 
memorials  which  Frank  Garrison  is  giving  to  the  Boston 
Public  Library.''    I  am  making  some  additions  to  it." 

[331  ] 


Mrs.  Julia  Ward  Howe  to  L.  B.  C.  W. 

"^^i  Beacon  Street,  Dec.  20th,  1899.  It  is  indeed  a  sor- 
rowful thought  that  we  shall  not  see  again  in  this  world  the 
face  of  your  beloved  Mother.  Hers  was  an  august  presence, 
and  must  be  so  remembered  by  all  who  were  fortunate  enough 
to  know  her. 

"I  always  valued  her  kind  regard  for  me,  and  was  glad 
to  respond  to  her  summons  when  she  would  call  upon  me 
to  speak  for  Suffrage.  I  remember  too  how  she  stood  by 
me  at  the  Prison  Congress  in  London,  asking  that  I  might 
be  heard. 

"She  has  been  such  a  central  figure  of  interest  to  her 
family  and  many  friends  that  she  will  be  much  missed.  I 
sympathize  sincerely  in  the  pain  you  and  yours  must  feel 
at  the  severance  of  so  dear  a  tie." 


I  do  not  wish  to  claim  too  much  as  I  now  end  my  account 
of  Mrs  Chace  in  her  capacity  both  of  woman  and  of  citizen, 
but  I  feel  that  I  am  not  exaggerating  when  I  say  that  no 
future  scholar  who  would  learn,  no  future  historian  who 
would  report  the  sources  of  influence  in  New  England  and 
especially  in  Rhode  Island  between  the  years  1830  and  1900, 
can  afford  to  leave  unnoted  the  life  of  Elizabeth  Buffum 
Chace.  She  did  not  always  shape  the  sentences  which  she 
wrote  in  the  best  literary  style ;  she  even  made  an  occasional 
grammatical  error,  which  I  have  allowed  to  stand  as  I  found 
it ;  she  held  some  opinions  which  were  inadequate  to  their 
subject,  and  some  which  were  not  quite  up  to  the  level  of  the 
highest  thought  of  her  period ;  but  she  honestly  and  steadily 
endeavored  after  righteousness,  did  the  work  which  seemed  to 
her  most  needed,  and  thus  fulfilling  the  noblest  duty  of  the 
citizen  she  advanced  the  civilization  of  her  country. 

[332] 


INDEX  TO  MEMOIRS 


In  indexing  we  have  sometimes  introduced 
slightly  irrelevant  but  interesting  items ;  and 
we  have  used  "Mrs."  in  indexing  the  names 
of  women  whom  we  know  to  be  married  but 
do  not  know  the  husband's  name.  +  means 
additional  mention  on  the  page. 

Adams,  Abigrail 

[Wife  of  John],  II:    313. 
Adams,  Capt.  Albert  Egerton 

Masked  ball,  II:    35;    36. 
Adams,  Charles   Francis 

Biographer  of  R.  H.  Dana,  I:    250. 
Adams,  George   James 

I:    160. 
Adams,  John 

Second  Pres.  U.  S.,  II:    313. 
Adams,  John   Quincy 

"Defender  of  the  right,"  I:  41;  A.  S.  in- 
terview with  Arnold  Buflfum,  60 ;  believed 
that  in  case  of  war  Federal  Government  had 
full  power  to  emancipate  slaves,  216—7  ;  opin- 
ions quoted  by  Liberator,  225 ;  his  emancipa- 
tion theory  questioned,  248. 
Adams,  Mrs.  

I:    188. 
Adams,  Mary  M. 

[Wife  of  George  James],   I:    176-7. 
Adams,  Robert 

Conductor  on  underground  R.  R.,  II :  265-9. 
Adams,  William 

Delegate  from  R.  I.  to  World's  A.  S.  Conv., 
I:  78. 
Adier,  Felix 

Heard  and  described  by  E.  B.  C,  II:  104-6  ; 
cannot  recommend  a  certain  person  for  Supt. 
of  State  Home  and  Sch.,  248. 
Adier,  Mrs.   Felix 

H:    248. 
Albert  Fdward,   Prince   of   Wales 

II :  8 ;  Prison  Congress  delegates  selected  to 
meet  him,  16 ;  at  a  soiree,  16 ;  disapproved 
of  by  P.  A.  Taylor,  19. 


Albright,   Arthur  ] 

II:    2. 
Alcott,  Amos  Bronson 

I:    109. 
Alcott,  Liouisa  M. 

Her  Flower  Fables,  I:    131. 
Aldrich,  

Five   brothers   marry   the   five   Arnold   girls, 
II:    285. 
Aldrich,  Anna   [Gladding] 

[Wife    of    Elisha],    possible    substitute    on 
Woman's  Board,  H :    72 ;    calls  at  Homestead, 
317. 
Aldrich,  Nelson   W. 

[Senator  from  R.  I.],  evasive  reply  to  S.  B. 
Anthony,  II:    214. 

Alexandra      (Caroline     Marie     Charlotte 
Liouise  Julie),   Princess  of  Wales 

II:    8. 
Alien,  Waiter 

Marries    one    of    Wm.    Buffum's    daughters, 
I:    6. 
Ailingham,  William 

Irish    poet,    acquaintance    with    E.    B.    C.'s 
party,  II:   11. 
Ames,  Rev.   Ciiarles  G. 

Friendly  letter  to  E.  B.  C,  II:  293-4;  men- 
tioned   with   wife,    294. 
AmeH,  Hon.  Oaiies 

Delegate  to  interview  with  Lincoln,  Jan.  25, 
1863,   I:    249. 
Andersen,   Hans  Christian 

His  books,  I:    131. 
Andrews,   Pres.   E.  BenJ. 

First  efforts  to  establish  a  Woman's  College 
in  connection  with  Brown  University  in 
Prov.,  II:  251;  interest  in  E.  B.  C.'s  effort 
to  discourage  use  of  tobacco,  2S6-7 ;  his 
estimate  of  E.  B.  C.'s  work  in  R.  I.,  325-6. 
Anglesey,  Marquis  and  Marchioness  of 

II:    22. 
Antiiony,  Adam 

Friendship  with  E.  B.  C.  ;  second  marriage ; 
his  opinion  of  Consuelo,  1 :    127-8. 


[333] 


Anthony.   Charlotte   Benson 

[Wife  of  Henry],  1:    136. 
Anthony,  Henry 

Marries  Charlotte  Benson,  1 :  136 ;  not  in 
much  sympathy  with  Garrison's  opinions,  137. 
Anthony,   Hon.  Henry  Bowen 

Approaching  retirement  from  Senate,  II :  54  ; 
62:    213. 
Anthony,   Joseph 

Uncle  of  E.  B.  C,  I:    26,  136. 
Anthony,   Martha 

[Wife  of  Adam],  I:    128. 
Anthony,  3Iary  Gould 

[Dau.  of  John  Gould  and  wife  of  Joseph], 
I:   26;   136. 
Anthony,  Susan 

[Sister  of  Adam],  anecdote,  I:    127. 
Anthony,  Susan  Brownell 

Prominent  in  Nat'l  W.  S.  Assn.,  I:  310; 
opposes  15th  amendment,  316 ;  residuary  lega- 
tee in  Mrs.  Eddy's  will,  II :  169 ;  effort  to 
get  details  of  W.  S.  movement  in  R.  I.,  185 ; 
untiring  activity  in  behalf  of  W.  S. ;  +, 
190-1 ;  urges  attendance  at  Wash.  Conv.,  212 ; 
sends  E.  B.  C.  copies  of  letters  from  Senators 
Chace  and  Aldrich  on  W.  S.  amendment, 
213-14  ;  urges  E.  B.  C.  to  send  paper  to  be 
read  at  Conv.,  235  ;  294  ;  anecdote,  303  ;  306  ; 
hopes  to  see  E.  B.  C.  on  her  birthday,  318 ; 
rejoices  in  recent  visits  to  old  friends,  319. 
Argyle,  George  Douglas  Campbell, 
eighth  Duke  of 

Invites  Wm.  Bradford  to  his  castle,  II:   24. 
Arnold,   Alexander   S. 

1 :    288 ;    believes  Samuel  Oliver  Chase  could 
organize    temperance    work    in    Valley    Falls, 
293-4. 
Arnold,  Cyrus 

Mentioned  with  daughters,  II:    285. 
Arnold,  Judge  Peleg 

II:    285. 
Arnold,  Thomas 

[Half-brother  of  Grandmother  Buffum], 
I:    151. 
Ashley,   Caroline 

Mentioned  in  reminiscence,  II:    238. 
Atkinson,  Charles 

Visited  by  Arnold  Buffum,  I:    89. 
Augustine,    Saint,    Li.    Aurellus    AuguB- 
tinus 

Subject  of  lecture,  II:    108. 
Auld,   Rowena   Hamilton 

[Second  wife  of  Thomas],  II:    135. 
Auld,  Thomas 

[Old  master  of  Frederick  Douglass],  H:  186. 


Austin,  George  I<. 

Biographer  of   Wendell   Phillips,   quotatioM 
from,  I:    82-4. 
Austin,  Samuel 

Obtains   use   of   Quaker  Meeting  House   for 
Peace  Meeting,  I:    288. 
Baker,  ^^ 

A  R.  I.  legislator,  II:    165. 
Baker,  L..  E. 

Tries  to  make  appointment  for  E.  B.  C.  to 
meet  Mr.  Chapin,  II:    288-^. 
Baker,  M.  E. 

Matron    of    long    experience    in    reformatory 
institutions    approves    E.    B.    C.'s    theories, 
II:    87. 
Ballou,  Adin 

Inspiring    genius    of    Hopedale    community, 
1 :   121 ;    considered  as  A.  S.  speaker  for  Prov. 
meetings,  182;    186. 
Ballou,  Amos 

Cumberland  farmer,  brother-in-law  of  Abby 
Kelley,  1 :   121. 
Ballou,  B.  A. 

Mentioned,  II:    222. 
Ballou,    G.    C. 

Redeems  pledge  made  to  Abby   Kelley  Fos- 
ter, I:    168. 
Ballou,   Hosea 

Founder  of  the  Universalist  Church,  1 :   121. 
Ballou,  Joanna 

[Wife  of   Amos],   her  personality;     help  to 
her  sister,  Abby  Kelley  ;    her  home,  1 :  121-2 ; 
mentioned,  II:    282. 
Barbieri,  Lieut.  £nrico 

His  love  affair,   II :    37 ;     result  of  conflict 
with  Clericals,  39-40 ;    Catholicism,  comment 
on  the  king,  40-1. 
Barker,  Mrs.  Catherine  J. 

Gives  anecdote  of  pro-slavery  in  Prov.,  her 
father's  course,  II:    273. 
Barker,   Ellen 

Visits    E.    B.    C.  ;      describes    housekeeping 
methods   of  E.    B.   C.   and   S.   B.   C,   I:   29; 
later  marries  Christy  Davis. 
Bar  ran,  John 

[Mayor  of  Leeds],  entertains  E.  B.  C.'s  party 
at  his  house,  II:    20. 
Barry,  Miss  ^— 

Sings    at    memorial    meeting    for    Wendell 
Phillips,  II :    180. 
Bartlett,   Jennie   B. 

[Wife  of  Capt.  John  R.,  U.  S.  N.],  thought- 
ful kindness,  II:    311. 
Bartlett,  John  B. 

Sec'y  of  State  of  R.  I.  (1870),  I:   334. 


[334] 


Bartlett,  Otis 

Marries  Wm.  BufFum's  dau.,  1 :    6 ;    second 
wedding,  17. 
Bartol,  Cyrus  A.,  D.D. 

Radical  Club,  1 :    306 ;    speaks  at  Edward  G. 
Chace's  funeral,  342. 
Barton,  Mrs.  

Sister  of  Abby  Kelley  Foster,  II:    228-9. 
Beecber,   Rev.   Henry   Ward 

I:    150;    advocates  W.  S.,  304. 
Beede,   Mary 

Christian  character,  1 :    19. 
Benson,   Charlotte 

[Sister    of    Helen    Eliza    Benson],    I:    136. 

See  Anthony,  Charlotte  B. 
Benson,  Helen  Miza 

I:    136.     See  Garrison,  Helen  E. 
Bird,  Francis   W. 

Delegate   to    interview    with    Lincoln,    Jan., 
1863 ;    believed  Lincoln  "  ignored  moral  forces 
as   having   anything  to   do   with   the  govern- 
ment of  the  world,"  I:    249. 
BIrney,  Mr.  

[Probably  son  of  James  G.]. 

See  appendix  to  Vol.   I. 
Birney,   Mrs.  — 

[Probably  widow  of  James  G.],  I:    209. 
Bismarcli,  Otto  Edouard  Leopold,  Prince 
von, 

II :    34 ;     policy   characterized  by   Baroness 
Gripenberg,  250. 
Blackwell,  Alice  Stone 

Mother's  solicitude,  II :  189  ;  228  ;  message  to 
her  mother   through  E.   B.   C,  295 ;     advises 
joint  protest  by  men  and  women,  320. 
Blackwell,  Mrs.  Antoinette  Brown 

Sole    signer    with    Lucy    Stone    to    W.    R. 
petition,  I:    290. 
Blackwell,  Henry  B. 

II :    180  ;     188  ;     relations  to  his  wife,  220  ; 
speaks  at  Abby  Kelley  Foster's  funeral,  229 ; 
+  ;    sends  message  to  wife  through  E.  B.  C, 
295. 
Blaine,  James  O. 

II:    190. 
Blair,   Montgomery 

Advocates  colonization,  I:    244. 
Blaisdell,  F.  D. 

Supt.  R.  L  State  Farm,  sends  details  of 
State  Farm  management  to  E.  B.  C,  II:  71-2. 
Blavatsky,  Madame 

[Helena    Petrovna     Hahn-Hahn],     described 
and  discredited  by  M.  D.  Conway,  II :    207. 
Bolles,  Mrs.  Ellen  K. 

II:  305. 


Boodry,    ^^ 

Tyrannical  overseer,  I:    41. 
Booth,  Edwin 

In  Boston,  I:   344. 
Borden,  Nathaniel  B. 

Delegate  to  A.  S.  Conv.,  I:  48;  on  the 
right  side,  49 ;  goes  with  Arnold  Bufifum 
among  colored  people,  58;  "beloved  co- 
worker," 64 ;  keeper  of  station  on  under- 
ground R.  B.,  II:  265. 
Borden,  Sarah  Gould  [Buffum] 

[Wife  of  Nath'l  B.],  death  of,  effect  upon 
Chace  family,  1 :  129 ;  early  friend  of  Doug- 
lass, II :  139 ;  keeper  of  station  on  under- 
ground R.  R.,  265. 

See  Buffum,  Sarah  G. 
Bosweli,   James 

L.  B.  C.  reads  his  Life  of  Johnson,  I:  203. 
Botume,   Elizabeth 

Relates    experience    among    colored    people, 
II :    209-10. 
Bourne,  Augustus  O. 

Ivominee  for  Gov.  of  R.  I.,  1883,  asked  for 
views  on  W.  S.,  II:  174. 
Bowditch,  Dr.  Henry  I. 

II:    180. 
Bowditch,  William  I. 

II:    191. 
Boweu,  Abm. 

Delegate  to  A.  S.  Conv.,  I:    48. 
Boyden,  Rev.  John 

Vice-Pres.     R.     I.     Woman    Suffrage    Assn. 
(1868),  I:    311. 
Bradford,    William 

Quaker  painter  of  arctic  scenery,  takes  E. 
B.  C.'s  sons  to  Labrador,  1 :  275-6 ;  visits 
Marquis  of  Lome,  receives  invitation  to  Duke 
of  Argyle's  castle ;  entertains  Henry  M. 
Stanley,  II :  24 ;  takes  E.  B.  C.  to  hear 
Spurgeon ;  Langham  Studio,  Labrador  paint- 
ings, 48. 
Bradley,  Judge  C.   S. 

Interested  in  starting  a  woman's  college  in 
connection  with  Brown  University,  II:    166. 
Breed,   Daniel 

Acknowledges    gift    for    freedmen,    anecdote, 
comments  on  Pres.  Johnson  (1866),  I:    287. 
Bremer,   Fredrika 

Character  and  appearance,  I:   114,  150,  151. 
Brigbam,  Mrs.  Dora 

[Dau.  Father  Taylor],  I:    297;    298. 
Bright,  Jacob 

[Brother  of  John],  II:  29;  190;  E.  B.  C.'s 
book  recalls  his  acquaintance  with  A.  S. 
movement,  approves  of  W.  B.  movement,  276. 


[335] 


Brirbt,   John       • 
1 :   244  ;  S45  ;    bust  of,  II :   182. 
Bronson,  A. 

Delegate  to  A.  S.  Conv.,  1 :    48 ;    adopts  im- 
mediate emancipation  principle,  49. 
Brooks,   Phillips 

Quoted,  II:    291. 
Brooks,  Preston  8. 

II :    25 ;    door   by  which  he   entered   to  as- 
sault Sumner  shown  E.   B.  C.  ;     +,  133. 
Brown,  Annie 

[Dau.  of  John].     See  appendix.  Vol.  I. 
Brown,  Caroline  Bartlett 

[Wife   of   Isaac],    characterizes   the    Buffum 
family,  I:  6;   cousin  of  E.   B.  C,  friendship 
with,  126-7;    II:    28. 
Brown,  Elizabeth 

II:    238. 
Brown,  Frederick 

[Brother  of  John],  visits  E.  B.   C,   tribute 
to    Mrs.    John    Brown,   admires   Mrs.    Spring, 
anecdote,    1 :     207 ;     to    speak    at   Pawtucket, 
212.     See  appendix.  Vol.  I. 
Brown,  Jason 

[Son  of  John],   pioneer  Kansas  settler,   lov- 
ing  tribute   from   his   father,    "on  the   right 
side  of  things  in  general,"  I:   209. 
Brown,  John 

Day  of  execution  (Dec.  2,  1859),  I:  200; 
his  approaching  doom,  mentioned  in  E.  B. 
C.'s  Reminiscences,  incidents  on  Dec.  2,  206—7  ; 
unselfishness  of  his  men,  his  plans  somewhat 
known  by  Phillips,  208 ;  sing^  hymns  in 
prison,  loving  tribute  to  his  son  Jason,  ex- 
tract from  letter  to  Mrs.  Spring,  209-10 ; 
"John  Brown  Year,"  245.  See  appendix. 
Vol.  I ;  his  biography  by  B.  D.  Webb,  II :  6 ; 
his  funeral  sermon  preached  by  Joshua  Young, 
256;  272. 
Brown,  Dr.  John 

Author  of  "  Bab  and  His  Friends,"  anecdote, 
II:    23. 
Brown,  Mary  E.   [Day] 

[Wife    of    John],    tribute    from    Frederick 
Brown,    1 :   207.     See  appendix.  Vol.  I. 
Brown,  Rebecca  Bartlett 

[Widow  of  John  D.],  cousin  of  E.  B.  C, 
1 :  126-7 ;  mentioned  for  appointment  on 
Board  of  Lady  Visitors  to  institutions  where 
women  and  children  were  confined,  333 ; 
writes  about  E.  B.  C.'s  book,  II:  278. 
Brown,  Sarah 

[Dau.  of  John].     See  appendix.  Vol.  I. 
Brown,  Theophilus 

Friend  of  J.  C.  W.,  II:    4. 


Brown.  William  Wella 

Delegate  to  Peace  Congress,  visits  E.  B.  C, 
racial  intermarriage  question,  raises  colored 
recruits,  I:  142-3;  work  in  R.  I.,  consults 
E.  B.  C.  about  lecture  dates,  goes  to  Ohio, 
agent  of  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.,  172-4 ;  175. 
Browns 

[The,    of   East   Greenwich],   A.    S.   workers, 
II:    238. 
Browning:,  Robert 

II:    11. 
Bruce,   Thomas 

[Eng.   Home  Sec'y],  received  ceremoniously 
at  Prison  Cong.,  II:    14. 
Bryce,  £liza 

A.  S.  worker,  I:    87. 
Bucklin,  Ben 

Kindness  during  Samuel  O.   Chace's  last  ill- 
ness, I:    296. 
Bucklin,  Mrs.  

Mentioned  for  appointment  on  Board  of  Lady 
Visitors    to    institutions    where    women    and 
children  are  confined,  1 :   333. 
Bucklin,  Sarah 

Represents  Goddess  of  Liberty  in  tableaux, 
I:  117. 

See  Mann,   Sarah  B. 
BufHngrton,  Susan 

Marries  Oliver  Chace,  goes  to  housekeeping 
in  the  carpenter  shop;    -f-,  I:  22. 

See  Chace,  Susan  B. 
Buffum,  Anne  Vernon 

Goes  to  Europe  with  E.  B.  C,  II:    3;    22; 
27;    74;    201. 
Buffum,  Arnold 

[B.  Smithfield,  R.  L,  1782,  d.  Perth  Amboy, 
N.  J.,  March,  1859],  marries  Rebecca  Gould, 
his  ancestry,  1 :  3-5  ;  brothers  and  sisters  ; 
brings  wife  home ;  birth  of  dau.  Elizabeth ; 
Buffum  characteristics,  6 ;  a  Federalist ;  an 
inventor,  his  patents  bear  autograph  signa- 
ture of  Thos.  Jefferson  ;  business ;  other  in- 
terests, 7;  moves  to  Smithfield;  +,9;  fails 
in  business;  +,  10  I  moves  to  Conn.;  teaches 
Non-Conformity  to  his  children,  13 ;  indignant 
at  harsh  treatment  of  pauper ;    +,15. 

A  lover  of  books,  his  library ;  reads  novel, 
15-17  ;  will  not  take  Elizabeth  to  the  theater, 
17  ;  18  ;  20  ;  business  trips  to  Europe  ;  ac- 
quaintance with  Amelia  Opie  and  Lafayette; 
establishes  "infant  schools"  in  Fall  River, 
21 ;  23  ;  consents  to  Elizabeth's  engagement  to 
Samuel  B.  Chace,  24 ;  in  Paris  at  time  of 
wedding,  celebrates  afar  off;     +,25. 

Lecturing  agent  and  first  Pres.  of  N.  E.  A. 


[336] 


S.  Soc. ;  active  in  temperance  work ;  busi- 
ness in  Phila.  ;  tries  to  invent  rotary  steam 
engine  ;  +  ;  lives  on  75c.  per  week  ;  estab- 
lishes a  home,  30 ;  care  for  his  wife ;  so- 
licitude about  E.  B.  C,  34;  one  of  twelve 
men  to  organize  N.  E.  A.  S.  Soc;  +,  44; 
speaks  at  Uxbridge ;  -{-,  46 ;  with  fugitive 
slaves,  50 ;    addresses  A.  S.  meeting,  54. 

Social  relations  with  colored  people,  58 ; 
goes  to  see  J.  Q.  Adams  ;  evades  pro-slavery 
postal  regulations ;  vital  interests  ;  a  stimu- 
lus to  E.  B.  C,  60-1 ;  69  ;  74  ;  agent  of  A.  S. 
Soc,  78;  joins  voting  Abolitionists,  holds 
peace  principles,  85 ;  compliments  his  wife, 
takes  her  with  him  on  lecture  trips  ;  experi- 
ences ;  -f ,  85-6,  88-92  ;  edits  Protectionist, 
his  politics  opposed  by  E.  B.  C,  87—8 ;  asks 
E.  B.  C.  for  poem  for  paper,  91. 

Reads  Combe  on  "  The  Constitution  of  Man," 
91 ;  pities  the  suffering  of  one  who  had 
wronged  him,  92  ;  100  ;  held  in  high  estima- 
tion by  Mr.  Chace,  118 ;  goes  into  Liberty 
Party,  to  Garrison's  regret ;  held  in  grateful 
remembrance  by  Garrison,  137 ;  tells  of  ex- 
traordinary ideas  about  the  colored  race ; 
contrasts  Quaker  meeting  with  colored  Meth- 
odist meeting,  150 ;  interest  in  Spiritualism, 
151 ;    attitude  towards  churches,  152. 

Health  and  tranquillity,  153  ;  lives  at  Rari- 
tan  Bay  Union,  visit  from  E.  B.  C,  155,  157  ; 
religious  feeling ;  tribute  to  Geo.  Fox,  158-9  ; 
illness ;  affectionate  tribute  from  Garrison, 
159 ;  tribute  from  E.  B.  C,  161 ;  associa- 
tion with  Peleg  Clark,-  198 ;  death  of,  198, 
199;    tribute  from  J.  Swain,  308. 

II:  21;  27;  in  Conn.,  89;  grandfather  of 
L.  B.  C,  100;  mentioned  by  W.  P.  Garrison, 
223-4  ;  A.  S.  anecdotes  of  childhood,  260-1 ; 
becomes  an  Immediate  Emancipationist,  261-2  ; 
visits  Valley  Falls,  faints  while  speaking  at 
political  meeting,  269-70 ;  272 ;  honored  by 
Mrs.  Nichol,  276 ;  A.  S.  labors  remembered, 
295  ;  his  newspaper  writingrs,  331. 
BufTuni.  Benjamin 

I:    255-6. 
Buffum,  David 

Abominates  slavery,  but  feels  A.  S.  speakers 
too  harsh  in  tone ;  anecdote  showing  himself 
an  Immediate  Emancipationist ;  feeling  about 
Nebraska  bill ;  anecdote  of  father,  1 :  167,  168  ; 
sends  money  to  E.  B.  C.  for  A.  S.  work,  176. 
BiifTum,  Edward  Gould 

1 :  7  ;  interest  in  Roman  Catholicism,  70 ; 
92 ;  93 ;  reminiscence,  100 ;  brings  birds  from 


California ;  becomes  Paris  correspondent  of 
N.  Y.  Herald,  203 ;  in  Germany,  288  ;  II :  27. 
Buffum.  Elizabeth 

[B.  Prov.,  R.  I.,  Dec  9,  1806,  marries  Sam- 
uel B.  Chace,  June,  1828,  d.  Dec.  12,  1899]  ; 
birth,  ancestry,  1 :  1-4 ;  unites  qualities  of 
I.ydia  Arnold  and  Margaret  Osborne,  5  ;  Buffum 
harvest  feast ;  general  influences  surrounding 
her  childhood,  5-7 ;  earliest  remembrance, 
7-8  ;  attends  school ;  Quaker  dress  ;  childish 
experiences,  8-9 ;  religious  ideas ;  hopes  for 
miracle  through  prayer,  8—12 ;  meets  Wm. 
Ellery  Channing,  D.D.,  his  kindness,  12-13. 

Removes  to  Conn. ;  school  experiences  be- 
cause of  Non-Conformity  principles ;  stanch 
belief  in  Quakerism,  13-14 ;  specimen  of  her 
literary  style  and  exalted  sentiments  at  15 ; 
temperament ;  intimacy  with  sister  Sarah  ; 
visits  Leicester  relatives  ;  reading  opportuni- 
ties and  restrictions,   14—16,   17. 

Sympathy  with  Geo.  D.  Prentice's  romance; 
wants  to  see  Mathews  act  (in  later  life 
goes  to  theater)  ;  association  with  boy 
cousins  ;  her  composition  published  in  Manu- 
facturer's Journal,  16-18;  youthful  admirers; 
takes  care  of  Grandmother  Buffum ;  goes  to 
Friends'  Sch.  in  Prov.  ;  makes  acquaintance 
with  Chace  family,  18. 

Moral  reflections  ;  family  incidents,  19 ;  re- 
moves to  Fall  River,  occupations,  20  ;  teaches 
school,  +,  21 ;  engaged  to  Samuel  BufHng- 
ton  Chace,  24  ;  wedding  preparations  ;  mar- 
ried when  21 ;    i)ersonal  appearance,  25. 

See  Chace,   Elizabeth  Buffum. 
BufTum,  Horace 

Helps  E.  B.  to  her  first  publication,  I:   17. 
Buffum,  James  N. 

Guest  of  Jacob  Bright,  II:    276. 
Buflfum,  Joseph 

First  settler  of  the  family  in   R.    I.,  I:  S; 
4;  6. 
Buffum,  Lucy 

IDau.  of  Arnold],  I:    7;    II:   252. 

See  Lovell,  Lucy  B. 
Buffum,  Lydia 

[Dau.  of  Arnold],  younger  sister  of  E.  B., 
1 :  7  ;  helps  E.  B.  C.  keep  house,  28 ;  40 ; 
teaches  school  of  white  and  colored  children, 
48;  suggests  petition  against  "Patton's  reso- 
lution," 49 ;  prominent  in  A.  S.  work,  51 ; 
interest  in  fugitive  slave  girl,  61 ;  71 ;  enjoys 
lecture  in  N.  Y.,  88  ;    hears  Douglass,  143-4. 

See  Read,  Lydia  Buffum. 
Buffum,   Lydia  Arnold 

[Wife  of  Wm.],  character,  anecdotes,  I:  4-5; 


[337] 


household,  6 ;    E.  B.  her  favorite  grandchild, 
7  ;    takes  E.  B.  home  ;    First  Day  hospitality  ; 
anecdote,  10-11 ;    18 ;    151 ;    H :    162  ;    285. 
Buffum,  Maris 

I:    209. 
BufTum,  Marian 

[Wife  of  Wm.  Arnold],  II:   27, 
Buffum,  Margaret  Osborne 

[Wife     of     Joseph],     dominant     character, 
mother  of  fourteen  children,  brings  up  others, 
adopts  Quakerism,   1 :    3-4 ;     contrasted   with 
Lydia  Arnold  BufJum,  5  ;    6. 
Buffum,   Mary   l.ee 

II:  74;  comments  on  E.  B.  C.'s  nature,  316. 
Buffum,  Patience 

Marries  Pliny  Earle,  I:   6. 
Buffum,   Rebecca 

[Dau.  of  Arnold],  I:  7;  23;  35;  teaches  in 
Uxbridge,  interest  in  fugitive  slave  Susan, 
44-7 ;  sweetness  of  character ;  moral  and 
intellectual  courage,  47. 

See  Spring,  Rebecca  Buffum. 
Buffum,  Rebecca  Gould 

[Wife  of  Arnold],  I:  6;  8;  truthful  charac- 
ter, 9 ;  19 ;  beauty  in  age,  21 ;  unable  to 
meet  exposure  in  winter,  34 ;  accompanies 
husband  on  A.  S.  lecturing  trips ;  anecdotes ; 
fortitude,  arouses  her  husband's  admiration, 
85-6  ;  traveling  experiences,  88-9 ;  husband's 
devotion  ;  illness,  learns  to  be  philosophical, 
+,  90-91;  110;  daughter's  reminiscence,  148; 
health,  153;  at  R.  B.  U.,  155;  161;  remem- 
bered by  Garrison,  260;  288;  message  from 
the  Garrisons,  337  ;  II :  269. 
Buffum,    Sarah   Gould 

[Dau.  of  Arnold],  E.  B.'s  intimate  sister, 
1 :  7  ;  8  ;  15  ;  16  ;  love  affairs,  18  ;  neglect 
of  E.  B.,  +,  19;  Quaker  milliner,  20;  A.  S. 
worker,  48,  49,  51-2  ;    60 ;    anecdote,  II :  263. 

See  Borden,  Sarah  Gould. 
Buffum,  Tliomas 

Refuses  promotion  to  a  higher  court,  I:    5. 
Buffum,   William 

[Grandfather  of  E.  B.  C],  proprietor  Buffum 
Homestead  ;  character ;  anecdotes,  1 :  4-6 ; 
8 ;  hospitality,  11 ;  industries,  constructs 
aqueduct,  12;  likes  Mr.  Chace,  24-5;  A.  S. 
record,  II:  260;  disliked  Englishmen,  321. 
Buffum,  William,  Jr. 

I:    5;    favorite  uncle  of  E.   B.,  6;    marries 
into  an  English  family,  II :   321. 
Buffum,  William  Arnold 

[Son  of  Arnold],  I:  7;  infancy,  19 ;  taught 
by    E.    B.,    21;     joins   father    in    Phila.,    30; 


Lniversalisni,  69  ;  70 ;  100  ;    in  Paris,  11 :  27  ; 

affection  for  E.  B.  C,  "too  busy  to  be  ill," 

213. 

BuraresB  Sisters 
Of  Little  Compton,  II :    238. 

BurleiRb,  Celia 
[Wife  of  Wm.   Henry],  accepts  Mrs.  Davis' 

idea    that    Sorosis    should    hold    a    Congress, 

I:    314. 

Burleigrh,  Charles  C. 

Interest  in  slave  cases,  1 :  58-9 ;  descrip- 
tion ;     anecdotes,   138-9 ;     consults   E.    B.    C. 

about    lectures    at    Valley    Falls,    165 ;     172 ; 

tireless    lecturer,     173,     178,     179,     180,     181, 

186,  199. 

Burleigh,  Cyrus  M. 
1:    100;    influences  E.  B.  C.'s  theology,  103; 

requests  assistance  from  Mr.  Chace  and  E.  B. 

C.  for  Penn.  A.  S.  fair,  164. 

Burleigh,  George  S. 
Reads  Wordsworth  to  L.  B.  C,  I:    202. 

Burleigh,  Margaret 
[Widow  of  Cyrus  M.],  I:    346. 

Burns,  Anthony 
Fugitive  slave  given  up  to  Virginia  claimant 

(May,   1854),   important  incident  in   arousing 

A.  S.  feeling,  1 :   117  ;    166  ;    171 ;    II :   268. 
Burnside,  Gen.  Ambrose  Everett 

His    proclamation   condemned    by    Pillsbury, 
1 :    229 ;     candidate    for    l'.     S.    Senatorship, 
characterization,  II :    54  ;  assists  Col.  Higgin- 
son,  62. 
Burrage,  Julia  S. 

[Wife  of  Edward],   E.   B.  C.'s  book  recalls 
A.  S.  memories,  II:    277. 
Butler,  Gen.   Benjamin   Franklin 

Quoted,  1 :  216  ;  holds  theory  of  state  sui- 
cide, 239 ;  Garrison  doubts  whether  he  agrees 
with  Phillips  about  amnesty  message,  269 ; 
childish  comment,  262 ;  appendix.  Vol.  I ; 
his  yacht  America,  H:  58;  131;  defends 
Mrs.  Eddy's  will  in  court,  169. 
Butler,  Josephine 

[Wife  of  Canon  Butler],  leader  in  English 
fight  against  white  slavery  ;  her  book,  II :  215. 
Cameron,  Simon 

Sec'y  of  War  in  Lincoln's  Cabinet,  his  rec- 
ommendation to  arm  the  slaves,  I:    227. 
Campbell,  Mrs.  ^— — 

II:    78;    170. 
Campbell,  Hon.  Dudley 

Speaks  at  reception  to  Col.  Hig:ginson,  II:  10. 
Campbell,  Mrs.  Helen 

II:    200. 


[338] 


Campbell,  Thomas 

His  verse  recited  by  Arnold  Buffum's  daugh- 
ters, I:    16. 
Capron,  Hon.  Adin  B. 

Forwards  E.  B.  C.'s  letter  to  Pres.  McKinley, 
II :     324. 
Capron,  Effingham  Ij. 

I:  162. 
Carey,  William 

II:    289. 
Carlyle,    Thomas 

II:    11. 
Carnarvon,  £arl  of 

Chairman  of  Prison  Cong.,  II:    12. 
Carnegie,  Andrew 

II:     1-2;     8;     takes    E.    B.    C.'s   party   to 
Evans'  supper  room;    +,9;    74;    his  use  of 
money,  suffers  from  labor  troubles,  288. 
Carnegrie, 

[Wife  of  Andrew],  II:    288. 
Carnegrie,  3Irs.  Margaret 

Strong    minded,    II :     1 ;     chaperons    C.    M. 
Holmes,  8 ;    9 ;    at  the  Homestead,  74. 
Carpenter,  Elizabeth  Buffum 

Namesake  of  E.   B.   C,  I:    69. 
Carpenter,  Mary 

Presides  over  woman's  work  section  in  Prison 
Cong.,  II:  17;    reports  its  action  to  E.  B.  C, 
18-19. 
Carpenter,  Mary  Arnold 

[Wife  of   Seba],   friendship   with   E.   B.   C, 
I:  69. 
Carpenter,  Seba 

I:    69. 
Carr,  Emma 

Appointed  cottage  matron  of  State  Home  and 
Sch.    (1889)  ;    character ;    reports  cruelties  at 
the  Sch.  to  E.   B.  C,  11:    243;    assisted  by 
E.  B.  C,  292-3. 
Cartland,  Gertrude  Whittier 

[Wife  of  Joseph],  cousin  of  J.  G.  Whittier, 
II:    279-80. 
Cartland,  Joseph 

II:    279-80. 
Caswell,  Dr.  Alexis 

[Pres.   Brown  Univ.,   1868],   feels  he  cannot 
unite  in  call  for  W.  S.  Conv.,  1 :    310-11. 
Chace,  Abby 

[Wife  of  George  I.],  I:  194;  plans  visit  to 
State  Farm  with  E.  B.  C,  342;  furnishes 
material  for  "  The  Child  of  the  State,"  II :  88. 
Chace,  Adelia  Bartlett 

[Second  child  of  S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  birth, 
her  mother's  memory  of,  1 :  33 ;  anecdotes, 
37-8;    70. 


Chace,  Anna  Earle 

[Wife   of    Harvey],    hesitates   between    Gur- 
neyites  and  Wilburites,  I:    104-5. 
Chace,  Arnold  Buffum 

[B.  Valley  Falls,  R.  I.,  Xov.  11,  1845; 
seventh  child  of  S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  I:  34; 
99 ;  taken  to  meeting  with  his  father,  109 ; 
takes  part  in  A.  S.  dialogue  written  by  his 
mother,  117  ;  122  ;  has  few  intimate  friends  ; 
social  needs  not  understood  by  mother,  125 ; 
early  education  with  governess;  +,  130-1; 
contest  with  mother,  132-3 ;  naturally  sympa- 
thetic to  his  mother  ;  devotion  to  his  brother 
Sam,  133 ;  goes  to  boarding  school  at  Hope- 
dale,  brings  home  new  notions,  133-4. 

At  Eagleswood  (Raritan  Bay  Union)  with 
mother,  incidents,  155-7 ;  tutored  by  Mr. 
Magill,  202  ;  enters  Brown  University  ;  choice 
of  reading,  203 ;  home  life  and  tasks,  204 ; 
affectionate  letter  from  mother  while  at  Hope- 
dale    Sch.,    210-12. 

Announces  village  preparations  for  war,  213; 
219  ;  walk  with  Garrison  ;  -]-,  223  ;  227  ;  241 ; 
252 ;  goes  to  Labrador  with  Wm.  Bradford, 
urged  by  mother  to  send  letters  to  the  papers, 
275 ;  invested  with  responsibility  to  the  pub- 
lic, 276. 

Temperance  work,  289  ;  290  ;  college  success, 
294  ;  missed  by  his  brother  Sam,  295 ;  Sam's 
admiration  of,  296 ;  remembered  by  Lucy 
Stone,  303 ;  gets  up  Sunday  lecture  courses 
in  Prov.,  305 ;  gives  temperance  lectures, 
313 ;  324 ;  interchange  of  courtesies  with 
Garrison,  339 ;  receives  congratulations  on 
his  approaching  marriage,  347-8 ;  marries 
Eliza  Chace  Greene;    +,  349. 

II :  5  ;  cap  and  gown,  6  ;  31  ;  32  ;  45  ;  helps 
form  Prov.  Free  Religious  Soc.  (1873-74),  51; 
141 ;  changes  in  residence,  devotion  to  mother, 
trip  to  Europe,  162 ;  166 ;  181 ;  188 ;  men- 
tioned with  his  family,  195  ;  198  ;  203  ;  238  ; 
256;  makes  flag,  270;  E.  B.  C.'s  favorite  com- 
panion, 299  ;    302  ;    311  ;    silver  wedding,  315. 

Chace,  Arnold  BufTum,  Jr. 

(B.  Aug.  14,  1872],  II:    26;  27-8;  his  nam- 
ing, 31 ;    32  ;    34  ;    53  ;    187. 
Chace,  Asenath 

I:    36;    68. 
Chace,  Camilla  II. 

II:    48. 
Chace,   Edward   Gould 

[B.  Valley  Falls,  R.  I.,  March  17,  1849,  d. 
Valley  Falls,  April  23,  1871  ;  ninth  child  of 
S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C.  ] ,  1 :    34  ;    anecdote,  104 ; 


[339] 


seems  to  have  mediumistic  powers,  106—7 ; 
mother's  teaching  about  fairies  and  spirits, 
107 ;  birth,  delicate  infancy,  115 ;  131-2 ; 
home  Usks,  + ,  204  ;  227 ;  285  ;  hears  Ristori, 
289 :  works  in  machine  shop,  291 ;  home  as- 
sociations, 295. 

Tries  to  take  Sam's  place,  297 ;  at  Long- 
wood  meetings  with  mother,  303  ;  remembered 
by  Lucy  Stone,  303 ;  trip  to  Centre  Harbor ; 
confidential  relations  with  Sam,  305  ;  account 
of  a  Radical  Club  meeting,  its  effect  on  him, 
306  ;    helps  father  in  business  ;    -f-,  307. 

Comments  on  W.  S.  Conv.,  311 ;  joked  by 
Douglass,  312  ;  absorption  in  work  ;  recrea- 
tion ;  chat  about  family  affairs,  313  ;  affec- 
tionate tribute  to  father,  315 ;  reminiscences, 
317-18 ;  discusses  child  labor,  321 ;  home 
incidents,  325  ;  coming-of-age  party  ;  engaged 
to  C.  M.  Holmes,  336  ;  brief  illness  ;  mother's 
devoted  care;  death  of;  -f,  342;  Garrison 
and  Rev.  C.  A.  Bartol  speak  at  funeral,  342 ; 
mother's  memories  of,  343 ;  tribute  from 
Frank  Garrison,  344  ;  June  1,  1871,  to  havt 
been  his  wedding  day,  345. 

His  dog,  II :  34  ;  45-6  ;  spoken  of  by  James 
Whipple,  54 ;  reminiscence  of,  198 ;  com- 
parison with  his  nephew  Malcolm,  199 ;  makes 
flag,  270;  effect  of  his  death  on  E.  B.  C, 
313  ;    316. 

Chace,  Edward   Gould,   2d,   "Ward" 

Anecdotes  of  childhood,  II:    198. 
Chace,  EHza  Greene 

[Wife  of  Amold  B.],  II:   3;    31;    32;    103; 
141;    162;    silver  wedding,  315. 
Chace.   Elizabeth 

[Dau.   of  Oliver],  I:    18;    23;    illness,  26; 
medical  treatment,  28. 
Chace,  Elizabeth 

[Wife  of  Jonathan],  characterization,  I:  128. 
Chace,  Elizabeth  Buffum 

[Wife  of  Samuel  B.  Chace;  dau.  of  Arnold 
Buffum  and  Rebecca  Gould ;  b.  at  Prov., 
R.  L,  Dec.  9,  1806;  m.  Samuel  B.  Chace, 
June,  18-28  ;  d.  Central  Falls,  R.  I.,  Dec.  12, 
1899.] 

Relates  Quaker  customs,  I:  13;  dress  and 
personal  appearance,  25-6 ;  in  Prov.  with 
another  Elizabeth,  26-8;  early  housekeep- 
ing, a  cousin's  account  of  it,  28-9 ;  wife- 
hood ;  motherhood ;  character ;  early  tend- 
encies, later  development ;  prejudices ;  loss 
of  children,  30-3  ;  later  children  ;  long  ill- 
ness   (1834),   34. 

Sightseeing   in   Phila.,    35-6;     stories   about 


the  children  and  of  Susan's  last  illness  (ex- 
tracts from  journal),  36-9;  relations  with 
the  Halversens ;  on  immigration,  39—40 ; 
hope  and  belief  in  God ;  interest  in  mill 
workers  ;    admires  J.  Q.  Adams,  40-1 ;    43. 

Vast  amount  of  obscure  A.  S.  work,  1832-39, 
44 ;  connection  with  fugitive  slave,  Susan ; 
moral  courage,  45-7 ;  wTites  of  Lydia  Buf- 
fum's  school,  48 ;  practical  evidences  of  A.  S. 
interest,  48-50 ;  prominent  in  Ladies'  A.  S. 
Soc.  of  Fall  River,  offers  resolutions  ;  Vice- 
Pres.  1836,  Pres.  1837  and  1839;  committee 
work,  51-4. 

Acquaintance  with  Maria  Weston  Chapman, 
anecdotes,  56—8,  62  ;  friends  and  fellow-work- 
ers ;  varied  interests  ;  powerful  stimulus  of 
father's  letters,  58-61 ;  consults  Oliver  John- 
son as  to  best  use  of  story  of  destruction  of 
Pennsylvania  Hall  by  pro-slavery  mob,  61-2 ; 
ranked  by  Mrs.  Chapman  with  Lucretia  Mott 
and  Harriet  Martineau  ;  not  daunted  by 
obstacles,  62-3. 

Assurances  of  co-operation  of  the  colored 
people ;  fragments  of  impublished  manu- 
scripts ;  discusses  Slavery  and  Non-Resist- 
ance  with  "dearest  Eliza,"  64-6;  disap- 
pointments and  difficulties  in  A.  S.  efforts ; 
+  ,  66—7  ;  reduced  circumstances,  anecdote,  68; 
intimacy  with  cousin  Mary  .\rnold  Carpenter ; 
other  friends ;  anxiety  for  brothers,  69-70 ; 
friendship  for  fugitive  slave,  story  of  James 
Curry,    70-1. 

Moves  in  1840  to  Vallej'  Falls ;  wins  a 
child's  heart,  71 ;  friendship  with  Dorcas 
Harmon  ;  environment  and  social  conditions 
in  Valley  Falls ;  feeling  about  formal  cour- 
tesies, anecdotes,  72-5 ;     loses  two  sons,  75-7. 

Criticizes  management  of  A.  S.  Soc.  in  R.  I.  ; 
champions  Garrison,  78-9 ;  considers  voting 
like  taking  oath  of  allegiance,  81 ;  becomes 
Garrisonian  ;  -f,  85  ;  86;  obscure  channels  of 
work  ;  regrets  voting  jMjlicy  of  father's  paper, 
the  Protectionist;  +,  87-8;  89;  mother's 
illness,  90  ;  father  wants  poem  for  paper,  91 ; 
asks  legal  status  of  runaway  slaves;  +,  92; 
knowledge  of  Fourierism  ;  feels  call  to  speak 
for  A.  S.,  greatly  troubled,  93-5;  leaves  Soc. 
of  Friends,  reasons  for  this  decision,  condemns 
course  of  N.  E.  Quakers,  warns  them  against 
indifference,  95—8. 

Goes  to  Flatbush  for  medical  treatment ;  in- 
terest in  home  matters, — and  in  Harriet 
Crowninshield,  99-100 ;  urges  Garrison  and 
Phillips  to  speak  in  R.  I.,  101 ;  entertains 
Phillips ;      conflict    with    Quaker    discipline ; 


[340] 


-f-,  102-3;  changing  theological  ideas;  talks 
with  Theodore  Parker,  103-4 ;  Wilburite  di- 
vision, 104-5,  talks  with  Mrs.  Fessenden,  106 ; 
opposes  capital  punishment ;  attracted  by 
Spiritualism,  106-8 ;  general  religious  atti- 
tude, 108-9. 

Dietetic  notions ;  visit  to  Eagleswood,  109- 
11 ;  household  reforms,  111-12  ;  wears  bloomer 
costume,  113 ;  gives  it  up,  114  ;  family  cares, 
115 ;  village  work  and  interests ;  opinion 
of  public  schools  ;  writes  dialogue  on  Anthony 
Bums  for  the  boys  to  speak,  115-17  ;  "Arnold 
Buffum's  daughter,"  118 ;  affection  for  Paul- 
ina Wright,  asks  confidences  as  to  Mr.  Davis, 
reproaches  P.  for  lack  of  candor ;  broaden- 
ing influences  through  this  friendship,  119-20. 
Member  of  W.  R.  Conv.  at  Worcester,  Oct., 
1850 ;  spelling  of  Chace  name,  121 ;  friend- 
ship for  Joanna  Ballou,  121-2;  Mrs.  Sophia 
Little  a  frequent  visitoi-,  her  influence,  122-3  ; 
feeling  towards  village  criminal,  122-3. 

Struggles  with  French,  123 ;  recommends 
Rasselas,  124 ;  accepts  perhaps  unnecessary 
social  ostracism  ;  lacks  tact  and  comprehen- 
sion of  her  children's  social  needs ;  (could 
this  have  been  different?)  124-6. 
Relations  with  Bartlett  cousins,  126-7 ;  ap- 
preciates anecdotes  and  wit ;  -f  ;  friend- 
ship with  Adam  Anthony,  recommends  Con- 
suelo  to  him,  unforeseen  results,  127-8  ;  help- 
ful to  Elizabeth  Chace  of  Mannville  ;  +,  128 ; 
stunned  by  death  of  sister  Sarah,  129. 

Home  interior  ;  friendship  with  the  Magills  ; 
children  educated  at  home  i,  directs  their  read- 
ing;  +  ,  129-31;  experience  with  Arnold, 
132-3 ;  relation  with  sons,  133 ;  adopts  new 
customs;  interest  in  building  Homestead; 
landscape  gardening;  tells  about  husband's 
financial  management,  134-5. 

A.  S.  friendships  with  the  Garrisons,  the 
Hutchinson  family,  Chas.  C.  Burleigh,  the 
Fosters,  Chas.  Unox  Remond,  Henry  Clarke 
Wright,  the  Grimk^  sisters,  Sallie  HoUey, 
Lucy  Stone,  Sojourner  Truth,  Wm.  Wells 
Brown,  Fred'k  Douglass,  Parker  Pillsbury, 
Capt.  Drayton,  of  the  Pearl  (see  p.  145), 
Wendell  Phillips ;  with  illustrative  anecdotes, 
+,  136-147  ;  tireless  efforts  to  develop  A.  S. 
principles,  148. 

Recollections  of  childhood,  148;  kinship  of 
spirit  with  sister  Lydia,  149;  delights  to 
All  her  house  with  A.  S.  guests;  strong  de- 
sire for  Geo.  Thompson  to  speak  at  Valley 
Falls,  149-50;  enjoys  hearing  Henry  Ward 
Beecher;  estimate  of  Fredrika  Bremer,  150-1; 
continued  interest  in  Spiritualism,  151 ;    tells 


story  of  distant  relatives  and  asks  family 
aid  for  surviving  daughter,  -f,  151-2;  would 
have  Pillsbury  lecture  on  French  Revolution, 
153;  is  asked  for  "material  aid"  to  set 
Pillsbury  "on  his  way  rejoicing";  +,  153—4. 
Visits  Raritan  Bay  Union  with  older  sons ; 
-\-  ;  stories  and  comments  on  community 
life ;  matenial  fondness ;  haps  and  mishaps, 
155-7;  -f,  158;  +,  159;  +  ;  hostess  of  A.  S. 
"  elect "  ;  Lucy  Stone  asks  co-operation  in 
getting  up  W.  R.  Conv.  in  Prov.  (1857),  160; 
meets  Geo.  D.  Prentice,  early  friendship  re- 
called, earnest  effort  to  interest  him  in  A.  S. 
cause,  161-2 ;  cautious  about  expressing  un- 
usual opinions ;  views  on  marriage ;  +, 
162-3. 

A.  S.  Correspondence    and  Work,  1850-60. 
Called  upon   to   solicit   donations   for   Penn. 
A.  S.  Fair ;    arranges  for  A.  S.  meetings  and 
speakeis;      -f,    164-5;      warned    against    im- 
postors  claiming  to   be   fugitive   slaves ;     +, 
166-7;    "Why,  Cousin  David,  I  do  not  believe 
thee  to  be  an  .\bolitionist !  "   +,  168;  tender- 
ness to  Mrs.  Tobey  ;    tries  to  arouse  active  A. 
S.    sentiments    in   a   mother's    heart ;     admits 
hardship    in    espousing    an    unpopular    cause, 
168-70 ;    advised  by  John  Osborne  not  to  have 
A.    S.    lectures  in   R.   I.,   170-1;     obstacles   to 
getting  up  A.   S.  Conv.  ;    constant  effort  and 
disappointments  ;    continually  consulted  by  Mr. 
May  and  others  about  arrangements  for  meet- 
ings   and    appointments    for    speakers;      "a 
patient  woman  who  never  faltered  and  never 
failed,"    171-200. 
Desires  to  celebrate  Avg.  1st  in  R.   I.,  177 ; 
hears  of  Moncure  D.  Conway,  183-4  ;  on  exclu- 
sion of  colored  children  from   public  schools, 
193-4 ;     refuses    to    join    Mt.    Vernon    Assoc, 
194. 

Nonconformity  principles ;  inability  to  un- 
derstand religious  observances,  anecdote ; 
friendship  with  Baptist  minister,  201-2 ;  lit- 
erary intimacy  with  Magill  family  ;  children 
leaiTi  poetry  ;  directs  their  reading ;  reads 
aloud  Coombe's  "Constitution  of  Man,"  and 
Higginson's  translation  of  "Epictetus,"  202- 
3 ;  interest  in  natural  sciences ;  encourages 
love  of  pets ;  indulgent  to  her  children, 
203-4. 

Home  surroundings ;  hospitality ;  enjoys 
dramatic  entertainments  ;  home  games  ;  neigh- 
borhood festivities;  -f,  205-6;  visits  the 
Harrises  in  the  John  Brown  period,  anecdote  ; 
estimate  of  John  Brown,  206  ;  puts  crape  on 
door,  Dec.  2,  1859  ;  entertains  John  Brown's 
brother  Frederick;     -(-,   207. 


[341  ] 


Entertains  Phillips,  drive  to  Lonsdale  lecture 
hall  with  him,  sig^niflcant  conversation  about 
John  Brown,  207-8 ;  asked  to  get  subscrip- 
tions to  help  John  Brown's  sons,  209-10 ;  re- 
ligious faith  ;  feeling  about  prayer,  210-12  ; 
prefers  the  Homestead  to  Cumberland  House ; 
loving  thought  for  her  sons,  212 ;  visits  the 
Garrisons  in  May,  1860 ;  meets  Mattie  Grif- 
fith ;    appointed  Vice-Pies.  N.  E.  A.  S.  Conv.  ; 

-f,  213;    plans  to  hear  Phillips,  214-15. 

Believes  war  will  end  slavery,  215,  216 ; 
goes  through  Valley  Falls  mob,  215—16  ;  scru- 
ples against  army  ser\  ice,  216-17  ;  probably 
agreed  with  Phillips  as  to  legal  situation, 
219 ;  unwilling  for  her  sons  to  act  according 
to  principles  which  were  not  her  own  ;  pecul- 
iar love  for  Sam ;  will  not  let  him  enlist, 
anecdote,  219-20 ;  feels  Lincoln  to  be  only  a 
tool  in  the  hands  of  intriguing  politicians, 
221. 

Visit  from  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Garrison  and  Fanny  ; 
amusing  incidents  of  visit;  +,  221-3;  ef- 
forts to  get  signers  to  Abolition  petitions ; 
sends  her  children  from  house  to  house  ;  -f-  ; 
forwards  petitions  to  Sumner,  223-5 ;  ranked 
among  Lincoln's  critics,  226-7,  228,  248 ;  ef- 
forts for  A.  S.  Conv.  in  Prov.  (1862),  refuses 
to  use  Valley  Falls  meeting  house  on  given 
conditions,  229-33. 

Visit  from  Anna  Dickinson,  anecdotes ; 
shows  motherly  interest  in  her,  234-7,  240 ; 
understands  Pillsbury's  hardly  yet  kfiown 
difference  with  Garrison  (April,  1862),  proof 
of  her  sympathy ;  reverence  for  Garrison, 
237-8 ;  hears  stormy  debates ;  general  com- 
parison of  her  views  with  those  of  Phillips, 
238;  Vice-Pres.  N.  E.  A.  S.  Conv.  (Boston, 
May,  1862),  239. 

Visit  from  Moncure  D.  Conway,  240-1 ;  ad- 
vice from  Garrison  about  non-resistants  and 
the  draft,  241-2;  -f,  243;  sends  for  A.  S. 
tracts  for  "an  anxious  inquirer";  rejoices  in 
bust  of  Phillips,  wants  one  of  Garrison,  245 ; 
confidence  from  Pillsbury  in  serious  A.  S. 
crisis,  246-7 ;  her  opinions  compared  with 
cited  authorities,  250-1 ;  sympathy  for  Parker 
Pillsbury,   251-2. 

Trip  to  White  Mts.  with  her  children; 
meets  Anna  Dickinson  ;  begins  (1863)  to  dis- 
card distinctively  Quaker  forms ;  -)- ,  252 ; 
effect  of  draft  riots ;  asked  to  help  Quaker 
conscripts  liable  to  be  sentenced  to  death, 
252-4 ;  protests  against  non- recognition  of 
women  in  Alumni  meeting  of  Friends'  Sch., 
withdraws    from   membership ;     considers  her- 


self unfitted  for  public  speaking ;  sensitive  to 
what  people  think  of  her,  255-6. 

Has  Lincoln's  portrait ;  tells  daughter  bow 
it  impressed  Phillips,  256 ;  begs  Phillips  not 
to  let  unkind  feelings  arise  (Mass.  A.  S.  meet- 
ings, 1864),  258;  sends  mayflowers  to  the 
Garrisons,   259,  260. 

Visits  Niagara  Falls,  her  companions ;  in- 
cidents, 264 ;  call  on  Frederick  Douglass,  re- 
markable interview,  meets  Mrs.  Douglass, 
265-6 ;  meeting  with  Phillips  in  A.  S.  office, 
asks  what  he  is  going  to  dg  in  coming  elec- 
tion campaign  (1864),  267-8;  her  choice  be- 
tween Garrison  and  Phillips  a  remarkable  one, 
yet  in  accord  with  her  whole  A.  S.  method, 
268 ;  turns  more  and  more  to  governmental 
channels  of  work,  269. 

Temperance  interests  ;  + ,  272  ;  present  at 
N.  Y.  A.  S.  meetings  when  Garrison  tried  to 
dissolve  the  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.,  273-4 ;  begins 
to  hold  offices  in  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  (Vice-Pres. 
for  R.  I.  1865  to  1870 ;  Vice-Pres.  N.  E.  A.  S. 
Soc.  1867  ;  becomes  manager  of  Subscription 
Festivals  in  1865,  retains  that  office  until  1870), 
274. 

Urges  upon  her  sons  the  duties  of  good  citi- 
zenship ;  ideas  on  negro  suffrage ;  distressed 
that  Quakers  are  so  slow  to  befriend  colored 
people ;  appeals  to  Dr.  Tobey  to  get  colored 
children  admitted  to  Friends'  Sch.  ;  loves 
Quakerism ;  believes  Dio  Lewis  to  be  "  the 
true  Quaker,"  275-8 ;  tribute  from  Mr.  May 
and  confidential  discussion  of  Am.  A.  S.  Soc. 
workers  and  methods  ;  -|- ,  278-82  ;  continued 
activity  in  Am.   A.  S.  Soc,  283. 

Attempts  to  provide  educational  opportuni- 
ties and  innocent  recreation  for  working  peo- 
ple, failure  through  mistaken  methods,  283—4  ; 
other  attempts  successful,  284,  289 ;  over- 
anxiety  about  L.  B.  C.'s  plans,  284—5  ;  is  told 
that  Freedmen's  Bureau  is  administered  with 
harshness  and  lack  of  sympathy,  285-6  ;  ap- 
peal from  Pillsbury  in  behalf  of  the  Standard, 
286-7  ;  glad  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  is  not  dissolved  ; 
gets  up  Peace  meetings  in  Valley  Falls 
(1866)  ;  co-operation  in  national  Peace  move- 
ment, 287-8 ;  -+-  ;  -|-  ;  Lucy  Stone  asks 
aid  to  start  W.  R.  Journal,  288-9. 
Goes  with  her  bojs  to  hear  Ristori ;  chat 
about  home  friends ;  interest  in  L.  B.  C.'s 
social  plans,  289-90;  help  in  W.  S.  activity 
asked  by  Lucy  Stone,  290-2;  takes  up  Total 
Abstinence  work ;  use  of  Woman's  Crusade 
methods  ;  Sundaj'  Temperance  meetings  ;  writes 
memorial   address  from  the  women  of   Valley 


[342] 


Falls  to  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen  of  Prov. 
(1867),  protesting  against  liquor  licenses, 
292—3,  +,  294 ;  close  companionship  with 
Sam  during  last  weeks  of  his  life,  294,  296 ; 
wants  Mr.  Garrison  at  funeral ;  seeks  solace 
in  Spiritualism,  resultant  fellowship  with  Geo. 
Thompson,  +,  297-8;  sympathy  from  Phillips 
at  Sam's  death,  299 ;  remarkable  tribute  to 
Sam,  received  20  years  later  from  an  old 
soldier,  300-1. 

Visit  to  Progressive  Friends  (1867)  ;  meetings 
at  Longwood,  302  ;  sympathy  from  Lucy  Stone, 
and  reports  of  W.  S.  achievements  in  Kansas, 
303-4 ;  Pillsbury  asks  counsel,  304-5 ;  Rev. 
John  Weiss  frequent  visitor,  +,  305  ;  joins  Rad- 
ical Club,  306 ;  talks  of  Free  Religion  to  Phil- 
lips, fails  to  interest  him,  307  ;  in  New  York, 
bears  Phillips  lecture  on  O'Connell,  307 ; 
wishes  to  hear  Frothingham  preach;  -f-,  308; 
understands  Phillips'  sadness  at  alienation  of 
old  fellow-workers,  308. 

Vice-Pres.  of  Am.  Equal  Rights  Assn.,  308; 
personal  work  and  official  connection  with 
R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.  in  its  first  30 
years,  succeeds  Mrs.  Davis  in  the  presidency, 
309-12  ;  influence  valued  by  Lucy  Stone,  312  ; 
313 ;  consulted  by  Mrs.  Davis,  314  ;  urged  by 
Mrs.  Stanton  to  attend  N.  Y.  Conv.  of  Nat'l 
W.  S.  Assn.  (1869),  315;  writes  for  Advocate, 
316 ;  consulted  by  Lucy  Stone  about  formation 
of  Am.  W.  S.  Assn.,  318 ;  Mrs.  Davis  tries  to 
win  her  to  Mrs.  Stanton's  view  of  15th 
Amendment ;  almost  persuaded,  but,  having 
earlier  worked  with  Phillips  for  15th  Amend- 
ment as  A.  S.  measure,  could  not  conscien- 
tiously oppose  it  now  as  W.  Suffragist,  319- 
20 ;  -f  ;  adheres  to  Am.  Assn.  view  of 
marriage  and  divorce  question,  321 ;  con- 
sulted by  Mrs.  Elizabeth  K.  Churchill  about 
answering  article  in  Prov.  Journal  charging 
W.  R.  people  with  advocating  free  love, 
322-3;  urged  to  attend  Conv.  at  Cleveland 
(1869)  ;    could  not  go,  323-4. 

Sends  to  Prov.  for  piano,  -f,  325;  begins  ef- 
forts to  have  women  placed  on  Boards  of  In- 
spection and  Management  of  Institutions  for 
State  Charities  and  Corrections ;  Prison  and 
Reform  Sch.  investigations ;  signs  memorial 
adopted  by  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn. 
(1870),  325-31;  willing  to  take  charge  of  girl 
offender ;  -f ,  332  ;  passage  of  bill  creating 
Board  of  Lady  Visitors  for  penal  and  correc- 
tional institutions  where  women  and  children 
were  inmates ;  accepts  position  on  this  board  ; 
confidential  comment  from  Mrs.  Davis,  333-5  ; 
Gov.  Padelford  seeks  interview ;    officially  in- 


vited to  meet  Reform  Sch.  Trustees,  335 ; 
attends  W.  R.  Conv.  at  Worcester,  335-«. 

Unremitting  care  for  her  husband  in  his  last 
illness,  his  death,  sympathy  from  Garrison, 
336-7  ;  rect/ives  manuscript  of  Phillips'  memo- 
rial article,  339 ;  writes  brief  account  of  her 
husband's  career,  840-1 ;  gift,  "  Essay  on 
Peace,"  from  Wm.  F.  Channing,  from  his 
father's  library;     -f,  341. 

Consulted  on  State  Farm  matters,  342 ; 
watches  with  her  dying  son,  Edward ;  pa- 
thetic in  her  bereavement  at  his  death ; 
lives  for  a  time  in  loving  memory  of  him ; 
anecdote ;  rejoices  in  after  years  to  see  his 
likeness  in  her  grandson,  342-3 ;  expressions 
of  sympathy  from  Mr.  Phillips,  Mrs.  Little, 
and  F.  J.  Garrison,  343-4. 

Uneasiness  over  daughter's  plans,  344 ;  at- 
tends May  Anniversary  (1871)  ;  passes  June  1 
with  her  cousin,  Mrs.  Newhall,  345 ;  talka 
with  Col.  Higginson  on  W.  S.  matters ;  con- 
sulted by  Mrs.  Severance  about  Universal 
Peace  movement,  345  ;  friendship  with  John 
Bright's  sister,   345-6. 

Summer  at  Sandwich,  N.  H.,  and  at  Clark'* 
Island,  with  congenial  friends,  346  ;  Western 
trip  ;  in  Chicago  on  eve  of  great  fire,  hears 
wonderful  sermon  from  Robert  CoUyer ;  +, 
346—7  ;  -|-  ;  subtle  contrast  between  her  be- 
lief that  the  thing  that  is  right  is  always 
safe  to  do,  and  Rowland  G.  Hazard's  opinion 
that  expediency  should  be  considered,  348-9 ; 
brief  trip  to  Quebec  after  Arnold's  marriage ; 
friendship  with  the  Higginsons,  349. 
See  Appendix. 

Plans  trip  to  England ;  congratulations 
from  Phillips ;  the  Carnegies  help  in  mak- 
ing plans,  II :  1-2 ;  credentials  for  London 
Meeting  of  International  Congress  on  Pre- 
vention and  Repression  of  Crime  (July,  1872), 
2  ;  letters  of  introduction  from  Garrison  and 
from  F.  J.  Garrison,  2-3,  20 ;  her  party, 
steamer  companions,  incidents  of  passage, 
3-4 ;  traveling  directions  for  Ireland  with 
comments  and  invitation  from  Richard  D. 
Webb,  3,  5 ;  -f-  ;  value  of  European  experi- 
ence ;  influenced  by  belief  that  she  was 
establishing  a  home  for  her  descendants ; 
+  ,  4-5. 
In  Killarney,  studies  condition  of  Irish  poor, 
5 ;  meets  Richard  D.  Webb ;  sees  academic 
ceremony  in  Dublin,  comments  on  caps  and 
gowns,  6 ;  at  Carnarvon  Castle :  feels  Eng. 
sacred  as  ancestral  home,  6-7 ;  describes 
pass  of  Llanberis ;  impressed  by  sincerity 
of     Methodist     "love     feast";      visits     Man- 


[343] 


Chester  cotton  factories,  7-8 ;  in  London, 
entertained  by  the  Conways,  8 ;  discusses 
Greeley  and  Grant,  8,  24,  30 ;  Greeley's 
death,  33 ;  longs  for  home  details  and  home 
food,  8-9 ;  taken  by  Mr.  Carnegie  to 
"Evans'  supper  and  music  rooms";  in- 
spects London  slums ;  attends  meeting  of 
Anglo-Am.  Soc.  in  honor  of  Col.  Higginson, 
meets  Thomas  Hughes,  9-10 ;  resigns  from 
Board  of  Lady  Visitors,  resignation  not  ac- 
cepted, 10-11 ;  courtesies  from  Thos.  Hughes  ; 
acquaintance  with  Wm.  AUingham ;  goes 
to  House  of  Parliament,  anecdotes,  hears 
Gladstone,   11-12. 

Delegate  to  Prison  Congress,  describes 
meetings,  impressed  by  character  of  Euro- 
pean delegates,  stirred  by  exciting  debates ; 
anecdote  of  foreign  delegates,  12-13 ;  ob- 
tains chance  for  Mrs.  Howe  to  speak  at 
Prison  Congress,  13-14 ;  describes  Home 
Secretary's  entry  to  the  Congress ;  too 
American  to  like  Eng.  deference  to  rank,  14- 
15  ;  attends  party  at  Mrs.  Duncan  McLaren's  ; 
anecdotes,  15-16  ;  prepares  paper  on  the  need 
of  women  on  Boards  of  Inspection,  difficulty 
in  getting  chance  to  present  it  properly ; 
Tier  ideas  approved,  16-18,  and  endorsed,  18- 
19 ;  tea  at  Justin  McCarthy's ;  anecdote ; 
forms  lasting  opinions  of  Gladstone  and 
Home  Kule,  18 ;  relation  to  Peace  Congress 
in  London ;  an  evening  at  P.  A.  Taylor's, 
19 ;  declines  dinner  to  foreign  delegates ; 
affection  for  Mrs.  Lucas,  19  ;  goes  to  Leeds, 
letters  of  introduction  open  doors  to  her, 
19-20;  calls  on  Robert  Collyer's  mother; 
pleasure  in  meeting  George  Thompson  again, 
20 ;  explores  Holy-rood ;  incidents ;  + ; 
comment  on  English  attitude  towards  Amer- 
icans ;  loves  Scotland,  poetry  and  romance 
of  her  youth  recalled,  21 ;  "in  the  heart  of 
the  Highlands,"  22-3  ;  calls  on  Mrs.  Nichol, 
meets  author  of  "Rab  and  His  Friends," 
anecdote.  23 ;  returns  to  London,  meets  Wm. 
Bradford;  interest  in  British  and  Am.  poli- 
tics, 24-5;  faith  in  Phillips'  statesmanship, 
■deference  for  Garrison,  feeling  for  Sumner, 
25 ;  goes  to  Boulogne :  first  grandchild,  26, 
•27-8,  feeling  about  naming  the  baby,  31 ; 
grandmotherly  solicitude,  32. 

In  France;  visit  to  .lames  Wells  Champ- 
ney  at  Ecouen,  calls  with  him  on  M.  Edouard 
Fr^re ;  joins  her  brother  in  Paris ;  +  ; 
pilgrimage  to  P6re  la  Chaise,  26-7;  inner 
mood  ;  on  wine  drinking,  28,  and  beer  drink- 
ing,  32  ;     Swiss  mountain  experiences,   28-9  ; 


invitation  from  Mrs.  Lucas,  29 ;  at  Stras- 
bourg ;  sees  traces  of  the  siege  and  talks 
with  a  native  about  it ;  meets  the  Villarda, 
29-30 ;  impressed  by  the  Jungfrau,  30 ;  in 
Dresden,  goes  to  opera  and  circus,  31,  32,  34; 
sees  Sistine  Madonna,  32 ;  watches  Golden 
Wedding  parade  of  the  King  of  Saxony;  -f-, 
32-3  ;  thinks  German  theater  a  good  thing, 
would  like  temperance  and  labor  reform  lec- 
tures thrown  in,  33-4 ;  love  for  pet  dog,  34  ; 
Sunday  at  Nuremberg,  hears  Die  Meister- 
siiiger ;  has  remarkable  courier ;  illness  at 
Innsbruck,  34. 

Rome  at  last !  impressions,  34 ;  attends 
Carnival  ball,  theory  as  to  why  women  are 
masked  and  men  not ;  believes  Carnival  ex- 
cesses degrading,  incidents  ;  anecdote,  35-6  ; 
wishes  never  to  travel  without  young  ladies, 
36 ;  Southern  Italy ;  glad  to  turn  towards 
home,  36-7  ;  interest  in  an  Italian  love  af- 
fair, 37  ;  sympathy  with  young  coui)le  gives 
insight  into  Italian  life  and  ideas,  39—41 ; 
acquaintance  with  Edmonia  Lewis ;  enter- 
tained by  the  Howitts,  37—8  ;  regrets  leaving 
Rome ;  last  sightseeing  there,  dislikes  paint- 
ings of  Martyrdoms,  38-9  ;  Florence  ;  Uflizi 
and  Pitti  galleries,  41-2 ;  visits  Parker's 
grave ;  goes  to  Pisa,  42 ;  tea  with  Sarah 
Rcmond,  impressions  of  her,  42  ;  meets  Ed- 
ward and  Margaret  Clifford,  beginning  of  re- 
markable friendship  ;  -}-,  43-4 ;  a  cotton  man- 
ufacturer's view  of  the  labor  question  in  1873, 
44. 

Detained  in   Nice  by   Marj''s  illness,  change 
of   attitude   towards    medical   science,    thinks 
".'^am  and  Eddie"  might  have  lived,  change 
in  dietetic  views,  45—6 ;    in  I>ondon,  goes  with 
Mr.    Clifford    to    see   paintings,    and   through 
London    slums,    46,    47-8 ;     hears    Spurgeon 
sees    play    "  New    Magdalen,"    considers   it  a 
seimon  ;    has  learned  to  know  good  pictures 
48  ;    last  weeks  in  London  ;    enchanting  even 
ings   in  Wm.   Bradford's  studio ;     entertained 
by    the    Conways,    meets  young    Hindus,   48 
sails  for  home  Sept.  13,  1873 ;    Joseph  Lupton 
comes  to  see  her  off  ;    meets  Wilkie  Collins 
last  farewell  to  George  Thompson,  49. 

Newspaper  letters  ;  pleased  with  Mary's  be 
trothal,  50 ;  reform  work,  helps  colored  stu 
dents,  51 ;  interest  in  Free  Religious  move- 
ment antedated  trip  to  Euroi>e,  after  her  re- 
turn associates  herself  with  movement  to  form 
Free  Religious  Society  in  Prov.  ;  elected  Vice- 
Pres.  of  Nat'l  Free  Religious  Assn.  in  May, 
1881 ;     friendship   with  F.    A.   Hinckley ;     +, 


[344] 


51-2  ;  gets  bill  to  appoint  women  on  State 
Board  of  Charities  before  the  Legislature ; 
+,  52 ;  playful  messages  from  L.  B.  C, 
53 ;  advocates  Col.  Higginson's  nomination 
to  U.  S.  Senate,  53-4 ;  carriage  trip  to 
Winthrop ;  incidents  illustrating  caste  dis- 
tinctions, 54-6  ;  summoned  to  Marcus  Spring's 
funeral,  56 ;  asked  to  write  a  paper  on 
Crime  and  Reform  for  2d  Congress  of  A. 
A.  W.  in  Chicago  (1874)  ;  elected  Vice-Pres. 
for  R.  I.,  56 ;  attends  Shakespeare  Club ; 
+  ;  mentions  charming  letter  from  Phillips ; 
W.  S.  work  in  1874,  57 ;  celebrates  New 
Year's  Eve  at  the  Homestead,  feels  lonely  af- 
terwards ;    F.  R.  and  W.  S.  meetings,  58. 

At  Appledore  (1875)  ;  enjoys  chaperoning 
girls ;  views  on  yacht  racing,  58—9 ;  meets 
congenial  people ;  hears  grave  discussions ; 
happiness  with  Whittier,  59-60 ;  invitation 
from  the  Garrisons,  60 ;  co-operates  with  Col. 
Higginson  in  aiding  "  Roswell,"  60-2  ;  urged 
by  Mrs.  Howe  to  attend  A.  A.  W.  Congress 
(1875)  or  to  help  Mrs.  Churchill  to  go,  62-3 ; 
congratulations  from  Garrison  on  successful 
W.  S.  Anniversary,  63  ;  self-revelations,  63-4 ; 
in  Boston  because  of  ill  health ;  renews  ac- 
quaintance with  Mr.  Conway,  64 ;  asks  about 
desired  changes  at  Prov.  Reform  Sch.,  espe- 
cially whether  parents  are  still  allowed  to 
board  their  children  there,  64—5 ;  believes 
powerless  Board  of  Women  Visitors  does  more 
harm  than  good,  resigns  from  Board,  per- 
suaded to  serve  another  year,  final  resigna- 
tion, 65-6,  67 ;  writes  John  Weiss  on  tem- 
perance, his  reply,  67-70. 

Appeal  for  appointment  of  police  matrons, 
endorsed  by  Temperance  Union  in  petition, 
70-1 ;  returns  to  Women's  Board,  consulted 
by  Gov.  Lippitt  on  make-up  of  Board,  71, 
72  ;  interest  in  State  Farm  matters,  gifts  to 
inmates,  71-2 ;  urged  by  Mrs.  Howe  to  help 
form  a  new  Peace  Assn.,  72-3;  attends  Cen- 
tennial at  Phila.  (1876),  returns  to  Valley 
Falls  to  entertain  Madame  Carnegie,  called 
back  to  Phila.  by  Horace  Cheney's  illness, 
74  ;  affectionate  sympathy  from  Phillips,  75  ; 
ill  and  growing  old ;  continued  demands 
upon  her;  -f,  75;  Gov.  Lippitt  asks  what 
powers  Lady  Board  of  Visitors  should  have, 
her  reply  urges  Legislative  action ;  recom- 
mends establishment  of  Industrial  Sch.,  76-7, 
bill  passes  Senate,  is  killed  in  House,  78 ; 
supports  kindergarten,  77-8 ;  asked  by  Mr. 
Colt  to  cite  case  of  abuse  as  result  of  a 
certain   law;     +,  78;    respects  conscientious 


beliefs ;  advocates  social  intermingling  of 
races ;  shocked  to  see  lifelong  Abolitionists 
show  color  prejudice,  79—80 ;  resigns  from- 
Prov.  Woman's  Club  because  color  line  is 
drawn,  81 ;  friendship  with  Wm.  C.  Gannett ; 
lack  of  sympathy  with  Dwight  L.  Moody  and 
his  methods,  81—3. 

Summer  driving  tour  through  R.  I.  ;  goes 
to  Wianno;  +,  83;  consulted  by  Gov. 
Van  Zandt,  83  ;  on  pigeon  shooting  and  cock 
fighting,  84 ;  on  prevention  of  pauperism 
and  crime,  outlines  general  plan,  84-6 ;  her 
ideas  endorsed  by  matron  of  Orphans'  Home, 
87 ;  dissatisfied  with  management  of  Prov. 
Reform  Sch.  ;  gives  graphic  accounts  of  life 
there,  and  is  pleased  when  L.  B.  C.  writes 
"The  Child  of  the  State,"  urges  its  speedy 
publication  to  meet  some  crisis  in  Prov.  Re- 
form Sch.  management,  87-8 ;  Garrison  and 
son  and  J.  C.  Wyman  her  guests,  88 ;  dis- 
cusses Sunday  observances ;  story  of  a  Sun- 
day drive  in  her  childhood ;  plea  for  open- 
air  resorts,  89-90 ;  fears  lest  a  jesting  prom- 
ise may  inconvenience  Col.  Higginson,  90 ; 
takes  L.  B.  C.  to  Phila.  for  treatment;  +, 
91 ;  attends  W.  S.  Conv.  in  Wash.  ;  -f  ;  an 
inspiration  to  Mrs.  Doyle,  feels  Prov.  Journal 
to  be  a  letter  from  her  own  larger  family  of 
the  State,  92 ;  how  she  and  the  Woman's 
Board  came  to  see  the  need  of  State  Home 
and  Sch.,  93-5  ;  gives  reasons  why  it  should 
not  be  located  on  or  near  State  Farm ;  proves 
that  it  is  considered  a  disgrace  to  have  been 
an  inmate  of  the  Reform  Sch.,  95-7 ;  com- 
mended by  Prov.  Journal,  97. 

Returns  to  Valley  Falls ;  confidential  rela- 
tions with  L.  B.  C,  98;  invitation  from 
R.  I.  Woman's  Club  refused  because  of  club's 
attitude  towards  colored  women ;  refers  to 
essay  read  by  colored  woman  before  A.  A.  W. 
in  Chicago  (1876),  98-9;  suggested  by  Garri- 
son as  Vice-Pres.  of  Chisolm  Monument  As- 
soc, 1(X) ;  spends  summer  at  Wianno  (1878), 
forms  especial  friendship  with  Garrison's 
son  William  ;  gains  devoted  son-in-law,  100  ; 
affection  between  herself  and  Capt.  Wyman^ 
100-1,  103 ;  continued  labor  for  State  Home 
and  Sch.,  addresses  Joint  Special  Com.  of 
the  General  Assembly  ;  tells  illustrative  story, 
101-2 ;  approves  plan  to  take  Chapin  Farm  for 
State  Sch.  ;  makes  public  appeal  for  home- 
less boys  who  have  been  sentenced  to  Refom* 
Sch.,  beneficent  result,  102-3 ;  her  nervous 
fears,  delicate  comprehension  and  tender  ridi- 
cule from  J.  C.  W.  ;    personal  traits,  103-4  ; 


[345] 


on  purification  of  the  drama,  104 ;  visits  the 
Wymans  in  N.  Y. ;  hears  Felix  Adler,  re- 
views his  ideas,  104-5 ;  attends  reception  to 
Sojourner  Truth,  describes  and  quotes  her, 
105 ;  hears  arguments  against  State  regula- 
tion of  vice,  105-6 ;  visits  the  Isaac  T.  Hop- 
per Home  and  the  Tombs,  indignant  at  fea- 
tures of  Court  of  Special  Sessions,  106-8 ;  at- 
tends lecture  by  Dr.  John  Lord ;  hears  Anna 
Dickinson  lecture,  108. 

Appreciates  value  of  public  kindergartens, 
advocates  their  establishment  in  R.  I. ,  108 ; 
urges  citizenship  be  given  R.  I.  Indians ; 
takes  up  case  of  homeless  boy ;  -\- ,  109 ; 
visited  occasionally  by  Frederick  Douglass, 
110 ;  answers  cynical  editorial  on  W.  S.  by 
request ;  writes  \V.  S.  paper  for  Prov. 
Journal,  110-11 ;  in  Boston  for  Anniversary 
Week  (1879)  ;  rejoices  that  Mass.  has  school 
suffrage,  later  change  of  mind,  111—12,  124 ; 
attends  Garrison's  funeral,  describes  Phillips 
as  he  bent  over  the  coffin,  rejoices  that  if 
Garrison  must  go  Phillips  should  speak  his 
eulogy,  112-13 ;  calls  Prov.  Journal  to  ac- 
count ;  makes  journey  of  inquiry  as  to  mak- 
ing darkened  lives  brighter,  113 ;  cordiality 
to  James  P.  Tolman  on  his  engagement  to  her 
dau.  Mary,  -|-,  114 ;  asked  to  write  R.  I. 
chapter  for  History  of  W.  S.,  and  to  be  one 
of  several  judges  of  what  should  go  into  pub- 
lished volumes,  refuses  both  requests ;  -\-, 
115-16 ;  memorial  to  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
R.  I.  in  behalf  of  all  children  dependent  on 
legal  charity,  117-22 ;  thanks  Gov.  Van  Zandt 
for  recommending  school  suffrage  in  message 
to  Legislature,  122 ;  asked  to  give  informal 
talk  on  helps  in  life  and  work ;  -f- ,  122 ; 
happy  in  dau.  Mary's  marriage  ;  complimented 
on  easy  grace  in  her  hospitality ;    +,  123. 

Her  interest  in  Quaker  martyr  Mary  Dyer, 
writes  historical  sketch  and  reads  it  at  R.  I. 
Woman  Suffrage  Assn.  (April,  1880),  paper 
commended,  124-5 ;  ot)poses  effort  to  obtain 
partial  suffrage  for  women,  reason  for  and 
against  this  position,  124-5 ;  rehearses  in 
Prov.  Journal  course  of  legal  action  in  R.  I. 
since  1637  towards  religious  sects,  draws  con- 
clusion, 125 ;  advocates  Woman's  Exchange 
in  Prov.,  126 ;  protests  against  imwise  and 
hasty  legislation  about  Reform  Sch.,  her  rea- 
sons and  opinions,  protest  endorsed  by  Thos. 
A.  Doyle  and  E.  M.  Snow,  126-9 ;  agrees  with 
T.  R.  Hazard  in  protest  against  certain  cus- 
toms   in    criminal    trials,    129-30 ;     asked    to 


write  an  approval  of  editorial  by  Lucy  Stone, 
130-1 ;  annual  W.  S.  address  (1880)  ;  remi- 
niscence with  a  moral,  131-2 ;  objects  to 
property  qualification  as  a  requisite  to  the 
ballot,  132 ;  attends  11th  Annual  Conv.  of 
Am.  W.  S.  Assn.  in  Wash. ;  especially  ad- 
mires Mrs.  Hayes ;  brief  sketches  of  places 
and  people  ;  condemns  color  line  in  kinder- 
gartens, anecdotes ;  calls  on  Frederick  Doug- 
lass ;  interview  with  woman  of  white  skin 
and  mixed  blood ;  believes  national  policy 
should  be  to  let  races  blend  naturally  to- 
gether, 133-7 ;  renewal  of  correspondence 
with  Samuel  May,  137-8 ;  grateful  letter 
from    Douglass,    139—40. 

Her  kindergarten ;  +  ;  addresses  com.  of 
State  Senate  on  W.  S.,  states  grievances, 
140;  interest  in  L.  B.  C.  W.'s  Wash,  ex- 
periences ;  attends  various  entertainments 
in  Boston,  140-1 ;  reviews  reports  of  State 
Boards  for  1879,  142-3 ;  mistaken  idea  of 
the  Critic  and  Ballot  Box,  144 ;  on  color 
question,  144-6 ;  writes  article  on  factory 
women  for  A.  A.  W.  Congress  (1881),  read 
also  before  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  146- 
59,  congratulations  from  K.  G.  Wells,  159 ; 
letters  from  factory  workers,  160-2 ;  appointed 
on  A.  A.  W.  Com.  on  Reforms  and  Statistics, 
elected  Vice-Pres.  A.  A.  W.,  159 ;  gives  ad- 
dress at  W.  S.  Conv.  in  Woonsocket,  illus- 
trates by  incidents  of  her  childliood,  de- 
scribes character  of  the  generation  preceding 
her  own;  -f-,  162;  protests  against  all  forms 
of  gambling,  163 ;  writes  about  an  abused 
child,  appeal  in  behalf  of  all  such  children, 
163-4;  on  "Legislative  smiles"  over  W.  S. 
memorial,  165 ;  on  the  exertion  of  social  in- 
fluence for  political  ends  by  women ;  W.  S. 
articles  in  Prov.  papers,  165 ;  writes  of  mal- 
practice and  a  recent  victim,  165-6. 

Hopes  to  aid  in  opening  Brown  Univ.  to 
women,  166 ;  sketches  valuable  work  done  by 
R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.  and  appeals  to 
Gov.  Littlefield  to  favor  granting  use  of  Rep- 
resentatives' Hall  for  W.  S.  Conv.  (1882),  re- 
fused on  a  technicality,  166-8  ;  interested  in 
wills  of  Francis  Jackson  and  Mrs.  Eddy,  169, 
170 ;  asked  to  reply  to  Col.  Higginson,  169- 
70,  171 ;  asked  for  loan  for  W.  S.  work  in 
Nebraska,  170,  173 ;  illness,  sj'mpathy  from 
Lucy  Stone,  170-1 ;  helps  to  furnish  musical 
instruments  for  boys  in  Reform  Sch.,  172 ; 
receives  acknowledgment  of  gift  to  Mr.  Cor- 
rell  of  Nebraska,  173 ;  urged  to  set  forth 
reasons  for  formation  Am.  W.  S.  Assn.,  asked 


[346] 


also  for  W.  S.  political  articles,  173-4  ;  asks 
A.  O.  Bourne,  candidate  for  governor,  how 
he  stands  on  W.  S.  question;  +,  174;  dis- 
covers that  by  R.  I.  statute  males  could  be 
arrested  as  legally  as  females  for  misde- 
meanors, 175. 

Visits  dau.  in  West  Newton ;  attends  May 
Anniversary  meetings  (1883),  175;  writes  of 
W.  S.  in  Eng.  ;  receives  urgent  invitation  to 
reception  from  K.  G.  Wells ;  gives  Sunday 
afternoon  lecture  before  F.  R.  Soc.  ;  +, 
175-6;  makes  annual  W.  S.  address;  +, 
176;  meeting  of  Shakespeare  Club  at  Home- 
stead; acquaintance  with  Edgar  Worthing- 
ton,  176-7  ;  addresses  Judiciary  Com.  on  pro- 
posed State  Home  and  Sch.,  answers  edi- 
torial objections,  later  describes  manner  of 
passage  of  bill,  realizes  mistake  in  placing 
Home  and  Sch.  in  charge  of  Board  of  Edu- 
cation, 178-9 ;  visit  from  Frederick  Doug- 
lass and  his  second  wife,  179,  receives  from 
Lucy  Stone  account  of  Memorial  Service  for 
Phillips;  +,180;  on  use  of  intoxicating 
liquors  in  cooking,  180-1 ;  rejoices  in  S.  B. 
C.'s  engineering  skill ;  regrets  Gov.  Van 
Zandt's  attitude,  renews  warning  against 
placing  Home  and  Sch.  on  State  Farm,  181. 

Account  of  one  day's  doings,  181-3 ;  can- 
not understand  treatment  of  W.  S.  Memorial 
by'  Com.  on  Constitutional  Changes,  183 ; 
Anniversary  Week  in  Boston  (1884),  attends 
W.  S.  and  F.  R.  meetings,  183;  distinctive 
note  of  her  writings,  183-4 ;  tribute  from 
Hon.  E.  L.  Freeman ;  granted  use  of  Legis- 
lative Hall,  184;  "Save  the  Children," 
184-5 ;  asked  by  Miss  Anthony  to  write 
reminiscences  for  R.  I.  chapter  of  proposed 
history  of  W.  S.  ;  +,  185 ;  attends  Whittier 
Day  at  Friends'  Sch.  (1884),  notices  changes 
in  customs  there,  186-7  ;  renews  acquaintance 
with  Edward  Clifford,  incidents  of  his  visits 
to  her,  187-8 ;  courtesy  shown  to  her  by 
Prov.  Journal,  188 ;  illness,  189 ;  affection- 
ately remembered  by  Frederick  Douglass,  con- 
gratulations from  Hon.  R.  G.  Hazard  and 
Mrs.  Lucas ;  consulted  by  Miss  Anthony, 
189-91 ;  presides  at  Annual  Conv.  of  W.  S. 
Assn.;  +,  191;  interest  in  Pillsbury's  re- 
production of  Foster's  "  Brotherhood  of 
Thieves";     -f,  191-2. 

Summers  at  Wianno,  Sabbatia  Cottage,  love 
for  scenery  and  flowers  of  that  region,  193^, 
206  ;  social  relations  ;  habits  changing  with 
age ;  household  arrangements,  family  cus- 
toms,  entertainment  of  guests,  anecdotes  and 


incidents,  194-8 ;  with  her  grandchildren, 
198-200 ;  takes  up  water  color  painting  at 
80,  attains  some  proficiency,  200 ;  keeps  open 
house  for  callers  ;  call  from  three  Garrisons, 
200-1 ;  holds  evening  receptions ;  courtesies 
paid  her,  202  ;  Sunday  evening  speakers  and 
topics,  201-4,  205-10 ;  Wm.  L.  Garrison  like 
a  son  beloved  ;  friendship  with  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
F.  A.  Hinckley,  204-5  ;  visits  an  old  house  in 
Cotuit,  anecdote,  205;  "My  Rhode  Island"; 
sees  no  intoxication  on  Cape  Cod,  208 ;  meets 
Booker  Washington,  209  ;  acquaintance  with 
the  Russell  Marston  family  ;  intimacy  with 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  H.  Morse,  talks  with  them 
about  the  State  Home  and  Sch.,  210 ;  drives 
away  from  Sabbatia  Cottage  for  the  last 
time,  211. 

Her  co-operation  sought  by  leaders  of  Nat'l 
W.  S.  Assn.  ;  -f-,  212 ;  likeness  to  her 
brother ;  +  ;  urged  by  Miss  Anthony  to 
try  to  influence  Senators  from  R.  I.,  213-14; 
addresses  the  special  com.  of  the  R.  L 
House  of  Representatives  on  W.  S.,  214 ; 
compliment  from  Edward  Clifford ;  objects 
to  Orthodox  phrase  in  Rev.  W.  C.  Gannett's 
Sunday  Sch.  Lessons,  receives  reply  attribut- 
ing her  feeling  to  her  Quakerism,  215—16 ; 
her  religion  becomes  object  of  Edward  Clif- 
ford's solicitude,  216 ;  she  asks  aid  for  Cal- 
vin Fairbank,  216-17 ;  sends  circular  letter 
with  W.  S.  petition  to  each  R.  I.  postmaster  ; 
appears  again  before  State  Legislature  to 
make  W.  S.  plea,  217 ;  sees  State  Home  and 
Sch.  established,  pleased  with  location,  be- 
lieves arrangements  satisfactory,  raises  money 
for  a  piano  for  the  school,  218 ;  finds  repose 
in  illness ;  rejoices  in  passage  of  W.  S. 
Amendment  by  R.  I.  Legislature  (1886),  219; 
reunion  of  old  A.  S.  friends  at  Lucy  Stone's  ; 
-+-,  219-20;  congratulations  from  Whittier; 
-)-,  221 ;  serious  illness  prevents  celebration 
of  her  birthday,  friendly  messages  and  let- 
ters, 222-4 ;  poetical  tribute  from  Rev.  W. 
C.  Gannett,  224-6. 

Remembered  by  Samuel  May  and  Lucy  Stone 
in  connection  with  Abby  Kelley  Foster's 
death,  227-9 ;  work  in  the  campaign  for 
W.  S.  Amendment  in  R.  I.,  230 ;  tells  how 
she  thinks  she  would  feel  if  she  knew  that 
she  were  to  die  soon ;  writes  Edward  Clifford 
about  her  painting,  advises  him  about  his 
mission  to  India,  230-3,  her  letter  appreci- 
ated, 233  ;  has  not  yet  discovered  abuses  at 
State  Home  and  Sch.  (June,  1887),  233;  re- 
.fers  disapprovingly  to  the  recent  sentence  of 


[347] 


a  little  boy  to  the  Reform  Sch.,  wishes  State 
Home  and  Sch.  to  be  like  a  respectable  board- 
ing school,  234 ;  announces  full  payment  of 
expenses  in  recent  W.  S.  campaign  ;  +,  234 ; 
tribute  to  her  personality;  +,  234;  writes 
memorial  of  Abby  Kelley  Foster,  235,  236, 
281-3 ;  her  opinion  of  Dr.  Morgan's  address 
on  duties  of  teachers,  235—6 ;  makes  open- 
ing address  at  W.  S.  Assn.  (March,  1888)  ; 
+,  236 ;  compliments  from  Robert  Collyer, 
237 ;  addresses  Oct.  meeting  R.  I.  Woman 
Suffrage  Assn.,  at  April  (1889)  meeting  re- 
sponds to  toast,  speaks  at  Oct.  meeting, 
237-8. 

Her  letters  console  and  strengthen,  239 ; 
asks  a  child  to  tell  its  inner  experience;  +> 
240 ;  has  interested  Edward  Clifford  in  doubt 
of  rightfulness  of  corporal  punishment,  241 ; 
friendship  with  Mrs.  Doyle,  writes  obituary 
notice  after  her  death,  241-2 ;  her  im- 
pressions of  John  Fiske's  "  The  Beginnings  of 
New  England,"  242 ;  learns  that  State  Home 
and  Sch.  is  badly  managed,  her  experiences 
as  a  visitor,  demands  investigation,  her  cour- 
age, gives  testimony  at  investigation  and 
makes  an  address,  newspaper  tributes  and 
comment,  sums  up  results,  advice  from  Felix 
Adler,  242-8  ;  entertains  Baroness  Gripenberg 
and  forms  lasting  friendship,  249-50 ;  ap- 
proves organization  of  W.  S.  Leagues,  makes 
1891  address  before  W.  S.  Assn.,  250-1 ; 
Douglass'  friendship,  251 ;  birthday  recep- 
tion, letters  and  incidents,  252-8. 

Prints  A.  S.  Reminiscences,  its  dedication, 
extracts,  how  the  book  was  received,  259-81 ; 
her  attitude  towards  Lincoln  reviewed,  278 ; 
effort  towards  Presidential  Suffrage  in  R.  I. 
(1892),  284;  visits  Mrs.  Morse,  meets  Mary 
E.  Wilkins  ;  -f ,  284  ;  relatives  and  ancestry  ; 
her  use  of  "thee"  and  "you,"  285;  message 
from  Mary  Wilkins  ;  +,  her  sympathy  helps 
a  penitent,  286 ;  offers  a  prize  for  collegiate 
essays  against  the  use  of  tobacco,  286-7 ;  in- 
vitation to  A.  S.  gathering  at  Danvers  (1893), 
her  reply,  287-8;  a  request  denied  by  Car- 
negie; -f,  288;  plan  for  her  to  meet  Mr. 
Chapin,  288-9 ;  her  presence  missed  by  Mrs. 
Morse ;  her  manner  as  presiding  officer,  290 ; 
birthday  greeting  from  F.  J.  Garrison,  290-1. 

Last  summer  at  Wianno,  291 ;  writes  on 
public  questions  in  spite  of  illness  ;  contin- 
ued interest  in  Emma  Carr,  292 ;  critically 
ill,  letters  called  out  by  this  illness,  292-9; 
message  to  Mr.  May,  296;  partial  recovery, 
household    conditions ;     with    her    grandchil- 


dren ;  takes  up  painting  again ;  holds  W.  S. 
com.  meetings  in  her  room;  +,  299;  her 
flower  painting  admired,  300;  sends  memorial 
to  R.  I.  Legislature  for  last  time,  300-2 ; 
I>ersonal  and  home  details,  302 ;  resigns  presi- 
dency of  R.  L  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  302-3 ; 
Mrs.  Morse's  affection  for  her,  303  ;  her  ab- 
sence from  Wianno  regretted,  304  ;  the  W.  S. 
Conv.  of  Oct.,  1895,  celebrates  the  twenty-flfth 
anniversary  of  her  election  to  the  presidency, 
expressions  of  appreciation  of  her  life  and 
work,  re-elected  president,  decision  of  the 
society,  304-6. 

Her  verses  printed  in  Ye  Odde  A'umber, 
306-8 ;  continued  correspondence  with  Mr. 
May;  -f,  309-11;  goes  to  luncheon  at  Jona- 
than Chace's,  assembles  friends  to  hear  Judge 
Rogers's  paper  on  Mary  Dyer,  311 ;  finds  en- 
joyment in  painting  and  knitting,  311-12 ; 
interest  in  municipal  reform  ;  cong^ratulated 
on  obtaining  the  State  House  for  W.  S.  meet- 
ing, 312 ;  writes  two  W.  S.  articles,  313 ; 
affectionate  interest  in  young  men,  313-14 ; 
makes  appeal  in  behalf  of  girls  and  boys ; 
prepares  annual  W.  S.  address,  314  ;  is  taken 
in  wheeled  chair  to  her  son's  silver  wedding 
reception  and  reads  verses  which  she  had 
written  for  the  occasion,  315-16 ;  sympathy 
for  a  dau. ;  -f,  316;  visit  from  Mrs. 
Aldrich ;  -f-  ;  her  illness  prevents  a  pro- 
posed celebration  of  her  ninetieth  birthday, 
messages  and  letters,  317-20 ;  visit  from  Mr. 
Douglass,  320 ;  protest  against  abuse  of 
women  in  India  by  British  soldiers,  320 ;  pub- 
lication of  her  Reminiscences  in  New  Eng- 
land Magazine;  later  writes  and  publishes 
"In  Quaker  Days,"  320-1;  "green  gloves"; 
+,  321-2 ;  greeting  from  Edward  Clifford ; 
Mrs.  Morse  is  sure  of  her  interest  in  a  "Life" 
of  Abby  Hopper  Gibbons;  imperfect  draft  of 
letter  to  Pres.  McKinley,  322—4. 

Becomes  entirely  bedridden,  but  continues  to 
send  letters  to  the  Prov.  Journal;  -f-,  324 ; 
constant  testimony  to  the  weight  and  value 
of  her  life  work;  +,  325-8;  interest  in 
Finnish  politics;  -f,  328-9;  "a  wee  bit  of 
a  love  letter,"  330 ;  a  last  penciled  note, 
330. 

Afterwards,   331-2. 

Cbace,  EHzabeth  Buffum 

[B.  Dec.  10,  1847,  m.  John  Crawford  Wyman 
Oct.  29,  1878;  eighth  child  of  S.  B.  and 
E.   B.  C],  "Llllie,"  "L.   B.  C.  W." 


[348] 


Chace,  George  Arnold 

[First  child  of  S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  I:  30  ; 
birth,  33 ;  35 ;  interest  in  colored  child, 
taught  to  be  respectful  to  colored  people,  36-7  ; 
anecdotes,  37-8 ;  death  of,  his  mother's  verses, 
41-3  ;  70  ;  his  dog,  203. 
Chace,  Prof.  Georgre  I. 

Interest  in  Sockanosset  Sch.,  II:    172. 
Chace,  Harvey 

Marries  Hannah  Wood,  1 :  18 ;  anecdote,  22 ; 
his  brother's  partner,  24 ;  would  help  fugitive 
slave  Susan,  46 ;  renewed  partnership  with 
S.  B.  C,  honorably  discharged  in  bankruptcy, 
fifteen  years  later  pays  up  the  debt,  68 ;  74 ; 
joins  Wilburites,  104  ;  144  ;  his  home,  204  ; 
206. 
Chace.  H.  and  S.  B. 

Firm  operating  mill  in  Valley  Falls,  R.   I., 
pays  creditors,   1 :    68 ;    village  environment, 
73-4;    II:  54. 
Chace,  James  Harvey 

Beauty,  1 :    18 ;    A.  S.  sympathies,  223 ;    in 
London,  II :  48 ;  donor  of  bust  of  John  Bright 
to  Friends'  Sch.,  182. 
Chace,  John  Goald 

[Fourth  child  of  S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  I:  33 ; 
70  ;    71 ;    verses  to,  75-7  ;    childish  loveliness 
a  lasting  influence,  II:  252-3. 
Chace,  Jonathan 

Beauty  of,  1 :  18 ;  128 ;  escorts  E.  B.  C. 
and  sons  across  N.  Y.  City,  155 ;  elected  to 
Town  Council,  his  political  career,  II:  33;  in 
U.  S.  Senate,  quotes  tradition;  +,  213;  his 
family  entertains  E.  B.  C.  at  lunch,  302,  311 ; 
he  and  his  family  especially  attentive  to  E. 
B.  C,  311. 
Chace,   Lamira 

Her  type,  contempt  for  men,  1 :  29 ;    A.   S. 
mention,  54. 
Chace,  Lucretia  Gifford 

[Wife  of  James  H.],   I:    223;     in   London, 
II:  48. 
Chace,  Luther  &  Co. 

I:    24;    failure  of  (1837),  68. 
Chace,  L.ydia  B. 

Teaches  freed  men,  I:  124. 
Chace,  Malcolm  Greene 

[Son  of  Arnold  B.],  I:  343;  recalls  memory 
of  Ned  Chace ;  his  tennis  playing,  II :  198-9. 
Chace,   Margaret   nille    ["Daisy"! 

[Dau.  of  Arnold  B.],  sketch  of,  II:    200;    in 
Georgia,   238. 
Chace,  Martha 

Teaches  freedmen,  1 :  124. 


Chace,  Mary 

[B.  Jan.  4,  1852;  tenth  child  of  S.  B.  and 
E.  B.  C],  I:  34;  111;  115;  132;  204;  275; 
283  ;  284  ;  287  ;  289  ;  290  ;  291 ;  295  ;  298  ;  307  ; 
goes  to  hear  Phillips  lecture  and  see  Booth, 
344  ;  346 ;  anecdote,  II :  4  ;  her  interpreta- 
tion of  the  Homestead  furnishings,  5  ;  8  ;  11 ; 
22 ;  23,  27  ;  goes  to  Pisa,  42 ;  recites  Whit- 
tier's  verses,  43 ;  serious  illness  in  Nice, 
moved  to  Paris,  45 ;  betrothed  to  H.  R. 
Cheney   (1874),  52;    322. 

See  Cheney,  Mary  C. 
Chace,  Oliver 

Cotton  manufacturer,  1 :  18  ;  history  and  oc- 
cupations, 21-2 ;  m.  Susan  BufBngton,  educa- 
tion of  their  children,  22-3;  objects  to  E. 
B.  C.'s  curls,  25 ;  assists  his  sons  in  business, 
68 ;  leaves  a  moderate  fortune,  108. 
Chace,  Oliver 

[Fifth   child   of   S.    B.   and   E.    B.    C],   his 
death  left  parents  childless,  1 :  34  ;    death  of, 
verses  to,  77—8. 
Chace,  Samuel 

[Brother    of    Lamira],    quotes    Shakespeare, 
I:  29. 
Chace,  Samuel  BufHngton 

[B.  near  Fall  River,  Mass.,  March,  1800,  d. 
Valley  Falls,  R.  L,  Dec,  1870],  anecdote, 
1 :  18  ;  ancestry  ;  birth,  early  training,  21-2  ; 
education,  character,  23 ;  personal  beauty ; 
goes  into  business  with  his  brother  Harvey  ; 
engaged  to  Elizabeth  Buffum ;  accepted  by 
her  family,  anecdote ;  marries  E.  B.,  June, 
1828 ;  considers  her  the  prettiest  of  Arnold 
Buffum's  daughters,  24—5 ;  receives  home- 
sick letter  from  wife ;  evidences  of  mutual 
devotion  ;    reads  Amelia  Opie,  26-8. 

Early  housekeeping,  his  helpfulness ;  his 
financial  management  approved  by  Ellen 
Barker ;  called  by  Christian  name,  28-30 ; 
corresponds  with  Arnold  Buffum,  30 ;  busi- 
ness characteristics  ;  relation  to  home  affairs  ; 
devotion  to  his  wife,  33,  34-5 ;  reads  Bible  at 
table,  38  ;  little  daughter's  confidence  in  his 
affection,  39  ;  40 ;  needed  at  home  to  manage 
factory  squabble,  41. 

A.  S.  meetings  at  his  house,  52,  54  ;  gift  to 
C.  C.  Burleigh,  58 ;  61 ;  63 ;  signs  A.  S. 
petition,  67 ;  fails  in  business,  honorably 
discharged  from  indebtedness,  renews  partner- 
ship with  his  brother  to  operate  a  mill  in 
Valley  Falls  ;  15  years  later  pays  creditors  of 
1837  in  full,  68  ;  goes  to  Pawtucket  to  live, 
69 ;     moves   to   Valley    Falls,   builds  Cumber- 


[  349  ] 


land  House,  71 ;  remoteness  from  railroad ; 
environment;    +,73-4. 

Becomes  a  Oarrisonian,  85  ;  Quaker  scruples, 
94;  his  wife's  devotion;  +,99;  100;  cor- 
di.ll  message  from  Garrison,  101 ;  remains  a 
Quaker ;  joins  Wilburites,  104 ;  his  simple 
creed,  105 ;  not  quite  a  Spiritualist,  107 ; 
uses  Quaker  language  in  business ;  wears 
Quaker  gjarb ;  continued  interest  in  Quaker 
meetingrs  and  customs,  108—9. 

Dietetic  abstinence,  110 ;  permits  wife  to 
dress  as  she  pleases,  113 ;  enthusiastic  about 
Giddings,  anecdote,  118 ;  friendship  with 
Mrs.   Greene,  123-4. 

Family  isolation,  125-6 ;  friendship  with 
Adam  Anthony,  127  ;  128 ;  grief  at  death  of 
E.  B.  C.'s  sister  Sarah,  129 ;  conservatism ; 
builds  Homestead ;  anecdote  of  financial 
methods,  134-5 ;  friendship  with  Frederick 
Douglass,  144  ;  +  ;  host  of  Wendell  Phillips, 
146  ;  kindness  to  Parker  Pillsbury  ;  +,  154—5  ; 
155  ;  E.  B.  C.'s  comment  on  his  letter,  156  ; 
157. 

Asked  to  make  donation  to  Penn.  A.  S.  Pair, 
164 ;  an  indulgent  father ;  unconventional 
theories  about  bringing  up  children,  203-4 ; 
a  home  lover,  205  ;  212  ;  business  threatened  ; 
loyal  to  A.  S.  principles,  215 ;  comment  on 
E.  B.  C.'s  love  for  Sam,  219 ;  tribute  from 
Sallie  Holley,  227  ;  joins  E.  B.  C.  in  refusal 
to  use  Valley  Falls  meeting  house,  232-3. 

Messages  of  remembrance  from  Garrison,  242, 
260 ;  cautious  about  comment  on  draft  riots  ; 
visit  from  Aaron  M.  Powell,  252-3  ;  business 
lo.sses,  272 ;  helps  furnish  Village  Reading 
Room,  283 ;  goes  to  the  seashore ;  Sallie 
Holley  solicitous  about  his  health,  288  ;  290 ; 
takes  Sam  into  his  office,  294. 

Breaking  in  health,  297 ;  300 ;  tired  and 
over  busy,  302-3  ;  on  horseback  up  Red  Hill, 
serious  results  to  health,  305 ;  relieved  in 
business  cares  by  his  son  Edward;  +,  307; 
influence  valued  by  Lucy  Stone,  312  ;  amused 
by  newspaper  comment  on  Arnold,  313. 

Increasing  ill  health,  313,  314,  317  ;  no  fear 
of  death,  315  ;  324  ;  329  ;  long  illness  ;  con- 
stant companionship  of  his  wife  ;  incidents  ; 
happy  in  visit  from  Clara  Holmes,  335-6 ; 
death  of,  3.36 ;  incidents  in  connection  with 
funeral  ;  loving  service  of  Joe  Collet ;  funeral 
address  by  Garrison;  +,  337-9;  memorial 
by  Phillips,  339-40 ;  sketch  of  career  by  E. 
B.  C,  340-1. 

Built  wonderful  dam,  II :  181 ;  his  quiet 
friendship,    252 ;     253 ;     keeper  of   station   on 


underground  R.  R.,  256,  265,  269 ;  accepts 
A.  S.  principles,  261 ;  anecdote  about  color 
line,  262-3  ;  rebuked  for  A.  S.  principles  by 
omission  in  Friends'  certificate  of  removal, 
263-4  ;    274  ;  287. 

C'hace,  Samuel  Oliver 

[B.  Valley  Falls,  R.  I.,  Oct.  19,  1843,  d. 
Valley  Falls,  March,  1867;  sixth  child  of 
S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  the  special  child  of  hia 
mother's  heart,  1 :  34  ;  99  ;  takes  part  in 
A.  S.  dialogue,  117 ;  125 ;  early  education 
with  governess,  130-1 ;  132 ;  helps  his 
brother,  character,  devotion  to  brother ;  goes 
to  boarding  school  in  Hopedale,  Mass.,  where 
white  and  colored  pupils  were  received,  133 ; 
brings  home  school  notions,  134  ;  at  Eagles- 
wood  with  mother,  incidents  and  accidents, 
155-7. 

Tutored  by  Mr.  Magi  11 ;  +,  202;  enters 
Brown  University;  +,  203;  home  indul- 
gences and  discipline,  203-4  ;  210  ;  212 ;  wishes 
to  go  to  war,  mother's  opposition,  passive 
obedience,  216-17,  219-20;  224;  227;  of  age 
to  be  drafted,  241-2  ;  252 ;  goes  to  Labrador 
with  Wm.  Bradford,  his  mother  wishes  him 
to  write  to  the  newspapers  ;  +,  275  ;  288  ; 
Temperance  work,  289,  294 ;  mission  work  in 
Sunday  Sch.,  294. 

Personal  beauty  and  characteristics,  enters 
his  father's  office ;  illness,  constant  compan- 
ionship of  his  mother,  294 ;  loving  letter  to 
sister  Mary,  295-6 ;  devotion  of  friends ; 
death  of,  296 ;  funeral  addresses  by  Garrison 
and  Geo.  Thompson,  297  ;  effect  of  death,  297 ; 
298;  letter  from  Phillips,  299;  story  about 
him  told  twenty  years  after  his  death,  300—1 ; 
remembered  by  Lucy  Stone,  303  ;  confidential 
nearness  to  his  brother  Edward,  305 ;  his 
mother's  sorrowful  thought,  II :  45-6  ;  makes 
flag,  270. 
Chace,  Susan  B. 

[Wife  of  Oliver],  I:    22,  36. 
Chace,  Susan  Elizabeth 

[Third  child  of  S.  B.  and  E.  B.  C],  birth, 
1 :    33 ;    anecdotes  ;    illness ;    38-9 ;    40. 

Chace,  WilHam 

Original  colonist,  follower  of  Anne  Hutchin- 
son, I:  21. 

Chace,  WiUiam 

[Grandfather  of  Eliza  Greene  Chace] ,  I:  119; 
II :   31 :    238. 

Chace,  William 

(Son  of  Wm.],  I:    119. 


[350] 


Chad  wick,  John  W. 

Tells  anecdote  of  E.  B.   C.   and  Wm.   Ellery 
Channing,  1 :    12. 
Cbampney,    Elizabeth    Williams 

[Wife  of  James  Wells] ,  II :    256. 
Cbampney,  James  Wells 

I:     289;      entertains    E.    B.    C.'s    party    at 
Ecouen,    takes   them  to   studios ;     favorite   of 
M.    Fr&re ;     anecdote ;     H :     26-7 ;     birthday 
congratulations  to  E.   B.  C,  256. 
Chandler,  Mr. 

Delegate  to  Prison  Cong.,  11 :    21. 
Channing,  Eva 

II:  199. 
Channing:,  Grace  Ellery 

II :  278. 
Cbannins.  William   Ellery,   D.D. 

Advises   E.    B.   in  her  childhood,   1 :    12 ;     a 
great  soul,  114  ;    124  ;    inscriptions  in  his  copy 
of  Essay  on  Peace,  341. 
Channing:,    Dr.   William   Francis 

Kindness  during  Sam's  last  illness,  1 :  296 ; 
on  first  Exec.  Com.  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage 
Assn.  (1868) ,  311 ;  sends  E.  B.  C.  book  from 
his  father's  library,  341 ;  helps  form  Prov. 
Free  Religious  Soc.  (1873-4);  +,  II:  51; 
"chamelion  diet,"  52;  53;  on  universal 
suffrage,  110-11 ;  116  ;  approves  Nat'l  W.  S. 
Conv.  ;  thinks  that  leaders  of  Nat'l  Soc.  are 
not  responsible  for  some  objectionable  utter- 
ances, 143-4  ;  278. 
Channing:,  William  Henry 

Editor  of  The  Spirit  of  the  Age,  friend  of  the 
Springs,  1 :  114. 
Chapin,  Rev.  William  H. 

Founder  of  small  home  for  wayward   boys ; 
+  ,   II:   288-9. 
Chapman,  Henry 

(Son  of  Maria  Weston],  anecdote,  I:    57. 
Chapman,  Henry   Grafton 

[Husband    of    Maria    Weston],     related    to 
Ann  T.  Greene.  I:  55. 
Chapman,  Maria  Weston 

Author  of  "Right  and  Wrong,"  editor  of  H. 
Martineau's  Life ;  said  to  have  influenced 
Phillips;  "Stand  by  the  Liberator,"  I:  55-6; 
E.  B.  C.'s  recollections  of,  56-8 ;  readiness  to 
help  in  A.  S.  work,  62  ;  affection  for  E.  B.  C, 
62-3;  discourages  holding  A.  S.  Festivals 
after  war  has  begun,  226 ;  evenings  at  her 
house,  II:  20. 
Chase,  Charles  A. 

II:   272;     wishes   E.    B.   C.'s   book  given   to 
libraries,  278. 


Chase,    Liucy 

Appendix,  Vol.  I. 
Chase,  Salmon  P. 

I  Chief  Justice  U.   S.],  introduced  Douglass, 
+  ;     II :  137-8. 
Cliase,   Sarah 

Appendix,  Vol.  I. 
Chase,  Thomas,  Ph.D. 

Opinion  of  A.  S.  movement,  II :  272. 
Clieever,   Dr.  Georg:e  B. 

"Producing  a  moral  earthquake,"  I:  189. 
Cheney,   Daisy 

[Dau.   Ednah  D.],  II:    59. 
Cheney,  Mrs.  Ednah  D. 

Discusses  origin  of  evil  at  Appledore,  H :  59 ; 
serves  on  Com.  for  Sunday  meetings  of  Wom- 
an's Protective  Union,  asks  E.  B.  C.  to  give 
a  talk  on  her  own  life,  122 ;  159 ;  acceptance 
of  bereavement,  173. 
Cheney,  Elizabeth  C.   ["Bessie"! 

II:   74;   83;    123;  181;   character,  199-200; 
311  ;    330. 
Clieney,  Horace  Bundlett 

I:  289;  joins  E.  B.  C.'s  party  at  Clark's 
Island,  346 ;  II :  24  ;  25 ;  in  Paris  and  London 
with  E.  B.  C.'s  party,  45,  48;  betrothed  to 
Mary  Chace,  50 :  marriage,  May  5th,  1874, 
52  ;  at  Winthrop,  Mass.,  54,  56 ;  counsel  for 
Phillips'  protege,  57;  illness,  death;  tribute 
from  Phillips,  74-5  ;  daughter's  musical  abil- 
ity inherited  from  his  family,  200. 
Clieney,  Mary  Chace 

[Wife  of  Horace  R.],  II:  54;  57;  58;  liv- 
ing in  Boston,  64  ;  exhausted,  message  from 
Phillips,  74—5  ;  resigns  from  Prov.  Woman's 
Club,  81 ;  83 ;  returning  from  N.  Y.  ;  +, 
103  ;  becomes  engaged  to  James  P.  Tolman, 
welcomed  by  his  family,  114  ;  116  ;  marriage 
122-3.  See  Tolman,  Mary  C. 
Cheney,  Orrin  B.,  D.D. 

(Pres.  of  Bates  College],  Maine  Abolitionist, 
I:    346. 
Child,  Lydia  Maria 

Hesitates  about  non-resistance,  1 :  57-8  ;  her 
"Progress  of  Religious  Ideas"  in  schoolroom, 
131 ;  unwilling  to  provide  comforts  for  sol- 
diers except  thase  in  the  Kansas  contingent, 
217  ;  author  of  tract,  245. 
Chisolm,   Judge  

[Name    probably    incorrect    in    text]    victim 
of   political  murder,   II:    133. 

Chisolm, 

[Wife  of  Judge  C],  II:    133-4. 


[351] 


Cbfsolm,  Cornelia 

Victim  of  political  murder,  II :  133. 
Chisolm,  John 

Victim  of  political  murder,  II:  138. 
Choate.  Joseph 

H:  328. 
Churchill,  Mrs.  Elizabeth   K. 

On  first  Exec.  Com.  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage 
Assn.  (1868),  I:  311;  submits  to  E.  B.  C. 
her  reply  to  an  editorial,  321-2 ;  her  help 
valued  by  Mrs.  Howe,  II :  62 ;  opposes  E. 
B.  C.  on  the  race  question,  79-80 ;  124. 
Clapp,   Henry   Austin 

Lectures  at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  II :  202,  207. 
Clarke,  George  Li. 

Kindness  during  Sam's  last  illness,  I:  296. 
Clarke,  Frances  Alice 

[Wife  of  George  L.],  I:    124. 
Clarke,  Rev.  James  Freeman 

Misstates  Gairisonianism,  1 :  80. 
Clarke,  Peleg 

Former  association  with  A.  S.  work,  I ;  197 ; 
reminiscence  of  Arnold  Buffum,  198. 
Cleveland,  Grover 

Question  about   his   personal  fitness   for   the 
presidency,  II:  186;  189;  190. 
ClifTord,   £dward 

Story  of  early  acquaintance  with  E.  B.  C.'s 
party,  II :  43-4  ;  his  paintings,  attentions  to 
E.  B.  C.'s  party,  46,  47;  48;  renews  acquaint- 
ance with  E.  B.  C,  visits  at  the  Homestead ; 
mission  to  Father  Damien,  187-8  ;  sympathy 
with  Stead's  effort  to  expose  white  slavery  in 
London  ;  his  painting ;  affection  for  E.  B.  C, 
215  ;  memories  of  visit  to  Valley  Falls  ;  trou- 
bled about  E.  B.  C.'s  religion,  216;  230; 
advised  by  E.  B.  C.  about  proposed  work  in 
India,  232;  longs  for  Valley  Falls,  233;  tells 
of  sister  Margaret  and  her  family,  240 ;  his 
portraits  of  Father  Damien,  speaks  of  Amanda 
Smith ;  interest  in  corporal  punishment  in 
schools ;  his  enjoyment  of  life,  241 ;  ac- 
knowledges E.  B.  C.'s  book,  280 ;  281 ;  greet- 
ings to  E.  B.  C,  322,  325;  absorbed  in 
Church  Army  work,  325. 
ClifTord,  Margaret 

[Sister  of  Edward],  II:  43  ;  44  ;  shows  herself 
to  be  a  typical,  serious  English  girl  of  the 
period,  46-7. 

See  Williams,  Margaret  Clifford. 
Clifford,  Slary 

[Sister  of  Edward],  II:  215;  interest  in 
cori>oral  punishment,  241. 


Clougb,    Simon 

Opposed  to  A.  S.  discussion,  I:   49. 
Clongh,  Mrs.  S 

Prepares  and  circulates  petition  suggested  by 
E.  B.  C.'s  appeal  for  appointment  of  police 
matrons,  II :  70. 

Coffin,  I<evi 

[B.    New   Garden,   N.   C,  Oct.   28,  1798,   d- 
Avondale,    O.,    Sept.,    1877.      Known   as  Pres. 
of  Underground  R.  R.],  I:   49. 
Coggeshall,  James 

A  slaveholder,  II:  280. 
Coggeshall,  John 

First  Pres.  of  the  Aquidneck  Colony,  I:  1; 
II:  167. 
Coleridge,  John  Dnke,  Baron  Coleridga 

An  English  jurist,  II:  177. 
Collet,  Joe 

Drove  S.  B.  C.   during  illness,  requests  per- 
mission  to   drive   the   hearse   at   the   funeral, 
I:    337;    II:   55. 
Collins,  James  C. 

W.  B.  advocate,  II :  57. 
Collins,  William   Wilkle 

His  play  a  sermon,  II :   48  ;  meets  the  Chace 
party,  49. 
CoUyer,  Mrs.  Harriet 

[Mother  of  Robert],  II:    80. 
Collyer,  Kev.  Robert 

Preaches   wonderful   sermon  the  morning  of 
the  Chicago  fire,  1 :    347 ;     II :    20 ;    regrete 
inability  to  be  present  at  W.  S.  meeting,  237 ; 
affectionate  reminiscences,  255. 
Colt,  Hon.  Samuel  P. 

Values  E.  B.  C.'s  opinion  on  legislation  per- 
taining to  women  and  children,  II:    78. 
Combe,  George 

His  views  please  Arnold  Buffum,  1 :  91 ;    read 
to  the  Chace  children,  202. 
Conklin,  Mr.  

I:    200. 
Conroy,  Mary 

[Afterwards  Mrs.  Stephen  Jenks],  prot6g6  ot 
E.  B.  C,  I:    106. 
Conway,  Flien  Dans 

[Wife  of  Moncure  D.],  entertains  E.  B.  C.'s 
party,  11:    8,  48 ;    203;    pilgrimage  to  Brook 
Farm,  223;    294. 
Conway,  Mildred 

[Dau.  of  Moncure  D.],  pilgrimage  to  Brook 
Farm,  passion  for  Concord,  II:  223;  visits 
the  Sawyers  at  Lake  George,  297-8. 


[352] 


Conway,  Rev.  Moncure  Daniel 

In  demand  as  A.  S.  speaker,  1 :  183 ;  per- 
sonality, 184  ;  his  book,  240 ;  conducts  father's 
slaves  to  freedom ;  lectures  at  Pawtucket ; 
E.  B.  C.'s  guest,  anecdote ;  +,  240-1 ;  re- 
ports interview  with  Lincoln,  Jan.  25,  1863, 
248-9;  entertains  E.  B.  C.'s  party,  H:  8; 
takes  E.  B.  C.  through  London  slums ;  at 
reception  given  to  Col.  Higginson,  9 ;  11 ; 
quoted;  +,  19;  courtesies  to  E.  B.  C.'s 
party,  48 ;  returns  to  America,  64 ;  remi- 
niscence of  Wianno,  201-2 ;  prominent  in 
Sabbatia  Cottage  assemblies,  203,  gives  sev- 
eral addresses,  204,  an  address  on  his  change 
from  pro-  to  anti-slavery,  206—7,  on  Life  and 
Character  in  India,  207,  on  Woman's  place 
in  history,  208 ;  congratulates  E.  B.  C.  on 
her  influence  on  W.  S.  movement,  -222  ;  pil- 
grimage to  Brook  Farm,  enthusiasm  for  Con- 
cord, call  from  Dr.  Holmes,  223 ;  birthday 
greeting  to  E.  B.  C. ;  writing  life  of  Thomas 
Paine,  257-8 ;  returns  from  Eng.  to  Wianno, 
laments  changes  ;  to  take  part  in  a  demon- 
stration against  lynching,  297-8. 
Copeland,  John  A. 

[One    of    John    Brown's    men],    letters    to 
Liberator,  I:    210. 
Corregio, . 

His  Holy  Night,  I:    129;    H:    41. 
Correll,  Erasmus  M. 

Gratitude  for  gift,  H:    173. 
Cowper,  William 

His  verse  recited  by  Arnold  Buffum's  daugh- 
ters, 1 :   16 ;    S.  B.  Chace  buys  copy  of  poems, 
23;    129. 
Cozzens,  Plioebe 

Said  to  oppose  the  15th  amendment,  I:  316. 
Craddoclc,  Nannie 

II:  200. 
Crane,  Amanda  M. 

Writes  about  the  State  Farm,  I:    342. 
Cranston,  £dward  C. 

Unable  to  arrange  A.  S.   meetings,  1 :    168  ; 
active  in  A.  S.  work,  186. 
Crawford,  Xliomas  ' 

II:    141. 
Crowninshield,  Harriet 

Character,  engaged  to  E.  G.  Buffum,  death, 
I:  100. 
Cuffie 

Child  of  fugitive  slave,  II:    261. 
Curry,  James 

[Fugitive    slave],    E.    B.    C.'s    interest    in, 
1 :    70-1 ;    his  arrival  in  Fall  River,  II :   264. 


Curtis,  George  William 

Woman  Suffragist,  I:  304;    II:   278;    grati- 
tude for  E.  B.  C.'s  book,  279. 
Curtises 

[The  Boston],  family  of  many  lawyers,  I:  47. 
Cushing,  Elizabetli  [Baldwin] 

[Wife   of  Thomas],   kindness  to  E.    B.   C.'s 
party,  II:    31,   38,  39. 
Cushing,  Dr.  Ernest 

Friend   of   Barbieri,   II :    37 ;    39 ;     advises 
Barbieri,  40. 
Cashing,  Herbert 

Kindness    to    E.    B.    C.'s    party,    II:     31; 
masked  ball,  35  ;    36. 
Damien  de  Veuster,  Father  Joseph 

A   Roman  Catholic  missionary   who  devoted 
his  life  to  the  lepers,  II :    188 ;    241. 
Dana,  Richard  Henry 

Characterization,   his  opinion  of  the  feeling 
in  Washington  about  Lincoln  in  March,  1863, 
I:    249-50. 
Darnley,  liord   Henry   Stuart 

II:    21. 
Davidson,  Thomas 

[Scottish- American  philosopher  and  writer ; 
b.  Aberdeen,  1840,  d.  Montreal,  1900] ,  his  mem- 
orable visit  to  Wianno,  personality,  II :  201-2  ; 
always  ready  to  discourse  at  Sabbatia  Cot- 
tage, 204 ;  gives  three  lectures  and  recitea 
Scotch  poetry,  207. 
Davies,  Mrs.  Rose 

Nurse  in  Georgia,  II :   239. 
Davis,  Andrew  Jaclcson 

Spiritualist  writer,  I:    107. 
Davis,   Eliza   Chace 

[First  wife  of  Thomas],  I:   124. 
Davis,  Garrett 

Opposes  A.  S.  bill,  I:    234. 
Davis,  Jefferson 

I:    304. 
Davis,  3Iarla  Mott 

[Wife    of    Edward    M.],    visited    by    S.    B. 
Anthony,  II:    319. 
Davis,  Paulina  Wright 

[Wife  of  Thomas],  social  position  in  Prov., 
I:  120;  interest  in  W.  R.,  121;  151;  160; 
helps  E.  B.  C.  get  up  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage 
Assn.,  309,  elected  Pres.  of  Assn.,  309,  311; 
makes  confidant  of  E.  B.  C,  conflicting  duties, 
314  ;  opposes  15th  Amendment,  316,  tries  to  win 
over  E.  B.  C,  319;  determined  to  prevent 
R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.  from  afliliating 
with  new  movement,  324  ;    333  ;    suspicious  of 


[353] 


governor's  sincerity  in   making  appointments 
to  new  Board  of  Lady  Visitors,  334-6;  should 
have  due  praise  for  efforts,  II :    115 ;    early 
W.  R.  work,  185;    241. 
Davis,  Thomas 

[Of  noble  Irish  parentage,  came  to  America], 
becomes  member  of  Cong.,  I:  119;  marries 
Paulina  Wright,  120;  289;  one  of  the  vice- 
presidents  of  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn. 
(1868),  311;  314. 
Day,  Mary  E. 

Appendix,  Vol.  I. 

See  Brown,  Mary  Day. 
Del  Sarto,  Andrea 

II:    42. 
De  Xrompe,  Julie 

[A  Danish  Countess],  romance  of,   II:    37, 
40-1. 
De  Trompe,  Sopliie 

[A  Danish  Countess],  II:    37. 
Diaz,  Abby  Morton 

At  Sandwich,  N.  H.,  I:   346;    II:    124. 
Dicliens,  Charles 

His  books  recommended  to  the  Chace  chil- 
dren, I:    202;    II:    11. 
Dicliinson,  Anna  Elizabeth 

[A.  S.  and  W.  R.  speaker],  I:  233;  +; 
visits  E.  B.  C,  youth,  brilliant  personality, 
anecdotes,  234-5 ;  careful  plans  for  her  lec- 
ture trip,  236 ;  nervous  excitement ;  speaks 
before  Theodore  Parker's  congregation,  237 ; 
aspirations,  240 ;  252 ;  distrust  of  Lincoln, 
regrets  Garrison's  attitude,  admires  Phillips, 
263  ;  264  ;  289  ;  reports  Western  enthusiasm, 
815 ;  E.  B.  C.  hears  her  lecture  in  N.  Y., 
II :  108 ;  her  comment  on  Susan  B.  Anthony, 
213. 
Dietriclc,  Ellen  Batelle 

[Wife  of  William  Albert],  II:    201;    speaks 
at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  204. 
DIngley,  Nelson,  Jr. 

[ex-Gov.   of  Maine],   quoted  in  reference  to 
child  labor  law,  II:    150. 
Dix,  Dorothea 

Assists  Charles  Sumner  in  procuring  pardon 
for  Drayton  and  Sayres,  I:    146. 
Dodge,  3Iiss  

[Principal  of  Codman  Hill  School,  Dorches- 
ter], comment  on  the  Phillips— Thompson  dis- 
agreement, I:    261-2. 
Dore,  Paui  Gustave 

II:  48. 
Douglas,  Mrs.  ^— 

Dublin  boarding-house  keeper,  II:   5. 


Dougias,  Stephen  Arnoid 

II:    277;    278. 
Dougiass,  Anna 

[First   wife   of   Fred'k],   husband's  courtesy 
to,  1 :    266  ;    happy  in  Washington,  II :    110  ; 
134;    135;    139;    179. 
Douglass,    Fredericli 

Break  with  Garrison,  1 :  136-7  ;  marvelous 
personality  ;  friendship  with  E.  B.  C.  ;  re- 
cruits colored  soldiers,  143  ;  early  oratory ; 
tribute  from  Phillips ;  brief  sketch ;  E.  B. 
C.  like  a  sister,  143-4 ;  claims  follies  and 
crimes  of  negro  so  like  those  of  whites  as 
to  establish  identity,  167  ;  185  ;  debate  with 
Remond,  189 ;  visited  by  E.  B.  C.  and  party, 
remarkable  interview,  266-6 ;  graceful  cour- 
tesy towards  his  wife,  266 ;  present  at  W.  S. 
Con  v.,  311 ;  anecdote,  312  ;  comes  occasion- 
ally to  the  Homestead,  II:  110;  his  Wash- 
ington home,  134-6 ;  Chief  Justice  Chase's 
estimate  of,  137—8 ;  appreciation  of  E.  B.  C.'s 
Washington  letter ;  feeling  for  old  Abolition- 
ists ;  attends  memorial  meeting  for  Lucretia 
Mott ;  +,  139-40;  175;  second  marriage; 
comes  to  New  England ;  attends  Phillips' 
funeral,  179 ;  expects  to  attend  B.  I.  Woman 
Suffrage  Con  v.  in  Prov.  [1884]  ;  affection  for 
E.  B.  C,  189 ;  191 ;  call  to  Hayti  prevento 
him  from  making  visits  to  N.  E.  friends,  251 ; 
strength  and  endurance  of  his  friendship  with 
E.  B.  C.  ;  reminiscence  of  the  time  when  he 
was  merely  "  Frederick,"  253—4 ;  one  time 
guest  of  Jacob  Bright,  276 ;  talking  of  E.  B. 
C.  when  her  book  is  delivered  to  him,  280 ; 
feels  high  and  reverent  honor  for  E.  B.  0. 
and  Parker  Pillsbury  ;  appeal  for  fair  treat- 
ment, 296 ;  loving  remembrance  of  E.  B.  C, 
298-9 ;  visits  E.  B.  C.  during  her  illness,  32a 
Dougiass,  Helen  Pitts 

[Second  wife  of  Fred'k],  visits  New  Eng- 
land, II :  179 ;  a  Woman  Suffragist,  189 ; 
message  to  E.  B.  C,  251 ;  253;  280;  joins 
husband  in  loving  sentiments  for  E.  B.  C, 
299. 
Downing,  Andrew  J. 

Entertains  Fredrika  Bremer,  I:    114. 
Downing,  George  T. 

Regrets  that  he  and  his  wife  cannot  be  pres- 
ent at  E.  B.  C.'s  birthday  party,  II:    254-6; 
golden  wedding,  255-6. 
Doyle,  Liouis  J. 

II:    241. 
Doyle,  Sarah  E. 

Invites  E.  B.  C.  to  attend  a  meeting  of  R.  I. 
Woman's  Club;    -f,  II:   98-9. 


[354] 


I>oyle.  Sarah  £.  H. 

[Wife  of  Ix)uis  J.],  rejoices  that  the  act 
establishing  Board  of  Lady  Visitors  has  been 
passed,  1 :  333  ;  334  ;  H :  72 ;  inspired  to 
work  by  E.  B.  C,  92;  friendship  with  E.  B. 
C.  ;  death,  obituary  tribute  by  E.  B.  C, 
241-2. 
Doyle,  Thomas  A. 

[Chairman  of  Board  of  State  Charities  and 
Corrections,  later  the  most  distinguished 
Mayor  of  Prov.,  re-elected  many  times],  rec- 
ommends appointment  of  women  on  Boards  of 
Inspection  of  the  State  Prison  and  the  State 
Farm,  I:  330;  resigns  from  Board  of  C.  and 
C.  ;  indifferent  to  slurs  by  Journal;  +, 
332-3;  quoted  and  criticized  by  E.  B.  C, 
II :  96 ;  agrees  with  E.  B.  C.  concerning 
location  of  Reform  Sch.,  128-9. 
Drayton,   Capt.  Daniel 

Unsuccessful  attempt  to  help  slaves  escape  in 
his  vessel;    visits  E.  B.  C,  I:    145. 
Dresser,  Rev.  Amos 

Abolitionist,  1 :    39. 
Dyer,  Mary 

Quaker  martyr,  II :  124,  311. 
£arle,  Eliza 

[Dau.  of  Patience  Buffum  and  Pliny  Earle], 
special  friend  of  E.  B.,  later  marries  William 
Hacker,  I:  6;  confidant  of  E.  B.,  14;  sends 
sentimental  letters,  15 ;  cannot  accept  no- 
government  theory,  65. 
Earle,   Patience  Buffum 

[Wife  of  Pliny],  I:    6;    II:    272. 
Earle,   Fliny 

Marries  dau.  of  William  Buffum,  I:    6. 
Earle,   Dr.   Pliny 

[Well-known  alienist],  I:    6;    a  fascinating 
boy,  15. 
Earle,  William  B. 

Uncompromising  Abolitionist,  II:    274. 
Eastman,  Mary  F. 

II:    159;    191. 
Eaton,  Amasa  M. 

Effort    to    get    women    appointed    on    State 
Board  of  Charities,  II :    52 ;    discusses  Sena- 
torial candidates,  53—4. 
Eddy,  Mrs.  Eliza  Francis 

[Dau.  of  Francis  Jackson],  friend  of  Phillips, 
1 :    308  ;    her  will,  talk  with  Phillips,  II :  169, 
170. 
Eddy,  Sarah  J. 

II:    319. 
Eichberg:,  Julius 

At  Appledore,  II:    59. 


Eldredgre,   W.  D. 

Supt.  of  Reform  Sch.,  II:  102-3,  urges  larger 
accommodations  at  Sch.,  109. 
Eliot,  George 

II:    38. 
Eliot,  John 

William  Chace  member  of  his  church,  1 :  21. 
Elliott,  Maud  Howe 

[Wife  of  John],  at  Mrs.  Tudor's  reception, 
II:    141. 
Emerson,   Ralph   Waldo 

His  Brahma,  I:  202;  urges  W.  S.,  304;  first 
member     of    Free     Religious     Assn.     (1867), 
II :    51 ;     his   Town  and  Country  Club,   114 ; 
beloved   teacher,   223. 
Estlin,  Mary  A. 

Meets   E.    B.   C,   11:    23,   impressed  by   ac- 
count    of     pro-slavery     action     of    American 
Friends,  279. 
Executive   Committees 

Of  the  American  A.  S.  Soc.  for  1864  and  1865, 
I:    282-3. 
Fairbank,  Rev.  Calvin 

Slave  rescuer,  sufferings,  II :  216—17 ;  con- 
tributions for,  217  ;  message  to  E.  B.  C,  325. 
Fairbanlcs,  Anna 

[Wife  of  Asa],  II:    238.  • 

Fairbanlts,  Asa 

Arranges   A.   S.  Conv.   details,  1 :    172,  175 ; 
not  interested  in  formation  of  State  A.  S.  so- 
cieties,   175,    185 ;     wishes   to  continue   Prov. 
A.  S.  lectures,  187  ;    192. 
Fairbanks,  Rhoda  Anna 

First  Secretary  R.   I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn. 
(1868),  I:  311. 
Farnum,  R.  M. 

Reminiscence   of   a   Phila.    pro-slavery   mob, 
II:    272. 
Fessenden,  Benjamin 

[Unitarian  minister  and  Harvard  graduate], 
1 :    74 ;    description  of,  joins  Baptist  Church, 
105. 
Fessenden,  Mary  Wilkinson 

[Wife   of    Benjamin],    description   of,    anec- 
dote, I:    105-6. 
Fielde,  Adele  M. 

Lectures  at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  11 :   206. 
Fillmore,   Millard 

[Pres.  U.  S.,  who  signed  the  Fugitive  Slave 
Bill],  I:    122;    pardons  Drayton  and  Sayres, 
145;  229. 
Fiske,  John 

E.  B.  C.'s  feeling  about  his  book  "The  Be- 
ginnings of  New  England,"  II:    242. 


[365] 


Fitts.  Elizabetk 

Engaged  to  teach  children,  II:    1S2-3. 
Fletcher,  Alice 

II:    56. 
Forbes,  John  Murray 

Quoted,  +,  I:    267. 
Ford,  Sophia 

Governess  in  Chace  family,  1 :    130-1 ;    mes- 
sages from  E.  B.  C,  156,  157. 
Fofis,  Rev.  Andew  T. 

A.  S.  speaker,  1 :   181,  196,  199. 
Foster,  Abby  Kelley 

[Wife  of  Stephen  Symonds],  I:  119;  hero- 
ism of,  139,  141 ;  165 ;  166 ;  167 ;  solicitor 
of  funds  to  aid  A.  S.  cause,  168  ;  172  ;  190 ; 
229  ;  fears  new  compromises,  240  ;  criticized, 
280-1;  283;  310;  335;  II:  180;  enthusiasm 
for  work,  185 ;  criticizes  Col.  Higginson  for 
supporting  Cleveland,  186 ;  219 ;  at  Lucy 
Stone's  reunion,  220 ;  illness  and  death, 
227-9  ;  235  ;  E.  B.  C.'s  tribute  to,  236  ;  "Our 
Joan  of  Arc,"  274  ;  extracts  from  E.  B.  C.'s 
published  tribute  to,  282-3. 
Foster,  Alia  Wright 

[Dau.  Stephen  S.  and  Abby  Kelley  Foster], 
1\:    58 ;    228-9 ;    mother's  devotion  to  duty, 
283. 
Foster,  Fannie 

Criticizes  Phillips  and  Thompson,  I:  261—2. 
Foster,  Horatio  W. 

Colored  man  of  Prov.,  I:    185. 
Foster,  Stephen  Symonds 

1 :  119 ;  141 ;  feels  A.  S.  principles  have 
freed  him  from  fear  of  death,  163  ;  plans  to 
hold  A.  S.  meeting  at  Valley  Falls,  165 ;  de- 
ceived by  impostor,  166 ;  offended  Slaterville 
Influence,  168;  A.  S.  lecturer,  172,  174,  175, 
176,  184-5 ;  his  vehemence  of  speech  con- 
demned, 176-7  ;  disapproves  Garrison's  with- 
drawal from  political  life,  would  form  an  A. 
S.  political  party,  188-9,  190-1 ;  229 ;  276 ; 
criticized  by  Mr.  May,  280-1 ;  advises  E.  B.  C, 
310  ;  overworked,  II :  185  ;  his  book  "  The 
American  Church  a  Brotherhood  of  Thieves," 
republished,  its  effect  on  readers,  191-2 ;  wife 
writes  biographical  sketch  of,  228 ;  282 ;  283. 
Fox,  George 

Founder  of  Quakerism,  1:1;  attends  Daniel 
Gould's   wedding   in    R.    I.    (1651),  2;     great 
progressionist,  159 ;    253. 
Fox,  Oustavus  V. 

Asst.  Sec'y  of  Navy  in  1883,  memorandum 
about  Lincoln,  I:    266-7. 


Frederick    William,    Crown    Prince    of 
Germany 
II:    33. 
Freeman,  Hon.  Edward  L. 

Disclaims    title    to    especial    gratitude    for 
service,  II:    184. 
Fremont,  John  Charles 

Criticized  by  Garrison,  defended  by  Phillips, 
1 :   258-9  ;    nominated  to  Presidency  by  Cleve- 
land Conv.,  260 ;    childish  comment  on  nom- 
ination, 262,  264;    II:    269. 
French,  Alice 

[Octave  Thanet],  II:    200. 
French,  Richard  C. 

A.   S.   discussion,   1 :    49 ;    hears  from   fugi- 
tive slave,  70. 
Fr^re,  Edouard 

[Teacher    of    James    Wells    Champney],    re- 
ceives   E.    B.    C.'s   party    at    his    home    and 
studio,  II:    26-7. 
Frire,   >Iadame 

Pride  in  her  husband,  II:    26. 
Fretwell,  John 

II:    73. 
Frothingham,  Rev.  Octavius  Brooks 

I:    308;    first    Pres.    Free   Religious    Assn., 
II:    5L 
Fuller,  Margaret 

Visits  E.  B.  C,  I:    100;    news  of  her  mar- 
riage and  motherhood,  115. 

See  Ossoli,  Margaret  Fuller. 
Gage,  Mrs.  Martha  Joslyn 

II :    116 ;     comment  on  her  suggestion  that 
women   might   be  justified  in   using  bribery, 
144. 
Gannett,  Mary  Liewis 

[Wife  of  William  C],  II:   176;    318. 
Gannett,  Rev.  William  Channing 

Answers  criticism  of  Moody  by  E.  B.  C, 
II:  81-3;  replies  to  E.  B.  C.'s  objection  to 
his  use  of  old  religious  phraseology,  215—16 ; 
sends  birthday  verses  to  E.  B.  C,  224 ;  birth- 
day message  to  E.  B.  C,  318. 
Garfield,  James  A. 

II:    139. 
Garlin,  Anna 

II :    78.      See  Spencer,  Anna  Garlin. 
Garrison,  Ellen  Wright 

[Wife  of  Wm.  Lloyd  the  Second],  II:   185; 
message  to  E.  B.  C,  223. 
Garrison,  Francis  Jackson 

[Youngest  son  of  William  Lloyd],  I:    289; 
tribute   to   Edward  Gould   Chace,  344;     848; 


[356] 


sends  letters  of  introduction  to  E.  B.  C. ;  +, 
II:  2,  value  of  these  letters,  20;  opinion  of 
Greeley,  24 ;  takes  manuscript  of  "  The  Child 
of  the  State"  to  Howells  ;  +,88;  gives  re- 
ception for  the  Villards,  124 ;  +  ;  calls  on 
E.  B.  C,  her  comment,  201;  220;  223;  at 
Abby  Kelley  Foster's  funeral,  228 ;  helps  dis- 
tribute E.  B.  C.'s  book  in  England  and  Scot- 
land, 279 ;  congratulates  E.  B.  C.  on  her 
eighty-seventh  birthday ;  W.  S.  tea  party ; 
quotes  Phillips  Brooks,  290-1 ;  his  thought- 
fulness,  296 ;  298 ;  rejoices  because  the  R.  I. 
Legislature  responded  to  E.  B.  C.'s  appeal, 
312 ;  entertains  Alfred  Webb  and  wife, 
312-13;  314;  message  to  E.  B.  C,  326;  letter 
from,  +,  331. 
Garrison,  Georgre  ThompBon 

[Oldest  son  of  William  Lloyd],  I:    63;    not 
a  Non-Resistant,  241-2;    II:    220;    275. 
Garrison,  Helen  £liza 

[Wife  of  William  Lloyd],  I:  63,  136,  146; 
asks  donations  for  A.  S.  Festival,  213 ;  her 
hospitality  ;  mentions  A.  S.  workers,  214—15  ; 
visits  Valley  Falls,  221-3;  226;  saddened 
by  slavery  and  the  war,  227 ;  invalidism ; 
love  of  flowers,  259-60 ;  disapproves  Phillips' 
course,  264 ;  337 ;  message  to  E.  B.  C, 
II:  2;  60;  223;  anecdote  of  early  married 
life,  237;  273. 
Garrison,   Helen  Frances   ["Fanny"] 

[Dau.  of  William  Lloyd],  visits  E.  B.  C. 
with  parents,  incidents,  reads  Aurora  Leigh 
with  L.  B.  C,  I:  222-3;  lively  letter  to  Miss 
Holley,  226 ;  264 ;  preparing  for  marriage 
with  Henry  Villard,  284;    285. 

See  Villard,  Fanny  Garrison. 

Garrison,  Lloyd  McKim 

[Son    of    Wendell    P.],    his    college    ode, 
II:  221-2. 
Garrison,  Mary  Pratt 

[Wife  of  Francis  J.],  gives  reception  for  the 
Villards,  II :    124  ;    193  ;    201. 

Garrison,  Wendell  Phillips 

[Third  son  of  William  Lloyd],  would  not 
go  to  war  if  drafted,  I:  241-2;  calls  on 
E.  B.  C,  her  comment,  II:  201;  220;  re- 
calls old  A.  S.  alliance  of  Buffum  and  Gar- 
rison, 223-4. 
Garrison,  William  Lloyd 

[B.  Newburyport,  Mass.,  Dec.  10,  1805;  d. 
New  York  City,  May  24,  1879],  one  of  twelve 
men  to  organize  N.  E.  A.  S.  Soc. ;  becomes 
corresponding  secretary  of  that  body,  1 :    44 ; 


relation  to  Liberator;  holds  obnoxious  opin- 
ions, determined  to  express  them ;  political 
convictions  ;  theory  about  voting,  54-5  ;  61 ; 
domestic  situation  ;  worldly  circumstances  ; 
A.  S.  lectures,  63 ;  Non-Resistance  principles, 
65 ;  tribute  from  E.  B.  C.  ;  R.  I.  workers 
try  to  discredit  him,  78-9 ;  disbelief  in 
earthly  government,  80. 

Opposes  formation  of  political  A.  S.  party ; 
would  have  Abolitionists  free  to  maintain  the 
attitude  of  moral  critics  ;  considers  whether 
the  U.  S.  Constitution  was  susceptible  of 
A.  S.  interpretation ;  votes  in  early  life ; 
advances  slowly  to  voting  and  disunion  issues  ; 
definite  decision  on  these  questions,  81-3 ; 
constantly  applied  to  for  lectures,  especially  on 
slavery,  "multitudinous  engagements,"  101; 
127  ;    portrait,  with  text,  129. 

Connection  with  E.  B.  C.  through  marriage 
to  Helen  Benson,  136 ;  E.  B.  C.'s  exalted 
opinion  of ;  difficulty  with  N.  P.  Rogers ; 
break  with  Douglass,  136 ;  anecdotes ;  rela- 
tion with  Arnold  Bufltum ;  avoids  A.  S.  meet- 
ings in  Prov.  ;  -)-,  137 ;  brings  comfort  in 
bereavement ;  + ,  138  ;  141 ;  146  ;  reverenced 
by  E.  B.  C,  147,  149-50;  gratitude  and  af- 
fection towards  Arnold  Buffum  ;  feeling  about 
speaking  in  Prov.,  159-60 ;  tribute  to  Daniel 
Mitchell,  165. 

Favors  postponement  of  Con  v.,  171-2  ;  ill- 
ness;  +,  172;  "unfaltering  faith,"  176; 
necessary  at  A.  S.  meetings,  177;  "must  be 
excused,"  will  speak  later  if  able ;  glad  to 
publish  A.  S.  notices  in  Liberator;  -f,  181—2; 
183  ;  accepts  invitation  to  Valley  Falls,  185  ; 
"an  admirable  example;"  -\-,  186-7;  polit- 
ical views,  188  ;  delighted  at  success  of  A.  S. 
meetings  in  Prov.,  will  lecture  there,  192; 
"  ready  to  go  whenever  Phillips  does,"  196 ; 
199  ;  affectionate  mention  of  Arnold  Buffum ; 
appreciation  of  E.  B.  C.'s  labors,  199-200; 
visited  by  E.  B.  C.  and  children;  +,  213; 
ill  health,  215  ;  considers  the  Union  an  arti- 
ficial bond,  and  the  Constitution  a  covenant 
with  death,  216 ;  opinion  of  the  legal  situa- 
tion (Sept.,  1862)  ;  divergence  from  Phillips 
becoming  apparent,  218-19. 

Visits  E.  B.  C.  at  Valley  Falls  with  wife 
and  daughter ;  personal  presence,  dignified 
beauty,  easily  entertained  ;  anecdotes  of  visit, 
intimate  acquaintance  with  James  Russell 
Lowell ;  +,  221—3 ;  makes  change  in  Liber- 
ator heading,  225-6  ;  "  rich  in  his  children  ;" 
receives  fair  play  from  the  Independent,  226 ; 
editorial  approved  by  Pillsbury,  229. 


[357] 


Cannot  fulfill  engagements ;  inclined  to  dis- 
courage A.  S.  meetings  in  spring  of  1862; 
holds  aloof  from  Phillips;  +,  230-1;  cannot 
go  to  Prov.,  236;  controversy  with  Pillsbury  ; 
+,  237  ;  divergence  from  Phillips  ;  +,  238  ; 
opinion  of  possible  drafting  of  Non-Resist- 
ants,   241-2. 

Editorial  in  Liberator  coincident  with  1st 
Emancipation  Proclamation,  243 ;  245 ;  ig- 
nores Pillsbury's  work,  246;  offers  as  amend- 
ment to  a  resolution  (Jan.,  1864)  "the  gov- 
ernment is  in  danger  of  sacrificing,"  etc.  ; 
differs  from  Phillips,  heated  discussion  ensues, 
doubts  Butler ;  anecdotes,  girlish  comment 
on  the  Garrison-Phillips  controversy,  257-9. 

Pleased  with  fiowers  from  E.  B.  C,  259-60; 
doubts  advisability  of  giving  ballot  immedi- 
ately to  freedmen,  attitude  towards  Lincoln  ; 
unites  with  George  Thompson  to  prove  Phillips 
inconsistent,  260-1 ;  262 ;  criticized  by  Anna 
Dickinson  ;  endorsement  of  Lincoln  ;  differs 
from  Phillips,  263-4 ;  attitude  of  Douglass 
towards  him,  266. 

Estimates  of  his  attitude  in  the  Reconstruc- 
tion Period  ;  +,  268-9  ;  his  Non-Resistance 
and  No-govemment  Perfectionism  theories ; 
important  debate  with  Phillips ;  opposing 
resolutions  offered  and  discussed  at  A.  S. 
meeting  (Jan.,  1865),  269-70,  what  these 
resolutions  imply ;  considers  precedent  as 
authoritative ;  opposed  by  Sumner  and 
Phillips,  271. 

At  the  May  meeting  in  1865  urges  immediate 
dissolution  of  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  ;  resolutions 
defeated  ;  refuses  renomination  to  the  presi- 
dency ;  succeeded  by  Phillips,  273 ;  defended 
by  S.  May,  Jr.,  279,  281;  282;  285;  im- 
possible to  obtain  a  hall  in  Washington  to 
speak  in,  287  ;  289 ;  no  longer  interested  in 
A.  S.  Soc,  291. 

Speaks  at  Samuel  O.  Chace's  funeral,  297 ; 
hopes  to  attend  W.  S.  Conv.  in  Prov.,  311 ; 
320 ;  asked  to  help  W.  S.  cause ;  influence  in 
the  West,  323 ;  sympathy  for  E.  B.  C.  in  the 
death  of  her  husband,  makes  principal  address 
at  the  funeral,  336-7,  extracts  from  address, 
837-9 ;  regrets  Phillips'  absence  from  the 
funeral,  339  ;  speaks  at  Edward  Chace's  funeral, 
342 ;  invited  to  speak  at  R.  I.  Woman  Suf- 
frage Assn. ;  under  engagement  to  visit 
Mr.   May,  347. 

II:  2;  letters  introducing  E.  B.  C,  2-3; 
value  of  his  letters,  20 ;  at  Mrs.  Chapman's 
in  1851,  20 ;  21 ;  reference  to  articles  on 
Presidential  campaign    (1872),   26;    60;    cor- 


dial invitation  to  E.  B.  C. ;  trip  to  Jaffrey, 
60 ;  prefers  to  speak  only  for  Wonuui  Suf- 
frage, 63 ;  visit  at  Homestead,  88 ;  last 
visit  to  E.  B.  C.  (Oct.  29,  1878),  100;  death, 
funeral  services  at  Roxbury,  eulogy  by 
Phillips,  112-13  ;  185  ;  220  ;  Arnold  Buffum'» 
friendship  for,  223-4;  "Boston  Mob,"  237; 
240  ;  convinces  Arnold  Buffum,  262  ;  270  ;  272  ; 
guest  at  Phoebe  Jackson's  home,  273 ;  enter- 
tained by  Jacob  Bright,  276  ;  291. 
Garrison,  William  Lloyd  the  Second 

[Second  son  of  Wm.  Lloyd],  I:  63;  would 
not  go  to  war  if  drafted,  241-2 ;  II :  60 ; 
friendship  with  E.  B.  C,  100;  185;  191; 
calls  on  E.  B.  C,  her  conunent,  201 ;  gives 
addresses  at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  204,  205,  208; 
at  Lucy  Stone's  reunion,  220 ;  message  to 
E.  B.  C,  223;  speaks  at  Abby  Kelley 
Foster's  funeral,  228-9 ;  laments  E.  B.  C.'s 
absence  from  Wianno,  294,  304 ;  reads  paper 
on  Immigration,  312 ;  orator  at  Pillsbury's 
funeral,  325;  sends  verses  to  E.  B.  C,  330; 
331. 
Garvin,  Dr.  Luclns  F.  C. 

Helps    form    Prov.    Free    Religious    Soc. ; 
+,  II:  5L 
Gibbons,  Abby  Hopper 

[Dau.   of   Isaac   T.   Hopper,    Pres.    Woman's 
Prison    Assn.],    accompanies    E.     B.    C.     to 
prisons   and   refuges    in   N.    Y.,    II:     106-7; 
210;    289;    323. 
Gibbons,  James  S. 

Author    of    "We're    Coming,    Father    Abra- 
ham," II:    210. 
Giddings,  Joshua  Reed 

Lectures   at   Valley   Falls,   Mr.    Chace  intro- 
duces himself  and  daughter,  1 :    117—18. 
Gladstone,  William  Bwart 

A  glimpse  of,  II :   12 ;    E.  B.  C.'s  admiration 
for,  18;    233. 
Goldsmith,  Oliver 

Quotation  from,  II:    208. 
Gooding,  Joseph 

In  opposition,  I:  49. 
Gorman,  Mrs.  Margaret  B. 

Commended  by  E.  B.  C.  for  protest  against 
taxation,  II:    292. 
Gould,  Daniel 

Settles  on  Aquidneck  Island,  goes  to  Boston, 
is  whipped  for  his  Quakerism,  marries  in  1661 
the  daughter  of  John  Coggeshall,  I:    1-2. 
Gould,  Hannah 

Saintliness,  1 :    2. 
Gould,  Jeremiah 

Founds  R.  I.  family  in  1637,  I:   1. 


[358] 


Gould,  John 

Character,  family,  I:    2. 
Gould,  Rebecca 

[1781-1872],  descent,  childhood,  marries 
Arnold  Buffum,  I:  3.  See  Buflfum,  Rebecca  G. 
Gould,  Sarah  Cogrgeshall 

[Wife  of  John],  grandmother  of   E.   B.   C, 
anecdote,  II:   250-1;    260. 
Gould,  Susanna 

1 :    148 ;     anecdote  of  Revolutionary   times, 
II:    250-1.     See  Lawton,  Susanna  Gould. 
Gould,  Walter 

I:  2. 
Grant,  Gen.  UlysBes  Simpson 

II:    8;    criticized,  24;    25;    29;    30. 
Greeley,  Horace 

1 :  217  ;  gives  W.  S.  space  in  Tribune,  303 ; 
censured  for  bailing  Jefferson  Davis,  304  ;  323 ; 
presidential  candidate,  comment  by  Smalley, 
II:  8;  E.  B.  C.'s  question,  other  comments, 
24 ;  E.  B.  C.  ceases  to  believe  in,  30 ;  death, 
33. 
Gregory,  

II :  289. 
Greene,  Abbie   S. 

I:    261-2. 
Greene,  Ann  Terry 

[1813-1886]    Marries  Wendell   Phillips,  1837, 
I:    55.     See  Phillips,  Ann  Terry. 
Greene,  Christopher  Albert 

[Nephew  of  Gen.  Nath'l],  gifted  young  sol- 
dier turned  Transcendentalist,  1 :    124 ;    mar- 
riage of  daughter,  349. 
Greene,  Eliza  Chace 

[Dau.  of  Christopher  Albert],  marries  Arnold 
B.  Chace,  I:    349.     See  Chace,  Eliza  Greene. 
Greene,  Sarah  A. 

[Dau.    of    Wm.    Chace,    Prov.    Abolitionist, 
widow   of  Christopher   A.],   school   in  Prov., 
Bisters,   personality,   1 :    124 ;     126 ;    marriage 
of  daughter,  349. 
Greene,  Col.  William  B. 

At  Appledore,  II :    59. 
Grew,  Mary 

[  Early  Abolitionist,  delegate  to  World's  A.  S. 
Conv.  in  London],  I:  36;  at  Sandwich,  N.  H., 
846. 
Grifflngr,  Josephine 

Indignant    at    pro-slavery    spirit    in    Freed- 
men's  Bureau,  labors  for  legislation  for  fam- 
ilies of  freedmen,  I:    285-6. 
Griffith,  Mattie 

Frees  her  slaves  in  Kentucky,  I:  213.  Later 
marries  Albert  G.  Brown. 


Grimk£,  Angelina  Emily 
I:    53;    59;    66;    87;    141;    H:    273. 
See  Weld,  Angelina  G. 

Grimk4,   Sarah   31. 

I:    53;    66;    87;    141;    II:    273. 
Gripenberg,  Baroness   Alexandra 

[Finnish  author,  sociological  student  and  re- 
former], visits  E.  B.  C,  forms  strong  friend- 
ship for  her,  attitude  toward  Lutheranism  and 
Russia,  II :  249-50  ;  aversion  to  Russia,  poli- 
tics, personal  details,  326-7,  328-9. 
Griswold,  Mrs.  

Gives  John  Williams  a  chance,  H:   102. 
Gurney,  Joseph  John 

[English  Quaker],  influences  American  Quak- 
erism, 1 :    104. 
Hacker,  William 

Philadelphia  Quaker,  I:   6. 
Hale,  Bev.  Edward  Everett 

His  church  in  Washington,  II :   133. 
Hall,  John 

Early  Abolitionist  and  religious  thinker  ;    -\-, 
II:    252. 
Hall,  Martha  L,oYell 

[Wife  of  John],  reminiscence  of  early  friend- 
ship with  E.  B.  C.  and  others,  II:    252. 
Hallowell,  Blchard  P. 

Charged  with  refusing  to  work  for  Jan.  Sub- 
scription Festival,  and  later  using  funds  thus 
raised,   I:    280-1;     lectures  in  Sabbatia  Cot- 
tage, II :    206  ;    228. 
Halverson,  Canute 

I:    39-40. 
Hamilton,  Bev.  John  W. 

[Afterwards     Bishop],    speaks    at    Sabbatia 
Cottage,  11:    204. 
Harmon,  Dorcas 

Friendship  with  E.   B.   C,  characterization, 
marriage,  1 :    72  ;    116. 
Harris,  Abbie 

[Wife  of  Edward],  A.   S.  worker,  circulates- 
petitions,  I:    225. 
Harris,  Amy  [Eddy] 

[Wife  of  Dr.  Edward],  II:   319. 
Harris,  Edward 

I:    187;     200;     visit    from    E.    B.    C.    and 
daughter    during    John    Brown    period,    206 ; 
II:    257. 
Harris,  Joseph 

[Son  of  Edward],  personal  appearance,  John 
Brown  anecdote,  I:    206. 
Harris,  Susan  B.  or  B. 

[Wife  of  Dunbar],  on  1st  Exec.  Com.  R.   L 
Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  I:    311;    11:    238. 


[359] 


Hart,  Catherine  W. 

[Wife  of  Charles],  Vice-Pres.  in  first  year  of 
R.  I.  Woman  SufTra^  Assn.,  I:  311;  II:  62. 
Hastings,  

Helps  E.  B.  C,  II:    17. 
Hatch,   Bafus 

His  party  on  the  Resolute,  II:  58-9. 
Hathaway,   Thomas  M. 

Impressed    by    A.    S.    speakers,    consults    E. 
B.    C,.   I:     189;     obstacles   in   way  of  A.    S. 
work  and  danger  of  "isms,"   dependence  on 
Phillips'  help,  194-5. 
Hayeti,  Liucy  Webb 

[Wife  of  Pres.    Hayes],   receives   Suffragists 
at  White  House,  her  charm,  II :    132 ;    140. 
Hayes,    Rutherford  Birchard 

[Nineteenth  Pres.  of  U.  S.],  distrust  of  his 
policy,   H:  92. 
Hayward,    WlUiam    S. 

His  boarding  sch.  in  Hopedale  open  to  white 
and  colored  children,  I:  133-4. 

Hazard,   Hon.   Rowland  Gibson 

[Author  of  Hazard  on  the  Will],  a  Vice-Pres. 
of  R.  I.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  I:  311; 
323;  on  W.  S.,  348-9;  anecdote,  II:  23;  en- 
couraged by  result  of  recent  political  cam- 
paign, 190. 
Hazard,    Mrs.   — — 

Declines  to  serve  on  Board  of  Lady  Visitors, 
I:  334. 
Hazard,  Thomas  R. 

His  protest  against  practise  of  pleading  not 
guilty  indorsed  by  E.  B.  C,  H:    129.  ' 
Healy,   Martin   F. 

Supt.  of  State  Home  and  Sch.,  II:   233;   243; 
his  conduct  under  investigation,  flaal  removal, 
244-8. 
Healy,  Mrs.  

[Wife  of  Martin] ,  II :   233  ;    248. 
Hedge,  Dr.  Frederick  H.,  D.D. 

At  Appledore,  II :  59 ;   precept  and  example, 
69. 
Heindman,  Mrs.  ^-^ 

II:  191. 
Hemenway,  Mrs.   Mary  A. 

II:   205. 
Heywood,  Ezra  H. 

Interest  in  A.  S.  petitions  and  education  of 
colored  children,  I:  188;  goes  to  R.  I.,  196-8; 
confers  with  E.  B.  C,  199 ;  desires  A.  S. 
meetings  in  Prov.,  230;  on  drafting  of 
Quakers,  253-4. 


HigTKinson,  Mary  Channinc 

(Wife  of  Thos.  W.],  I:  345;  349. 
Higrginson,  Mary  Thacber 

[Second  wife  of  Thos.  W.],  II:    114;    141. 
Higrginson,  Col.  Thomas  Wentworth 

Admires  Quaker  dress,  1 :  21 ;  127  ;  128 ;  de- 
ceived by  impostor,  166 ;  ardent  politician ; 
speaks  at  Prov. ;  +  ;  182 ;  193 ;  198 ;  his 
translation  of  Epictetus  read  aloud  by  E. 
B.  C,  202;  decides  to  enter  the  army,  217; 
interest  in  W.  S.,  304  ;  on  Exec.  Com.  B.  I. 
Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  311 ;  eflfort  to  form 
Am.  W.  S.  Assn.,  318 ;  supports  15th  Amend- 
ment;  -f,  323-4;  delegate  to  Cleveland,  345 ; 
349 ;  II :  4  ;  reception  by  Anglo-American 
Soc. ;  +>  9-10 ;  possible  nominee  for  U.  S. 
Senate,  53-4  ;  interest  in  boy  soldier,  60-2 ; 
anecdote,  90 ;  congratulations  to  the  Chace 
family;  +,114;  116;  recent  editorial,  130 ; 
141;  wTites  of  W.  S.,  169;  170;  171;  175; 
criticized  for  support  of  Cleveland,  186 ;  letter 
from,  331. 
Higgrinson,   

[Brother  of  Thos.  W.],  II:    4. 
Hill,  Mrs.  

Interest  in  fugitive  slave  Susan,  1 :    45. 
Hlncliley,  Rev.  Frederic  A. 

Settled  over  Prov.  Free  Religious  Soc.  ;  labor 
reformer;   -f,  II:  52;  125;  185;  191;  speaks 
at   Sabbatia   Cottage,  204  ;     with  his  wife  at 
Barnstable,  205;    tribute  to  E.  B.  C,  305-6. 
Hodges,  Rev.  Charles  E. 

Disunion  Abolitionist,  I:  181;  182;  183;  185. 
Holley,  Sallle 

A.  S.  speaker,  1 :  141 ;  175  ;  popular  speaker ; 
enthusiasm  over  Phillips  and  others,  176-8 ; 
successful  meetings  on  Cape  Cod,  plans  to 
hear  Sumner,  then  go  to  R.  I.,  184 ;  com- 
passion for  Miss  Putnam,  193 ;  wishes  to 
speak  in  R.  I.  but  not  in  Prov.,  198;  213; 
214 ;  rejoices  at  fair  treatment  of  Garrison 
by  the  Independent,  226 ;  appreciation  of 
Mr.  Chace,  227 ;  hears  Phillips'  Aug.  Ist 
speech,  241 ;  caretaker  at  Homestead,  288 ; 
shy  about  going  alone  to  hotels,  291. 
Hollingsworth,   Mrs.   

[Wife  of  Mark],  II:  257. 
Holmes,  Clara  Mulford 

1 :  289-90  ;  298  ;  305  ;  306  ;  visitor  at  the 
Homestead,  336 ;  344 ;  accompanies  E.  B.  O. 
to  Europe,  II :  3 ;  at  the  Ascot  races,  8 ; 
11 ;  22  ;  32  ;  in  Venice,  43 ;  Newport,  63  ; 
74 ;  visits  the  Wymans,  101 ;  103 ;  interest 
in  the  race  question,  276 ;    816. 


[360] 


Holmes,  Margaret  !•. 

[Wife  of  Wm.    H.],   visited   by   E.    B.    C, 
I:    346. 
Holmes,  Oliver  Wendell 

II :  38  ;    223. 
Holmes,  William  H. 

I:   308;     visited   by   E.   B.   C,  346;     favors 
Greeley,  II :  24  ;  assisted  runaway  slaves,  275  ; 
316. 
Hooper,  Dr.  

A.  S.  discussion,  1 :    49. 
Hopper,  Isaac  Tatem 

[Quaker    advocate    for    fugitive    slaves     in 
Phila.,    b.    1771,    d.   1852],    home   named    for, 
II:    106;    210. 
Hopper,    John 

[Son  of  Isaac  T.],  II:    328. 
Hoppin,   Liouise  C. 

Believes  God  will  free  slaves  in  His  own  good 
time,  I:    224-5. 
Houghton,   Iiord 

[Richard   Monckton    Milnes],    speaks   at    re- 
ception to  Col.  Higginson,  II:  10. 
Houghton,  

II:  289. 
Hovey,    Charles   Fox 

Hovey  Fund,  I:    246. 
Hovey,   Richard 

Reads  paper  at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  II:  204. 
Howard,  Gen.  Oliver  O. 

Chief    of    Bureau     of    Freedmen,     1 :     281 ; 
quoted,  286. 
Howe,  Julia  Ward 

[Wife  of  Samuel  Gridley],  effort  to  form 
Am.  Woman  Suffrage  Assn.,  I:  318;  at  re- 
ception to  Col.  Higginson,  II :  9 ;  speech  at 
Prison  Cong.,  13 ;  reminiscences  quoted ; 
+ ,  14 ;  15  ;  speaks  on  Peace,  16 ;  17  ; 
Peace  Cong,  in  London ;  -[-,  19 ;  21 ;  A. 
A.  W.,  56 ;  desires  E.  B.  C.'s  help,  62-3 ; 
criticizes  Love's  management  of  Peace  Conv., 
hopes  to  organize  an  International  Peace 
Assn.,  72-3 ;  literary  and  social  demands  on 
115;  116;  141;  175;  180;  urges  a  W.  S 
Conv.  in  Newport,  220;  friendship  and  ad' 
miration  for  E.  B.  C,  294—5 ;  subject  of  ad 
dress  in  Prov.  praised,  309  ;  letter  from,  332, 
Howe,   Maud 

[Dau.     of    Samuel     0.     and    Julia    Ward], 

II:    115.     See  Elliott,  Maud  Howe. 
Howe,  Dr.  Samuel  Gridley 

Critical  of  Lincoln's  attitude  towards  Eman- 
cipation, believes  defeat  would  be  morally 
better  for  the  North,  I:  227-8;  radical  dele- 
gate to  Jan.  25th  interview  with  Lincoln,  249. 


Howeils,  William  Dean 

Editor  of  the  Atlantic,  accepts  "The  Child 
of  the  State,"  II:   88;   275;    at  Mrs.  Moree's, 
289-90,  328. 
Howitt,  Mrs.  Mary 

Letter  of  introduction  to  Fredrika  Bremer, 
I:  114. 
Howitt,  William  and  Mary 

Entertain  E.  B.  C,  II:  38 ;  43. 
Howland,  Joseph  A. 

A.  S.  speaker  in  R.  I.,  I:    181,  199;    speak* 
at  A.  K.  Foster's  funeral,  II :    229. 
Hughes,  Rev.  John 

Disapproved  of  by  Marcus  Spring,  I:    253. 
Hughes,   Thomas 

Presides    at    reception    to    Col.    Higginson, 
II :     9-10 ;     courtesies   to   E.   B.    C.'s  party ; 
+  ,  11,  12. 
Humbert,   Prince 

[Son  of  Victor  Emmanuel],  II:    36. 
Hunter,  Gen.  David 

Issues   Emancipation   proclamation   which   is 
nullified  by  Lincoln,  I:  217;   247. 
Hutchinson,  Adoniram  Judson 

Anecdote  of,  I:  138. 
Hutchinson,  Anne 

I:  2L 
Hutchinson   Family 

I:  117,  138. 
Ingersoll,  C.  M. 

Sec'y    of   Chisolm    Monument    Assn.,    invites- 
E.    B.    C.   to   become   Vice-Pres.    from  R.   I., 
II:  100. 
Ingersoll,  3Irs.   Robert 

II:  140. 
Irving,  Sir  Henry 

II:  176. 
Isabel 

II:  54-5. 
Jacl(son,  Andrew 

1 :  7,  61. 
Jaol(son,  Francis 

Serious   illness,   I:    215;    "of  blessed  mem- 
ory,"   291 ;     would   understand   Phillips,   308 ; 
unsuccessful    in    attempt    to    will    money    tO' 
W.  R.  movement,  II:  169. 
Jarlison,  Phebe 

Accompanies  E.   B.  C.  on  tour  of  investiga- 
tion, 1 :    326  ;    333  ;    ostracized  by  Prov.  pro- 
slavery  society,  II:    273. 
Jaolison,  

Opens  his  house  to  colored  as  well  as  white 
people,  II:  273. 
Janes,  

His  shop,  1 :  180. 


[361] 


Janes,  Marcus  T. 

First    Treas.    R.    I.    Woman   Suffrage   Assn., 
1:   311. 
Janes,  Mrs.   Sophia  Ii. 

II :   238  ;    first  saw  Garrison,  272. 
Jefferson,  Joseph 

II:    200;     with   his   wife  at   Mrs.   Morse's, 
289-90. 
JeflTerson,  Thomas 

Signature  on  Arnold  Buffum's  patent  paper; 
+  .  I:  7. 
Jenny,  

II:  56. 
John  Nepomuk  Maria  Joseph,   King  of 
Saxony 

Procession  in  honor  of  his  Golden  Wedding, 
+,  II:   32-3. 
Johnson,  Andrew 

1 :    272  ;    273  ;    opposes  Negro  suffrage,  276  ; 
charged  with   "Tylering  up";     +,   281;    foe 
of  the  Negro,  286,  287;    Pillsbury's  comment 
on,  305. 
Jolinson,  Ezra  B. 

A.  S.  worker,  I:  64. 
Johnson,  Oliver 

A.    S.   worker,   advises   E.    B.   C,   I:    61-2; 
message   from   E.    B.    C,    287;     tribute   from 
Pillsbury,  II:  240. 
Johnson,  Dr.   Samuel 

Quoted  by  Phillips,  I:  85. 
Johnson,  Rev.  Samuel 

Vows  himself  a  Disunionist,  I:  193. 
Jones,  Augustine 

[Principal  of  Friends'  Sch.],  escorts  E.  B.  C. 
over  the  school,  II:  182. 
Jones,  £Ila 

Victim  of  cruel  treatment,  II:  163. 
Joy,  riUa 

I:  134. 
Joy,  Miss  — — 

Guest  of  Douglass,  II:  280. 
Juiien,  George  W. 

Will  sign  W.  R.  appeal,  I:  304. 
Keene,  Dr.  William  W. 

Reads  paper  at  Sabbatia  Cottage,  II:  204. 
Kelley,  Abby 

First  A.  S.  address,  1 :  61 ;  costume  criti- 
■cized,  113 ;  supported  her.self  during  A.  S. 
labors,  122 ;  made  only  one  lecturing  cam- 
paign without  a  traveling  companion,  141 ; 
^isowTied  by  Uxbridge  Quakers,  II:  264. 

See  Foster,  Abby  Kelley. 
Kendall,  Amos 

[Postmaster  General,  1835],  tries  to  prevent 
transmission  of  A.  S.  publications,  I:  60. 


Kenmare,    liord 

Irish  landlord,  II:  6. 
Kenyon,   Mrs.  Isaac 

Holds  Valley  Falls  mob  at  bay,  1 :  216. 
Kenyon,    Susan 

Signs  petition,  II:  182. 
Kenyons,  the 

A.  S.  family  of  Pawtucket,  I:  141. 
King,  Abby 

Sues  overseer,  1 :  41. 
Knight,  William 

[Prof,     of     Philosophy     at    St.     Andrews], 
II:    201-2. 
Knowles,  C.  C. 

.\.  S.  worker,  I:    234. 
Kossutlt,  Louis 

I:  154. 
La<ld,  Gov.  Herbert  W. 

Approves    bill    authorizing    the   appointment 
of    special    board    of    management    for    State 
Home  and  Sch.,  II:  248. 
Lafayette,  Marquis  de  (Marie  Jean  Panl 
Roch   Yves  Gllbert-Motier) 

I:    21;    305. 
Lapham,   Li. 

Takes  part  in  A.  S.  discussion,  I:  49. 
Lawton,   James 

Cousin  of  E.  B.  C,  I:    148;    discusses  polit- 
ical situation  in  the  West,  Morgan's  raid,  in- 
dorses  Lincoln,   254-5 ;     A.   S.    reminiscences, 
II:  109-10. 
Liawton,  Jesse 

I:  254. 
Lawton,    Susanna  Gould 

A  pioneer,  1 :   148. 
Leland.   Dr.   P.   W. 

I:    49. 
Lewis,  Dr.  Dio 

Interest  in  temperance  and  politics,  1 :  272-S  ; 
"  the     true     Quaker,"     277 ;      organizes     The 
Woman's  Crusade,  292. 
Lewis,  Edmonla 

II:  37-8. 
Lewis,   Enoch    [Mr.   and   Mrs.] 

II:  74. 
Lewis,  Mary 

II:    176.     See  Gannett,  Mary  Lewis. 
Lincoln,    Abraham 

Reference  to  slavery  in  inaugural  address, 
1 :  213-14  ;  attitude  towards  slavery,  216,  217  ; 
in  a  difficult  position,  221 ;  reasons  why  he 
was  criticized,  226-9  ;  247-50  ;  largest  slave- 
holder in  U.  S.,  234  ;  236 ;  Phillips'  opinion 
of,  239 ;  fli-st  Emancipation  Proclamation, 
244,    247,    248,    254 ;     interview    with    Boston 


[362] 


Radicals,  Jan.  25th,  1863,  impression  on  dele- 
gates, 248-9 ;  255 ;  anecdote ;  effect  of  Am- 
nesty Message,  256-7 ;  difference  in  Phillips* 
and  Garrison's  attitudes  towards,  260,  261, 
262,  263,  264 ;  characterization  by  Fox,  266-7  ; 
267  ;  268  ;  his  theory  of  Reconstruction,  com- 
pensated emancipation,  271-2 ;  Mr.  May's 
opinion  of  his  critics,  280 ;  II :  34 ;  92 ; 
criticized  by  Pillsbury,  277-8. 
Liippitt,  Gov.  Henry 

II :    65 ;     71 ;     72 ;     76 ;     interest   in    State 
Home  and  Sch.,  78-9. 
Xittle,   Mrs.    Sophia 

[Dau.  of  Asshur  Robbins],  anecdote,  I:  122; 
123;     173;    344;    345;    II:    217;    275. 
Littlefleld,  Gov.   Alfred   H. 

II:    166-8. 
Lilvermore,    Rev.   Daniel 

II:  221. 
Liivermore,   Mary    A. 

[Wife  of  Daniel],  I:    56;    II:    13;    does  not 
care  to  speak  in  R.  I.,  221;    253;    296-7. 
liloyd,  Henry   Demorest 

II:  203-4. 
Lioclcwood,   A.   D. 

II:  64. 
L<ong:,   Hon.  Jolin   D. 

11:  169. 
Xjongfellow,    Henry    W. 

I:   202. 
Liongrfellow,    Rev.    Samuel 

1 :  241 ;    284. 
Liord,   Dr.  John 

II:  108. 
l.orne,  Marquis  of 

II:   24. 
liorraine,   Claude 

II:  47. 
Lorins:,  Ellis  Gray 

[A.  S.  lawyer  in  Boston],  I:  92. 
Louise,  Princess 

[Dau.  of  Queen   Victoria,  wife  of  the  Mar- 
quis of  Lome],  II:  24. 
li'Ouverture,  Toussaint 

1 :  88  ;    II :  272. 
liOve,   Aifred    H. 
1 :  288  ;   II :  72-3. 
I-oveJoy,    Rev.    Elijah    Parish 

[B.   Albion,  Me.,  1802;     murdered  at  Alton, 
111.,  1837],  I:  54. 
Iiovell,    liucy    BufTum 

[Wife   of   Nehemiah],   I:   91;   205;    II:   28; 
252. 

Lovell,  Lucy  F. 
1 :  222  ;  258-9,  262-4,  264,  267-8. 


Loveii,   Martha  B. 

I:    67.     See  Hall,  Martha  B. 
Lovell,  Nehemiah 

II:  252. 
Lowell,  James  Russell 

1 :  55  ;  202  ;  apparent  lapse  from  A.  S.  move- 
ment, 222. 
Lucas,   Margraret  Bright 

[Widow  of  Samuel] ,  1 :  345  ;  346  ;   II :  13  ;  15  ; 
17  ;    19  ;    like  an  American,  21 ;    29  ;    189. 
Lupton,   Joseph 

II:    20;    49. 
Luther,   

Of  Chace,  Luther  &  Co.,  I:  24. 
Alagill,  Edward  H. 

1 :  129-30  ;  160 ;   178 ;   friendship  with  Chace 
family,  202  ;    289  ;    II :   200  ;   205  ;    his  thought 
of  life  and  death,  318-19 ;    331. 
Magill,   Helen 

[Dau.  of  Edward  H. ;   later  wife  of  Andrew 
D.   White],  II:   205. 
Magill,   Sarah 

[Wife  of  Edward  H.],  I:  160;  289;    II:  200. 
Malcolm,    Rev.    Charles   Howard 

I:  188;   311. 
Mann,  Dr.  Augustine  A. 

II:  293. 
Mann,   Sarali   Bucklin 

[Wife  of   Augustine  A.],   I:  205;  II:  306. 
Manning,   Cardinal   [Henry   Edward] 

II:  14. 
Margaret  

II:  120. 
Marguerite,    Princess 

[AVife  of  Prince  Humbert],  II:  36. 
Marston,   Russell    [Mr.   and   Mrs.] 

II :  194  ;   210  ;   281. 
Martineau,  Harriet 

1 :  55  ;  62. 
Mary,  Queen  of  Scots 

II:  20-1. 
Mathews,   Charles  M. 

I:  17. 
May,  Abby 

II:   159. 
May.  Elizabeth 

[Dan.  of  Samuel],  II:  309-10. 
Ma.v,   Rev.    Samuel,  Jr. 

-  [B.  1810,  marries  Sarah  Russell  1835,  Sec'y 
of  Mass.  A.  S.  Soc.  1847-65.  Gen'l  agent  for 
Mass.  A.  S.  Soc.  and  N.  E.  A.  S.  Com.,  and 
to  some  extent  for  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  ] ,  1 :  164  ; 
work  for  A.  S.  cause,  reliance  on  E.  B.  C.'s 
judgment ;  cautions  E.  B.  C.  against  col- 
ored impostors,  165-7  ;    171-3  ;    desires  to  re- 


[363] 


organize  the  R.  1.  A.  S.  Soc.,  consults  E. 
B.  C.  about  lectures  and  a  R.  I.  Conv.,  174-6; 
^ves  E.  B.  C.  pecuniary  and  other  details 
of  A.  S.  work,  177-79 ;  rejoices  in  reports 
from  R.  I.,  180-1 ;  discusses  A.  S.  speak- 
ers, 181-8;  calls  E.  B.  C.'s  attention  to 
Foster's  divergence  from  Garrisonianism ; 
+)  189 ;  condemns  the  constant  demand  for 
Phillips,  195 ;  efforts  to  hold  meetings,  dis- 
appointments in  regard  to  speakers,  192-200. 

Advises  cautious  but  constant  A.  S.  speech, 
230-1,  R.  I.  Conv.  should  be  postponed,  233 
Prov.  too  fastidious,  235 ;  comment  on  PillS' 
bury,  careful  plans  for  Anna  Dickinson,  236-7 
245 ;  arraig^ns  some  members  of  the  Exec 
Com.  of  the  Am.  A.  S.  Soc,  278-82 ;  recom 
mends  The  Nation  to  E.  B.  C,  282 ;  283  ;  347, 

Interest  in  E.  B.  C.'s  Washington  letters 
II:  137-8;  180;  192;  219;  220;  messages 
to  E.  B.  C,  222;  account  of  Abby  Kelley 
Foster's  illness  and  death,  227-9 ;  254  ;  pleas- 
ure in  E.  B.  C.'s  book,  273 ;  tributes  to  Wm. 
B.  Earle  and  A.  K.  Foster ;  not  able  to  write 
history  of  the  "One  Hundred  A.  S.  Conven- 
tions," 274—5 ;  message  from  E.  B.  C.  ;  remi- 
niscences, 296;  300;  failing  health,  309-10; 
331. 
May,  Rev.  Samnel  Joseph 

A.  S.  work  in  Fall  River,  1 :  48-9 ;  talk  with 
Mrs.  Child,  57-8;  82;  105;  347;  II:  275. 
May,  Sarah  Russell 

[Wife  of  Samuel],  11:  275;    love  of  flowers, 
300 ;    illness  and  death,  310. 
McCarthy,  Justin 

II:  18. 
McCarthy,  Mrs.    Justin 

II:    16;    18. 
McConnell,  

II:  7. 
McDowell,  Gen.  Irwin 

1 :  217. 
McKinley,  William 

II:  323,  324. 
MrXaren,  Mrs.  Duncan 

II:  15-16. 
Macnamara,  Henry  X. 

1 :  341. 
Metcalf.   Mrs.  I.  Harris 

II:  257. 
Metcalf,  Jesse 

I:  330. 
Miller,  Hugh 

I:    203. 
Milton,   John 

II:    42. 


Mitchell,  Daniel 

1 :    153  ;    death,  tribute  from  Garrison,  166 ; 
176. 
Mitchell,  Dr.  S.  Weir 

II :  91. 
Montgromery,  James 

I:  16. 
Moody,  Captain 

II:  2. 
Moody,  Dwight  layman 

II:  81-3. 
Moore,  Mrs.  Nina 

I:    311;    II:    141. 
More,  Hannah 

I:  16. 
Morgran,  Dr. 

[Principal  of  State  Normal  Sch.],  II:  235-6. 
Morgan,  Gen.  John  Hunt 

I :  254. 
3Iorier,  

A  slave  in  James  Coggeshall's  family,  II :  260. 
Morse,  James  Herbert 

II :  200  ;  210  ;  284  ;  303. 
Morse,  Lucy  Gibbons 

[Wife  of  James  Herbert],  II:  200;  210 ;  284 ; 
289 ;  affection  for  E.  B.  C. ;  anecdote  of 
Miss  Anthony  ;  preparation  for  a  Midsummer 
Jubilee,  303-4  ;  323  ;  328  ;  testimonial  from 
colored  women,  329-30;  331. 
Morse,  Sidney  H. 

II:  24. 
Morton,  Jennie  Johnson 

[Wife  of  Lloyd],  II:  257. 
3Iorton,  Johnson 

II:  257. 
Morton,  Dr.  L.Ioyd 

Anecdote,  II :  257  ;    293. 
Mosher,  3Ir8.  Matilda  Anthony 

II :  319. 
Mott,  James 

I:  303. 
Mott,  liucretia 

[Wife  of  James],  I:  62;    303;    310;    appen- 
dix,    Vol.     I ;      presides     at     Peace     Conv., 
II :    72-3 ;     memorial   meeting    for,    139-40 ; 
319. 
Mowry,  Elica  A. 

II:  272-3. 
Mumford,   Rev.  Thomas  J. 

I:  284-5. 
Napoleon 

II:   27;  33. 
Navy,  George 

II:  246. 


[364] 


Nevin,  Jennie  D. 

II:  165. 
Newby,  Dangerfleld 

One  of  John  Brown's  men,  1 :  210. 
Newhall,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  R. 

I:  345. 
Newman,   Francis   W. 

[Professor    in    University     Coll.,     London], 
I:  260-1. 
Nicliol,  Mrs.  Elizabetli  Pease 

[English    Abolitionist,     name    incorrect    in 
text] ,    II :      21,     23 ;      memories    of    Arnold 
Buffum,  276. 
Nicholas  II,  Czar  of  Russia 

[Son  of  Alexander  III],  a  Finnish  view  of 
his  peace  manifestation,  II :    32",  328-9. 
Nicolay  and  Hay 

Authorities  for  statement  of  Lincoln's  plan 
for  compensated  emancipation,  1 :  272  ;  II :  277. 
Niles,  Professor 

II:  207. 
Nilsson,   Christine 

II:  2. 
Noble,  Mrs.  Edjpund 

II :  202. 
Nowell,  Anna  Cornelia 

II:  141. 
O'Connell,  Daniel 

1 :  307. 
Opie,    Amelia   Alderson 

I:  21;  28. 
Osborne,  Charles 

I:  86. 
Osborne,  John 

Warns    E.    B.    C.    against    abolition    excite- 
ment, I:  170-1. 
Osborne,  Margaret 

Marries  Joseph  Buffum,  comes  to  Smithfield, 
I:   3;    4.     See  Buffum,  Margaret  Osborne. 
Ossian, 

I:  202. 
Ossoli,  Margaret  Fuller 

News    of    her    marriage    and     motherhood, 
I:  115. 
Ossoli,  Marquis 

I:  115. 
Padelford,  Gov.  Seth 

His  appointments  on  the  Board  of  I^dy  Visi- 
tors,  I:    333,  334,   335,   reappoints   E.   B.   C, 
refuses  to  accept  her  resignation,  II :  10-11. 
Paine,  Amarancy 

1 :  165  ;  II :  238. 
Paine,  Thomas 

1:7;  anticipated  Garrison's  call  for  imme- 
diate emancipation,  II:  258. 


Palmer,  Mrs.  Fannie  Purdie 

Thinks  races  should  not  mingle,  II :  79-80 : 
admires  E.  B.  C.'s  paper  on  Quakerism,  126. 
Parepa-Rosa,     Madame     [Euphrosyne 
Parepa] 

II:  4. 
Parlie,  .4iice 

Principal  in  a  normal  school  in  Washington, 
has  no  color  prejudice,  II :  136-7,  138. 
Parker,  Theodore 

Anecdote  of,  1 :  104  ;  105 ;  indicted  for  at- 
tempt to  rescue  Anthony  Bums,  171 ;  237  ;  in- 
terest in  Progressive  Friends  Soc,  302;  II:  42. 
Patton,   John   Mercer 

Author  of  Patton's  resolution,  1 :  49. 
Payne,    Hon.   Abrahant 

II:  191. 
Peabody,  Klizabetb  Palmer 

1 :  124. 
Pears,   Edwin 

II :  2. 
Pease,  Elizabeth 

Friend  of  Phillips  and  Garrison,  II:  21. 

See  Nichol,  Elizabeth  P. 
Peck,  Elisha 

Never  had  a  fair  chance,  II :  102. 
Pedro  

Fugitive  slave,  II :  161.  ^,.,,^ 

Peet,  Jeanie  Spring 

Describes  her  father,  Marcus  Spring,  II:  56. 
Perry,  Charles 

I:    198. 
Phillips,  Ann   Terry    [Greene] 

["Wife  of  Wendell],  1 :  66  ;  102  ;  146  ;  207-8; 
II:  21. 
Phillips,  Wendell 

[B.  Boston,  Nov.  29,  1811,  marries  Ann  Terry 
Greene  Oct.  12th,  1837 ;  d.  Boston  Feb.  2, 
1884],  leadership,  I:  44;  attitude  towards  the 
"non-voting  ethic,"  55;  influenced  by  Mrs. 
Chapman,  55-6  ;  supposed  to  be  wealthy,  63  ; 
rejects  non-resistance  principles,  65  ;  devotion 
to  his  wife,  66 :  believes  voting  equivalent  to 
taking  the  oath  of  allegiance,  81. 

Admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar  in  1834,  signs 
necessary  oath  reluctantly,  gives  up  practice 
in  1841,  82;  declares  in  1844  his  full  ad- 
herence to  the  non-voting  principle,  83,  ad- 
mits it  means  revolution,  quotations  from 
"The  Philosophy  of  the  Abolition  Move- 
ment" and  "Simms  Anniversary,"  84-5;  his 
wife's  health  prevents  lecture  engagements ; 
anecdote,  101-2 ;    comment  on  Douglass,   144. 

Visits  the  Chaces  at  Fall  River,  begins  or- 
ganizing   A.     S.    societies ;      anecdotes,    146 ; 


[365  ] 


K.  B.  C.'s  feeling  towards,  146-7 ;  personal 
appearance,  147-8 ;  hopes  for  triumph  of 
Woman's  Rights,  158 ;  indicted  on  charge  of 
treasonable  conduct,  171 ;  his  presence  de- 
sired for  Prov.  A.  S.  Conv.,  175;  his  "angelic 
eloquence,"  176 ;  ill  health,  177-8 ;  declines 
all  but  necessary  speaking,  181 ;    182. 

Home  cares,  183 ;  promises  to  speak  in  Prov., 
184-5 ;  cannot  attend  Conv.  of  March,  1857, 
188;  "outdid  himself,"  189;  a  "sine  qua 
non"  at  A.  S.  Conventions,  192,  195;  196; 
198 ;  199  ;  will  not  speak  in  public  on  day 
of  John   Brown's  execution,  200. 

Guest  at  the  Homestead  in  1860  ;  anecdotes  ; 
his  knowledge  of  John  Brown's  movements, 
207 -S  ;  unable  to  fill  Boston  engagement ;  at 
the  Garrisons',  214—15;  calls  the  Union  "a 
huddle  of  states,"  216  ;  analysis  of  Lincoln's 
motives  (1862),  217;  the  oath  to  a  pro- 
slavery  Constitution  still  a  bar  to  service  for 
the  Union,  217-18 ;  beginning  of  differences 
with   Garrison,    219. 

lecturing  tour  in  the  West,  experiences, 
230—1 ;  magnificent  speech  in  Boston  ;  over- 
worked, 233,  235-6 ;  leader  of  new  party  in 
divergence  from  Garrison,  carries  majority 
with  him,  238 ;  urges  confiscation  of  rebels' 
lands,  238-9;  opinions  of  Lincoln,  239;  241; 
245 ;  246 ;  delegate  to  conference  with 
I-incoln,   24S-9. 

Comes  to  Homestead,  anecdote  in  relation  to 
Lincoln,  256 ;  doubts  Lincoln's  fitness  for  re- 
election, considers  Amnesty  Message  unsound, 
256-7  ;  Emancipation  Proclamation  could  be 
set  aside ;  offers  resolution  at  Jan.  meeting 
of  Mass.  A.  S.  Soc.  (1864),  significant  amend- 
ment by  Garrison,  heated  debate,  257-8. 

Opposed  to  Lincoln's  re-election,  claims  to 
know  his  own  country  better  than  Thompson 
can  ;  calls  for  an  amendment  to  the  Consti- 
tution prohibiting  slavery  ;  position  on  recon- 
struction, alienation  from  Garrison,  260—1 ; 
anecdotes  of  the  Phillips-Thompson  debate, 
261-2 ;  distrust  of  Lincoln ;  praise  from 
Anna  Dickinson,  263  ;  supports  Fremont,  264  ; 
consistent  in  his  opposition  to  Lincoln,  267—8. 

His  course  in  the  Reconstruction  Period ; 
continued  divergence  from  Garrison,  268—9 ; 
debates  and  opposing  resolutions  at  A.  S. 
meetings,  Jan.,  1865,  269—71;  in  harmony 
with  Sumner,  does  not  follow  Garrison,  271-2  ; 
belief   in    Andrew   Johnson,   273. 

Klected  Pres.  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  May,  1865,  273 ; 
criticized  by  Mr.  May  in  reference  to  Sub- 
scription Festival,  Jan.,  1865,  280-1;  on  Exec. 


Com.  Am.  A.  S.  Soc.  in  1864  and  1865.  282-3 ; 
sympathy  for  E.  B.  C.  and  family  in  bereave- 
ment, 298-300 ;  304 ;  too  busy  with  Recon- 
struction issues  to  take  part  in  Free  Reli- 
gious movement ;     +  ;    307. 

Saddened  by  alienation  from  old  friends, 
308  ;  charged  with  injustice  to  W.  S.  cause, 
316 ;  the  Standard  his  personal  organ,  317 ; 
opposes  introduction  of  divorce  question  into 
Woman's  Rights  meetings,  319 ;  E.  B.  C.'s 
loyalty  to,  320  ;  tribute  to  Mr.  Chace,  339-40  ; 
message  of  sympathy  to  E.  B.  C.  after  Ned's 
death,  343-4  ;    344. 

Enthusiasm  over  European  travel,  II:  1; 
supports  Grant,  8 ;  10 ;  at  Mrs.  Chapman's 
in  1851,  20  ;  21 ;  E.  B.  C.'s  faith  in  his  states- 
manship, 25  ;  57  ;  60  ;  appreciation  of  Horace 
R.  Cheney,  75 ;  pronounces  eulogy  at  Gar- 
rison's funeral,  impression  on  his  hearers, 
112-13 ;  124 ;  141 ;  draws  up  Mrs.  Eddy's 
will,  169  ;  170  ;  death,  funeral,  and  memorial 
meeting  Feb.,  1884,  179-80;  his  grave;  long 
friendship  with  E.  B.  C,  184;  185;  240; 
quoted,  254 ;  reminiscence  of  Phila.  mob 
which  threatened  his  life,  272 ;  278  ;  304. 
Pierce,  Edward  Li. 

[Biographer  of  Sumner],  quoted,  I:  227,  234, 
on  Lincoln's  Reconstruction  purposes,  271-2. 
Pillsbury,  Parker 

Eloquent  A.  S.  speaker,  anec<lotes,  1 :  144-5 ; 
ready  to  lecture  at  small  recompense ;  ill 
health,  appeals  to  E.  B.  C.  for  aid,  grateful 
acknowledgment,  153—5  ;  164  ;  physical  weak- 
ness, 180-1 ;  186  ;  187  ;  189  ;  speaks  "  like 
one  inspired";  -f,  192;  199;  his  feeling 
about  the  Garrison  family,  226 ;  differences 
with  A.  S.  leaders,  229 ;  233 ;  criticized  by 
Mr.  May  ;  faithful  worker,  controversy  with 
Garrison,  236-7  ;  follows  Phillips,  238 ;  dis- 
heartened by  antagonism  of  the  Garrison  fac- 
tion ;  wishes  E.  B.  C.  to  understand  his 
position,  246-7 ;  difference  with  co-workers 
not  personal,  ill  health,  251-2 ;  charged  with 
bad  faith  by  Mr.  May,  280-1 ;  editor  of  the 
Standard,  appeals  to  E.  B.  C.  for  co-operation, 
286 ;  resigns  editorial  post,  reconsiders,  287  ; 
continued  work  in  the  late  60's  for  the  col- 
ored people  and  W.  S.,  takes  counsel  with 
E.  B.  C,  304-5 ;  scoffs  at  honors  paid  to 
Andrew  Johnson,  305. 

Republishes  Foster's  book,  "  The  American 
Church  a  Brotherhood  of  Thieves,"  II :  191-2  ; 
birthday  messages  to  E.  B.  C,  224,  254,  298 ; 
assists  in  preparing  biographical  sketch  of 
Foster,  228  ;    tribute  to  Oliver  Johnson,  240 ; 


[366] 


praises  E.  B.  C.'s  book,  recalls  old  criticisms 
of  Lincoln,   277-8  ;     on  Cape  Cod ;     sends  E. 
B.  C.  copy  of  one  of  his  lectures,  281 ;    296 ; 
313;    319;    325. 
Plllsbury,  Sarah 

[Wife  of  Parker],  I:  154. 
Pitman,  Harriet  Minot 

[Wife    of    Isaac;      friend    of    Garrison    and 
Whittier],     friendship     with     Chace     family, 
I:  346. 
Pitman,  Mrs.   Henry 

I:  333. 
Plumly,  Benjamin  Rush 

I:  139. 
Pollock,  

[Son  of  Sir  Francis],  II:    10. 
Pope,   Alexander 

I:  16. 
Porter,   Delia   W. 

[Wife  of  Emory],   experience  at  the   Down- 
ing's  Golden  Wedding,  II :    255-6. 
Porter,    Rev.    Emory 

II:   256. 
I'orter.  Maria  G. 

11:  319. 
Post,  Isaac  and  Amy 

Quaker    Abolitionists.      Take    E.    B.    C.    and 
party  to  call  on  Douglass,  1 :  264-5. 
Potter,  Rev.  William  J.       * 

II :    215  ;    256. 
Powell,   Aaron  M. 

Leaves  N.  Y.  because  of  the  draft  riots, 
1 :  253  ;  criticized  by  Lucy  Stone,  316.;  editor 
of  the  Standard,  317  ;  objects  to  meeting  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  II :  15 ;  18 ;  editor  of  the 
Philanthropixt ,  327. 
Powell,    Anna    Rice 

[Wife  of  .\aron  M.],  interest  in  the  Philan- 
thropist, II:  327-8. 
Pratt,  E.   W. 

Delegate  to  A.  S.  Conv.   (1835),  I:  48. 
Pratt.  Mary 

II :    193.     See  Garrison,  Mary  P. 
Prentice,  George  D. 

Graduate    of    Brown    Univ.,    teaches    school, 
provides  reading  for  his  pupils  ;     his  love  af- 
fair,   1 :    16-17  ;     renewed    ncqviaintance    with 
E.  B.  C,  her  desire  to  help  him,  161-2. 
Purvis,    Robert 

II:  254. 
Purvis,   Tasie 

[Second   wife   of   Robert],   II:   2.')4. 
Putnam,    Caroline   F. 

Miss  HoUey's  companion,  1 :  141, 176  ;  shrinks 
from  publicity  of  A.  S.  work  but  does  not 
falter.  193;    198;    214. 


Putnam,  Mrs.    Caroline   R. 

Kntertains  E.  B.  C.  in  Florence,  II:  42. 
(lUincy,  Edmund 

A  Non-Resistant,  I:    65;    on  Exec.  Com.  of 
Am.   A.  S.  Soc.   (1864),  282. 
(«uiney,  Josiah 

II:   230. 
liaddles,   Rosanna 

\  ictim    of    ignorance    and    brutal    instincts, 
II:  140. 
Kathbone,  Mary 

Letter  to  the  Fall  River  Soc,  1:    59-60. 
Read,  Clement  O. 

At   Eagleswood,  1 :    155. 
Read,  L.ydia  BufTum 

[Wife  of  Clement  O.],   I:    149;    150;    155; 
II :   28  ;    213  ;   216. 
Read,  Mary 

I:  344. 
Keud,  Sarah  B. 
I:  .307. 

Rein,  

I  An  artist  exhibiting   in   Prov.],  II:   52. 
Remond,  Charles  Lenox 

Description  ;  anecdotes,  1 :  139-40  ;  recruits 
colored  soldiers,  143  ;  A.  S.  lecturer,  172,  185, 
to  debate  with  Douglass,  189 ;  195,  196 ; 
probably  mentioned,  283 ;  II :  263 ;  excites 
Prov.  society,  273. 
Remond,  Sarah 

(Sister  of  Charles  L. ],  pleasing  A.  S.  speaker, 
1 :  189,  196  ;   position  in   Florence,   II :  42. 
Ricliardson,  Erastus 

Anecdotes  of  his  childhood,  I:  71-2;  writes 
E.  B.  C.  of  Sam's  kindness,  300-1  ;  a  remi- 
niscence of  his  childhood,  affection  for  John 
(;ould  Chace  and   E.   H.   C,  II:    252-3. 

Ricliardson,   Rev. 

I  :     199  :     202. 
Richmond.    William   E. 
His  hall  used  for  A.  S.  meetings,  I:  187. 
Ripley,    Dr.   George 

[Of  Hrook  Farml,  I:    93. 
Ristori,   .Adelaide 
K.    H.   C.   sees  her  act,   I:    289. 

Robl>ins,  Miss  

1 :  93. 
Rol>inson,  William 
(Quaker  niaityr.  1 :  1. 
Robinson,    Ezeltlel    Gilman 

[Pres.  of  Hrowii   I  ni\.  1,   II:   229. 
Rocliman,  Ra.v 
II:  200. 

Rocliwood,    >lrs.   

Spiritualistic  medium,  I:  297-S. 


[367] 


Kudman,  Samuel 

Anecdote  of  color  line.  1 :  262-3. 
KoKers,  Judge  Horatio 

II :  311. 
Kufrerci,  Nathaniel   P. 

Kditor   of   Herald   of   Freedom,   I:   86;    127; 
his  (iitficiilty  witli  Garrison,  136. 
Rosa,   Cari 

(Husband  of  Parepa-Rosa],  II:  4. 
Rusetta,  Mrs.  

I  Dan.   of   Douglass],   II:   134. 
RoHmini-Serbati,  Antonio 

[Italian   philosopher,  1797-1855],   II:   201. 
Rosweii,  

Fictitious    name   for   boy   soldier   helped    by 
E.  B.  C.  and  Col.  Higginson,  II:  60-2. 
Rosweli,    Mrs.   

II:  60-2. 
Russell,  Sol  sAtitli  [Mr.  and  Mrs.] 

II :  289-90. 
Rut  ledge,   Ann 

(Said    to    have    been    engaged    to    Lincoln], 
I:   256. 
Sanborn,    Franklin    B. 

Co-editor    of    The    Commonivealth,    I:     241; 
appendix    Vol.  I. 
Sand,   Oeorgre 

I:  128. 
Sappho  

II:  207. 
Sargent,   Christine 

II :  42. 
Sargent,  Rev.  John  T. 

[.\.    S.    writer   and    speaker],    I:     182;     on 
Exec.    Com.    Am.    A.    S.    Soc,    283;     Radical 
Clid),   306. 
Sargent,  .Mary  E. 

(Wife    of    John    T.],    real    head    of    Radical 
Club,   I:    306;    11:    57  ;    141. 
Savin,  Mrs.   

I:  287. 
Sawyer,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 

II:    297. 
Sawyer,    Philip 

II:  297-8. 
Sa.vres,  Edward 

Mate  of  the  PiurL  1 :  145. 
Schenek,   

A   (Jernian  artist,  II:  27. 
Sclioiield,  (ieorge 

A  homeless  boy.  II:  109. 
Seliurz,   Carl 

Criticizes   Lincoln's  biographers,   II:  277. 
Seott,   I>red 

II:  277. 


Scott,  Sir  Walter 

I:   16,   131,  202. 
Sears,  Amanda 

[Wife  of  John  L.],  friend  of  Douglass'  child- 
hood, II:    135. 
.Sedgwick,  Charles  B. 

Believes    Lincoln    will   be   re-elected  bj'   un- 
willing voters,  I:  267. 
Sennott,  George 

Counsel    for    some    of    John    Brown's    men, 
1 :  208-9. 
Severance,  Mrs.   Caroline  M. 

[A  founder  of  Women's  Clubs],  as  A.  S. 
speaker,  I:  186,  187,  311;  eflFort  to  form 
W.  S.  Assn.,  318;  interest  in  Cleveland  W.  S. 
Con  v.,  323  ;  interest  in  Peace  movement,  345. 
Sewall,  Samuel   £. 

II:  180,  220. 
Seward,  William  Henry 

ISec'y  of  .State  in  1863],  distrusted  by  Abo- 
litionists, 1 :    247  ;    268. 
.Shane,  

An  English  Republican,  II:  15,  16,  19. 
Sliaw,    Rev.    Anna 

II :  294  ;  318  ;  319. 
Siiaw,  Robert  Gould 

Colonel  of  colored  regiment,  1 :  146. 
Shetfield,    Hon.    William    P. 

Will  draw   up   a   bill   permitting   women   to 
assume  certain  duties,  I:    331;    II:    57. 
Slieldon,  Anne   [Vernon] 

Marries  Wm.  BufTum,  Jr.,  II:  321. 
.Sherman,  Mary  A. 

(Wife  of  William],  quoted,  I:  111. 
Slierman,   William 

Faces  Valley  Falls  mob,  I:  216. 
Shiple.v,  Thomas 

II:  258. 
Sliove,   Azariah 

Delegate  to  A.  S.  Conv.  (1835),  I:  48. 
Shove,   Hannah 

Cousin  of   E.    B.   C,  anecdote  of  A.   S.  sym- 
pathies, I:  65;  II:  238. 
Shove,    Samuel 

Marries  a  daughter  of  William  Buffum,  I:  6. 
Simmons,   Franklin 

A  R.  I.  sculptor,  II:    42. 
Sisson,  Dr.  B.  B. 

1 :  49  ;  54. 
Sisson,  Susan 

Anecdotes,  1 :    127. 
Sisson  .Sisters 

II:  238. 
Smalley,  George  W. 

Prefers  Greeley  to  Grant,  II:  8;  10. 


[368] 


Smalley,  Phoebe  Garnaut 

[Wife  of  Geo.  W.,  adopted  dau.  of  Wendell 
Phillips],  II:  201. 
Smiley,  Albert  K. 

[Principal  of   Friends'   Sch.   in   Prov.],   un- 
certain about  admission  of  colored  children  to 
school,  1 :  276-7,  278. 
Smith,  Amanda 

II:  241. 
Smith,  Ann 

[Wife  of  Gerrit],  I:    209. 
Smith,  Gerrit 

Helps  to  call  a  Christian  Conv.,  I:    152. 
Smith,  Gideon 

Pawtucket  Quaker,  I:  69. 
Smith,  James  McCune 

A  colored  physician  in  N.  Y.,  1 :  88. 
Smith,   Joshua  B. 

A  colored  man  of  Boston  who  wished  to 
place  his  daughter  in  a  Prov.  school,  I:  276-8. 
Smith,  Julia 

A  Conn.  W.  S.  worker,  II :  219. 
Smith,  

R.  I.  A.  S.  lecturer,  I:  173. 
Snow,   Edwin    M. 

[Sec'y   R.    I.   Board   of  State   Charities   and 
Corrections] ,   interest   in  a   State   Farm  girl, 
I:    332;    335;    indignant  at  action  of   Gen'l 
Assembly,   II:    129. 
Southwicic,  Sarah 

II:  219-20. 
Spencer,   Rev.  Anna  Garlin 

[Wife  of  William  H.],  account  of  the  Flor- 
ence  kindergarten    and   a    Christmas    celebra- 
tion,   II:   177;     presides   at   W.    S.    meeting, 
306. 
Spencer  ^^—  —— 

Blacksmith     in     Clean     Spring,     entertains 
Arnold  Buffum,  I:  89. 
Spooner,   Bourne 

On  Exec.  Com.  Am.  A.  S.  Soc,  1865,  I:  28S. 
Spott,  Ferdinand 

Remarkable  courier,  II :  34. 
Spring,  Edward  Adoiplius 

1 :  289  ;  H  :  56. 
Sprinif,   Jeanie 

I:    289.     See  Peet,  Jeanie  Spring. 
Spring,    Marcus 

Cares  for  fugitive  slaves,  1 :  50  ;  interest  in 
Brook  Farm,  92-3 ;  100 ;  lends  pictures  to 
E.  B.  C,  129 ;  owner  of  Eagleswood,  visit 
from  E.  B.  C.  and  sons,  155 ;  talks  with 
laboring  men,  253 ;  289 ;  appendix,  Vol.  I ; 
friend  of  the  McCarthys,  II :  18 ;  27 ;  38 ; 
death  in  1874  ;    characterization,  56. 


Spring,  Marcus  Herbert 
II :  27. 
Spring,    Rebecca   Buffum 

[Wife  of  Marcus],  discreet  confidante,  1 :  23  ; 
91 ;     100 ;     110 ;    tries    to    influence    Fredrika 
Bremer;      +,    114;     pleased    with    Margaret 
Fuller's  marriage,  115  ;    129  ;    149  ;    interest  in 
Fredrika  Bremer,  150-1 ;    at  Eagleswood,  155 
visits     John     Brown     in     prison,     206 ;      de 
scribed  to  Frederick  Brown  by  E.  B.  C,  207 
raises  money  for  some  of  John  Brown's  men 
asks  help   for  Jason  Brown,   208—10 ;    appen- 
dix. Vol.  I ;    II :  18 ;  27  ;  28  ;  38  ;  death  of  her 
husband,  56. 
Spurgeon,  Rev.  Charles  Haddon 

II :  48. 
Stanley,   Edward 

Antagonizes    North   Carolinian   Abolitionists, 
1 :  248. 
Stanley,  Henry  Morton 

[Original  name  John  Rowlands],  II:  24. 
Stanton,  Elizabeth  Cady 

[Wife  of  Henry  B.],  I:  59;  119;  287; 
prominent  in  Nat'l  W.  S.  Ass'n,  310 ;  urges 
E.  B.  C.  to  attend  its  Conv.  in  N.  Y.,  315  ; 
opposed  to  15th  Amendment,  316,  318-19 ; 
edits  The  Revolution,  317 ;  introduces  the 
divorce  question  into  a  W.  S.  Conv.  (1860), 
318—19 ;  accused  of  upholding  the  doctrine 
of  free  love,  her  unwise  utterances  feared  by 
W.  S.  advocates,  322-3 ;  her  plan  for  a 
History  of  Woman  Suffrage,  II :  115-16 ;  190  ; 
exchanges  birthday  congratulations  with  E. 
B.  C.  ;  W.  S.  activity,  234-5  ;  253  ;  318  ;  319  ; 
asks  E.  B.  C.'s  opinion  of  her  speeches,  330. 
Stanton,   Henry  B. 

A.  S.  speaker,  1 :    59. 
Stead,  William  T. 

Efforts   to  expose  white  slavery   in   London, 
II:   215. 
Stearns,   Frank  Preston 

[Son  of  Geo.  L.],  with  Whittier,  II:    60. 
Stearns,  Maj.  George  L.. 

Radical  delegate  to  interview  with   Lincoln, 
1 :    249  ;    belief  in  Andrew  Johnson,   273  ;     ac- 
cused of  bad  faith,  2S0-1  ;  on  Exec.  Com.  Am. 
A.  S.  Soc.  (1865),  283. 
Stepliens,   Aaron   D. 

One  of  John  Brown's  men,  I:    208,  209,  210. 
Steplienson,  J.   H. 

Radical  delegate  to  interview  with  Lincoln, 
1 :  249. 
Stevenson,  Coi.  T.  G. 

Condemned  by  Pillsbury,  I:    247. 


[369] 


Stewart,  Alvan 

Gives   A.  S.   interpretation  to  U.  S.   Consti- 
tution, 1 :  82. 
Stockton,   Frank  R.   [Mr.  and   Mrb.] 

II:  290;  328. 
Stockwell,  T.  B. 

[Commissioner  of  Public  Schools),  interview 
with  E.  B.  C,  II:    181-2;    recommends  .Miss 
Carr,    243. 
Stone,  Lucy 

[B.  West  Brookfield,  Mass.,  1818,  marries 
Henry  B.  Blackwell,  1855,  d.  1893],  wears 
bloomer  costume,  I:  114;  141;  asks  E.  B.  C.'s 
aid  in  getting  up  a  W.  R.  Conv.,  160 ;  keeps  on 
the  wing,  187 ;  consults  E.  B.  C.  about  starting 
W.  R.  Journal,  288-9 ;  urges  her  to  send 
W.  S.  petition  to  legislature,  290—1 ;  asks 
permission  to  use  E.  B.  C.'s  contribution  as 
seems  wisest,  receives  W.  S.  appeal  from  Kan- 
sas, 291-2 ;  interest  in  E.  B.  C.'s  children, 
reports  W.  S.  activity,  303-4 ;  311 ;  urges 
E.  B.  C.  to  answer  an  editorial,  312 ;  la- 
ments misrepresentation  of  the  Woman's 
movement  in  relation  to  the  15th  Amendment, 
316-17. 

Attempt  to  form  The  Am.  W.  S.  Assn., 
318 ;  322 ;  urges  the  appointment  of  dele- 
gates from  Prov.  for  Cleveland  Conv.,  323, 
324  ;  her  article  on  Armed  Neutrality,  II :  131 ; 
residuary  legatee  in  Mrs.  Eddy's  will,  169 ; 
disagrees  with  Col.  Higginson ;  appeals  for 
aid  for  Mrs.  Campbell,  169-70 ;  sympathy 
for  E.  B.  C,  170-1  ;  asks  E.  B.  C.  for  a 
paper,  173-4 ;  account  of  Phillips'  Memorial 
service,    180. 

Domestic  and  political  solicitude,  188-9 ; 
191  ;  illness ;  plans  for  a  reunion  of  A.  S. 
friends,  218—19 ;  the  reunion ;  use  of  her 
own  name,  220 ;  in  relation  to  Abby  Kelley 
Foster ;  W.  S.  activity,  228-30 ;  a  reminis- 
cence, 256 ;  belief  about  immortality,  291, 
293 ;  messages  to  her  through  E.  B.  C. 
from  her  daughter  and  husband,  275 ;  296 ; 
309 ;  320. 
Story,  William    Wetmore 

II:  39. 
Stowe,  Harriet  Beecher 

[Wife  of  Calvin  Ellis),  her  temperance  prin- 
ciples, II:    91. 
Studley,   Mrs.   

Imprisoned   for  murder,   I:    122;     pardoned, 
123. 
Sumner,  Charles 

Procures  pardon  for  Drayton  and  Sayres, 
1 :    145  ;    184  ;     receives  A.   S.   petitions,   224  ; 


regrets  Lincoln's  pro-slavery  action,  227, 
urges  him  to  sign  the  bill  to  abolish  slavery 
in  Dist.  of  Columbia,  234 ;  holds  state  sui- 
cide theory,  239 ;  condemns  Lincoln's  delay, 
244  ;  advocates  Col.  Stevenson's  promotion,  247  ; 
IKtsition  on  admission  of  new  states ;  oppo- 
sition to  Lincoln's  Reconstruction  methods 
justified  ;  believes  A.  S.  societies  should  not 
dissolve,  271-2  ;  faith  in  Johnson,  273  ;  276  ; 
290  ;  regarded  as  a  living  martyr  ;  II :  25  ;  29  ; 
his  seat  in  the  old  senate  chamber,  133 :  his 
furniture,  137. 
Sutherland,  Duke  of 

II:  325. 
Swain,  J 

Influenced  by  Arnold  Buffum,  1:    308. 
Susan  — — 

A   fugitive  slave,  1 :    45—7. 
Taft,   Hon.    Royal  C. 

Interrogated  by    E.    B.    C,   II:    183;     fugi- 
tive slaves  in  Uxbridge,  275. 
Talbot,  Mrs.  

Addresses  Reform  Sch.  children,  1 :    327-8. 
Talcott,  James  M. 

Supt.  Prov.  Reform  Sch.,  I:    327-8;    wishes 
to  meet  Ladies'   Board  of  Visitors,  335  ;     dis- 
missed from  Reform  Sch.,  II:    88. 
Taney,  Roger  Brooke 

[Chief   Justice    of    U.    S.),    contrast    of    his 
conduct    with    that    of    Chief    Justice    Chase, 
II:    138;    277. 
Taylor,  Father 

I :  297. 
Taylor,  P.  A. 

E.  B.  C.'s  party  at  his  home,  his  opinion  of 
royalty,  II:    19. 
Taylor,  Gen.  Zacbary 

I:   229. 
Temple,  Hon.  Cowper 

II:  46. 
Tennyson,   Alfred 

II :  11 ;  177. 
Terry,  Daisy 

[Niece  of  Julia  Ward  Howe],  II:    141. 
Terry,   Ellen 

II:  176. 
Terry,   Louisa  Ward 

[Wife  of  Luther),  11:    141. 
Terry,   Luther 

II:  141. 
Thackeray,  William  Makepeace 

II:  9. 
Thaxter,   Celia 

[Wife  of  Levi],  II:    60. 


[370] 


Tbaxter,  licvi 
II :  59. 
Thomas,   Edith 

Helps  Mrs.  Morse,  II:    303-4. 
Thompson,  Mrs.   Elizabeth 

II:    115. 
Thompson,  George 

E.  B.  C.  wishes  to  have  him  speak  in  Valley 
Falls,  1 :  149-50 ;  opposes  Phillips,  260 ;  inci- 
dents, 261-2 ;  in  the  A.  S.  office,  267  ;  speaks 
at  Samuel  O.  Chace's  funeral ;  interest  in 
Spiritualism,  297-8;  meets  E.  B.  C.'s  party 
in  Leeds,  anecdote,  II :  20 ;  bids  E.  B.  C. 
good-by  for  the  last  time,  49. 
Thompson,   Mrs.   George 

II :  20. 
Tliompson,  James  1>. 

Underground  railroad,  II:    280. 
Thoreau,  Henry  D. 

1 :  131. 
Tillinghast,  Mary   £. 

Tribute  to  Samuel  O.  Chace,  1 :  294  ;  II :  293. 
Tilton,   Theodore 

[Ass't  editor  of  The  Independent],  I:  304. 
Tobey,  Dr.  Samuel 

1 :    193 ;     253 ;     action    about    opening    the 
Friends'  Sch.  to  colored  children,  277-8. 
Tobey,  Sarah 

[AVife  of  Samuel],  I:    168-70. 
Tolman,  Edward   Chace 

II :  311. 
Tolman,  Elizabeth  M.  S. 

[Wife  of  James],  pleased  with  her  son's  en- 
gagement, II:  114;   123. 
Tolman,  Harriet   S. 

II :  83 ;  123 ;   193 ;   reads  papers  at  Sabbatia 
Cottage,  204;    221-2. 
Tolman,  James 

Associate  of  Boston  reformers,  II :  114. 
Tolman,  James   Pike 

II :   83  ;    his  engagement,  114  ;  married,  122  ; 
123 ;   141 ;   193  ;   195 ;    presides  at  the  Sunday 
evening   meetings,   203,   his   diary,   204 ;     299, 
311;  312. 
Tolman,  Mary  Chace 

[Wife  of  James  Pike],  quoted,  II:  5;  140; 
141;  170;  176;  181,  +,  195;  excels  in 
flower  painting,  200  ;  219  ;  221 ;  encourages 
E.  B.  C.  to  begin  painting  flowers,  231 ;  234  ; 
245;  reception  for  E.  B.  C,  2.52.  2iJ6 :  257; 
291 ;  spends  summer  in  Valley  Falls,  292-3, 
295;  devotion  to  E.  B.  C,  299;  311,312,319; 
message  from  E.  B.  C,  330;  331. 
Tolman,    Richard    Chace 

Anecdote,  II :    198  ;    203  ;    311. 


Tomlinson,  William  Penn 
I:   317. 
Torrey,  

Experience  in  Freedman's  Bureau,  I:    286. 
Train,   George    Francis 

Characterization,  I:    317. 
Trueblood,  E.   Hicks 

Underground  railroad,  II:   280. 
Trueblood,  William  J. 

Underground  railroad,  II:    280. 
Truth,  Sojourner 

["The   African   Sibyl"],   anecdote,    I:   142; 
reception,   II :    105. 
Tucker,  Abraham 

I:  91-2. 
Tudor,  Mrs.  Fenno 

Reception,  II :    141. 
Turner,  Anna 

Visits  L.  B.  C.  W.  in  Boston,  II :  123 ;  124 ; 
141. 
Turner,  Joseph  Mallord  William 

II:  47. 
Tyngr,  Dr.  Annie  E. 

I:    333,  334. 
Vallandigham,  Clement  li. 

A  source  of  danger  to  the  Union,  1 :    254  ; 
called  the  arch  traitor,  264. 
Valley  Falls  Co.,  the 

II:    54. 
Van  Buren,  Martin 

I:  61. 
Van  Zandt,  Gov.  Charles  C. 

II:     83;     Sch.    Suffrage,    122;    State   Home 
and  Sch.,  181. 
Vii)bert,  George  H. 

I:  318. 
Victor    Emmanuel 

II:    36;    his  religion,  41. 
Victoria,  Queen  of  England 

II:  24. 
Villard,   Fanny   Garrison 

[Wife  of  Henry],  II:    30;    124;     223. 
Viilard,  Henry 

I:   284;    II:    30. 
Voltz,  

An  artist,  II:    48. 
Wade,  Benjamin  F. 

Belief  in  Andrew  .Johnson,  1 :    273;    II:    304. 
Walker,  Amasa 

Received  Garrison's  vote  in  1834,  1 :   82. 
Wallcut,  Annie 

[Dau.    of   Robert   F.],    a    true    Abolitionist, 
I:  160. 


[371  ] 


Wallcnt.  Robert  F. 

Grateful  for  kindness  to  his  daughter,  1 :  160 ; 
200;  asked  by  E.  B.  C.  for  A.  S.  literature, 
245 ;  name  misspelt  in  text,  267-8 ;  un- 
able to  attend  Phillips  Memorial  service, 
H:  180. 
Wardwell,  

Supt.  at  State  Farm,  I:    342. 
Warren,  WiUlam  B. 

Friend  of  Davidson,  II :   201 
Wa8hlng:ton,  Booker  T. 

Visits  Wianno,  11 :    209. 
Washlngiion,  Georgre 

I:  305. 
Wasson,    Rev.   David   A. 

I:    183;    anecdote,  II:    59. 
Waterman,  £IIen 

II:  273. 
Watkins,  Mrs.  Frances   £IIeii 

1 :  141. 
Watts,  Dr.   Isaac 

Quoted,  II:  294. 
Webb,    Alfred 

Much  moved  by   E.   B.   C.'s  book,   II:  279; 
with  his  wife  visits  E.   B.  C,  302,  also  F.  J. 
Garrison   and   Parker  Pillsbury,   312-13. 
Webb,   Richard   Davis 

[Irish     Garrisonian     Abolitionist],      ignores 
Pillsbury,  1 :    246  ;    II :    3  ;    5  ;    appearance  ; 
biographer   of   John    Brown ;     not   an   ardent 
Home   Ruler,   6;    302. 
Webb,   Thomas 

[Brother   of   Richard   D.],   attentions   to    E. 
B.  C.'s  party,  II:  6. 
Webster,    Daniel 

Quoted,    II :     253 ;     wearied   by    "  rub-a-dub 
agitation,"    274. 
Weiss,    Rev.    John 

Frequent  visitor  at  the  Homestead,  intro- 
duces E.  B.  C.  and  family  to  the  Radical 
Club,  1 :  305-6  ;  11 :  4  ;  Shakespearean  lec- 
turer, 52  ;  discusses  origin  of  evil  at  Apple- 
dore,  59 ;  wine  drinking,  anecdote,  67—70. 
Weld,   Angelina   Grimk4 

[Wife  of  Theodore  D.],  I:    59;    address  in 
Pennsylvania  Hall,  61  ;     87  ;    289. 
Weld,   Theodore  Dwight 

A.  S.  speaker,  marries  Angelina  Grimk^', 
1 :  59  ;  argues  about  U.  S.  Constitution,  82 ; 
his  school,  158 ;  lecture  engagements,  245 ; 
285;  289;  II:  180;  219;  220;  message 
to  E.  B.  C,  223. 
Wellington,    L>ydla 

[Wife  of  Henry],   describes  E.   B.   C.'s  pre- 
siding, II:  290;   304. 


Weils,  Kate  Gannett 

[Wife  of  Samuel],  speaks  at  Radical   Club, 
1 :    306 ;    gives   reception,   II,   124  ;     159 ;   in- 
vites E.   B.  C.  to  reception,  175. 
Wendte,    R«v.    C.    W. 

II:  191. 
Weston,   Anne   Warren 

On  Exec.  Com.  Am.  A.  S.  Soc,  1864,  I:  28l 
Wetmore,   Gov.   George  Peabodjr 

II:   218. 
Wheeler,   S.   W. 

A.  S.  worker,  1 :   171 ;    172. 
Whipple,  Charles  Kins 

I:     240;     on    Exec.    Com.    Am.    A.   S.    Soc., 
1864,  283 ;    sends  Convention  appeal  to  E.  B. 
C,  323-4. 
Whipple,   James 

Characterization  ;     anecdotes,   II :   54-5  ;     at 
E.  B.  C.'s  birthday  reception,  257. 
White,  Armenia  S. 

II:  319. 
Whiting,  Mrs.  — 

II:  279. 
Whitman,   Mrs.    Sarah   Helen 

[A  Prov.  poet,  who  at  one  time  was  engaged 
to  Edgar  Allan  Poe  ;    author  of  "  Poe  and  His 
Critics"],   Vice-Pres.    R.   I.   Woman    Suffrage 
Assn.,  1868,  I:    311. 
Whitney,  Edwin  H. 

Contributor  to  Calvin  Fairbank  fund,  II ;  217. 
Whitson,  Thomas 

His   last  words,   II:  255. 
Whittier,  Dr.  E.  N. 

II:  239. 
Whittier,   John    Greenleaf 

[1807-92],  I:  130;  202;  invited  to  New- 
port, II :  53  ;  at  Appledore,  anecdotes,  60  : 
Atlantic  Monthly  dinner  to,  91  ;  celebration 
of  his  life  and  works  at  Friends'  Sch..  186  : 
192 ;  message  to  E.  B.  C,  221 ;  223 ;  inter- 
est in  E.  B.  C.'s  book,  279. 
Wigham,  Eliza 

English  Abolitionist,  II:  331. 
Wiglitman,   Mr.   

[Overseer  of  the  Poor  in  Prov.],  on  pauper- 
ism,  II:    119-20. 
Wilbur,    Hannah 

Discusses    A.    S.    differences   and   Quakerism, 
I:  86-7. 
Wilbur,    John 

[Rhode   Island   Quaker,   leader  of  the   party 
named  for  himself  which  opposed  Joseph  John 
Gurney],  I:  104. 
Wilkins.  Mary  £. 

II:    284;     286. 


[372] 


"Wilkinson,  Mary 

See  Fessenden,  Mary  W. 
IVilletts,   George  [Mr.   and   Mrs.l 

At  Niagara    Falls  with   E.    B.   C,   I:    864; 
they  call  on  Douglass,  265-6. 
Willetts,    Georg:iana 

Nurse  in  Union  army,  1 :    264 ;    267. 
Wllletts,    Margarita 

1 :  264  ;  267. 
William   I,   German   Emperor  and   King 
of  Prussia 

II :  32-3. 
Williams,    Alfred    M. 

[Editor    of    Prov.    Journal],   his    idea    of    a 
«eui»paper,    II :     188. 
Williams,  John 

Homeless  boy,  II:    102-3. 
"Williams,  Margaret  Clifford 

Wife   of   an    Anglican   missionary    to    India, 
II :    187  ;    233  ;    240  ;    pleased  with  E.  B.  C.'s 
book,  opium  trade,   +,  281;    325. 
Wilson,   Henry 

I:  305. 
Wincli,   William   J. 

In  England,  II:    176;    202. 
Winch,  Mrs.   William  J. 

II :    234  ;     257. 
Wines,   Dr.   E.    C. 

Sends  E.  B.  C.  her  Prison  Congress  creden- 
tials, II :  2 ;  temporary  chairman  of  the 
•Cong.,  13,  his  plan  for  delegates  to  meet  the 

Prince  of  Wales,  15  ;    21. 

Winsor,  Walter 
Youthful  criminal,  II:    129-30. 

Winthrop,    John 
I:  21. 

Winthrop,    Theodore 
Identified  with  John  Brent,  I:    240. 

Wise,  Henry   A. 
His  opinion  of  the  legal  situation  after  the 

war  not  unlike  Garrison's,  I:  271. 

Wolcott,    Rev.   

I:    199,   200. 

Wood,  Emma 
Gives  a  costume  party,  1 :    290. 

Wood,   Hannah 
Her  loveliness,  marries  Harvey  Chace,  I:  18. 

Woodbury,    R«v.    Augustus 
Signer  of  petition,  I:    3-29-30;    II:    2 ;  51 ; 


tribute  to  E.  B.  C.  as  Pres.  of  R.  I.  Woman 
Suffrage    Assn.,    304-5. 
Wooster,    Emma 

I:  290. 
Wordsworth,   William 

I:  202. 
Worthington,    Edgar 

An     English     visitor     at     the     Homestead, 
II:    176-7. 
Wright,  Ellzur 

Radical  delegate  to  interview  with  Lincoln, 
1 :  249  ;    11 :  180. 
Wright,    Henry    Claris 

1 :  130 ;  description  of ;  intimate  with 
Garrison;  +,  140-1;  regard  for  the  rights 
of  children,  157-8 ;  characterized  by  Mr. 
May;  +,  186-7;  subjects  of  two  lectures  at 
Valley  Falls,  215-16 ;    on  Exec.  Com.  of  Am. 

A.  S.  Soc,  1864,  283 ;  entertained  by  Phebe 
.Jackson,  II:  273;  guest  of  Jacob  Bright, 
276. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Paulina 

[Nee  Ramsdell],  lectures  in  Prov.,  attracts 
E.   B.   C,  I:  119;  marries  Thomas  Davis,  120. 

See   Davis,   Paulina   Wright. 
Wyatt,   Mary   E. 

I:  261-2. 
Wynian,    Arthur    Crawford 

Anecdote,  II :  198  ;  203  :  anecdotes,  23S-40. 
Wyman,    Capt.   John   Crawford 

[1822-1900],  I:  110;  266;  II:  3-4:  8:  59; 
88;  91:  connection  with  the  .l//anh'c -Vonf/i/y, 
views  on  the  excise  law  in  N.  Y.,  91;  92; 
98 ;     100 ;     100-1 ;     103-4 :     accompanies    E. 

B.  C.  on  "journey  of  enquiry,"  113;  114; 
123  ;  124  ;  139  :  141 ;  liioves  to  Valley  Falls, 
162:  187;  189:  191;  195;  196:  212:  238-9; 
2.J4;  289;  290:  291;  296;  299;  300;  310; 
314:     320:    32-2:     328. 

Young,    Edward 

E.   B.   C.'s  love  for  his  poetry.  I:    10. 
Young,   Rev.  Joshua 

[Unitarian  minister  at  Burlington],  indig- 
nation aroused  by  return  of  Anthony 
Burns  to  slavery,  I:  106:  congratulations  to 
E.  B.  C,  brief  account  of  his  .\.  S.  work, 
II:  256;  keeper  of  station  of  underground 
niilniinl.  20.'.. 
Zerralin,  Cari 

II:  201. 


[373] 


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